DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
I – NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
1. Intellectual Disabilities
2. Communication Disorders
3. Autism Spectrum Disorders
Intellectual Disability
• Intellectual Disability (intellectual
developmental disorder) is characterized by
deficits in general mental abilities
• The deficits result in impairments of adaptive
functioning
o Conceptual
o Practical
o Social
• Onset of intellectual and adaptive deficits
during the developmental period
Communication Disorders
• Language disorder, Speech Sound Disorder,
Social (pragmatic) Communication Disorder
characterized by deficits in the development
and use of language, speech, and social
communication, respectively
• Childhood-onset fluency Disorder (stuttering)
characterized by disturbances of the normal
fluency and motor production of speech
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
• Characterized by persistent deficits in social
communication and social interaction across
multiple contexts deficits in social reciprocity,
nonverbal communicative behaviors used for
social interaction, and skills in developing,
maintaining, and understanding relationships
• Presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of
behavior, interests, or activities
4. Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
5. Specific Learning Disorders
6. Motor Disorders
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
• Defined by impairing levels of inattention,
disorganization, and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity
• Inattention and disorganization entail inability
to stay on task, seeming not to listen, and losing
materials, at levels that are inconsistent with
age or developmental level
• Hyperactivity-impulsivity entails overactivity,
fidgeting, inability to stay seated, intruding into
other people’s activities, and inability to wait –
symptoms that are excessive for age or
developmental level.
Specific Learning Disorder (SLD)
• Diagnosed when there are specific deficits in an
individual’s ability to perceive or process
information efficiently and accurately
• Characterized by persistent and impairing
difficulties with learning foundational academic
skills in reading, writing, and/or math
• First manifests during the years of formal
schooling
Motor Disorder
• Developmental Coordination Disorder
o Deficits in the acquisition and execution
of coordinated motor skills and is
manifested by clumsiness and slowness
or inaccuracy of performance of motor
skills that cause interference with
activities of daily living
• Stereotypic Movement Disorder
o Repetitive, seemingly driven, and
apparently purposeless motor behaviors
• Tic Disorders
o Characterized by the presence of motor
or vocal tics
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
II – SCHIZOPRHENIA SPECTRUM AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS
• A spectrum as it applies to mental disorder is a range of linked conditions, sometimes also extending to include
singular symptoms and traits
1. Schizotypal Personality Disorder
2. Schizophrenia
3. Delusional Disorder
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
• Pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal
deficits
• Cognitive or perceptual distortions
• Eccentricities of behavior usually beginning by
early adulthood but in some cases, firsts
becoming apparent in childhood adolescence
• Abnormalities of beliefs, thinking, and
perception are below the threshold for the
diagnosis of a psychotic disorder
Delusional Disorder
• Characterized by at least 1 month of delusions
but no other psychotic symptoms
• The person has not met the criteria for
schizophrenia
• Functional impairment within the specific
impact of delusion
• The duration of manic and depressive episodes
have been brief relative to the duration of
delusion
Brief Psychotic Disorder
• On or more symptoms of schizophrenia that
lasts more than 1 day and remits by 1 month
4. Schizoaffective Disorder
5. Schizophreniform Disorder
Schizophreniform Disorder
• Characterized by a symptomatic presentation
equivalent to that of schizophrenia expect for
its duration (less than 6 months) and the
absence of a requirement for a decline in
functioning
Schizophrenia
• Two or more of the following symptoms for at
least 1 month; one symptom should be either
1, 2, or 3:
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized Speech
4. Disorganized (catatonic) Behavior
5. Negative Symptoms (diminished motivation
or emotional expression)
• Functional impairment in one or more areas
• Signs of disorder for at least 6 months
Schizoaffective Disorder
• A mood episode and the active-phase
symptoms of schizophrenia occur together and
were preceded or are followed by at least 2
weeks of delusions or hallucination without
prominent mood symptoms
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
III – BIPOLAR DISORDERS
1. Bipolar I
2. Bipolar II
3. Cyclothymic Disorder

Bipolar I Cyclothymic Disorder

• At least one episode of mania or mixed episode • At least two years (one year for children and
in DSM-IV-TR adolescence)
• More severe • Numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms
Bipolar II that do not meet criteria for hypomanic
• At least one episode of hypomania and one episode
episode of major depressive episode • Numerous periods with depressive symptoms
that do not meet the criteria for a major
depressive episode
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
IV – DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
1. Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
2. Major Depressive Disorder
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
• The core feature of disruptive dysregulation
disorder is chronic, severe persistent irritability
The severe irritability has two prominent
clinical manifestations
o Frequent temper outbursts
o Chronic, persistently irritable or angry
mood that is present between the
severe temper outbursts
Major Depressive Disorder
• Sad mood or loss of pleasure in usual activities.
