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English
Quarter 4 – Module 4:
Synthesizing Information
from Various Sources

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 What I know
Directions: A. Match the terms in column A with their meanings/descriptions
in column B. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
SET 1 A B
_____1. Synthesize a. to give credit
_____2. Summarize b. to shorten
_____3. Merge c. to restate
_____4. Paraphrase d. to merge existing knowledge to newly
learned information
_____5. cite e. to plan a text by writing its parts
_____6. Outline f. to unite or combine

SET 2 A B
_____7. Venn diagram a. A strategy that is used to compare and
contrast information from two different sources.
_____8. READ method b. A strategy that involves the identification
of information that is already known and
information learned during the reading process
and discussion.
_____9. ADD method c. A strategy that involves recording and
editing of notes and combining them with the
newly learned knowledge.

What’s In
Activity: Word Hunt
Directions: The puzzle grid includes eight words in relation to synthesizing. Find
them and write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
W R F G S F H U T Y U I
S Y N T H E S I Z E G N
Y U F G I O H B D G H F
T S U M M A R I Z E U O
A D E F G U H V B I K M
S A E I T O G H B N C A
P A R A P H R A S E N T
E D A S W X Z R O U I I
O U T L I N E R U Y T O
C N U H I O M E R G E N
S A F R E G Y H C J B U
M R E A D I F D E E T R

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What’s New
When you discuss a topic, you subconsciously dig information about it from
your memories, from the books or articles that you read, from something that you
watched or simply from the conversations that you heard of or participated in. In
such activity, you apply strategies of synthesizing and most often, you come up with
a nice discussion containing a mix of facts and essential ideas.
This module will help you organize learned information from various sources
and merge them with your ideas to enable you to fluently deliver your thoughts in
speaking and writing.

What is It
Take time reading the information below.

What is Synthesizing?
Synthesizing is similar to cooking. When you cook, you get the raw ingredients
to make a dish. When you synthesize, you get what you already know and mix it with
what you have learned to create a new idea.
Synthesize -to combine
-to make something out of the union or combination of elements
-to write or speak a discussion of ideas by merging learned information
with newly learned information

Essential Skills in Synthesizing Information

 Summarize - to shorten long information by covering the main points
briefly
When you summarize what you have learned from a
source, you keep the relevant information and key points and
make your statement as brief and as concise as possible.

 Paraphrase- to restate a text or passage in your own words

To apply your personal style of speaking or writing in an
information taken from a source, you may consider
paraphrasing. To paraphrase is to say again a passage through a
different manner without losing its meaning.

 Cite- to mention, to recognize, to acknowledge, to give credit

Copying the exact statement that you read without giving
credit to its source results to plagiarism (literary theft, stealing of
idea). To avoid this, make sure that you give proper recognition
to the source of the information through citation. You may use
the following phrases when you cite your sources: according to,
based on, as said by.

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  Merge- to combine, to unite
Merging does not only require placing ideas next to another, it
is the combining of ideas logically and coherently through the proper
use of transitional devices.

 Outline- to indicate the different parts of a passage

Outline is basically a plan. It represents the structure of what
you are going to write beforehand. To clearly set the ideas and
information that you will include in your writing activity, it is best to
use an outline as your guide.

Simple Synthesizing Strategies (SSS)

1. REST Method

R-read different sources and record ideas.

E-edit notes and combine sources that are similar.
S-synthesize by combining your notes with your existing knowledge about the
topic.
T-think about new ideas and combine them with what you have learned.

2. Venn Diagram

Venn Diagram is a graph that uses two or more overlapping circles to

represent the connection between two sources by listing down their similarities

and difference

Paragraph 1 Paragraph 1 & 2 Paragraph 2

Similar
dissimilar ideas ideas dissimilar ideas

3. ADD Method

A- Already know (what you already know about the topic)

D- During reading (what you learned during reading about the topic)

D- During discussion (what you learned during the discussion of the topic)

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DOs and DON’Ts in Synthesizing

DOs

a. Introduce the paragraph with a clear and focused topic sentence.

b. Mention only the most relevant findings of the studies that were used as
references.
c. Discuss the similarities or difference between the sources.
d. Apply logical transition from one paragraph to another.

DON’Ts

a. Describe every part of the studies (references).

b. Summarize each source in turn.
c. Directly copy the findings or arguments of the source.
d. Organize the paragraph around multiple ideas.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill the diagram with the things you have understood about the
lesson.

Things that I learned

Synthesizing is…

The three synthesizing

strategies are…

To synthesize information, I
should…

What I Can Do
Activity: Write Now Right Now
Directions: Write a short passage explaining the word “hiya” by referring to your
notes in the Steps to Synthesize Activity. Apply the skills you have learned in your
previous lessons about writing. Your activity will be graded based on the following
criteria.
Criteria 1 2 3 4
Focus/ The essay poorly The essay is focused The essay is The essay is
Main Point addresses topic and on topic and focused on the focused,
includes irrelevant includes few topic and purposeful, and
ideas. reflects clear

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 loosely related includes insight and
ideas. relevant ideas. ideas.
Language Use Many errors in Contains frequent Uses correct Uses correct
(Sentence grammar, spelling, errors in grammar, grammar, grammar,
structure, word and punctuation, spelling, and spelling, and spelling,
choice, grammar, make reader’s punctuation punctuation with punctuation
spelling, comprehension few errors throughout with
punctuation) difficult very few errors

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Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer using a separate sheet of
paper.
1. What action is similar to synthesizing?
A. driving B. eating C. cooking D. cleaning
2. What writing skill is applied when you combine what you already know and
what you read from different sources in discussing a topic?
A. summarizing B. paraphrasing C. outlining D. synthesizing
3. What writing skill is applied when you restate a statement in your own
words?
A. summarizing B. paraphrasing C. outlining D. synthesizing
4. What is considered to be a plan in writing that represents what you are
going to write beforehand?
A. summarizing B. paraphrasing C. outlining D. synthesizing
5. Which of the following should be done when you synthesize information?
A. Describe every part of the studies (references).
B. Summarize each source in turn.
C. Directly copy the findings or arguments of the source.
D. Apply logical transition from one paragraph to another.

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 Answer Key

(1) What I Know (2) What’s New (3) What I Have Learned
A Sample answers
1. D  SYNTHESIZE  Synthesizing is getting
2. B  SUMMARIZE what you already know
3. F  PARAPHRASE and mixing it with what
4. C  OUTLINE you have learned to create
5. A  MERGE a new idea.
6. E  READ  The three synthesizing
 SOURCE strategies are the REST
7. A
 INFORMATION method, ADD method and
8. C
Venn Diagram.
9. B  To synthesize
information, I should
introduce the paragraph
with a clear and focused
topic sentence, mention
only the most relevant
findings of the studies
that were used as
references, discuss the
similarities or difference
between the sources, and
apply logical transition
from one paragraph to
another.
(4) What I Can Do
Answers vary

(5) Assessment

1. C
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. D

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