20/3/23, 23:44 Mauro Prosperi - Wikipedia

Mauro Prosperi
Mauro Prosperi (born 13 July 1955) is a former Italian
police officer and pentathlete, most notable for his nine-day
Mauro Prosperi
disappearance and survival in the Sahara Desert, whilst
competing in the 1994 Marathon des Sables (Marathon of the
Sands) in Morocco.

Early life
Prosperi was born in the Italian capital city of Rome on 13 July
1955.[1]
Marathon des Sables runners
One year prior to graduating from his secondary school, a liceo
Personal information
artistico (an Italian secondary school focused on the study of
art subjects) in 1974, Prosperi began working for the Polizia di Nationality Italian
Stato (the national police force of Italy) as a crowd-control Born 13 July 1955
police officer.[2] Rome, Italy

Prosperi met his wife Cinzia Pagliara at a pre-Olympic Occupation Former police officer
pentathlon event, where Pagliara was working as an English- and pentathlete
and Russian-language interpreter. [3] In an interview with Sport
Netflix in 2019, Pagliara noted that she admired Prosperi's Country
Italy
positivity and enthusiasm towards overcoming challenges and
obstacles at the event.[3] Within six months, the pair had Sport Endurance running
married and now have three children together.[3] However, in
a 2014 interview with BBC News, Prosperi noted that his marriage with Pagliara had ended, largely
due to the nature of his lifestyle.[4]

Marathon des Sables and disappearance

Prosperi was first informed of the Marathon Des Sables by a friend of seven years and fellow
running enthusiast Giovanni Manzo, who entertained the idea that they compete in the 251-
kilometer (156 mi) long race together.[3] Keen to challenge himself and drawn towards a new
environment of the Sahara Desert, Prosperi began preparing by running 40 kilometers daily and
reducing his drinking water intake in aims to acclimatise his body to the feeling of
dehydration.[1][3] His wife, although never preventing Prosperi from competing, expressed her
concerns, due to the extreme nature of the event.[4]

Starting in Foum Zguid, Morocco on 10 April 1994, 39-year-old Prosperi set off with Manzo,
amongst eighty other runners, to compete in the ultramarathon, his first desert event.[3] During
the first three days of the marathon, Prosperi and Manzo covered 96 kilometers (60 mi) of terrain
composed of salt beds, rock surfaces and sand dunes.[5] All competitors began running together in
the morning, yet due to the small number of participants and differing paces of each individual,
each person was running almost entirely alone.[3] Abiding to race regulations, Prosperi navigated
the desert in a self-contained fashion, carrying his own supplies of food, clothing, sleeping bag,
compass, portable stove and emergency kit with a signal flare within his backpack, whereas water
was supplied at race checkpoint stations.[5]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauro_Prosperi 1/6
20/3/23, 23:44 Mauro Prosperi - Wikipedia

By 14 April, the fourth and longest leg of the marathon,

spanning over 85 kilometers (53  mi),[3] Prosperi had
maintained momentum. By early afternoon, he had left Manzo
behind and increased his pace, to rank in a position of fourth
place.[3] Temperatures that day had peaked at 46 °C (115 °F).[3]
Due to the intensity of the sun's rays upon the sand, Prosperi
experienced a rise in heated surface air, which in return created
swirling winds that were able to travel at rapid speeds, due to
the large expanse of the desert.[5] Feeling the increasing effect
of the wind, at 32 kilometers (20  mi) into that day's run, he Competitors running the Marathon
began to cut across small sand dunes to increase his pace.[3] des Sables
However, stronger gusts of air began to lift the smaller dunes,
clouding Prosperi's vision and amounting to a severe
sandstorm. In fear of being submerged by the sand if he remained stationary, Prosperi continued
to run for the entirety of the storm, which lasted eight hours, determined he was able to see the
marathon trail.[1] In an interview with Men's Journal Magazine in 1998, Prosperi said:

"When the sandstorm started to blow, I lost sight of everybody else. I kept running,
though, because I thought I could see the trail. I was in seventh place and didn't want to
lose my standing. It was nearly dark before the winds relented. I started running again,
but after a few minutes it occurred to me that I had lost the trail."[2]

Due to the intensity of the windblown sand grains upon his skin, Prosperi experienced bleeding
within his nose and injuries in his throat, whilst breathing in the particles of sand.[5] It was not
until that evening, following the storm's passing, that he stopped to rest by sheltering in a bush and
covering his face with a towel.[3]

