PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

I yet,recently,up to now, so far..

You have +V3
We
They

He
She has+V3
It

1. Geçmişte olan, etkisini şuanda hissettiğimiz olaylar için

kullanıyoruz.

I have cut my finger. (It’s still bleeding) (Parmağımı kestim,anlamı

hala kanıyor)

She has broken her leg. (Bacak alçıda)

She broke her leg.(Simple past- Kırdı,bitti,geçti,gitti)

It has rained. (It’s not raining now, but everywhere is wet)(Şuan

yağmıyor ama her yer ıslak)

-live,learn,work..
I have lived in Izmit for 7 years. ++
I have been living in Izmit for 7 years.++
FOR SINCE
-dir,-dır -den beri
I have learnt English for 7 years. I have learnt English since2005.

For’dan sonra bir zaman dilimi Since’ten sonra zamanda bir nokta
For 5 days Since yesterday
For 2 hours since 2016
For a long time since Sunday
For 7 years since I was a child

 Since’ten sonra gelen cümle mutlaka Simple Past-V2 (geçmiş

zaman) olacak.

I have read a lot of books since I moved to Izmit.

JUST-ALREADY-YET
I have just finished my homework.(Ödevimi henüz yeni bitirdim) +
I have already finished my homework.(Ödevimi çoktan bitirdim) +
I haven’t finished my homework yet.(Ödevimi henüz bitirmedim) –
I still haven’t finished my homework. (üstteki ile aynı anlamda)
Have you finished your homework yet?(Ödevini bitirdin mi şu ana
kadar?)
Just ve already fiilden hemen önce kullanılır.Yet cümle sonunda
kullanılır.
HOW LONG? Ne zamandır?
BEEN- GONE
My brother has gone to the supermarket.(gitmiş, hala orada)
My brother has been to the supermarket.(gitmiş-gelmiş; orada
bulunmuş)

Atahan has gone to the park. (parka gitti,hala orada)

Atahan has been to the park.(parka gitti,geldi,üstü başı kirli)

ASLA I have gone diyemiyoruz!!!

I have been to Germany. (Almanya’da bulundum)
I have gone to Germany (KULLANILMAZ)

EVER-NEVER
Have you ever seen a crocodile? (Sen hiç timsah gördün mü?)
Yes, I have.
Yes, I have seen a crocodile.
Yes, I have just seen a crocodile.
Yes, I have already seen a crocodile.
No,I haven’t.
No, I haven’t seen a crocodile.
No, I haven’t seen a crocodile yet.
No, I have never seen a crocodile. (Ben hiç timsah görmedim)
How long have you lived in Izmit?
I have lived in Izmit since 2004.
I have lived in ızmit for 18 years.