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  • Definitions - Topic 3 Movement in and Out of Cells - CAIE Biology IGCSE

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    This document defines key terms related to movement in and out of cells for IGCSE Biology. It defines active transport as the movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy. Diffusion is defined as the spreading of particles down a concentration gradient without using energy. Osmosis is specifically defined as the diffusion of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from high to low water concentration. Plasmolysis and turgor pressure are also defined in relation to water movement in and out of plant cells.

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    Definitions - Topic 3 Movement in and out of cells - CAIE Biology IGCSE

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    This document defines key terms related to movement in and out of cells for IGCSE Biology. It defines active transport as the movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy. Diffusion is defined as the spreading of particles down a concentration gradient without using energy. Osmosis is specifically defined as the diffusion of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from high to low water concentration. Plasmolysis and turgor pressure are also defined in relation to water movement in and out of plant cells.

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    5 views1 page

    Definitions - Topic 3 Movement in and Out of Cells - CAIE Biology IGCSE

    Uploaded by

    JINGYUN LIU
    This document defines key terms related to movement in and out of cells for IGCSE Biology. It defines active transport as the movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy. Diffusion is defined as the spreading of particles down a concentration gradient without using energy. Osmosis is specifically defined as the diffusion of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from high to low water concentration. Plasmolysis and turgor pressure are also defined in relation to water movement in and out of plant cells.

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    Definitions and Concepts for CAIE Biology IGCSE

    Topic 3: Movement In and Out of Cells

    Definitions in ​bold ​are for supplement only

    Active transport ​- The movement of substances from a low concentration to a higher


    concentration (against the concentration gradient) across a membrane, with the use of
    energy from respiration.

    Concentration gradient​ - The difference in concentration between two areas. The


    greater the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion.

    Diffusion​ - The net spreading out of particles from a high concentration to a lower
    concentration (down their concentration gradient). ​Diffusion is as a result of the kinetic
    energy of the random movement of particles (passive).

    Diffusion distance ​- The distance that substances must diffuse. The smaller the
    diffusion distance, the faster the rate of diffusion.

    Flaccid​ - Describes a plant cell that has been placed in a more concentrated solution.
    Water leaves the cell by osmosis. The volume decreases and the cytoplasm pulls
    away from the cell wall.

    Osmosis ​-​ ​The diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane.

    Osmosis ​- The diffusion of water molecules from a region of high water concentration
    to a region of lower water concentration across a partially permeable membrane.

    Plasmolysis ​- The process by which the cytoplasm pulls away from the cell wall as a
    result of water loss from the cell.

    Surface area ​- The total area occupied by the surface of an object. The larger the
    surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion.

    Turgid ​- Describes a plant cell that has been placed in a more dilute solution. Water
    enters the cell by osmosis. The volume increases and the cytoplasm pushes against
    the cell wall.

    Turgor pressure ​- The pressure exerted by fluid within a cell which pushes the cell
    membrane against the inelastic cell wall.

    Water potential ​- A measure of the tendency of water molecules to move from one
    area to another.

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