Professional Documents
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PATHOLOGY
Compiled by: Apurva Himmatsingka
Edited by: Soumyadeb Roy
With best wishes, presented by,
HAEMAT OLOGY
Group-A (LONG QUESTIONS)
1. A 5 year old boy presented with hepatosplenomegaly, stunted growth, Mongolian face
and severe pallor of chronic onset. (2021 P1)
i. What is provisional diagnosis?
ii. Laboratory investigation of the case.
iii. Pathogenesis of anaemia in such case
iv. Complications of such illness.
2. A 10 year old male child presented with massive swelling at knee joint following minor
trauma. His maternaluncle also had similar episodes in the past and subsequently died
of severe GIT bleeding. 2+5+3 (2020 P1)
a) What is your probable diagnosis?
b) What investigations are to be done to confirm the diagnosis?
c) Is it likely that his sister is also affected?
3. A 30 years old lady presented with haemorrhagic spots in the skin & mucosa, onset is
insidious. Thereis no organomegaly or lymphadenopathy. 2+5+3 (2019 P1)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) How will you proceed for diagnosis?
c) What is the basic mechanism of this disease?
4. 7 years old girl presented with sudden onset of fever, week ness severe
pallor, generalizedlymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, sternal tenderness
and gum bleeding. 2+6+2 (2018P1)
i. What is provisional diagnosis?
ii. How will you proceed to confirm the diagnosis?
iii. What are the important prognostic factors in this case?
5. A 60 year old male patient with Low back pain and anaemia, X-ray reveals multiple
osteolytic lesion.
a. What is your provisional diagnosis? 2+8 (2017 P1)
b. How will you processed to confirm the diagnosis?
6. A 45-year-old male with history of partial gastrectomy frequently has anaemia and
neurological symptoms.
a. What is provisional diagnosis? 2+5+3 (2016 P1)
b. How you will proceed to investigation so as to establish your diagnosis?
c. Discuss the pathogenesis of this anaemia.
7. A 7year old male patient presented with fever, pallor, gum bleeding,
lymphadenopathy. Peripheral blood,smear revealed fair number of abnormal
lymphocytes. 2+6+2 (2015P1)
i. What is your provisional diagnosis?
ii. How will you diagnose the case in laboratory?
iii. Enumerate four prognostic factor.
8. A 4 year old female patient presented with severe pallor and splenomegaly with history
of multiple blood transfusion. Biochemical investigation revealed unconjugated
hyperbilirubinemia. 2+5+3 (2014 P1)
i. What is your provisional diagnosis?
ii. What is the examination you have done in lab?
iii. What is the basic genetic defect?
9. A male child of 5 years age presented with epistaxis and petechiae following fever 2
weeks back. 1+5+4(2013 P1)
i. What is your provisional diagnosis?
ii. What laboratory investigations are to be preform to establish your
diagnosis?
iii. Explain in short the pathogenesis of the condition.
10. A 60-year-old male presents with low back pain and anaemia-ray reveals multiple
osteolytic lesions. 2+8 (2011 P1)
i. What is your provisional diagnosis?
ii. How you will proceed to confirm your diagnosis?
11. A 10year old boy presented with pallor and splenomegaly. List the differential
diagnosis. Enumerate theinvestigations necessary to evaluate this case if a haemolytic
anaemia is suspected. 2+8 (2010 P1)
Group-B (COMMENTON)
1. Importance of Cross matching of Blood. (2021 P1)
2. Rational use of blood. (2020 P1)
3. Significance of reticulocyte count. (2019 P1)
4. Hyperaemia and congestion. (2019 P1)
5. Blood comportment therapy is beneficial than whole blood transfusion. (2018 P1)
6. Presence of spherocytosis in not pathognomonic of hereditary spherocytosis. (2017
P1)
7. Leukamoid reaction and leukaemia are different. (2016 P1)
8. Significance of peripheral blood smear. (2015 P1)
9. Transfusion related diseases can be avoided. (2013 P1)
10. Significance of peripheral blood smear. (2012 P1)
11. Presence of spherocytosis in not pathognomonic of hereditary spherocytosis. (2011
P1)
12. FAB classification of acute leukaemia and basis. (2010 P1)
SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY
CVS
Group-A (LONG QUESTIONS)
1. A 52 years old hypertensive developed acute precordial pain with sweating and
breathlessness. (2018 P2)
a) What could be the privational diagnosis? 2+6+2
b) What investigation will help to establish the
diagnosis?
c) What may be the complications in this case?
