AS PER THE REQUIREMENT OF NEB EXAMINATION

OF GRADE XI COMPUTER SCIENCE

BASED PROJECT WORK
ON
“REPORT GENERATING SYSTEM”
(BATCH-2016/2017)

SUBMITTED BY
Mr. Sonu Kumar Jaiswal
Mr. Sajak Bahadur Shah
XI Computer Science (Physical Group)
Regd No:732531312

DAV SKVB Higher Secondary School

Jawalakhel, Lalitpur
 D.A.V. College
Affiliated to NEB
Jawalakhel, Lalitpur

A project sumitted partial Fullfillment of the project Requirement for the degree
NEB 130 a project Report on
“Report generating System”

Submitted by:
Mr. Sonu Kumar Jaiswal
Mr. Sajak Bhadur Shah
XI Computer Science (Physical Group)

DAV SKVB Higher Secondary School

Jawalakhel ,Lalitpur
 CERTIFICATE

This project work attached here with entitled “Report Generating System”
developed by
Mr. Sonu Kumar Jaiswal
Mr. Sajak Bhadur Shah
XI Computer Science (Physical Group)
Of student grade XI as a partial fulfillment for the degree NEB+2 is here by
accepted.

…………………. …………………….
Mr. Suman Basnet Mr. Mani Gautam
(Academic Director) (+2 Science Coordinator)

………………………. …………………………….
Internal Examiner External Examiner
Mr. Ramesh Sah Mr. ……………….
 PREFACE

“Computer Essential” is written for grade XI students and future computer users-
people for whom the computer will be and alternative knowledge for everyday to
acquire necessary information and skills to solve the office automation related
system or any kind of problems in human life.

As we know that computer science is applied subject and using the computer skills
gained we can solve different types of daily life oriented problems. Keeping this in
view HSEB has assigned this type of project work “REPORT GENERATING
SYSTEM” for the students of grade XI so that they can deal with such types of
problems in future easily and I have tried my best to prepare this project work
which is assigned to me as per the requirement of HSEB rules and regulations.

In this project I have used one of the most popular application software this is Ms.-
Word and Ms. Excel and it is presented to you in the simplest of words.

Acknowledgement
I sincerely want to express my heart felt gratitude to the following people
who have given me a valuable co-operation and strength for the
composition of this project work.
It is because my outside duty to first fully thank my computer teacher Mr.
Ramesh Sir for his guidance, assistance, supervision and valuable
comments to me all the way through the project.
With the profound sentiments of gratitude, I want to acknowledge the
D.A.V. College Computer Science Department for providing opportunity
to do this type of project work which really enhance the creativity as well
as knowledge of the student. It really changed my attitude about using the
application software as well as to present my documents in edited
formatting as well. The most useful task was to provide to prepare a
webpage which really encourage me to do some extra ordinary in the field
of Computer Science.
I offer my deepest gratefulness to my guardians for their support and help.
I also express my thanks to all my friends, well-wishers and those
individuals who helped me in many ways and provided me with precious
feedbacks and suggestions while carrying out this project work. This
project work would otherwise never have been completed without their
unceasing love, understanding, faith and support.

Table of Content
 Topics Pages
1. Microsoft Word 1
1.1. Introduction, Features, 2-3
1.2. Page formatting 4-5
1.3. Lab 1 for block diagram for computer system
1.4. Lab 2 for making calendar
1.5. Lab3 for making I ID Card
2. Microsoft Excel
2.1. Introduction, Features
2.2. lab1 for making grade sheet of students
2.3. lab2 for making different chart
2.4. lab3 for making SLC mark sheet
3. Microsoft PowerPoint
3.1. Introduction, Features
3.2. lab 1 for create 12 slide and print in two paper
4. Operating System
4.1. Introduction
4.2. internal and external commands
5. Web page designing using HTML
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Importance of HTML
5.3. Tag, different types
5.4. Practical 1: text formatting, heading, font, horizontal line, paragraph
element
5.5. Practical 2: ordered list and unordered list
5.6. Practical 3: table, rowspan, colspan, cellpadding, cellspacing
5.7. Practical 4: hyperlink define and practical
5.8. Practical 5: Image
5.9. Practical 6: page frame architecture three notepad and use frameset rows
and cols and frame src
5.10. Practical 7:
Microsoft
Word
 INTRODUCTION

Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released

on October 25, 1983under the name Multi-Tool Word. Subsequent versions were
later written for several other platforms including IBM
PCs running DOS (1983), Apple Macintosh running Classic Mac OS (1985), AT&T
Unix PC (1985), Atari ST (1988), OS/2 (1989), Microsoft Windows (1989), SCO
Unix (1994), and mac OS (2001). Commercial versions of Word are licensed as a
standalone product or as a component of Microsoft Office, Windows RT or the
discontinued Microsoft Works suite. Microsoft Word Viewer and Office
Online are freeware editions of Word with limited features.
MS-WORD is a part of the bigger package called MS OFFICE, which can do much
more than word processing. In fact when you open up MS OFFICE you will find
four main components in it. They are MS-WORD (for word processing), MS
EXCEL (for spreadsheet), MS ACCESS (for database management) and MS
POWERPOINT (for presentation purposes).

Features

Among its features, Word includes a built-in spell checker, a thesaurus, a

dictionary, and utilities for manipulating and editing text. The following are some
aspects of its feature:
Templates
Several later versions of Word include the ability for users to create their own
formatting templates, allowing them to define a file in which the title, heading,
paragraph, and other element designs that are unique from the standard Word
templates.
WordArt
WordArt enables drawing text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title,
watermark, or other text, with graphical effects such as skewing, shadowing,
rotating, and stretching in a variety of shapes and colors and even including three-
dimensional effects. Users can apply formatting effects such as shadow, bevel,
glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline.
Macros
A Macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence (often a
sequence of characters) should be mapped to an output sequence according to
defined process. Like other Microsoft Office documents, Word files can include
advanced macros and even embedded programs. The language was
originally WordBasic, but changed to Visual Basic for Applications as of Word 97.
Layout issues
Before Word 2010 (Word 14) for Windows, the program was unable to correctly
handle ligatures defined in TrueType fonts. Those ligature glyphs
with Unicode code points may be inserted manually, but are not recognized by
Word for what they are, breaking spell checking, while custom ligatures present in
the font are not accessible at all. Since Word 2010, the program now has
advanced typesetting features which can be enabled: Open Type ligatures, kerning,
and hyphenation. Other layout deficiencies of Word include the inability to set crop
marks or thin spaces. Various third-party workaround utilities have been developed.
Bullets and numbering
Microsoft Word supports bullet lists and numbered lists. It also features a
numbering system that helps add correct numbers to pages, chapters, headers,
footnotes, and entries of tables of content; these numbers automatically change to
correct ones as new items are added or existing items are deleted. Bullets and
numbering can be applied directly to paragraphs and convert them to lists. Word 97
through 2003, however, had problems adding correct numbers to numbered lists. In
particular, a second irrelevant numbered list might have not started with number
one, but instead resumed numbering after the last numbered list. Although Word 97
supported a hidden marker that said the list numbering must restart afterwards, the
command to insert this marker (Restart Numbering command) was only added in
Word 2003.
AutoSummarize
AutoSummarize highlights passages or phrases that it considers valuable. The
amount of text to be retained can be specified by the user as a percentage of the
current amount of text. AutoSummarize was removed from Microsoft Word for
Mac OS X 2011, although it was present in Word for Mac 2008. AutoSummarize
was removed from the Office 2010 release version (14) as well.
 Page Formatting

Page formatting is the layout of the page when it is printed on a printer. It includes
page size, page orientation, page margins, headers and footer etc. Formatting your
pages makes them look more attractive and makes them easier to read.

Page size

The length and the width of a page of a document is called page size. Page size is
very important in the formatting of the page. Page formatting changes according to
the size of the page. Changing the size of the page can disturb the formatting of the
whole document. It is better to set the page size before formatting it.

Page orientation

The direction in which document is printed on the paper is called page orientation.
The document can be printed on the paper in two ways. These are:

1. Portrait: portrait printing means that the paper is taller than it is wide. Most letters
are printed in portrait orientation.
2. Landscape: landscape printing means that the paper is wider than it is tall. Tables
with a larger number of columns are often printed in landscape orientation.