The following morning, the winds had halted. He awoke and

continued to run for four hours, convinced he would find other
competitors of the race.[6] However, following a climb to the
summit of a tall dune, Prosperi was unable to identify any other
participants, and furthermore realised that all signs and
landmarks indicating the race trail had disappeared following
the storm.[5][1] By this time he also noted the liquid in his water
bottle depleting and attempted to drink the remaining water in
his bottle as slowly as he could.[1] This method however, was Sahara Desert
not sufficient to maintain his hydration levels. Remembering a
war tale from his grandfather's experience as a soldier, Prosperi
began recycling his fluids by urinating in his spare water bottle.[1]

Abiding to race regulation that advised competitors to remain stationary and await rescue, he
awaited assistance.[7] It was not until sunset that he noticed a low-flying helicopter, on loan to
Marathon coordinators by the Moroccan police,[1] approaching his direction. He presumably
believed it was sent in his search. In attempts to capture the pilot's attention, he fired a small flare
into the air. However, he was unsuccessful.[5]

Survival in the desert

The following day, he began walking in search of shade and water, as he estimated that remaining
stationary under the desert sun would endanger him to facing heat stroke.[1] He withheld a
compass within his backpack, yet in all directions he noticed nothing but sand amongst the

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauro_Prosperi 2/6
20/3/23, 23:44 Mauro Prosperi - Wikipedia

horizon.[5] After hours of walking, Prosperi stumbled upon a vacant Muslim Marabout shrine.[6]
To Prosperi's disappointment, the shrine was uninhabited and long abandoned.[1] In an interview
with BBC News in 2014, he stated:

"I came across a marabout—a Muslim shrine—where Bedouins stop when they are
crossing the desert. I was hoping it was inhabited, but unfortunately there was nobody
there—only a holy man in a coffin."[4]

Prosperi used the shrine as a shelter for the following days, hoping to be found.[1] During this time,
he ate portions of his food rations within his backpack by cooking them with fresh urine on his
portable burner. He also attempted to maintain hydration by sucking upon wet wipes from his
pack, licking dew off of rocks during the morning and continuing to drink his urine.[1] Prosperi
further decided to plant a small Italian flag, with which he withheld in his bag, atop the roof of the
structure.[5] He hoped this would attract the attention of any individuals in search of him or serve
as evidence of his whereabouts to his family if he were to die.[1] Whilst atop the shrine, Prosperi
noted a colony of bats within the tower. By removing their heads with his pocket knife, sucking
their blood and eating their insides raw, Prosperi nourished himself.[7] He further drew upon bird
eggs, beetles and lizards he found near the shrine as food, absorbing any moisture from these
animals by cooking the flesh.[1] On the fourth day of Prosperi's disappearance, another plane flew
over his location.[7] He began tracing the distress signal 'SOS' in the sand and lighting a fire with
any synthetic materials within his possession, such as his rucksack, to create a smoke signal.[3][8]
As the fire began to light up, another sandstorm struck, lasting twelve hours and leaving Prosperi
stranded once again.[1] Having failed to attract help, Prosperi wrote a farewell message to his
family with a piece of charcoal.[8] Using his pocket knife, he attempted to end his life by cutting his
wrists.[5] With the intention of exsanguination, he lay down in the shrine and awaited an overnight
death.[7] Prosperi recounted his motivations in an interview in 2014:

"I was very depressed. I was convinced I was going to die and that it was going to be a
long agonising death, so I wanted to accelerate it. I thought if I died out in the desert
no-one would find me, and my wife wouldn't get the police pension—in Italy, if
someone goes missing you have to wait 10 years before they can be declared dead. At
least if I died in this Muslim shrine they would find my body, and my wife would have
an income."[1]

By morning, Prosperi awoke to minimal bleeding upon his wrists.[7] Due to the shallow depth of
the incisions he cut and his high level of dehydration, the blood within his veins had clotted instead
of freely flowing, ensuring his survival.[5][3] Prosperi said that this experience aided him in
regaining confidence and determination to continue.[8]

