‫رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ‬

+ ,- a n (!)' a n $ % &' (!)' * ! # !" n a

n 1 n0) a - )/ . )#
a = a × a × .... × a
n - 0) ! n 2!a

34

= × × =

(− ) = (− ) × (− ) × (− ) × (− ) =

( ) = ( )×( ) =

a = a )# 6 a 5

( ) = ( ) 784

=
)# ,- #)- 5 0) 9: 0 ) ;<

a = )# 6 a :' > 5

= 784

)# ,- 6 1 . :' 0 ) :' ;

0) @ 6 -) 6 * )# 6 &?# a n (!)' * ! # n a 1

a =a
an = a × an−

30
 ‫رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ‬

C
B 6 # :' > a n

a−n =
an
34

−
= = =
×

! D 9E ! (! &'

=. − = C. ( − ) = G. ( ) − = F. ( ) =

B! J-D # H I' m n :' > a b 5

=. a m × a n = a m + n F. a m × b m = (ab) m K. (a m ) n = a mn

C. a m ÷ a n = a m − n a
G. a m ÷ b m = ( ) m
a b
L. ( ) − m = ( ) m
b b a

! - ) ' / 0)- M ! - ) N : O, ;

P ) ! -) (!)' ! (! &'

=. = F. × = Q. × × =

C. ( ) = K. ÷ = R. ( ) − × ( ) × ( ) =

G. × = L. G F + G F + S C =

2
9E H I' 0 ) 6 T6 *

31
 ‫رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ‬

P ) ! - ) (!)' ! =VCF 6U-

! D 9E ! (! &'

× ×( + + )
=. − × − × = F. = R. =
×

C. × × = K. + × =

G. ( ) × ( ) × ( ) − = L. + + + =

"

- 0D ! ;X # ! 5 W 0) =

- 0D $ % ! 5 W)E 0 ) C

EI ! − Y? O * ,

"

B ! ! ),5 n 5 J-D # a > 94 a =

an < an+

< 34

B ! ! ),5 n 5 J-D # a < 94 a C

an > an+

( / ) >( / ) 34

B ! ! ),5 n 5 J-D # a = G

an = an+

32
 ‫رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ‬

−R
Y Z!" [) !C F−K R −G

Y [) Z!" !( ) (/ ) ( )

P B5 ! G CVV C GVV

P B5 ! CK G C=C GL G

&&&

(!)' * ! # ]= = V 6< \ a '%

am = an m=n
! D 9E ! n ! !) 5 !

=. n = G. n−
= K. x + = x +

C. n + + = F. n+
=

```

33