Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Designati
Designation:
on: F 593 – 02
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
e NOTE—Table 2 was editorially corrected in February 2004.
1. Sco
Scope
pe 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specificatio
specification
n cover
coverss the requirements
requirements for stai
stainles
nlesss 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2
steel bolts, hex cap screws, and studs 0.25 to 1.50 in., inclusive, A 262 Prac
Practices
tices for Detec
Detecting
ting Susceptibili
Susceptibilityty to Inte
Intergr
rgranu-
anu-
in nominal diameter in a number of alloys in common use and lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
intended
inten ded for serv
service
ice appli
applicati
cations
ons requ
requirin
iring
g gener
general
al corr
corrosion
osion A 276 Speci
Specificati
fication
on for Stain
Stainless
less Steel Bars and Shape
Shapess
resistance. A 342/
342/AA 342M Test Meth Methods
ods for Perm
Permeabil
eability
ity of Feebl
Feeblyy
1.2 Seven
Seven grogroups
ups of sta
stainl
inless
ess ste
steel
el all
alloys
oys are cov
covere
ered,
d, Magnetic Materials
including twelve austenitic, two ferritic, four martensitic, and A 380 Prac
Practice
tice for Cleaning,
Cleaning, Desca
Descaling
ling,, and Passivation
Passivation of
one precipitation hardening. Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
Group AlloysA ConditionB A 484/A 484M Speci Specificat
fication
ion for General Requirements
Requirements for
1 304, 305, 384, 304 L, (CW) cold workedC Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings -
2 316, 316 L (CW) cold worked C A 493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire Wire and Wire Rods `
,
,
`
,
`
A 564
564/A
/A 564M Specifica
Specificatio
tionn for Hot-
Hot-Rol
Rolled
led and Col Cold-
d-
`
,
A
Unless otherwise specified on the inquiry and order, the choice of an alloy from Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes `
,
`
,
`
,
within a group shall be at the discretion of the fastener manufacturer (see 6.1). A 582/A 582M
582M Speci
Specificat
fication
ion for Free-
Free-Machi
Machiningning Stain
Stainless
less `
`
,
,
`
-
B
See 4.2 for options. Steel Bars
-
C
Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed.
D
A 751 Test
Test Met
Method
hods,s, Pra
Practi
ctices
ces,, and Term ermino
inolog
logyy for
When
Whe n app
approv
roved
ed by the pur
purcha
chaser
ser,, All
Alloys
oys 303, 303
303Se,
Se, or XM1 may be
furnished. Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E
When approved by the purchaser, Alloy 430F may be furnished. A 967
967 Speci
Specificati
fication
on for Chemi
Chemical cal Passi
Passivatio
vationn Tr
Treatm
eatments
ents
F
When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished. for Stainless Steel Parts
1.3 Suppl
Supplemen
ementary
tary requirement
requirementss of an opti
optional
onal nature are D 3951 Prac
Practice
tice for Comm
Commercia
erciall Packa
Packaging
ging
provided,
provid ed, app
applic
licabl
ablee onl
onlyy whe
when n agr
agreed
eed upo
upon n bet
betwee
ween n the E 29
29 Pract
Practice
ice for Using Significant
Significant Digits in Test Data to
manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the inquiry and Determine Conformance with Specifications
order. F 594 Speci
Specificati
fication
on for Stain
Stainless
less Steel Nuts
1.4 Sui
Suitab
table
le nuts for use witwithh bol
bolts,
ts, hex cap screws,
screws, and F 606 Test Methods for Determining
Determining the Mech Mechanica
anicall Prop-
studs included in this specification are covered by Specification erties
erti es of Exter
Externally
nally and Inte
Internall
rnally
y Threa
Threadedded Fast
Fasteners
eners,,
F 594
594.. Unl
Unless
ess oth
otherw
erwise
ise spe
specifi
cified,
ed, all nut
nutss use
used
d on the these
se Washers, and Rivets
fasteners
fasteners shall conf
conform
orm to the requi
requireme
rements
nts of Speci
Specificat
fication
ion F 147
1470 0 Gui
Guide
de for Fastene
Fastenerr Sam
Sampli
pling
ng for Specified
Specified Me-
F 59
594,
4, sh
shal
alll be of th thee sa
same
me al
allo
loy
y gr
grou
oup,
p, an
andd sh
shal
alll ha
have
ve a chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
specified minimum proof stress equal to or greater than the Standards:3
2.2 ASME Standards:
specified minimum full-size tensile strength of the externally B1.1 Unifie
Unifiedd Inch Screw Threads
threaded fastener.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This spec
This specifica
ificatio
tion
n is und
under
er the juri
jurisdi
sdictio
ction
n of ASTM Com
Commit
mittee
tee F16 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@
service@astm.o
astm.org.
rg. For Annual
For Annual Book of ASTM
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.04 on Nonferrous Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Fasteners. the ASTM website
website..
