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6/11/23, 4:59 PM 2023 Canadian wildfires - Wikipedia
2023 Canadian wildfires

Beginning in March 2023 and increasing in intensity
2023 Canadian wildfires
around June, Canada has been affected by an ongoing
record-setting series of wildfires. As the worst wildfire
season in Canadian history,[3] eleven provinces and
territories have been affected, with large fires in
Alberta, Nova Scotia and Ontario and Quebec.
As of June 5, 2,214 fires have burned 43,000 square

kilometres (10,600,000 acres).[4] As of June 6, there
were 413 active wildfires, 249 of which were deemed
"out of control".[5] Smoke emitted from the wildfires
has caused air quality alerts and evacuations in
Canada, the United States, and Europe.
Background
In general, the total number of wildfires has decreased
while the total area burned has increased, though
there is variability between years.[6] In Canada,
wildfire season usually starts in May.[7]
Roughly half of all wildfires in Canada are caused by

lightning; due to climate change, lightning strikes are
happening more frequently.[6][8] Also due to climate
change, weather has been warmer and drier, raising
wildfire risk as vegetation is more flammable.[6][9][10]
Wind further exacerbated the issues.[11] Canadian
Minister of Public Safety Bill Blair said: "Due to
climate change, similar extreme weather events may
continue to increase in both frequency and severity
across our country."[12] Pollution due to a global
increase in wildfires has created widespread, long-
term impacts on human health.[13]
The 2023 fires have been compared to the 2016 Fort

McMurray wildfire[14][15] and the 2021 Lytton
wildfire.[11] Clockwise from top: Wildfires in western Canada
· Wildfire smoke in Minneapolis · Wildfires in
Alberta Nova Scotia · Wildfire smoke on the East Coast ·
Wildfire smoke in Calgary
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Canadian_wildfires 1/21
As of May, Alberta was most impacted by Location Canada (11 out of 13 provinces and
wildfires.[7][16] On May 6, the province of Alberta territories)
declared a provincial state of emergency.[17][18] By
Statistics
May 7, 108 active fires were burning in the
province.[19] The provincial state of emergency ended Total fires 2,214[1]
on June 3.[20] As of June 7, the province said there Total area 4,300,000 ha (10,600,000 acres)[2]
had been 591 reported wildfires in the province since Date(s)
March.[21] March 1, 2023 – present
Evacuated 126,000 people
Evacuations
Multiple settlements were placed under evacuation orders, resulting in over 29,000 Albertan people
being evacuated by May 7.[19][22] On May 11, at least 300 members of the Canadian Armed Forces
were sent to different parts of Alberta to help.[23]
Evacuation orders were issued for multiple communities throughout the province. On April 29,
mandatory evacuation orders were issued for the hamlets of Evansburg and Entwistle, due to two
wildfires in their vicinity.[24] The evacuation order was lifted on May 3, only for it to be reinstated on
May 4, due to the fires increasing in size.[25]
The community of Fox Lake, on the Fox Lake 162 reserve, was issued an evacuation order May 3, with
all residents being evacuated by May 5. As of May 11, the local police station, general store, and at
least 100 homes had been destroyed by fire.[26] The town of Drayton Valley, approximately 133 km
(83 mi) southwest of Edmonton, was issued an evacuation order on May 4. The local fire department
reported that one structure had been lost.[27]
On May 5, the hamlet of Nordegg and the Big Horn 144A reserve were issued an evacuation order due
to nearby wildfires.[28] Also on May 5, evacuation orders were issued for the town of Edson due to
multiple nearby wildfires.[29] On May 6, the town of Fox Creek and the hamlet of Little Smoky were
issued an evacuation order.[30]
On May 13, the community of Chateh issued an evacuation order due to the Long Lake Fire (HWF-
036) making a 25 kilometre run towards the community.[31] On May 14, the community of Chipewyan
Lake was issued an evacuation order due to an out-of-control wildfire starting north of the
community.
Residents of Rainbow Lake were allowed to return on June 2.[20]
More than 3,000 Albertans remained under evacuation orders as of June 8.[2]
Governmental response
On May 9, the government of Yukon sent 21 firefighters to assist crews in Alberta. The team returned
to Yukon on May 24. Another 21-person team returned to Alberta on May 31.[32]
British Columbia
British Columbia saw an unusual lack of rain in May and early June, leading to increased wildfire
conditions in the province.[33]
The province saw multiple wildfires in early June, in or near Peachland, Port Alberni, Sayward, and
Vancouver Island.[34] As of June 2, there were 54 active fires in the region.[33] Officials estimated
about half of the province's wildfires were caused by human action.[34]
In northeastern British Columbia, the Donnie Creek wildfire became the second single largest wildfire
in the province's history, behind the 2017 Plateau Fire.[34] By late afternoon on June 5, the fire was
burning over an area of 2,656.5 square kilometres (1,025.7 sq mi).[35]
The province planned to put campfire bans in place on June 8, to stay in effect until October.[36][37]
International fire crews also came to British Columbia from five countries. Natural Resources Canada,
with its Fire Weather Index, also tracked the wildfires and issued warnings.[38]
Evacuations
In early May, some British Columbia residents evacuated their homes due to out-of-control wildfires
there.[19]
Around May 22, residents were evacuated from near Tzenzaicut Lake, about 600 kilometres (370 mi)
north of Vancouver.[39]
In early June, officials recommended that British Columbians be prepared to evacuate if need be.[38]
On June 7, the community of One Island Lake was evacuated.[36] On June 8, the community of
Tumbler Ridge was evacuated.[40]
Central Canada
Quebec has been particularly hard hit during the 2023 wildfire
season, with more frequent wildfires than in the past, and fewer
resources and experience with which to fight them.[41]
Smoke from the fires caused air quality in Ottawa, Toronto,[42] as