At least five symptoms (counting sad mood and
loss of pleasure):
o Sleeping too much or too little
o Psychomotor retardation or agitation
o Weight loss or change in appetite
o Loss of energy
o Feelings of worthlessness or excessive
guilt
o Difficulty in concentrating, thinking, or
making decisions
o Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
o Symptoms are present neatly every day,
most of the day, for at least 2 weeks
o Functional impairment
3. Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
4. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
• Depressed mood for most of the day more than
half of the time for 2 years (or 1 year for
children and adolescents) At least two of the
following during that time:
o Poor appetite or overeating
o Sleeping too much or too little
o Poor self-esteem
o Low energy
o Trouble concentrating or making
decisions
o Feelings of hopelessness
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
• The essential features of premenstrual
dysphoric are the expression of mood lability,
irritability, dysphoria, and anxiety symptoms
that occur repeatedly during the premenstrual
phase of the cycle and remit around the onset
of menses or shortly thereafter
• These symptoms may be accompanied by
behavioral and physical symptoms
• The symptoms are associated with clinically
significant distress or interference with work,
school, usual social activities, or relationships
with others
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
V – ANXIETY DISORDERS
1. Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
2. Specific Phobia
3. Panic Disorder
4. Agoraphobia
Social Anxiety Disorder
• Marked by disproportionate fear consistently
triggered by exposure to potential social
scrutiny
• Exposure to the trigger leads to intense anxiety
about being evaluated negatively
• Trigger situations are avoided or else endured
with intense anxiety
• Symptoms persist for at least 6 months
• The fear, anxiety or avoidance causes clinically
significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of
functioning
• Not better explained by the symptoms of
another mental disorder
• If another medical condition is present, the fear,
anxiety, or avoidance is clearly unrelated or is
excessive
Specific Phobia
• Marked and disproportionate fear consistently
triggered by specific objects or situations
• The object or situation is avoided or else
endured with intense anxiety
• Symptoms persist for at least 6 months
• The fear, anxiety or avoidance causes clinically
significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of
functioning
• Not better explained by the symptoms of
another mental disorder
5. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
6. Selective Mutism
7. Separation Anxiety Disorder
Panic Disorder
• Recurrent unexpected panic attacks
• At least 1 month of concern about the
possibility of more attacks, worry about the
consequences of an attack, or maladaptive
behavioral changes because of the attacks
Agoraphobia
• Disproportionate and marked fear or anxiety
about at least 2 situations where it would be
difficult to escape or receive help in the event
of incapacitation, embarrassing symptoms, or
panic-like symptoms
• Such as: Being outside of the home alone;
travelling on the public transportation; being in
open spaces such as parking lots and
marketplaces; being in enclosed spaces such as
shops, theaters, or cinemas, or standing in line
or being in a crowd
• These situations consistently provoke fear or
anxiety
• These situations are avoided, require presence
of companion, or are endured with intense fear
or anxiety
• Symptoms last at least 6 months
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• Excessive anxiety and worry at least 50% of
days about a number of events or activities
• The person finds it hard to control the worry
• The worry is sustained for at least 6 months
• The anxiety and worry are associated with at
least three (or one in children) of the following:
restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge,
easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating or mind
going blank, irritability, muscle tension, sleep
disturbance
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
Selective Mutism
• Characterized by consistent failure to speak in
social situations in which there is an
expectation to speak (e.g., school) even though
the individual speaks in other situations
• This interferes with the normal social
communication
• The duration of the disturbance is at least 1
month
• The failure to speak is not attributed to a lack
of knowledge of, or comfort with, the spoken
language required in the social situation
• The disturbance is not better be explained by a
communication disorder (e.g., childhood onset
fluency disorder) and does not occur exclusively
during the course of autism spectrum disorder,