Departing from the Shrine, Prosperi continued walking for days, travelling only when
temperatures were cool, early in the morning and later in the evening.[5] He attempted to shield
himself from the sun throughout the daytime by finding shade against cliffs, caves or beneath
trees. In the evenings, he dug pits and submerged his body with sand to insulate himself.[5]
Continually moving towards the direction of mountains he noted in the distance, Prosperi
maintained his survival by squeezing liquid from plant roots and hunting for beetles, snakes and
lizards as food.[2]

By the eighth day of his disappearance, he came across an oasis containing a puddle of water.[7][3]
Due to severe levels of swelling within his throat and mouth caused by dehydration, Prosperi was
unable to swallow water, vomiting his initial mouth-fulls.[2][5] He lay alongside the puddle for
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauro_Prosperi 3/6
20/3/23, 23:44 Mauro Prosperi - Wikipedia

hours, periodically sipping the water for the remainder of that day.[5] By the following morning,
Prosperi had filled his water container and continued walking.[5] Later that day, he identified signs
of fresh goat droppings.[8] Following the trail of animal egestion led him towards human
footprints.[8] Prosperi then noticed a young Tuareg girl tending to the trip of goats.[2] By running
towards her and begging for help he scared her.[2] The girl ran away screaming and disappeared
over a dune.[2] In an interview, Prosperi said:

"She looked at me aghast, screaming in terror. I beseeched her to stop, but she
disappeared over a dune. I must be a hideous sight, I thought. I took out my signal
mirror and turned it toward my face. I was appalled. I was a skeleton. My eyes had sunk
so far back into my skull, I couldn't see them."[2]

Rescue and recovery

The young girl returned with her grandmother, who led him towards a Berber Tent in the Tuareg
Camp.[8] After being tended to by a group of Tuareg women who served him mint tea and a cup of
goat's milk, Prosperi was offered food, yet he was unable to digest it and threw up.[5] He was first
loaded onto a camel for several hours by the camp's Tuareg men who took him to the nearest
village.[2] There, Prosperi was turned over to a patrol of military police who blindfolded him, in
suspicion he may have been a Moroccan spy.[2] Once transported to a military base and
interrogated, Prosperi was identified and taken to a hospital in Tindouf.[1]

Prosperi had wandered 289 kilometers (180  mi) off-course

from the marathon track, traversing the Jebel Bani Mountain
range and unknowingly across the Moroccan border into
Algeria.[6][2][1] He remained at the infirmary in Algeria for
seven days, during which he called his wife who presumed he
was dead.[2]

During his disappearance, Prosperi's brother and brother-in-

An image of a Tuareg family in 1907
law had flown from Italy to join marathon organisers, the
Moroccan Military and Bedouin trackers in search of him.[1]
Coordinators of the Marathon des Sables were dispatched to search the race trail with Land
Rovers, while pilots conducted a fly-over in an ultralight craft.[2] While they discovered traces of
Prosperi's route that he had intentionally left behind, they were unable to find him.[5] Searchers
also reached the Marabout, identifying signs of Prosperi's time in the shrine.[2] Despite these
traces, searchers presumed Prosperi's death, convinced they were in search of his corpse.[1]

Aftermath and return

Doctors reported a weight loss of fifteen kilograms (thirty-three pounds) for Prosperi, and that 16
litres of intravenous fluids were required to replenish his water loss.[6][9] He suffered damage to
his liver, disabling him from digesting food and causing him to eat soup, liquids and food ground
up by a blender for months.[9] Prosperi experienced severe leg cramps for a year and his kidneys
experienced permanent damage.[6] It took almost two years for Prosperi to recover.[2][9] After
recovering for seven days in Algerian hospitals, Prosperi returned to Rome.[2] He was reunited
with his family and received a welcoming return home.[8] Prosperi was interviewed as his story was
told in newspaper articles and photographed with Italian dignitaries.[2]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauro_Prosperi 4/6
20/3/23, 23:44 Mauro Prosperi - Wikipedia

Following his disappearance, race regulations of the Marathon des Sables were altered to ensure
participants' safety was improved. Runners are now equipped with heavier and larger distress
flares, to be used in cases of disorientation.[6]

Prosperi has since returned to the Marathon Des Sables six times, notably placing 13th in
2001.[7][10] He has said that once he starts something, he wants to finish it.[1][3] Prosperi has also
expressed his love for the desert, saying he is drawn to experiencing it every year.[2] He has stated
that sport and nature are significant parts of his life and that these races allow him to experience
these aspects first-hand.[1]