well as most of Southern Ontario on June 5–7 to hit the highest
level on Environment Canada's Air Quality Health Index, the
worst in the province of Ontario.[43][44] Air quality also hit the
highest level in Kingston and Belleville, Ontario.[45]
On June 8, 137 fires were active in Quebec and 54 in Ontario.[46] Ontario-Quebec wildfires on June 3,
2023
Evacuations
As of June 4, 14,000 residents had been evacuated from their homes in Quebec.[47] On June 6, 7,500
residents were evacuated from Chibougamau, the largest town in Northern Quebec.[48] On June 7, the
nearby Cree Nation of Mistissini was asked to evacuate, and the Cree Nation of Waswanipi began
evacuating of their own accord.[49]
On June 6, Quebec's Public Security Ministry announced a large evacuation alert for the province,
prompting towns such as Chapais to immediately evacuate citizens.[50] The mayor of Lebel-sur-
Quévillon, where about 2,100 people (or the entire city's population) were forced from their homes,
stated that the fires were as close as 10 km (6.2 mi) from the city.[51]
Manitoba
As of June 6, there had been 70 fires in Manitoba, which was actually below the province's average
wildfires for that point in the season.[52] Compared to past years, human caused fires were less
frequent, with lightning causing the majority of the fires.[52]
As of May 27, there were six active wildfires in the province, including a fire near Cross Lake First
Nation and Pimicikamak Cree Nation.[53]
On June 2, Manitoba only had three wildfires active in the province.[54] However, lightning over June
3 and 4 raised the total fire count to 12 by June 5, and to 14 by June 6. Of those 14, four were
considered out of control.[52][54]
On June 6, officials were focused on monitoring and containing fires near Little Grand Rapids,
Pauingassi First Nation, and St. Theresa Point First Nation.[52]
Evacuations
Approximately 7,000 members of the Pimicikamak Cree Nation were evacuated on May 24; most
residents were able to return by May 26.[55][56]
Travel restrictions were placed in southeastern Manitoba on May 27.[53] Provincial burn permits for
the area were cancelled, with the exception of burn permits for essential operations that had been
approved by a conservation officer and which had had a site inspection.[53]
The government of Manitoba was not sending firefighters to assist other provinces in early June, due
to concerns about Manitoba's fire risk.[52]
New Brunswick
New Brunswick had experienced 177 wildfires as of June 7, with four still active, including fires in
West Branch, Alnwick Parish, and Valley Road in Kars.[21]
A fire near Saint Andrews, which had started on May 28, was brought under control on June 5.[57]
Newfoundland and Labrador

