ANSWER KEY: Learning about plants

1. Match the following functions with the corresponding part of the plant.

It transports water and

mineral salts from the
soil to the leaves.

They allow the exchange

of gases.

They keep the plant

attached to the soil.

They produce the

nutrients for the plant
through photosynthesis.

It allows the plant to

absorb water and mineral
salts from the soil.

It holds the leaves,

flowers and fruits.

2. What would happen to a plant if its leaves were covered with aluminum foil?

The plant will start to dry up, because it will not be able to make itself the
necessary nutrients, given that aluminum foil will prevent the leaves from receiving
sunlight to go through the process of photosynthesis.

3. What would happen to a plant if its roots were covered with a plastic bag?

The plant will dry up quickly, because its roots will not be able to absorb water from
the soil.
4. What would happen to a plant if its leaves were covered with a transparent bag?

The plant will start to dry up, because it will not be able to absorb carbon dioxide
from the atmosphere, which is necessary to make its own nutrients.

5. The following image shows the cycle of life of a flowering plant.

a) What would happen if at the beginning of Phase 1, the soil was completely
dry due to high temperatures? Why?

If there is not enough water in the soil, the plant will not be able to keep
germinating and developing its leaves and roots, due to the fact that water is an
essential element for germination.
 b) What would happen in Phase 2 if bees and all the other pollinating agents
disappeared? Why?

There will not be pollination or growth of fruit, because bees and other pollinating
agents help to transport pollen to the pistil, which is necessary for the formation of
fruit.

c) What stage would be directly affected if after the flowering process, frosts
made flowers fall?

The formation of fruit would be affected, because thanks to the development of

flowers (ovary) fruits are formed.

6. Match the following native plants of Chile with their corresponding region.

Espino

Monkey puzzle tree

Chilean mesquite

Tamarugo

Copihue

Candelabra cactus
7. Francisca’s grandfather gave her some orange tree seeds so she could plant
them in her backyard. What procedure should Francisca follow to obtain
oranges from these seeds? How should she take care of the plant?

First, Francisca should look for an area where the soil is not polluted and receives
plenty of sunlight, without other plants that could block it. Then, she should plant
the seeds and water them frequently until they germinate. After that, she should
always keep the soil moist so that the plant continues to grow, watering it regularly,
so it can produce flowers and carry out pollination. This will allow the formation of
fruit.

8. Match the parts of this flower with their corresponding functions.

They attract insects

and birds that act as
agents of pollination.

It contains grains of
pollen.

It contains ovules.

It protects the
stamens and pistil.
9. Complete the sentences with the corresponding concept.

a) Plants can produce nutrients thanks to the carbon dioxide that they absorb
through the stomas of their leaves.

b) Sunlight is received by the leaves, which allows the plant to go through the
process of photosynthesis.

c) Water is absorbed by the roots, and then it is transported by the stems

through the rest of the plant.

d) During the process of pollination, grains of pollen from the stamens to the
pistil of the flower.

10. These pictures show the process of formation of a fruit. Number them from 1 to
3 accordingly and complete the information below.

2 3 1

Formation of the Formation of the Pollination process

seed fruit