schizophrenia, or another psychotic disorder
Separation Anxiety Disorder
• Developmentally inappropriate and excessive
fear or anxiety concerning separation from
those to whom the individual is attached
• The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent,
lasting at least 4 weeks in children and
adolescents and typically 6 months or more in
adults
• The disturbance causes clinically significant
distress or impairment in social, academic,
occupational, or other important areas of
functioning
• The disturbance is not better explained by
other mental disorder
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
VI – OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS
1. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
2. Body Dysmorphic Disorder
3. Hoarding Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Characterized by obsessions and compulsions
Obsessions
o Are intrusive and recurring thoughts,
images, or impulses that are persistent
and uncontrollable
Compulsions
o Are repetitive, clearly excessive
behaviors or mental acts that the
person feels driven to perform to
reduce the anxiety caused by the
obsessive thoughts or to prevent some
calamity from occurring
o Pursuing cleanliness and
orderliness, sometimes through
elaborate rituals
o Performing repetitive, magically
protective acts, such as
counting or touching a body
part
o Repetitive checking to ensure
that certain acts are carried out
• The obsessions and compulsions are time
consuming and cause significant distress and
impairment
• Not attributable to direct physiological effects of
substances or any medical condition
• Not better be explained by other mental
disorder
4. Hair-Pulling (Trichotillomania) Disorder
5. Skin-Picking (Excoriation) Disorder
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
• Preoccupation with one or more perceived
defects in appearance
• The person has performed repetitive behaviors
or mental acts (e.g., mirror checking, seeking
reassurance, pr excessive grooming) in response
• The preoccupation with appearance can
interfere with many aspects of occupational
and social functioning
• Preoccupation is not restricted to concerns
about weight or body fat
Hoarding Disorder
• Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with
possessions, regardless of their actual value
• Perceived need to save items and distress
associated with discarding
• The symptoms result in the accumulation of a
large number of possessions that clutter active
spaces to the extent that their intended use is
compromised unless others intervene
• Not attributable to any medical condition
• Not better explained by another mental
disorder
Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling) Disorder
• Recurrent pulling of one’s hair, resulting in hair
loss
• Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair
pulling
• Functional impairment and significant distress
• Not attributable to any medical condition
• Not better be explained by the symptoms of
another mental disorder
Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder
• Recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions
• Repeated attempts to decrease or stop skin
picking
• Functional impairment and significant distress
• Not attributable to any medical condition
• Not better be explained by the symptoms of
another mental disorder
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
VII – TRAUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS
1. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
2. Acute Stress Disorder
3. Adjustment Disorder
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
• Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious
injury, or sexual violence
• Presence of intrusion symptoms (1)
• Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with
the traumatic events (1)
• Negative alterations in cognitions and mood
associated with the traumatic events (2)
• Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity
associated with the traumatic events (2)
• Duration is more than one month
• Functional impairment
• Not attributable to physiological effects of
substance or any medical condition
Acute Stress Disorder
• Fairly similar to those PTSD, but the duration is
shorter
• Symptoms occur between 3 days and 1 month
after a trauma
4. Reactive Attachment Disorder
5. Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
Adjustment Disorder
• The development of emotional or behavioral
symptoms in response to an identifiable
stressor(s) occurring within 3 months of the
onset of the stressor(s)
• These symptoms or behaviors are clinically
significant, as evidenced by one or both of the
following:
• Marked distress that is out of proportion to the
severity or intensity of the stressor
• Significant impairment in social, occupational,
or other important areas of functioning.