Newfoundland and Labrador saw 34 wildfires before May 1, far outpacing the 2022 season, which saw
only 2 fires in that same period.[58][59] This was attributed to dry conditions.[59] Between May 1 and
19, 19 other fires were recorded.[58] Wet conditions in early June created a low fire risk for
Newfoundland, allowing water bombers from Newfoundland to be deployed to assist with firefighting
efforts in Labrador, Nova Scotia and Quebec.[60]
On June 8, there were 72 active wildfires in the province.[46]
Northwest Territories
As of June 7, there were eleven active wildfires in the Northwest Territories.[21] At that point, there
had been 21 total fires, affecting 403,815 hectares.[21]
Evacuations
The K'at'lodeeche First Nation of the Hay River Reserve, and the residents of Hay River were
evacuated on May 14. The 3,000 residents of Hay River were allowed to return on May 24, while the
300 members of the K'at'lodeeche First Nation were not able to return until June 7.[61]
On May 31, the residents of Sambaa K'e were evacuated to Fort Simpson.[62]
Although Nova Scotia sent a team of 20 firefighters to the NWT on May 25, they were recalled on May
29 due to the worsening wildfire situation in their home province.[63]
On June 6, the Canadian government announced that they and the Government of the Northwest
Territories would match United Way donations for disaster relief in the region.[64]
Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia saw the largest recorded wildfires in its history.[65] On June 1, there were four out-of-
control fires in the province.[65] In suburban Halifax, an estimated 200 structures were destroyed by
fire.[65] By June 1, the Halifax fire was 50% contained, but was not considered under control.[65] At
the time, no missing people or injuries from the Halifax fire were reported.[65] By June 4, the Halifax
fire was 100% contained.[66]
The Barrington Lake fire in Shelburne County, which started May 27, covered 230 square kilometres
(89 sq mi) at its largest. On June 7, officials announced it was successfully contained.[67] As of this
date, the fire had destroyed 60 residences and 150 other structures.[67]
Evacuations
In late-May, the communities of Hammonds Plains, Pockwock, and Upper Tantallon were put under
evacuation orders.[63] 16,000 residents were evacuated from Halifax.[65] The Halifax Regional
Municipality opened several centres for evacuees. On June 2, some residents were permitted to briefly
return to their homes to survey damage; however, due to other safety risks, no evacuees were allowed
to return permanently.[68][69] This was a source of frustration for evacuees, along with what some
residents deemed to be "communication failures" from the provincial government.[69]
Residents near Shelburne were evacuated on May 31; the total number of evacuees from Shelburne
County numbered about 5,000.[65] Several local farmers also evacuated their animals to the county's
exhibition grounds.[67] Nova Scotia provided free camping at several locations for people displaced by
the fire in Shelburne.
To prevent further fires, all open fires were banned province-wide on May 29. On May 30, hiking,
camping, fishing, and the use of vehicles in the woods were banned in all forests in the province until
June 25, or until conditions allow them to be lifted. The Halifax Regional Municipality also closed all
heavily wooded city parks on May 31.[70]
All schools in Shelburne County and several schools in Halifax Regional Municipality were closed in
response to the fires.[71]
In late-May, New London, Prince Edward Island sent a team of four firefighters to assist crews in
Nova Scotia.[72] On May 29, Newfoundland and Labrador sent two waterbombers to the province.[73]