Header and footer

A header appears at the very top of a document. It typically includes the page
number and title of the book.  

A footer appears at the bottom of a page. It can also contain a page number. 
Insert a Cover Page
A cover page is inserted before the first page of your document. It contains
information such as the name and author of the document. It can also contain image
and other graphics to make the page more attractive.   Cover pages are commonly
used for longer documents, such as reports and books.

Create a Page Break

A page break is the point where one page ends and another begins. 

Borders and Shading

Borders can be applied to an entire page, an entire document, or just certain sections
of the document. A border can also be applied to paragraphs.

Page Margins
Page margins are the white space around the top, bottom, left, and right of your
document. Margins let Word know where to start placing text at the top of a
document, when to move on to the next page at the bottom, where to start typing
text on the left side, and where to stop and move to the next line on the right.
Mic
ros
oft
Exc
el
 Introduction

Excel is the spreadsheet program created by Microsoft.  Although you can use any
spreadsheet program for analyzing data, the instructions given here are specific for
Excel and you must use Excel for the three Excel quizzes.  NOTE: Microsoft also
makes a less powerful spreadsheet program as part of Microsoft Works or some
similar title.  Some of the features that we will use in these exercises are not found
in MS Works, so you will not be able to complete all the exercises using MS
Works.

Excel is, in its most basic form, a very fancy calculator.  The information given in
this quick tutorial is meant to give a working knowledge of how to use Excel. 
There are usually several different ways to perform the same function in Excel, this
tutorial will usually just give one way.  If you need more information on how to use
Excel, there are many web sites dedicated to using Excel, a simple 'google' search
will find many of them.  In addition, accessing the HELP menu from within the
program can also be useful!

Excel is a Microsoft office application that is mainly used for making calculations
and mathematical works. It is a spreadsheet application in which we can add sheets
as per our requirements. In a single sheet, it consists of rows and columns and cells,
where every cell has different address. Sum, product, subtraction, division and
many mathematical, logical functions are available within it. Other features include
tables, charts, clip art and more. It is basically used for payroll, accounts,
mathematical, and for other business purposes. See below for details.
 Features

1. Conditional Formatting: Conditional formatting, as its name suggests, changes

the format of a cell dependent on the content of the cell, or a range of cells, or
another cell or cells in the workbook. Conditional formatting helps users to
quickly focus on important aspects of a spreadsheet or to highlight errors and
to identify important patterns in data.

Conditional formats can apply basic font and cell formatting such as number
format, font colour and other font attributes, cell borders and cell fill colour. In
addition, there is a range of graphical conditional formats that helps with visualising
data by using icon sets, colour scales, or data bars.

2. Sorting and Filtering: Excel spreadsheets help us make sense of large

amounts of data. To make it easier to find what you need, you can reorder the
data or pick out just the data you need, based on parameters you set within
Excel. Sorting and filtering your data will save you time and make your
spreadsheet more effective.
3. Basic Math: At the heart of any Excel spreadsheet are the numbers within the
data. Using basic math functions to manipulate those numbers is one of the
features that makes Excel so powerful. Simple calculations can be entered into
the formula bar in Excel just as they would be written on paper. As with all
formulae in Excel, start a calculation with the = sign.
4. Mixed Type Charts: Mixed type or combo (combination) charts combine two
styles of charts, such as Excel’s column chart and line chart. This format can
be helpful for displaying two different types of information or a range of
values that varies greatly.
5. Hyperlink: We can link one file to another file or page.