• The stress-related disturbance does not meet
the criteria for another mental disorder and is
not merely an exacerbation of a preexisting
mental disorder
• The symptoms do not represent normal
bereavement
• Once the stressor or its consequences have
terminated, the symptoms do not persist for
more than an additional 6 months
Reactive Attachment Disorder
• Absence or grossly underdeveloped attachment
between the child and putative caregiving
adults
• A persistent social and emotional disturbance
characterized
• The child has experienced a pattern of extremes
of insufficient care
• The disturbance is evident before age 5 years
• The child has a developmental age of at least 9
months
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
• A pattern of behavior in which a child actively
approaches and interacts with unfamiliar
adults
• The behaviors are not limited to impulsivity
• The child has experienced a pattern of extremes
of insufficient care
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
VIII – DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS
1. Dissociative Amnesia
2. Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
3. Dissociative Identity Disorder
Dissociative Amnesia
• Inability to remember important personal
information, usually of a traumatic or stressful
nature that is too extensive to be ordinary
forgetfulness
• Functional impairment and significant distress
• The amnesia is not explained by substances or
medical condition
• Not better explained another psychological
conditions
• Specify if dissociative fugue subtype if:
o the amnesia is associated with
bewildered or apparently purposeful
wandering
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
• Presence of persistent and recurrent
experiences of depersonalization and
derealization
Depersonalization
o Experiences of detachment from one’s
mental processes or body, as though
one is in a dream
Derealization
o Experiences of unreality of
surroundings
• Reality testing remains intact
• Significant distress and functional impairment
• Symptoms are not explained by substances, or
medical condition
• Not better explained by another dissociative
disorder, another psychological disorder, or by a
medical condition
Dissociative Identity Disorder
• Disruption of identity characterized by two or
more distinct personality states (alters) or an
experience of possession. This disruption may
be observed by others or reported by the
patient
• Recurrent gaps in recalling events or important
personal information that are beyond ordinary
forgetting
• Functional impairment
• Symptoms are not part of a broadly accepted
cultural or religious practice, and are not due to
drugs or a medical condition (in children,
symptoms are not better be explained by
imaginary playmate or by fantasy play)
• Not attributable to physiological effects of
substance or another medical condition
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
IX – SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS
1. Somatic Symptom Disorder
2. Illness Anxiety Disorder
Somatic Symptom Disorder
• One or more somatic symptoms that are
distressing or result in significant disruption in
daily life
• Excessive thoughts, feelings or behaviors related
to the seriousness of the somatic symptoms as
manifested in at least 1 of the following:
o Persistent thoughts about the
seriousness of the of one’s symptoms
o Persistently high level of anxiety about
health or symptoms
o Excessive time or energy devoted to
these symptoms
• Duration of at least 6 months
Illness Anxiety Disorder
• Preoccupation with fears of having a serious
disease
• No significant somatic symptoms present
• High level of anxiety about health
• These fears must lead to excessive care seeking
or maladaptive avoidance behaviors
• Duration of at least 6 months
• Not better explained by another mental
disorder
3. Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological
Symptom Disorder)
4. Factitious Disorder
Conversion Disorder
• One or more symptoms affecting voluntary
motor or sensory function
o People may experience partial or
complete paralysis of arms or legs;
seizures and coordination disturbances;
a sensation of prickling, tingling, or
creeping on the skin; insensitivity to
pain; or anesthesia
• The symptoms are incompatible with
recognized medical disorder
o When a patient reports a neurological
symptom, it is important to assess
whether that symptom has a true
neurological basis
• Not better explained by another medical
condition
• Functional impairment and significant distress
Factitious Disorder
• People with this disorder fake or manufacture
physical or psychological symptoms, but
without any apparent motive
• The person presents himself to others as ill or
injured
• Deceptive behavior is evident
• Not better explained by another mental
disorder
Factitious Disorder Subtypes
Factitious Disorder on self (Münchausen
Syndrome)
• The person presents himself or herself to
others as ill, impaired, or injured
Factitious Disorder imposed on another
• The person fabricates symptoms in another
person and then presents that the person
to other as ill, impaired, or injured
NOTE: Factitious Disorder is not as the same as
Malingering. Because malingering is motivated by
external rewards or intensives, it is not considered a
mental disorder within the DSM framework