3
Curren
Currentt edi
editio
tion
n app
approv
roved
ed Apr
April
il 10, 200
2002.
2. Pub
Publish
lished
ed May 200
2002.
2. Ori
Origin
ginally
ally Avail
vailabl
ablee from Glo
Global
bal Eng
Engine
ineerin
ering
g Doc
Docume
uments
nts,, 15 Inv
Invern
erness
ess Way
ay,, Eas
Eastt
published as F 593 – 78. Last previous edition F 593 – 01. Englewood, CO 80112.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
3. Order
Ordering
ing Information
Information 5. Heat Treatment
Treatment
3.1 Order
Orderss for bolts
bolts,, hex cap screws,
screws, and studs under
under this 5.1 Alloy Groups 1, 2, and 3 (Austenitic Alloys 303, 303Se,
specification shall include the following: 304, 304 L, 305, 316, 316 L, 321, 347, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, and
3.1.1 Quant
Quantityity (number
(number of pieces of each item and size) size),, 302HQ):
3.1.2 Name of item (bolt, hex cap screw, screw, stud, etc.), 5.1.1 Conditio
Condition n A—Wh
—When en Con
Condit
dition
ion A is spe specifi
cified,
ed, the
3.1.3 Size (nominal
(nominal diameter,
diameter, threads
threads per inch, length; see austen
aus tenit
itic
ic all
alloys
oys sha
shall
ll be hea
heated
ted to 19019000 6 50°F (103 (1038 8 6
Section 9), 28°C), at which time the chromium carbide will go into the
3.1.4 Alloy group
group number (see (see 6.1), and solution, be held for a sufficient time, and then be cooled at a
rate sufficie
sufficient
nt to prev
prevent
ent prec
precipit
ipitation
ation of the carbcarbide
ide and to
3.1.5 Condi
Condition
tion (see 4.2).
provide the specified properties.
3.2 Order
Orderss for bolts
bolts,, hex cap screws,
screws, and studs under
under this
5.1.2 Condition CW —When—When Condition CW is specified, the
specification may include the following optional requirements:
austenitic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.1.1,
3.2.1 Form
Forminging (see 4.1.2),
genera
gen erally
lly by the raw mat materierial
al man
manufa
ufactu
cturer
rer and thethenn col
cold
d
3.2.2 Rolle
Rolled d or cut threads
threads (see 4.1.3),
worked to develop the specified properties.
3.2.3 Compo
Compositi sition
on (see 6.2),
5.1.3 Condition AF —When
—When Condition AF is specified, the
3.2.4 Corro
Corrosion
sion Resistance
Resistance (see 8.1),
austenit
aust enitic
ic allo
alloys
ys shall be anne
annealed
aled in accor
accordance
dance with 5.1.1
3.2.5 Finis
Finishh (see 10.3),
after all cold working (including heading and threading) has
3.2.6 Rejec
Rejection
tion (see 16.1),
16.1), and
been completed.
3.2.7 Test report (see 17.2).
5.2 Alloy Group 4 (Ferritic Alloys 430 and 430F):
3.2.8 Supplementary requirements,
requirements, if any,
any, to be specified on
5.2.1 Condition A—The ferritic alloys shall be heated to a
the order (see S1 through S8), and
temperat
temp erature
ure of 1450 6 50°F (78 (7888 6 28°C)
28°C),, he held
ld fo
forr an
3.2.9 ASTM specificat
specification ion and year of issue. When year of
appropriate time, and then air cooled to provide the specified
issue is not specified, fasteners shall be furnished to the latest
properties.
issue.
-
-
`
,
,
`
5.2.2 Condition CW —When—When Condition CW is specified, the
`
ferrit
fer ritic
ic all
alloys
oys sha
shall
ll be ann
anneal
ealed
ed in accaccord
ordanc
ancee wit
withh 5.2
5.2.1,
.1,
,
NOTE 1— Example 10 000 pieces, Hex Cap Screw, 0.250 in. −20 3 3.00
`
,
`
,
`
4.1 Manufacture:
,
4.1.1
4.1
-
-
- .1 Sp
Speci
ecifica
ficati
tions
ons A 276,
276, A 493,
493, A 564/
564/A
A 564M
564M,, and completed.