6. Clip art: We can add images and also audio and video clips.

7. Tables: Tables are created with different fields (e.g. name, age, address, roll
number, and so forth). You can add a table to fill these values.
8. Images and backgrounds: You can incorporate images and backgrounds into
each sheet.
Microsoft
PowerPoint
Introduction

Microsoft PowerPoint is a slide show presentation program currently developed

by Microsoft, for use on both Microsoft and Apple Macintosh operating systems.
PowerPoint, initially named "Presenter", was created by Forethought Inc..
Microsoft's version of PowerPoint was officially launched on May 22, 1990, as a
part of the Microsoft Office suite. PowerPoint is useful for helping develop the
slide-based presentation format and is currently one of the most commonly used
slide-based presentation programs available. Microsoft has also released the
PowerPoint mobile application for use on Apple and Android mobile operating
systems.
Microsoft PowerPoint, part of Microsoft Office, creates and plays presentations. A
presentation is something a speaker makes to an audience, typically using a
computer and LCD projector to display material in a lecture hall or auditorium.
PowerPoint works a lot like Microsoft Word, and the assumption here is that you
are familiar with Word.

A PowerPoint presentation is made up of "slides" that are individual frames or

screens of information. To create a presentation, create the slides. A PowerPoint file
(*.ppt) is a collection of slides, typically for one and only one presentation,
although files can be linked together to make up compound presentations.

Features of Microsoft PowerPoint

PowerPoint is a highly innovative and versatile program that can ensure you a
successful communication whether you’re presenting in front of potential investors,
a lecture theatre or simply in front of your colleagues. Below are five features you
should be using – if you aren't already. Learn everything about these tips: they will
improve your presentation skills and allow you to communicate your message
successfully.
1) Adding Smart Art
Don’t confuse SmartArt with the similarly named WordArt. Where WordArt just
allows you to display text using a wide variety of different formats and effects,
SmartArt is a comprehensive and flexible business diagram tool that greatly
improves upon the ‘Diagram Gallery’ feature found in previous versions of Office.

2) Inserting Shapes
If you need to include some sort of diagram in your presentation, then the quickest
and easiest way is probably to use SmartArt. However, it is important to be able to
include shapes independently of SmartArt and worth being familiar with the various
Drawing Tool format options.

3) Inserting an Image 
Here are two content type icons which appear in new content Placeholders for
inserting pictures. You can Insert Picture from File or Insert Clip Art. Alternatively,
the Illustrations group of the Insert ribbon tab includes the same two tools. In
addition, PowerPoint 2010 has a new ‘Screenshot’ option that allows you to capture
an entire window or part of a window for inclusion on a slide. You can also copy
any image and just paste it directly to a slide.

4) Slide Transitions
Properly used, slide transitions can be make your presentations clearer and more
interesting and, where appropriate, more fun. Badly used, the effect of slide
transitions can be closer to irritating or even nauseating. Simple animation effects
are often used to add interest to bullet point text. Much more extreme animation
effects are available but, in most cases, should be used sparingly if at all. 

5) Adding Animations
Whereas the transition effects are limited to a single event per slide, animations can
be applied to every object on a slide – including titles and other text boxes. Many
objects can even have animation applied to different components, for example each
shape in a SmartArt graphic, each paragraph in a text box and each column in a
chart. Animations can be applied to three separate ‘events’ for each object.

Operating
System
 Introduction

The 1960’s definition of an operating system is “the software that controls the
hardware”. In brief, an operating system is the set of programs that controls a
computer. Some examples of operating systems are UNIX, Mach, MS-DOS, MS-
Windows, Windows/NT, Chicago, OS/2, Mac OS, VMS, MVS, and VM.

Controlling the computer involves software at several levels. We will differentiate

kernel services, library services, and application-level services, all of which are part
of the operating system. Processes run Applications, which are linked together with
libraries that perform standard services. The kernel supports the processes by
providing a path to the peripheral devices. The kernel responds to service calls from
the processes and interrupts from the devices. The core of the operating system is
the kernel, a control program that functions in privileged state (an execution context
that allows all hardware instructions to be executed), reacting to interrupts from
external devices and to service requests and traps from processes. Generally, the
kernel is a permanent resident of the computer. It creates and terminates processes
and responds to their request for service.

Operating Systems are resource managers. The main resource is computer hardware
in the form of processors, storage, input/output devices, communication devices,
and data. Some of the operating system functions are: implementing the user
interface, sharing hardware among users, allowing users to share data among
themselves, preventing users from interfering with one another, scheduling
resources among users, facilitating input/output, recovering from errors, accounting
for resource usage, facilitating parallel operations, organizing data for secure and
rapid access, and handling network communications.