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
X – FEEDING AND EATING DISORDERS
1. Pica Disorder
2. Rumination Disorder
3. Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Pica Disorder
• Persistent eating of nonnutritive, nonfood
substances over a period of at least 1 month
• Inappropriate to the developmental level of the
individual (A minimum age of 2 years is
suggested for a pica diagnosis)
• The eating behavior is not part of a culturally
supported or socially normative practice
• If the eating behavior occurs in the context of
another mental disorder, it is sufficiently severe
to warrant additional clinical attention
Rumination Disorder
• Repeated regurgitation of food over a period of
at least 1 month. Regurgitated food may be
rechewed, re-swallowed, or spit out
• The repeated regurgitation is not attributable
to an associated gastrointestinal or other
medical condition (e.g., gastroesophageal
reflux, pyloric stenosis)
• The eating disturbance does not occur
exclusively during the course of other eating
disorders
• If the symptoms occur in the context of another
mental disorder, they are sufficient severe to
warrant additional clinical attention
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
• Avoidance of restriction of food intake
manifested by clinically significant failure to
meet the requirements for nutrition or
insufficient energy intake through oral intake of
food
• The disturbance is not better explained by lack
of available food or by an associated culturally
sanctioned practice
• The eating disturbance does not occur
exclusively during the course of other eating
disorders
• The eating disturbance is not attributable to a
concurrent medical condition or better
explained by other mental disorder
4. Anorexia Nervosa
5. Bulimia Nervosa
6. Binge-eating Disorder
Anorexia Nervosa
• Restriction of food that leads to very low body
weight is significantly below normal
• Intense fear of weight gain or persistent
behavior that interferes with weight gain, even
though at a significantly low weight
• Body image disturbance or persistent lack of
recognition of the seriousness of the current
low body weight
Bulimia Nervosa
• Recurrent episodes of binge eating
• Recurrent compensatory behaviors to prevent
weight gain (e.g., vomiting,)
• The binge eating and inappropriate
compensatory behaviors both occur, on
average, at least once a week for 3 months
• Body shape and weight are extremely
important for self-evaluation
• The disturbance does not occur exclusively
during the episodes of anorexia nervosa
Binge Eating Disorder
• Recurrent binge eating episodes
• Binge eating episodes include at least three of
the following:
o Eating more quickly than usual
o Eating until over full
o Eating large amounts even if not hungry
o Eating alone due to embarrassment
about large food quantity
o Feeling bad (e.g., disgusted, guilty, or
depressed) after the binge
o No compensatory behavior is present
• Marked distress regarding binge eating is
present
• The binge eating occurs, on average, at least
once a week for 3 months
• The binge eating is not associated with the
recurrent use of inappropriate compensatory
behavior as in bulimia and does not occur
exclusively during the course of bulimia
nervosa or anorexia nervosa
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
XI – SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS
1. Disorders Involving Sexual Interest, Desire, and
Arousal
• Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder
• Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
• Erectile Disorder
Disorders Involving Sexual Interest, Desire, and Arousal
Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder
• Diminished, absent, or reduced
frequency of at least three of the
following for 6 months or more:
o Interest in sexual activity
o Erotic thoughts or fantasies
o Initiation of sexual activity
and responsiveness to
partner’s attempt to initiate
o Sexual excitement/pleasure
during the 75% of sexual
encounters
o Sexual interest/arousal
elicited by any internal or
external erotic cues
o Genital or non-genital
sensations during the 75%
of sexual encounters
Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
• Persistently or recurrently deficient
(or absent) sexual/erotic thoughts
or fantasies and desire for sexual
activity. The judgement of
deficiency is made by the clinician
• The symptoms in Criterion A have
persisted for a minimum duration
of approximately 6 months
• The symptoms in Criterion A cause
significant distress in the individual
• The sexual dysfunction is not better
explained by a nonsexual mental
disorder or as a consequence of
severe relationship distress or
other significant stressors and is not
attributable to the effects of a
substance/medication or another
medical condition
2. Orgasmic Disorders
• Female Orgasmic Disorder
• Early Ejaculation
• Delayed Ejaculation Disorder
3. Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder
Erectile Disorder
• On at least 75% of sexual occasions
for 6 months:
o Inability to attain an
erection, or
o Inability to maintain an
erection for completion of
sexual activity, or
o Marked decreased in
erectile rigidity interferes
with penetration or
pleasure
Orgasmic Disorders
Female Orgasmic Disorder
• On at least 75% of sexual occasions