A 582
582/A
/A 582
582MM are notnoted
ed for inf
inform
ormatiation
on onl
onlyy as sui
suitab
table
le 5.3 Alloy Group 5 (Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se):
source
sou rcess of mat
materi
erial
al for the ma
manufnufact
acture
ure of bol
bolts,
ts, hex cap 5.3.1 Conditio
Condition n H —When
—When Con Condit
dition
ion H is spe specifi
cified,
ed, the
screws, and studs to this specification. Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened and
4.1.2 Forming—Unle
—Unless ss other
otherwise
wise speci
specified,
fied, the faste
fasteners
ners tempered by heating to 1850 6 50°F (1010 6 28°C) sufficient
shall be cold formed, hot formed, or machined from suitable for austenitizat ion, held for at least 1 ⁄ 2 h an
austenitization, and d ra
rapi
pidd ai
air-
r- or
material at the option of the manufacturer. oil-quenched, and then reheating to 1050°F (565°C) minimum
4.1.3 Threads—Unless otherwise specified, the threads shall forr at le
fo leas
astt 1 h anandd ai
airr co
cool
oled
ed to pr prov
ovid
idee th
thee sp
spec
ecifi
ified
ed
be rolled or cut at the option of the manufacturer. properties.
4.2 Condition—T
—The he fa
fast
sten
ener
erss sh
shal
alll be fu
furn
rnis
ishe
hed
d in ththee 5.3.2 Condition HT —When
—When Condition HT is specified, the
following conditions, unless specified to be furnished in one of Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened and
the optional conditions: tempered by heating to 1850 6 50°F (1010 6 28°C) sufficient
Condition Furnished Unless Optional Conditions (must for austenitizat
austenitization,
ion, held for at least 1 ⁄ 2 h an and d ra
rapi
pidd ai
air-
r- or
Alloy Group Otherwise Specified be specified)
1 , 2, 3 CW AF, A, SH
oil-quenched, and then reheating to 525°F (274°C) minimum
4 CW A forr at le
fo leas
astt 1 h anandd ai
airr co
cool
oled
ed to pr prov
ovid
idee th
thee sp
spec
ecifi
ified
ed
5 H HT properties.
6 H HT
7 AH none 5.4 Alloy Group 6 (Martensitic Alloy 431):
A— Machined from annealed or solution-annealed
solution-annealed stock thus retaining the 5.4.1 Conditions H and HT —Martens
—Martensitic itic Allo
Alloyy 431 shall be
properties of the original material; or hot-formed annealed or solution hardened and tempered in accordance with 5.3.1 and 5.3.2 as
annealed.
AF— Headed and rolled from annealed stock and then reannealed.
reannealed.
applicable.
AH— Solution-anneale
Solution-annealedd and age-hardened after forming. 5.5 Alloy Group 7 (Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630) :
CW— Head
Headed
ed and rolled from annealed stock thus acquiring
acquiring a degre
degree
e of cold 5.5.1 Conditio
Condition n AH —Precipit
—Precipitation
ation Harde
Hardening
ning Alloy 630
work. Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot-worked and solution-
annealed. shall be solution annealed and aged by heating to 1900 6 25°F
H— Hardened and tempered at 1050°F
1050°F (565°C)
(565°C) minimum. (1038 6 14°C) for at least 1 ⁄ 2 h and rapid air- or oil-quenched
HT— Hardened and tempered at 525°F525°F (274°C)
(274°C) minimum. to 80°F (27°C) maximum, then reheating to a temperature of
TABLE 1 Chemi
Chemical
cal Requirem
Requirements
ents
43
AF F593A 1
⁄ 4 to 1 ⁄ 2 , incl
1
65 to 85 20 B85 max 60 20 40
1 A F593B 1
⁄ 4 to 11 ⁄ 2 , incl 75 to 100 30 B65 to 95 70 30 30
(303, 304, CW1 F593C 1
⁄ 4 to 5 ⁄ 8 , incl 100 to 150 65 B95 to C32 95 60 20
304 L, 305, CW2 F593D 3 ⁄ to 11 ⁄ , incl
4 2 85 to 140 45 B80 to C32 80 40 25
384, SH1 F593A 1 ⁄ to 5 ⁄ , incl
