CHAPTER 3 FORCES AND MOTION

Homework

Chapter 3

NAME
CIE-IGCSE-Part I Multiple Choice

SCORE 1. An object of mass 0.80 kg is moving in a straight line at

a velocity of 2.0 m/s. A force is exerted on the object, in the
direction of motion, for a period of 1.0 minute and the
velocity of the object increases to 6.0 m/s.

What force is exerted on the object?

A. 0.053 N

B. 0.080 N

C. 3.2 N

D. 4.8 N

2. Which quantity is weight an example of?

A. acceleration

B. force

C. mass

D. pressure

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3. An object moves at constant speed in the circular path shown.

Which statement about the acceleration of the object when it is at point P is correct?

A. The acceleration is in the direction of arrow X.

B. The acceleration is in the direction of arrow Y.

C. The acceleration is in the direction of arrow Z.

D. The object is not accelerating.

4. A sphere P, made of steel, has a weight of 10 N on Earth.

Another sphere Q, also made of steel, has a weight of 10 N on Mars.

The gravitational field strength on Earth is greater than the gravitational field strength on
Mars.

Which statement is correct?

A. The mass of sphere P is the same as the mass of sphere Q.

B. The mass of sphere P is less than the mass of sphere Q.

C. On Mars, the weight of sphere P is more than 10 N.

D. On Earth, the weight of sphere Q is less than 10 N.

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5. The diagram shows three forces acting on an object.

What is the value of the resultant force acting on the object?

A. 2 N B. 10 N C. 14 N D. 16 N

6. A stone is dropped from rest at a height of 2.0 m above the surface of a planet. The
planet has no atmosphere.

The speed of the stone just before reaching the surface of the planet is 3.8 m/s

What is the acceleration of free fall on the planet?

A. zero B. 1.9 m/s2 C. 3.6 m/s2 D. 7.2 m/s2

7. An object with a mass of 0.20 kg moves at 0.20 m/s, as shown.

Which other object has a momentum that is identical to the momentum of this object?

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8. A concrete block falls vertically from an aeroplane.

The concrete block falls into the sea and sinks.

Which graph shows the vertical motion of the concrete block?

9. A footballer kicks a stationary football.

His foot is in contact with the ball for 0.050 s.

The mass of the ball is 0.40 kg.

The speed of projection of the ball is 25 m/s.

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What is the average force exerted on the ball by his foot?

A. 0.32 N B. 0.50 N C. 200 N D. 1300 N

10. An object of mass 1.0 kg is at rest on Earth. An identical object is at rest on a planet
with a gravitational field strength of twice that on Earth.

Which row correctly compares the object on the planet to the object on Earth?

11. A ball is at rest on the ground. A boy kicks the ball. The boy’s boot is in contact with the
ball for 0.040 s.

The average force on the ball is 200 N. The ball leaves the boy’s boot with a speed of 20
m/s.

Which row gives the impulse of the boot on the ball and the average acceleration of the
ball?

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12. An object of mass 4.0 kg is moving with a velocity of 3.0 m/s in a straight line.

What is the momentum of the object?

A. 0.75 kg m/s B. 1.3 kg m/s C. 12 kg m/s D. 24 kg m/s

13. Four students make statements about the mass of an object.

Which statement is correct?

A. The mass of an object depends on the gravitational field which acts on the object.

B. The mass of an object divided by its weight is equal to the acceleration with which it
falls freely.

C. The mass of an object increases when the temperature of the object increases.

D. The mass of an object resists change in motion of the object.

14. A brass ball and a feather are released at the same time.

On Earth, the ball reaches the ground first.

On the Moon, they reach the ground at the same time.

What is the explanation for this?

A. Both weigh the same on the Moon.

B. Both weigh less on the Moon.

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C. There is a greater air resistance on the Moon.

D. There is no air resistance on the Moon.

15. A car is driven from rest on a long straight road. The car engine exerts a constant
driving force.

The diagram shows the horizontal forces acting on the car. The resistive forces are
proportional to the speed of the car.