Objectives of Operating Systems

Modern Operating systems generally have following three major goals. Operating
systems generally accomplish these goals by running processes in low privilege and
providing service calls that invoke the operating system kernel in high-privilege
state.

 To hide details of hardware by creating abstraction.

An abstraction is software that hides lower level details and provides a set of
higher-level functions.
 
 To allocate resources to processes (Manage resources)
An operating system controls how processes (the active agents) may
access resources (passive entities).
 
 Provide a pleasant and effective user interface.
The most important components of the user interface are the command
interpreter, the file system, on-line help, and application integration.

Internal and External Commands

In MS-DOS, there are two ways commands are executed: internally and externally.
An internal command is embedded into the command.com file, and an external
command, which is not and requires a separate file to operate.
For example, if your computer does not have the fdisk.exe file and you try using
the fdisk command, you will receive a "Bad command or file name" error message.
Fdisk is an external command that only works if fdisk.exe, or in some cases,
fdisk.com, is present.

Internal Command
An internal command is an MS-DOS command that is
stored in the system memory and loaded from the command.com or cmd.exe. The
illustration shows how commands contained within command.com are part of the
command.com file. However, with the external commands, each of the commands
are their own separate file. All of the internal commands are part of command.com
or cmd.exe (depending on your version of MS-DOS or Windows) and are not
separate files on the hard drive. As long as you can open a command line you can
run any of the Internal commands included with your version of MS-DOS or
Microsoft Windows.

External Command
An external command is an MS-DOS command that is
not included in command.com. External commands are commonly external either
because they require large requirements or are not commonly used commands. The
illustration shows each of the external commands are separate files. However, the
internal commands are all included in the command.com file. Many of the external
commands are located in the Windows\system32 or Winnt\system32 directories. If
you need to locate the external file to delete it, rename it or replace it, you can also
find the file through MS-DOS. As long as the file exists and you have the proper
paths, an external command runs just like an internal command by typing the
command name at the prompt. However, if the paths are not set properly or they are
missing because the command line would not know where to look for the external
command, you would get an error. Unless of course you were in the same directory
as the command.
Web page
designing using
HTML
 Introduction

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for

creating web pages and web applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS),
and JavaScript, it forms a triad of cornerstone technologies for the World Wide
Web.[1] Web browsers receive HTML documents from a webserver or from local
storage and render them into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure
of a web page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance of the
document.
HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML
constructs, images and other objects, such as interactive forms may be embedded
into the rendered page. It provides a means to create structured documents by
denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links,
quotes and other items. HTML elements are delineated by tags, written using angle
brackets. Tags such as  <img />  and  <input />  introduce content into the page
directly. Others such as  <p>...</p>  surround and provide information about
document text and may include other tags as sub-elements. Browsers do not display
the HTML tags, but use them to interpret the content of the page.
HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such
as JavaScript which affect the behavior and content of web pages. Inclusion of CSS
defines the look and layout of content. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C),
maintainer of both the HTML and the CSS standards, has encouraged the use of
CSS over explicit presentational HTML since 1997.
 Importance of HTML

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is use for formatting if you like spending a
long time doing online formatting and don't like CSS. HTML is the foundation of a
website it contains the information that tells the browser what is on the page in
terms of text, links, where to find images. It also gives priorities to text, is it a
header? Is it a paragraph? Is it a sub heading?

You can also style individual words in HTML to make them, bold, italic, underline
etc. It is like the skeleton of a webpage, it tells you what kind of creature you are
dealing with and how all the limbs are organized.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheet), is a sheet of instructions that tells you how your
webpage is organized and what it looks like in more detail. It adds the skin, eyes,
hair and clothes to our skeleton HTML. You can change the color/font/size/style of
large chunks of text at a time. You can use it to move blocks of text and pictures
around on your page. You can also use coding shortcuts (like book strap) to make
this even easier.

And finally Java script is the muscles and ligaments of our creature. It animates
webpages, making menus appear and disappear.

If you are really interested then websites like code academy or one of a thousand
phone apps will teach you more and let you play with the code yourself.