4 8 120 to 160 95 C24 to C36 115 90 12
XM1, SH2 F593B 3
⁄ 4 to 1, incl 110 to 150 75 C20 to C32 105 70 15
18-9LW,
302HQ, SH3 F593C 1 1 ⁄ 8 to 11 ⁄ 4 , incl 100 to 140 60 B95 to C30 95 55 20
303Se)
SH4 F593D 1 3 ⁄ 8 to 11 ⁄ 2 , incl 95 to 130 45 B90 to C28 90 40 28
3
AF F593E ⁄ 4 to 11 ⁄ 2 , incl
1
65 to 85 20 B85 max 60 20 40
A F593F ⁄ 4 to 11 ⁄ 2 , incl
1
75 to 100 30 B65 to 95 70 30 30
CW1 F593G 1
⁄ 4 to 5 ⁄ 8 , incl 100 to 150 65 B95 to C32 95 60 20
2 CW2 F593H ⁄ 4 to 11 ⁄ 2 , incl 85 to 140 45 B80 to C32 80 40 25
G
3
3
AF F593J ⁄ 4 to 11 ⁄ 2 , incl
1
65 to 85 20 B85 max 60 20 40
A F593K ⁄ 4 to 11 ⁄ 2 , incl
1
75 to 100 30 B65 to 95 70 30 30
3 CW1 F593L ⁄ 4 to 5 ⁄ 8 , incl 100 to 150 65 B95 to C32 95 60 20
(321, 347) G CW2 F593M
1
120 000 lbf (535 kN) shall be tested full-size and shall meet the or dispute between test results obtained from full-size finished
full size tensile (minimum and maximum) and yield strength fasteners and standard or round specimens, the referee method
properties in Table 2. When equipment of sufficient capacity shall be tests performed on full-size finished fasteners.
for such tests is not available, or if excessive length of the 7.4
7. 4 Fa
Fast
sten
ener
erss th
that
at ar
aree to
too
o sh
shor
ortt (l
(len
engt
gths
hs le
less
ss th
than
an th
that
at
fasteners makes full-size testing impractical, use of standard or specified in 7.2 (see Test Methods F 606 and Table 4); have
round specimens that meet the “machined specimen test tensile insufficient threads for tension; or have drilled or undersized
properties” in Table 2 is permitted. In the event of discrepancy heads, drilled or reduced bodies, and so forth, that are weaker
--`,,``,`,`,`,,,,,,`,,`,,,,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Item Nominal Length Tensile Load, lbf Full-Size Tests Machined Specimen Tests
Diameters ⁄ 4 in.
3
Diameters Over ⁄ 4 3
Wedge Axial Tensile Yield Rockwell Tensile Yield Elongation
and Less in. Tensile Strength Strength Hardness Strength Strength
Strength
B B B B
Square and hex less than 21 ⁄ 4 D less than 3D
3D all Option A Option B Option
OptionC
B B B B B
bolts and hex 21 ⁄ 4 D
D and
and longer 3D and
and longer 120 000 max mandatory mandatory
B B
cap screws over 120 000 Option A Option A Option
OptionB Option B Option B
B B B B B
Studs and other less than 21 ⁄ 4 D less than 3D
3D all Option A Option B
B B B B B
bolts 21 ⁄ 4 D
D and
and longer 3D and
and longer 120 000 max mandatory mandatory
B B
over 120 000 Option A Option A Option
OptionB Option B Option B
A
Where options are given, all the tests under
under an option shall be performed. OptionA, Option B, and Option C indicates manufacturer may perform all Option A (full-size),
all Option B (machined specimen), or all Option C tests whichever is preferred. Option A tests should be made whenever feasible.
B
Tests that are not mandatory.
C
Special fasteners are those fasteners with special configurations including drilled heads, reduced body, etc., that are weaker than the threaded section. Special
fasteners having full-size heads shall be tested as specified for studs and other bolts.
TABLE
TABLE 4 Te
Tensile
nsile Stress
Stress Areas
Areas and Threads
Threads per Inch
Nominal Size, in. (D
( D ) Coarse Threads–UNC Fine Threads-UNF Thread Series–8 UN
A A
Thre
Thread
ads
s/i
/in.
n. Str
tres
ess
s Are
rea
a , in. 2
Threads/in. Str es
ess Area , in. 2
Thr
hrea
eads
ds/i
/in
n. Str
tre
ess Are aA,
rea
2
in.
⁄ 4 (0.250)
1
20 0.0318 28 0.0364 ... ...
⁄ 16
5
16 (0.3125) 18 0.0524 24 0.0580 ... ...