Why does the car eventually reach a maximum speed?

A. The resistive forces decrease to make the acceleration of the car negative.

B. The resistive forces decrease to make the acceleration of the car zero.

C. The resistive forces increase to make the acceleration of the car negative.

D. The resistive forces increase to make the acceleration of the car zero.

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CIE-IGCSE-Part II Theory

1. Fig. 1.1 shows a box attached to a parachute. The box and the parachute are falling
through the air.

Fig. 1.1

(a) Fig. 1.1 shows three vertical forces acting on the box and the parachute.

(i) Calculate the resultant vertical force and state its direction.

resultant vertical force = ....................................... N

direction .......................................

(ii) Suggest and explain what happens to the size of the upward vertical force on the
parachute if the area of the parachute used is increased.

suggestion ...................................................................................................................

explanation ..................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

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(b) Fig. 1.2 shows the speed–time graph for the box before the parachute is opened.

Fig. 1.2

(i) Determine the time when the speed of the box is 30 m/s.

time = ...................................................... s

(ii) Deduce the size of the resultant vertical force on the box when the time is 35 s.
Explain your answer.

size of resultant vertical force ......................................................................................

explanation ..................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(iii) Calculate the distance the box moves between time = 30 s and time = 40 s.

distance = ..................................................... m

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2. (a) Fig. 2.1 shows a lorry moving on a straight road. The arrows represent the horizontal
forces acting on the lorry. These forces act along the same straight line.

Fig. 2.1

(i) Calculate the size of the resultant horizontal force on the lorry.

size of resultant force = ..................................................... N

(ii) Describe the effect of a horizontal resultant force of zero on the speed of the lorry.

Put a tick (√) in one box.

(b) The speed of the motorcycle in Fig. 2.2 is 20 m/s.

Fig. 2.2

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The rider reacts to a sudden change in the traffic ahead.

He stops as quickly as possible by applying the brakes.

The total stopping distance is made up of the distance travelled while the rider is
reacting and the distance travelled when the brakes are applied.

Fig. 2.3 shows information about stopping when the speed of the motorcycle is 20 m/s.

Fig. 2.3

(i) Calculate the total stopping distance when the speed of the motorcycle is 20 m/s.

total stopping distance = ..................................................... m

(ii) Suggest one factor that could increase the total stopping distance.

.....................................................................................................................................

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3. Fig. 3.1 shows a train.

Fig. 3.1

The total mass of the train and its passengers is 750000 kg. The train is travelling at a
speed of 84 m/s. The driver applies the brakes and the train takes 80 s to slow down to
a speed of 42 m/s.

(a) Calculate the impulse applied to the train as it slows down.

impulse = .........................................................

(b) Calculate the average resultant force applied to the train as it slows down.

force = .........................................................

(c) Suggest how the shape of the train helps it to travel at high speeds.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

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(d) The train took 80 s to reduce its speed from 84 m/s to 42 m/s. Explain why, with the
same braking force, the train takes more than 80s to reduce its speed from 42 m/s to
zero.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

(e) On a wet day, the train travels a greater distance before it stops along the same track.
The train has the same speed of 84 m/s before the brakes are applied.

Suggest a reason for this.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

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4. Fig. 4.1 shows an athlete crossing the finishing line in a race. As she crosses the
finishing line, her speed is 10.0 m/ s. She slows down to a speed of 4.0 m/s.

Fig. 4.1

(a) The mass of the athlete is 71 kg. Calculate the impulse applied to her as she slows
down.

impulse = ........................................................

(b) (i) Define impulse in terms of force and time.

.......................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................

(ii) The athlete takes 1.2 s to slow down from a speed of 10.0 m/s to a speed of 4.0
m/s.

Calculate the average resultant force applied to the athlete as she slows down.

force = ........................................................

(c) Calculate the force required to give a mass of 71 kg an acceleration of 6.4 m/s 2.

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 force = ........................................................

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