for 6 months:
o Marked delay, infrequency,
or absence of orgasm, or
o Markedly reduced intensity
of orgasmic sensation
Early Ejaculation
• Tendency to ejaculate during the
partnered sexual activity within 1
minute of sexual activity on at least
75% of sexual occasions for 6
months
Delayed Ejaculation Disorder
• Marked delay, infrequency, or
absence of orgasm on at least 75%
of sexual occasion for 6 months
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder
• Persistent or recurrent difficulties for at least 6 months with at least one of the following:
o Inability to have vaginal/penetration during the intercourse
o Marked vulvovaginal or pelvic pain during vaginal penetration or intercourse attempts
o Marked fear or anxiety about pain or penetration
o Marked tensing of the pelvic floor muscles during the attempted vaginal penetration
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
XII- PARAPHILLIC DISORDERS
1. Exhibitionistic Disorder
2. Voyeuristic Disorder
3. Sexual Masochism Disorder
4. Sexual Sadism Disorder
Exhibitionist Disorder
• Over a period of time of at least 6 months,
recurrent and intense sexual arousal from
exposure of one’s genitals to an unsuspecting
person, as manifested by fantasies, urges, or
behaviors
• The individual has acted on these sexual urges
with a nonconsenting person, or the sexual
urges or fantasies cause clinically significant
distress or impairment in social, occupational,
or other important areas of functioning
Voyeuristic Disorder
• Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent
and intense sexual arousal from observing an
unsuspecting person who is naked, in the
process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual
activity, as manifested by fantasies, urges, or
behaviors
• The individual has acted upon on these sexual
urges with a nonconsenting person, or the
sexual urges or fantasies cause clinically
significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of
functioning
• The individual experiencing the arousal and/or
acting on the urges is at least 18 years of age
Sexual Masochism Disorder
• Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent
and intense sexual arousal form the act of
being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise
made to suffer, as manifested by fantasies,
urges, or behaviors
• The fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors cause
significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of
functioning
5. Fetishistic Disorder
6. Frotteuristic Disorder
7. Transvestic Disorder
8. Pedophilic Disorder
Sexual Sadism Disorder
• Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent
and intense sexual arousal from the physical or
psychological suffering of another person, as
manifested by fantasies, urges, or behaviors
• The individual has acted on these sexual urges
with a nonconsenting person or the sexual
urges or fantasies cause clinically significant
distress or impairment in social, occupational,
or other important areas of functioning
Fetishistic Disorder
• Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent
and intense sexual arousal from the either the
use of nonliving objects or highly specific focus
on non-genital body part(s), as manifested by
fantasies, urges, or behaviors
• The fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors cause
clinically significant distress or impairment in
social, occupational, or other important areas of
functioning
• The fetish objects are not limited to articles of
clothing used in cross-dressing (as in transvestic
disorder) or devices specifically designed for
the purpose of tactile genital stimulation (e.g.,
vibrator)
Frotteuristic Disorder
• Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent
and intense arousal from touching or rubbing
against a nonconsenting person, as manifested
by fantasies, urges, or behaviors
• The individual has acted on these sexual urges
with a nonconsenting person, or the sexual
urges or fantasies cause clinically significant
distress or impairment in social, occupational,
or other important areas of functioning
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
Transvestic Disorder
• Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent
intense sexual arousal from cross-dressing, as
manifested by fantasies, urges, or behaviors
• The fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors cause
clinically significant distress or impairment in
social, occupational, or other important areas of
functioning
Pedophilic Disorder
• Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent,
intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual
urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity
with a prepubescent child or children
(generally age 13 years or younger)
• The individual has acted on these sexual urges,
or the sexual urges or fantasies caused marked
distress or interpersonal difficulty
• The individual is at least age 16 years and at
least 5 years older than the child or children in
Criterion A
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
XIII – GENDER DYSPHORIA
• A marked incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed gender assigned gender, of at least 6 months
duration
o Strong desire to be a member of the other gender or strongly expressing the belief that one is a
member of the other gender
