Green University of Bangladesh

Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE)

Semester: ( Year: Spring 2023), B.Sc. in CSE (Day)

Digital Dice using Digital Logic

Course Title: Digital Logic Degain Lab

Course Code: CSE 204
Section: 221-D17
Students Details
Name ID
Shakib Hasan 221002397
Fahad Hasan 221002493
A.N.M Abdullah 202002054

Submission Date: 20.06.23

Course Teacher’s Name: Ms.Maisha Muntha

[For teachers use only: Don’t write anything inside this box]

Lab Project Status

Marks: Signature:

Comments: Date:
Contents

1 Introduction 2
1.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Problem Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.1 Problem Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.2 Complex Engineering Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4 Design Goals/Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.5 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Design of the Project 4

2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 Performance Evaluation 5
3.1 Simulation Environment/ Simulation Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2 Results Analysis/Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.3 Main Project View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.4 Results Overall Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4 Conclusion 7
4.1 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.3 Scope of Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5 Reference 10

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Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 Overview
The project aims to design and implement a digital dice using digital logic design tech-
niques. A digital dice is a device that simulates the rolling of a traditional dice using
electronic components. This project leverages the principles of digital logic design to
create a reliable and efficient dice that can generate random numbers within the range
of a standard six-sided dice.

1.2 Motivation
The need for a digital solution to replicate the functionality of traditional physical dice.
Physical dice are commonly used in various games, gambling activities, and educational
settings. However, they come with certain limitations such as the potential for bias, loss,
and inconvenience. By developing a digital dice, we aim to address these limitations
and provide a reliable and convenient alternative.
By implementing an automatic doorbell system, the project aims to enhance security
and convenience by automatically detecting the presence of a person and triggering the
doorbell accordingly. This eliminates the need for visitors to manually ring the bell and
ensures that occupants are promptly notified of someone’s arrival.
Simulating Randomness: Designing a digital dice presents an opportunity to ex-
plore the generation of random numbers using digital logic circuits. Understanding and
implementing techniques for generating randomness are crucial in various fields such as
cryptography, simulations, and gaming. User-Friendly Interaction: Developing a user
interface for the digital dice provides experience in designing intuitive and visually ap-
pealing interfaces. It allows us to consider user experience, aesthetics, and functionality
while creating an interactive and engaging application. Practical Skills Development:
This project enhances our practical skills, including circuit implementation, simulation,
testing, and documentation [?].

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1.3 Problem Definition

1.3.1 Problem Statement

The problem at hand is to design and implement a digital dice that can mimic the ran-
domness of a traditional dice. The device should generate random numbers between 1
and 6 with equal probabilities. It should be compact, reliable, and user-friendly

1.3.2 Complex Engineering Problem

Design and implement a digital dice using Digital Logic Design techniques to create
a compact and reliable environment/system that generates random numbers between 1
and 6 with equal probabilities

1.4 Design Goals/Objectives

The objectives of this project are as follows:
1.4.1 Design a circuit: Develop a digital logic circuit that accurately generates ran-
dom numbers between 1 and 6.
1.4.2 Implement the circuit: Use electronic components such as logic gates, flip-
flops, and counters to physically construct the digital dice circuit.
1.4.3 Ensure equal probabilities: Create a compact design for the digital dice, mak-
ing it portable and easy to use in various scenarios.
1.4.4 Compactness and portability: Create a compact design for the digital dice,
making it portable and easy to use in various scenarios.
1.4.5 Reliability and robustness: Test and validate the circuit to ensure its reliability
and robustness in generating random numbers consistently and accurately.
1.4.6 Documentation: Prepare comprehensive documentation detailing the design
process, circuit diagrams, components used, testing procedures, and any other relevant
information.

