Bonding and

periodic
properties
Elements are classified as metals,
nonmetals, or metalloids,
depending on their physical and
chemical properties. What makes
an element a metal, a non-metal, or
a metalloid?
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Metals
Topic one

Topic two

Topic three

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BY-SA-NC BY-SA-NC

Reactivity • the ease and speed with which an element combines

And reactivity is based on the interactions of valence

electrons.

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 Chemical Properties of Metals

Metals generally have one to three valence

electrons.
Metals do not react with other metals, but
they do react with other elements.
Many of these elements tend to lose their
valence electrons easily to other atoms,
making them highly reactive.
Metals with only one valence electron are
especially reactive.
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 Crystals are also metals
• The loosely.-held valence electrons metal atoms determine how metals bond. Most metals are crystalline solids.

• A metal crystal is composed of closely-packed positively charged metal atoms. Each metal atom is held in the
crystal by a metallic bond - an attraction between a positive metal atom and the electrons surrounding it.

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BY-SA-NC
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Physical
Properties of
Metals
Malleability, ductility,
electrical and thermal
conductivity This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

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 Malleable Ductile

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Luster
Can be hammered or Can be pulled Shiny and reflective
rolled into flat sheets or out, or drawn,
other shapes into long
wires.
The easy movement of the valence electrons is what
makes metals malleable and ductile

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Classwork
The movement of the valence electrons also
makes most metals good thermal and electrical
conductors.
Metals have certain physical properties.
Identify the property or properties of metal exhibited by Thermal conductivity is the ability of an object to
each of the objects shown. transfer heat. Electric conductivity is the ability
of an object to carry electric current

Cooper is sometimes Gold can be hammered into thin sheets This item is made out of iron
used in electrical wiring known as gold leaf
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 Nonmetals have a much wider variety of properties than metals

Nonmetals No metals have several properties in common

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

• Atoms of nonmetals react with both

metals and other nonmetals

• For example, the metal sodium +

nonmetal chloride.

• While many compounds that contain

nonmetals are essential to life, some
nonmetals, search halogens, are poisonous
and highly reactive. still others, such as
noble gases, are nonreactive.
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• A nonmetal is an element and lacks most of the properties of a metal. In general, nonmetals are poor conductors
of electric current and heat / solid nonmetals tend to be dull and brittle.

• If you were to hit most solid nonmetals with a hammer, they would break or crumble into a ponder.

• Also, nonmetals usually have lower densities than metals. Many nonmetals are gases at room temperature.
Bromine is the only nonmetal that is a liquid at room temperature.

• For example, the metal sodium + nonmetal chloride.

• While many compounds that contain nonmetals are essential to life, some nonmetals, such as halogens, are
poisonous and highly reactive. Still others, such as noble gases, are nonreactive.

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Metalloids
activity
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Thank You
Presenter name

Email address

Website address

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