o Strong preferences for playing with the members of the other gender and for toys, games, and
activities associated with the other gender
o Strong feelings of disgust and personal distress about one’s sexual anatomy
o Strong desires to have physical characteristics associated with one’s experienced gender
o Strong preferences for assuming roles of the other gender in make believe or fantasy play
o Strong preferences for wearing clothing typically associated with the other gender and rejection of
clothing associated with one’s own gender
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
XIV – DISRUPTIVE, IMPULSE CONTROL AND CONDUCT DISORDERS
1. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
2. Intermittent Explosive Disorder
3. Conduct Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
• A pattern of angry/irritable mood,
argumentative/defiant behavior, or
vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months
• The disturbance in behavior is associated with
distress
• The behaviors do not occur exclusively during
the course of a psychotic, substance use,
depressive, or bipolar disorder. Also, the criteria
are not met for disruptive mood dysregulation
disorder
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
• Recurrent behavioral outbursts representing
failure to control aggressive impulses
• The magnitude of aggressiveness expressed
during the recurrent outbursts is grossly out of
proportion to the provocation
• The recurrent aggressive outbursts are not
premeditated and are not committed to
achieve some tangible objective
4. Antisocial Personality Disorder (which is
described in the chapter “Personality
Disorders”)
5. Pyromania
6. Kleptomania
Conduct Disorder
• A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior
in which the basic rights of others or major age
– appropriate societal norms or rules are
violated, as manifested by the presence of the
following criteria in the past 12 months; 6
months duration:
o Aggression to people and animals
o Destruction of property
o Deceitfulness of theft
o Serious Violations of Rules
• Functional impairment
• If the individual is age 18 years or older, criteria
are not met for antisocial personality disorder
Pyromania
• Deliberate and purposeful fire setting on more
than one occasion
• Tension or affective arousal before the act
• Fascination with, interest in, curiosity about, or
attraction to fire and its situational contexts
• Pleasure, gratification, or relief when setting
fires or when witnessing or participating in their
aftermath
Kleptomania
• Recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal
objects that are not needed for personal use or
for their monetary value
• Increasing sense of tension immediately before
committing the theft
• Pleasure, gratification, or relief at the time of
committing the theft
• The stealing is not committed to express anger
or vengeance and is not response to a delusion
or a hallucination
• The stealing is not better explained by conduct
disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial
personality disorder
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
XV – SUBSTANCE-RELATED AND ADDICTIVE DISORDERS
1. Substance Use Disorder
2. Gambling Disorder

Substance Use Disorder

• A maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress
• Recurrent substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous (e.g., driving an automobile or
operating a machine when impaired by substance use)
• Continued use leading to impairment in school or work
• Development of tolerance
• Characteristics withdrawal syndrome depending on substance
• Persistent desire to cut down or decrease substance use
• Drug-seeking behavior

Gambling Disorder
• Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress,
as indicated by the individual exhibiting four or more of the symptoms
• The gambling behavior is not better explained by a manic episode
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
XVI – PERSONALITY DISORDERS
Cluster A. Odd/Eccentric Cluster B. Dramatic/Erratic
1. Paranoid Personality 1. Antisocial Personality
Disorder Disorder
2. Schizoid Personality 2. Borderline Personality
Disorder Disorder
3. Schizotypal Personality 3. Histrionic Personality
Disorder Disorder
4. Narcissistic Personality
Disorder
Cluster C. Fearful/Anxious
1. Avoidant Personality
Disorder
2. Dependent Personality
Disorder
3. Obsessive-Compulsive
Personality Disorder

CLUSTER A. ODD/ECCENTRIC

Paranoid Personality Disorder Schizoid Personality Disorder

• Presence of four or more of the following signs
of distrust and suspiciousness, beginning by
early adulthood and shown in many contexts:
o Unjustified suspiciousness of being
harmed, deceived, or exploited
o Unwarranted doubts about loyalty or
trustworthiness of friends or associates
o Reluctance to confide in others because
of suspiciousness
o The tendency to read hidden meanings
into the benign actions of others
o Bears grudges for perceived wrongs
o Angry reactions to perceived attacks on
character or reputation
o Unwarranted suspiciousness of the
fidelity of partner
• Presence of four or more of the following signs
of interpersonal detachment and restricted
emotion are present from early adulthood
across many contexts:
o Lack of desire for or enjoyment of close
relationships