2.A 59 years male presented with acute pain on the left anterior chest wall, severe
dysopnia, profusesweating, and rapid thread pulse. 2+5+3 (2015 P2)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) Enumerate risk factors and pathogenesis?
c) Enumerate important diagnostic biochemical markers?
3. 70 years old man was brought to hospital emergency room at dawn with severe
precordial pain, profuse sweating and respiratory distress. On examination radial pulse was
not palpable. BP 80/? mm of Hg. 2+6+2 (2013 P2)
a) What is your Provisional diagnosis?
b) How do You Proceed to investigate the case in the laboratory?
c) What are the complications?
4. A 45 year old hypertensive developed acute precordial chest pain. 2+4+4 (2010 P2)
a) What are the possible diagnoses?
b) Describe the various laboratory findings in such a case?
c) What are the gross and microscopic changes that you would expect to find in the heart?
Group-B (COMMENTON)
1. Large joint pain can be a clinical manifestation of cardiac disease. (2019 P2)
2. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis integrate risk factors and response to injury. (2018 P2)
3. Rheumatism licks the joint but bites the whole heart. (2014 P2)
4. Pancarditis in rheumatic heart disease. (2011 P2)
KIDNEY
Group-A (LONG QUESTIONS)
1.A 60 year old male presented with gradual weight loss, heaviness in loin, mild fever and
microscopichaematuria on routine examination. 2+4+4 (2020 P2)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) How do you proceed to investigate to confirm the diagnosis?
c) Describe the gross and microscopical features of the lesion.
2.A 6-year-old boy developed puffiness of face, oliguria and mild hypertension about
two weeks afterrecovery from sore throat. 1+6+3 (2019 P2)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis ?
b) Which laboratory investigation are to be done to confirm the diagnosis?
c) Describe the pathogenesis of the condition.
3.A five years old boy developed puffiness of face, oliguria and mild hypertension
two weeks after an attack of sore throat . (2019 P1)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) What laboratory investigations and other investigations need to be done to confirm the
diagnosis?
c) Mention fates of this condition?
4. A 10 years old child is admitted with puffiness of face, oliguria and smoky urine. 2+6+2
(2014 P2)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) Describe the etiopathogenesis and morphological features observed in the target organ?
c) Which investigations should be done to reach the diagnosis?
5.A seven year old boy abruptly developed puffiness of face, oliguria and oedema about
two weeks afterrecovery from sore throat. 2+8 (2012 P2)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis ?
b) Which laboratory and other investigation to be done to establish the diagnosis ?
NOTES
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Group-B (COMMENT ON)
1. Ulcerative lesion of the stomach is not always benign. (2020 P2)
2. Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease differs in many aspects. (2018 P2)
3. Etiology of peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma is same. (2015 P2)
4. Ulcerative colitis and crohn’s disease are different macroscopically and
microscopically. (2015 P2)
5. Carcinoma colon is a genetic disorder. (2014 P2)
6. Colorectal carcinoma. (2010 P2)
LIVER
Group-A (LONG QUESTIONS)
1. A 60 year old male developed deep jaundice, clay colored stool, weight loss, since
two months and dull aching pain in and around epigastric region. (2021 P1)
a) What is the possible differential diagnosis?
b) What should be the approach to investigate the patient to arrive at diagnosis?
c) Enumerate the various laboratory finding in the blood and Urine.