In early June, a six-person team from Alberta came to the province to assist in assessing fire damage
to property and infrastructure.[67]
Financial relief
The provincial government issued an initial emergency payment of $500 to all evacuated households
in the immediate aftermath of the fires.[74] Additionally, the Canadian government established a
donation matching program with the Nova Scotian government and the Canadian Red Cross to
support those affected by the fires.[75]
On June 7, the provincial government announced it would give a one-time grant of $2,500 to
registered farmers in Halifax and Shelburne County who had been under mandatory evacuation
orders.[67]
Aftermath
Delays, possibly up to three years, in rebuilding houses are expected, due to the province's
construction backlog.[76]
Saskatchewan
Like other regions, Saskatchewan had a dry spring, leading to increased risk for wildfires.[77] By May
25, the province had seen 187 fires; the five-year average for that point in the season is 111.[78]
Firefighting crews struggled due to heavy smoke, which made it difficult both for crews to travel and
to monitor the fires.[79]
Some communities, although not directly in the path of any fires, lost power due to fires in the region,
particularly from May 14–17.[80][81]
International aid
On June 6, Quebec Premier François Legault announced that 200 French and American firefighters
would travel to Quebec to help fight the wildfires, and that the province was in negotiations with
Chile, Costa Rica, and Portugal to find more resources.[82]
On June 7, the Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre said that 950 firefighters and other personnel
had travelled from other countries (including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United
States) to provide aid.[48]
On June 8, the European Commission announced they would be sending more than 280 firefighters
from France, Spain, and Portugal.[2] New York governor Kathy Hochul announced the state would
send seven firefighters over the course of two weeks, per the request of Canada.[83]
Evacuations
On May 15, 535 residents of Buffalo Narrows evacuated.[80] Other evacuated communities included
the Buffalo River Dene Nation, the English River First Nation, the Lac La Ronge Indian Band, and the
Canoe Lake First Nation.[80]
By May 18, the Saskatchewan Public Safety Agency (SPSA) was supporting around 1,000 evacuees
from effected regions of the province, who were temporarily housed in Lloydminster, North
Battleford, and Regina.[80] Support provided included food, clothing, housing, and other required
services.[80] The number of evacuees at the time was higher than 1,000, as the SPSA was not
supporting individuals who evacuated of their own accord or who made separate housing plans.[80]
Many residents in Deschambault Lake evacuated in mid-May.[78] Evacuees from Île-à-la-Crosse and
Buffalo Narrows received assistance from the University of Regina.[78]
The provincial government put a fire ban in place on May 16; it was lifted on May 24 due to improving
conditions.[78]
On May 19, the SPSA announced they would provided financial aid to residents impacted by fire-
related power outages.[81]
The government of Quebec sent two amphibious tankers to the province to assist with firefighting
efforts.[81]
Domestic impact
In mid-May, oil companies in Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan curbed production as a
precautionary measure in parts of the provinces; this in turn drove up the price of oil.[84]
International effects
United States
May
In May, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency issued several