1.5 Application
This project is done in Breadboard with needed circuit equipments

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Chapter 2

Design of the Project

2.1 Introduction
2.1 Introduction Using IC 555 and 4017 here, we develop a Simple Dice Circuit. Here,
we have used 555 in its Astable mode and 4017 as a decade counter.
2.2 Project Details A Digital dice is a good alternative of old fashioned dice, it can’t
be biased or deformed. It operates at such high speed that no one can cheat. To create
this digital dice circuit, we have mainly used 555 timer IC and 4017 IC.
2.2.1 A brief overview of IC 555: The 555 Timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip)
implementing a variety of timer and multivibrator applications. The IC was designed by
Hans R. Camenzind in 1970 and brought to market in 1971 by Signetics (later acquired
by Philips). IC 555, or the 555 timer, is an integrated circuit widely used for timing
and pulse generation. It has three main operating modes: 1. Monostable Mode: In this
mode, the 555 timer acts as a "one-shot" timer. When triggered, it generates a single
output pulse of a fixed duration. It is commonly used for applications requiring time
delays or pulse generation. 2. Astable Mode: In astable mode, the 555 timer functions
as a free-running oscillator. It generates a continuous square wave output with a fixed
frequency and adjustable duty cycle. This mode is useful for applications like timing
circuits and frequency generators. 3. Bistable Mode: The 555 timer can also operate in
bistable mode, acting as a flip-flop or basic memory element. It has two stable states and
switches between them upon triggering. This mode is employed in applications such
as binary counters and control systems. The 555 timer IC consists of comparators, a
flip-flop, a discharge transistor, and timing components such as resistors and capacitors.
It operates on a single power supply voltage and can provide timing intervals ranging
from microseconds to hours. 2.2.2 A brief overview of IC 4017 4017 IC is a CMOS
decade counter chip. It can produce output at the 10 pins (Q0 – Q9) sequentially, means
it produce output one by one at the 10 output pins. This output is controlled through
the clock pulse at PIN 14. At first, output at Q0 (PIN 3) is HIGH, then with each clock
pulse, output advance to the next PIN. Like one clock pulse makes the Q0 LOW and
Q1 HIGH, and then the next clock pulse makes the Q1 LOW and Q2 HIGH, and so on.
After the Q9, it will start from the Q0 again. So it creates sequential ON and OFF of all
the 10 OUTPUT PINs. Here is the PIN diagram and PIN description of IC 4017

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Chapter 3

Performance Evaluation

3.1 Simulation Environment/ Simulation Procedure

Simulation environments such as Proteus, LTspice, Logisim, and TINA-TI can be used
to simulate the Trousless Auto Doorbell System in the Auto Doorbell DLD project.
These tools provide a platform to design and simulate the circuit, including compo-
nents like the IR sensor, LM358 IC, buzzer, and more. By utilizing these simulation
environments, the functionality of the Trousless Auto Doorbell circuit can be tested
virtually. This allows for verification of its operation, analysis of signal behavior, and
debugging of any potential issues before implementing the circuit in hardware.
However, it’s important to note that the availability and features of these simulation
environments may vary. It is recommended to refer to the documentation and tutorials
provided by each software to fully understand their capabilities and effectively use them
for simulating digital logic circuits.

3.2 Results Analysis/Testing

Apologies, but it seems that the information you provided earlier regarding the imple-
mentation and testing of the Trousless Auto Doorbell system was incomplete. Could
you please provide additional details or specifications about the testing process or any
specific results you would like to analyze? This will help in providing a more accurate
and relevant summary of the results analysis/testing for the Auto Doorbell DLD project.

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3.3 Main Project View

3.4 Results Overall Discussion

The results and discussion section of the Trousless Auto Doorbell project evaluates its
performance, sensor calibration, reliability, power consumption, user experience, and
compares it to traditional doorbell systems. Key points covered include:
System Performance: Accuracy, response times, limitations, and challenges. Sen-
sor Calibration and Accuracy: Calibration processes, sensor accuracy, and adjustments
made. Reliability and Robustness: Testing under different conditions, limitations, and
areas for improvement. Power Consumption: Measurement, analysis, power-saving
techniques, and their impact. User Experience and Convenience: User feedback on
convenience, ease of use, and reliability, along with suggestions. Comparison to Tradi-
tional Doorbell Systems: Functionality, reliability, and convenience compared to man-
ual doorbell systems. The results and discussion section provides a comprehensive
analysis of the Trousless Auto Doorbell system’s performance, reliability, user experi-
ence, and suggests areas for improvement. It highlights the project’s contributions to
digital logic design in automated doorbell systems.

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Chapter 4

Conclusion

4.1 Discussion
In the discussion section of the Trousless Auto Doorbell DLD project report, various
aspects of the project are analyzed, interpreted, and discussed in detail. Here are some
key points that could be included in the discussion:

• System Performance: Discuss the overall performance of the Trousless Auto

Doorbell system based on the evaluation results. Analyze the accuracy of person
detection, the responsiveness of the doorbell activation, and the system’s ability
to function reliably under different conditions.

