Flash point

second / stage - semester

Assist prof. : Mr.Bayan

Second Experiment

Prepared by student :
- Rebar Rezgar
- Ronya Bashar

 Introduction
Flash Point :
is the lowest temperature at which a chemical can vaporize to form an ignitable
mixture in air. A lower flash point indicates higher flammability. Measuring a flash
point (open-cup or close-cup) requires an ignition source. At the flash point, the
vapor may cease to burn when the ignition source is removed.
It shall be note that flash point is different from auto-ignition temperature at which
a chemical can burn without an ignition source.

Regulatory Implications of Flash Point :

Flash point is primarily used to differentiate between flammable, combustible, and
non-flammable liquids. The image below serves as an illustration of how
flammable liquids are classified under GHS. A liquid will be categorized as
flammable liquid category 3 if its flash point ranges from 23 to 60 Celsius. A
liquid that does not comply with GHS classification requirements and is not
deemed a flammable liquid or a hazardous chemical has a flash point above 93
degrees Celsius.

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Under dangerous goods regulations, a liquid with a flash point below 60 Celsius
degrees will be classified as Class 3 Dangerous Goods FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS.
Materials with flash points below 100 °F (38 °C) are regulated in the United States
by OSHA as potential workplace hazards.

a flash point test does not need to be conducted if:

 a chemical is inorganic, or
 a chemical only contains volatile organic components with flash-points
above 100 °C for aqueous solutions, or
 the estimated flash-point is above 200 °C, or
 the flash-point can be accurately predicted by interpolation from existing
characterised materials.

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Discussion :
1- whats flash point ?
is the lowest temperature at which a chemical can vaporize to form an ignitable
mixture in air .

2- whats burning point ?

Boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a chemical
equals atmospheric pressure .

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3- why increase flash point and decrease burning point ?
 The flash point of a liquid hydrocarbon is the temperature to which it must be
heated to emit sufficient flammable vapor to flash when brought into contact
with a flame. The fire point of a hydrocarbon liquid is the higher temperature at
which the oil vapors will continue to burn when

4- why we need them ?

Gasoline (petrol) is a fuel used in a spark-ignition engine. To ignite, the fuel
must have a low flash point, but in order to avoid preignition caused by residual
heat in a hot combustion chamber, the fuel must have a high autoignition
temperature. Diesel fuel flash points vary between 52 and 96 °C (126 and 205
°F).

flash point of gasoline is -43 deg C, unless you are a layman. The correct
answer is - Flash point of Motor Gasoline is around - 43 deg C or about -35 to -
45 deg C

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Conclusion :

Transport and storage regulations - hazard classification

Flash point is used in shipping and safety regulations

to define flammable and combustible materials and classify their hazard potential which
has significant cost implications when transporting or storing products.

Many industries use solvents in their products (paints, varnishes) which is used to
classify the flash point for the finished product. Some solvents are not highly flammable
so establishing the exact flash point can help save money.

To increases the flash point we need to change the behavior of the component for
example in Premium gasoline is generally type of gasoline with an octane level of 91 or
greater, while the Regular gasoline is the most common type of gasoline has an octane
level of 87

Confused as to what this means? In the past, gasoline contained lead which would burn
off as the fuel was consumed.

Today, all regular (and premium) gas is required to be unleaded, which means that it’s
better for the environment, and for our health!

That’s how we change the components behavior same component but different flash
point or regular called octan.

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