Group-B (COMMENTON)
1. A small percentage of hepatitis B infections lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. (2016
P2)
2. Alcoholism is not prerequisite for cirrhosis. (2014 P2)
3. Viral hepatitis leading to cirrhosis. (2013 P2)]
4. Serological markers of HBV induced infective hepatitis. (2011 P2)
5. Alcoholic cirrhosis. (2010 P2)
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Group-B (COMMENT ON)
1. CSF findings in pyogenic meningitis differ from tuberculous meningitis. (2020 P2)
Group-C (ANSWER THE FOLLOWING)
1. Pyogenic meningitis vs. viral meningitis. (2017 P2)
2. Diagnosis and complications of pyogenic meningitis. (2014 P2)
Group- D (SHORT NOTES)
1. Lab investigation of Meningitis(2021 P2)
2. CSF in acute pyogenic meningitis vs. tuberculous meningitis. (2015 P2)
3. CSF in Tuberculous meningitis. (2011 P2)
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Group-A (LONG QUESTIONS)
1.A 64 year old man who is a chain-smoker is suffering from chronic cough, a 5 Kg weight
loss in last 3 months. Physical examination shows clubbing of finger. A chest radiograph
shows an ill-defined 3 cm massinvolving left hilum of the lung. Serum calcium level is
12.3 mg/dl. 2+6+2 (2011 P2)
a) What is the provisional diagnosis?
b) Describe the laboratory procedure for diagnosis of the case.
c) Why serum calcium level is elevated in this case?
Group-B (COMMENT ON)
1. Morphological changes of lung in case of tuberculosis of adults. (2021 P1)
2. Bronchopneumonia and lobar pneumonia are not same are not same. (2020 P2)
3. Primary Tuberculosis can involve any segment of Lung Parenchyma. (2019 P2)
4. Primary and secondary tuberculosis of lungs have distinct morphology. (2016 P2)
5. Pneumoconiosis is an inhalation disorder of mineral dust, organic and inorganic
dusts particles. (2015P2)
6. Fate of primary complex of primary tuberculosis. (2013 P2)
7. Primary tuberculosis of the lung. (2010 P2)
Group- D (SHORT NOTES)
1. Neuroendocrine tumour of lung. (2014 P2)
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Group-A (LONG QUESTIONS)
1.A person suffering from type-I Diabetes Mellitus develop symptoms over 24 hrs
nausea, vomiting, severe thirst, polyuria. Complaining of abdominal pain, kushmal
breathing with fruity odour on the patients breath and abdominal tenderness
revealed on examination. 1+5+4 (2012 P1)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) What are laboratory examination will be perform to establish the diagnosis.
c) Explain in short the pathophysiology of that condition.
Edited by: Soumyadeb Roy Compiled by: Apurva Himmatsingka
10 YEARS CHAPTERWISE by TMCP STUDENTS’ UNIT, MsdMCH --- PATHOLOGY
BREAST
Group-A (LONG QUESTIONS)
1.A 55 year old lady presented with a hard non tender mass of about 5 cm in
diameter in left breast andretraction of nipple. 2+4+4 (2017 P2)
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) Describe the plan of investigation for the case.
c) Enumerate the important prognostic factors.
BONE
Group-B (COMMENTON)
1. Tumour arising from end of long bone may be benign or malignant. Comment with at
least one example ineach case. (2012 P2)
Group-B (COMMENT ON)
1. Pathogenesis of Chronic Osteomyelitis (2021 P2)
Group-C (ANSWER THE FOLLOWING)
1. Sequestrum. (2020 P2)
2. Classification of bone tumours. (2018 P2)
3. Pathogenesis of osteomyelitis. (2016 P2)
4. Radiological features of important bone tumours. (2014 P2)
5. Pathogenesis of chronic osteomyelitis. (2012 P2)
6. Sequestrum leads to involucrum formation. (2011 P2)
FEMALE GENITALIA
Group-B (COMMENT ON)
1. Screening test prevents Carcinoma Cervix (2021 P1)
2. Role of PAP smears in screening carcinoma of cervix. (2018 P2)
3. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. (2017 P2)
4. Screening based on cervical cytology is useful in the prevention of carcinoma cervix.
(2016 P2)
Group-C (ANSWER THE FOLLOWING)
1. Benign mucinous tumour of Ovary (2021 P2)
2. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. (2019 P2)
3. Germ cell tumour of ovary. (2017 P2)
4. Pathogenesis of carcinoma of cervix. (2015 P2)
5. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. (2012 P2)
SKIN
Group- D (SHORT NOTES)
1. Basal cell carcinoma. (2018 P2)
2. Basal cell carcinoma. Seminoma testis. (2016 P2)