o Almost always prefers solitude to
companionship
o Little interest in sex
o Few or no pleasurable activities
o Lack of friends
o Indifference to praise or criticism
o Flat affect, emotional detachment
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
• Presence of five or more of the following in
many contexts beginning in early adulthood:
o Ideas of reference
o Odd beliefs or magical thinking (e.g.,
belief in extrasensory perception)
o Unusual perceptions (e.g., distorted
feelings about one’s body)
o Odd patterns of though and speech
o Suspiciousness or paranoia
o Inappropriate or restricted affect
o Odd or eccentric behavior or
appearance
o Lack of close friends
o Anxiety around other people, which
does not diminish with familiarity
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
CLUSTER B. DRAMATIC/ERRATIC
Antisocial Personality Disorder
• Age at least 18
• Evidence of Conduct Disorder before the age 15
• Pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of
others since the age of 15 as shown by at least
three of the following:
o Repeated law breaking
o Deceitfulness, lying
o Impulsivity
o Irritability and aggressiveness
o Reckless disregard for own safety and
that of others
o Irresponsibility as seen in unreliable
employment or financial history
Borderline Personality Disorder
• Presence of five or more of the following in
many contexts beginning by the early
adulthood:
o Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
o Unstable interpersonal relationships in
which others are either idealized or
devalued
o Unstable sense of self
o Self-damaging, impulsive behaviors in at
least two areas, such as spending, sex,
substance abuse, reckless driving, and
binge eating
o Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or
self-injurious behavior (e.g., cutting self)
o Marked mood reactivity
o Chronic feelings or emptiness
o Recurrent bursts of intense or poorly
controlled anger
o During stress, a tendency to experience
transient paranoid thoughts and
dissociative symptoms
Histrionic Personality Disorder
• Presence of five or more of the following signs
of excessive emotionality and attention seeking
shown in many contexts by early adulthood:
o Strong need to be the center of
attention
o Inappropriate sexually seductive
behavior
o Rapidly shifting expressions of emotions
o Use of physical appearance to draw
attention to self
o Speech that is excessively
impressionistic and lacking in detail
o Exaggerated, theatrical emotional
expression
o Overly suggestible
o Misreads relationships as more intimate
than they are
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
• Presence or five or more of the following
shown by early adulthood in many contexts:
o Grandiose view of one’s importance
o Preoccupation with one’s success,
brilliance, beauty
o Belief that one is special and can be
understood only by other high-status
people
o Extreme need for admiration
o Strong sense of entitlement
o Tendency to exploit others
o Lack of empathy
o Envious of others
o Arrogant behaviors or attitudes
 DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
CLUSTER C. ANXIOUS/FEARFUL

Avoidant Personality Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

• A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings
of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to criticism
as shown by four or more of the following
starting by early adulthood in many contexts:
o Avoidance of occupational activities
that involve significant interpersonal
contact, because of fears of criticism or
disapproval
o Unwilling to get involved with people
unless certain of being liked
o Restrained in intimate relationships
because of the fear of being shamed or
ridiculed
o Preoccupation with being criticized or
rejected
o Inhibited in new interpersonal
situations because of feelings of
inadequacy
o Views self as socially inept or inferior
o Unusually reluctant to try new activities
because they may prove embarrassing
• Intense need for order, perfection, and control,
as shown by the presence of at least four of the
following beginning by early adulthood and
evidenced in many contexts:
o Preoccupation with rules, details, and
organization to the extent that the point
of an activity is lost
o Extreme perfectionism interferes with
task completion
o Excessive devotion to work to the
exclusion of leisure and friendships
o Inflexibility about morals and values
o Difficulty discarding worthless items
o Reluctance to delegate unless others
conform to one’s standards
o Miserliness
o Rigidity and stubbornness

Dependent Personality Disorder

• An excessive need to be taken care of, as shown
by the presence of at least five of the following
beginning by early adulthood and evidenced in
many contexts:
o Difficulty making decision without
excessive advice and reassurance from
others
o Need for others to take responsibility
for most major areas of life
o Difficulty disagreeing with others for
fear for losing their support
o Difficulty doing things on own or
starting projects because of lack of self-
confidence
o Doing unpleasant things as a way to
obtain the approval and support of
others
o Feelings of helplessness when alone
because of fears of being unable to care
for self
o Urgently seeking new relationship when
one ends
o Preoccupation with fears of having to
take of self