• Sensor Calibration and Accuracy: Reflect on the calibration process of the IR

or proximity sensor used in the project. Discuss any challenges faced during
calibration and adjustments made to improve the sensor’s accuracy and reliability.

• Reliability and Robustness: Evaluate the system’s reliability and robustness in

terms of consistent operation under various environmental conditions. Discuss
the system’s limitations, such as potential false triggers or missed detections, and
propose potential solutions or improvements.

• Power Consumption: Analyze the power consumption of the Trousless Auto

Doorbell system and discuss its efficiency. Highlight any implemented power-
saving techniques and their impact on the overall power usage and battery life.

• Comparison to Traditional Doorbell Systems: Compare the Trousless Auto Door-

bell system to traditional manual doorbell systems. Discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of the automated system, emphasizing its improvements over man-
ual doorbells in terms of convenience, reliability, and user experience.

The discussion section should provide a comprehensive analysis of the Trousless Auto
Doorbell system’s performance, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. It should
also propose potential solutions and recommendations for further development and im-
provement of the system.

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4.2 Limitations
In the Trousless Auto Doorbell DLD project report, it is important to discuss the limita-
tions or constraints encountered during the project. Here are some potential limitations
that could be addressed:

• Range Limitations: The system’s range for detecting a person near the door may
be limited, affecting its effectiveness in larger or multi-story buildings. Discuss
the maximum range achieved and any challenges faced in extending the range.

• Environmental Factors: The Trousless Auto Doorbell system may be sensitive

to environmental factors such as varying lighting conditions or interference from
other devices. Address any limitations related to environmental factors and pro-
pose potential solutions to mitigate their impact.

• False Triggers: The system may occasionally trigger the doorbell due to false de-
tections, such as movement from non-human objects or fluctuations in the sensor
readings. Discuss the frequency of false triggers and explore possible techniques
to minimize them.

• Power Consumption: Analyze the power consumption of the system and discuss
any limitations related to battery life or power efficiency. Consider the impact
of power-saving techniques implemented and suggest further improvements if
necessary.

• User Interaction: Discuss any limitations or challenges related to user interaction

with the system, such as the need for manual adjustments or settings. Explore
ways to enhance user convenience and ease of use. .

It is essential to acknowledge these limitations in the project report as they provide

insights into areas where the Trousless Auto Doorbell system can be further improved
or optimized. Additionally, it demonstrates a realistic understanding of the system’s
capabilities and potential challenges in real-world applications.

4.3 Scope of Future Work

The Trousless Auto Doorbell DLD project report can also include a discussion on the
future scope and potential enhancements of the system. Here are some ideas to consider:

• The Trousless Auto Doorbell DLD project report can also include a discussion on
the future scope and potential enhancements of the system. Here are some ideas
to consider:

• Integration with Smart Home Systems: Explore the possibility of integrating the
Trousless Auto Doorbell system with existing smart home systems. This integra-
tion could enable features such as mobile app notifications, remote control, and
integration with voice assistants.

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 • Machine Learning Algorithms: Consider the application of machine learning al-
gorithms to improve the system’s detection accuracy and reduce false triggers.
Training the system using labeled data can potentially enhance its ability to dis-
tinguish between human and non-human movement.

• Enhanced User Interface: Explore ways to improve the user interface of the
Trousless Auto Doorbell system. This could involve designing a user-friendly
mobile application or adding visual indicators to provide feedback on the sys-
tem’s status.

• Integration with Security Systems: Investigate the possibility of integrating the

Trousless Auto Doorbell system with existing security systems, such as surveil-
lance cameras or alarm systems. This integration could enhance home security
and provide a comprehensive solution.

• Multi-Device Support: Investigate the feasibility of supporting multiple devices,

such as doorbells in different locations or integration with intercom systems, to
provide a seamless experience throughout the entire property.

By discussing the future scope of the Trousless Auto Doorbell system, the project
report demonstrates the potential for further development and expansion of the system
beyond its current implementation. It also highlights the project’s contribution to the
field of automated doorbell systems and opens up avenues for future research and inno-
vation.

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Chapter 5

Reference

• https://www.coursehero.com

• https://studylib.net

• https://www.electronicsforu.com

• https://responsiblesensinglab.org

• https://www.scribd.com/

• https://www.academia.edu/

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