⁄ 18
3
18 (0.375) 16 0.0775 24 0.0878 ... ...
⁄ 16
7
16 (0.4375) 14 0.1063 20 0.1187 ... ...
⁄ 2 (0.500)
1
13 0.1419 20 0.1599 ... ...
9
⁄ 16
16 (0.5625) 12 0.1820 18 0.2030 ... ...
5
⁄ 8 (0.625) 11 0.2260 18 0.2560 ... ...
3 ⁄ (0.750) 10 0.3340 16 0.3730 ... ...
4
7 ⁄ (0.875) 9 0.4620 14 0.5090 ... ...
8
than the thread section, shall not be subject to tension tests but Practice A. Failing Practice A, specimens shall be tested in
shall
shall con
confor
form
m to the harhardne
dness
ss (mi
(minim
nimum
um and ma maxim
ximum)
um) accordance with Practice E and be considered satisfactory if
requirements of Table 2. passing Practice E.
--`,,``,`,`,`,,,,,,`,,`,,,,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
12. Numb
Number
er of Tests
Tests and Rete
Retests
sts 15. Test Methods
12.1 Number of Tests: 15.1 Chemical Analy
Analysis
sis—The chemchemical
ical compo
compositi
sition
on shal
shalll
12.1.1 Mechanical Tests—The mechanical requirements of be determined in accordance with Test Methods A 751.
this specification shall be met in continuous mass production 15.1.1 The fastener manufactur
manufacturer er may accept the chemi
chemical
cal
for stock. The manufacturer shall make sample inspections as analysis of each heat of raw material purchased and reported on
specifi
spe cified
ed bel
below
ow to ens
ensure
ure tha
thatt the product
product con
confor
forms
ms to the the raw mate
material
rial certificatio
certificationn furni
furnished
shed by the raw matematerial
rial
specified requirements. When tests of individual shipments are producer. The fastener manufacturer is not required to do any
required, Supplementary Requirement S1 must be specified in further chemical analysis testing provided that precise heat lot
the inquiry and order. traceability has been maintained throughout the manufacturing
Acceptance Criteria process on each lot of fasteners produced and delivered
Numb
Number
er of Pi
Piec
eces
es in Lo
Lott Number
Numb er of Acceptance Rejection 15.2 Mechanical Tests:
Tests Number Number
2 t o 50 2 0 1
15.2.1 When full-size
full-size tests are to be performed,
performed, the yiel
yield
d
51 to 500 3 0 1 strength and wedge tensile strength or axial tensile strength, as
501 to 35 000 5 0 1 required by Section 7, shall be determined on each sample in
35 001 to 100 000 8 0 1
accord
acc ordanc
ancee wit
with
h the appapprop
ropria
riate
te met
method
hodss of Test Met
Method
hodss
12.1.2 Corrosion Resistance Tests: F 606.
12.1.2.1
12.1.2.1 Unles
Unlesss other
otherwise
wise spec
specified,
ified, inspection
inspection for corr
corro-
o- 15.2.2 Full-
Full-size
size bolts and hex cap screw
screwss subject to tension
sion resistance shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s tests shall be tested using a wedge under the head. The wedge
standa
standard
rd qua
qualit
lity
y con
contro
troll pra
practi
ctices
ces.. No spe
specifi
cificc met
method
hod of shall be 10° for bolts 0.750-in. nominal diameter and less and
inspection is required, but the fasteners shall be produced from 6° for bolts over 0.750-in. diameter.
suitable raw material and manufactured by properly controlled 15.2.3 When machined
machined speci
specimen
men tests are necessary
necessary (see
practices to maintain resistance to corrosion. When corrosion Section 7), the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation
tests are requ
required,
ired, Supplementa
Supplementary ry Requi
Requireme
rement
nt S7 must be shall be determined on each sample in accordance with Test
specified in the inquiry and order, except as noted in 12.1.2.2. Methods F 606.
--`,,``,`,`,`,,,,,,`,,`,,,,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the
purchaser in the inquiry and order (see Section 3). Supplementary requirements shall in no way negate
any requirement of the specification itself.
--`,,``,`,`,`,,,,,,`,,`,,,,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
e1
`
F 593 – 02
,
,
`
`
,
`
,
`
,
`
,
,
the inquiry and order, the manufacturer shall supply that alloy
`
-
`
,
,
the inquiry and order, the permeability of bolts, hex cap screws,
and studs of Alloy Groups 1, 2, and 3 in Conditions A or AF
`
,
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