alerts for poor air quality due to smoke from Alberta and
Saskatchewan fires[85][86] and ground-level ozone.[87][88][89]
Smoke from the Alberta wildfires led to air quality alerts in
Colorado, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah,
Wisconsin, and Washington by May 21, 2023.[90][16] The Statue of Liberty on June 7,
2023
June
On June 2, smoke from the Nova Scotia wildfires affected air

quality in Washington, D.C., and the states of Maryland,
Pennsylvania, and Virginia.[65] The smoke from wildfires in
Quebec[91] drifted into the Northeastern United States on June 5–
6 and triggered air quality alerts for most of New York,
Connecticut and some of the surrounding states, as well as the
Midwestern states of Minnesota, Michigan, and Wisconsin.[92][93]
The smoke on June 6 was estimated by one Stanford researcher to
have been the third-worst in the country since 2006.[83] By the
night of June 6, New York City had the worst air pollution of any
major city in the world; by the morning of June 7 it had fallen to
second place, behind Delhi.[94][95] This also marked the city's
worst air quality since the 1960s.[96]
By June 7, air quality alerts also went out to residents in the The Empire State Building as seen
Delaware Valley in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware, and from the ground on June 7, 2023
to additional areas in New England.[97][98] In total, approximately
128 million Americans were under air quality alerts by the evening
of June 7.[83] In New York City; Syracuse, New York; Princeton Junction, New Jersey; and the Lehigh
Valley in Pennsylvania, the air quality index surpassed 400.[96][48] After a brief respite, New York
City's air quality returned to being the worst of any major city in the world.[83] City officials
announced plans to distribute one million N95 masks on June 8.[83][48][99]
Several airline flights to and from New York City, New Jersey, and Washington, D.C. were delayed or
cancelled;[100] by the afternoon, the Federal Aviation Administration halted all flights going to
LaGuardia Airport in New York City, citing visibility concerns.[48][96][101]
Schools across New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut announced closures, with the district of
schools in Danbury, Connecticut announcing several alerts also advising students.[96][102] Major
League Baseball, the National Women's Soccer League, and the Women's National Basketball
Association postponed games scheduled to be held in New York City, New Jersey, and Philadelphia
the night of June 7.[48][103] The Public Theater cancelled its June 8 and 9 Shakespeare in the Park
performances of Hamlet.[83] On Broadway, performances of Camelot, Hamilton, and Prima Facie
were cancelled due to the poor air quality.[104][105]
On the night of June 7, Connecticut announced a warning advising residents to use masks and stay
indoors due to a increase in smoke in the state.[106] Danbury and Greenwich citizens had used masks
earlier in the day as well.[107][108]
On the morning of June 8, air quality was worst throughout the area surrounding Pennsylvania,
Washington, D.C., and Trenton, New Jersey.[109][110] Philadelphia's air quality levels reached their
worst levels since 1999.[111] New York City climbed into the worst tier out of the Environmental
Protection Agency's six-tier air quality index, causing Governor Kathy Hochul to call it an "emergency
crisis".[96] Flights continued to be delayed for planes bound for Newark, New York City, and
Philadelphia, with delays for Charlotte and Dallas also being eyed.[112][113][114] United Airlines issued
travel waivers to impacted passengers.[113] Horse racing at Belmont Park in New York was cancelled,
causing fears of a potential postponement or cancellation of the Belmont Stakes, scheduled for June
10.[115]
New York City public high schools and the School District of Philadelphia announced they would
switch to virtual learning on June 9, due to poor air quality.[83][116][117]
Europe
The wildfire smoke has also drifted to Europe; as of May 23–25, it was mainly located over
Scandinavia.[118][119] On June 8, Iceland and Greenland were affected by drifting smoke,[120] with
forecasts suggesting Norway would also be affected over the next few days.[121][120]
See also
Canada portal
Chinchaga fire
List of disasters in Canada
List of fires in Canada
New England's Dark Day
Orange Skies Day
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External links
Media related to 2023 Canadian wildfires at Wikimedia Commons
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6/11/23, 4:59 PM 2023 Canadian wildfires - Wikipedia

2023 Canadian wildfires

As of June 5, 2,214 fires have burned 43,000 square

Roughly half of all wildfires in Canada are caused by

The 2023 fires have been compared to the 2016 Fort

Residents of Rainbow Lake were allowed to return on June 2.[20]

Smoke from the fires caused air quality in Ottawa, Toronto,[42] as

Newfoundland and Labrador

On June 8, there were 72 active wildfires in the province.[46]

In May, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency issued several

On June 2, smoke from the Nova Scotia wildfires affected air

Orange Skies Day

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2023_Canadian_wildfires&oldid=1159649725"

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