"I feel a connection there", he said. "I love the clarity. And you see, the Sahara spared
my life. Those days in the desert were my happiest."[2]

Portrayal in media
Public reception to Prosperi's story is polarised, largely due to his portrayal within the media.[2]
Following his return to Italy, Prosperi was celebrated widely as the man who had come back from
the dead, and was named "the Robinson Crusoe of the Sahara".[8][2] Despite this, several sports
physiologists have questioned the medical viability of his account, with some saying Prosperi
exacerbated or staged the occurrence for fame.[2][8] In 1998, Marathon Des Sables founder Patrick
Bauer told Men's Journal that Prosperi's story was a fabrication, saying:

"Don't listen to Mr. Prosperi, his story is a fabrication. He will have you believe he is
Superman. It is physiologically impossible for a man to travel more than 200
kilometers in the desert without water. This is a supernatural act. It's possible that he
got genuinely lost for a few days. But all the rest rings false. We believe that early on he
was picked up by someone. And then he decided to hide out for a while.[2] He thought
he could make a killing out of this if he prolonged his ordeal. He thought he could sell
his story to the tabloids. He aspired to be the star of his own movie."[2]

Following the publications of these stories, Prosperi considered a lawsuit against Bauer that would
have claimed, among other concerns, that the marathon trail was poorly marked, but ultimately
never filed the suit, believing the dispute to be a personal rather than legal matter.[8][2]

In 1995, a Roman film crew retraced Prosperi's steps for a reenactment documentary of his
survival.[2] The filming crew located the Marabout shrine in which Prosperi rested and discovered
some of his possessions, along with several bat skeletons.[2]

In 2004, Prosperi's survival story was depicted on the National

Geographic Channel in a documentary titled Expeditions to the
Edge: Sahara Nightmare, and within episode 5 ("Lost in the Logo of the film The Revenant
Desert") of the 2019 Netflix series Losers. [11][3] In 2014, British
adventurer and survival instructor Bear Grylls also drew
influence from Prosperi's survival in the Sahara Desert within an episode of his six-part Discovery
Channel series Bear Grylls: Escape from Hell.[12] The third episode of the series, entitled "Desert",
follows Grylls re-creating aspects of Prosperi's survival story.[12] Prosperi's story of endurance was
also broadcast in a promotional campaign by 20th Century Fox in December 2015 in support of the
American drama film The Revenant, released the same year.[13] The campaign was promoted on
the film studio's YouTube channel and entitled "The Revenant | Shouldn't Be Alive: Mauro
Prosperi".[13]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauro_Prosperi 5/6
20/3/23, 23:44 Mauro Prosperi - Wikipedia

In May 2020, Prosperi published his book, written in Italian, alongside his former wife and co-
author Cinzia Pagliara, entitled Quei 10 Giorni Oltre la Vita ("Those 10 Days Beyond Life").[14]

References
1. "How I drank urine and bat blood to survive" (https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-30046426).
BBC News. 27 November 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
2. "Crazy In The Desert by Hampton Sides" (https://www.mensjournal.com/features/crazy-in-the-d
esert-w474055/). Men's Journal. 7 April 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
3. "Losers | Netflix Official Site" (https://www.netflix.com/title/80198306). netflix.com. Retrieved
2 November 2020.
4. Fidgen, Jo. "Lost in the desert: the extraordinary survival of Mauro Prosperi" (https://www.bbc.c
o.uk/programmes/p02cww26). bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
5. Kamler, Kenneth (1 January 2012). Surviving the Extremes: A Doctor's Journey to the Limits of
Human Endurance (https://books.google.com/books?id=8OvD7W1qY4kC&dq=mauro+prosperi
&pg=PT147). Hachette Australia. ISBN 978-0-7336-2909-9.
6. "A marathon runner had to drink urine and eat bats to survive in the desert for over a week" (htt
ps://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/marathon-runner-mauro-prosperi-drank-urine-
and-ate-bats-snakes-and-lizards-survive-desert-over-week-9888424.html). The Independent.
27 November 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
7. Long, David (25 October 2016). Survivors (https://books.google.com/books?id=u6g7DAAAQB
AJ&q=mauro+prosperi). Faber & Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-31603-8.
8. "Alone in the Sahara: The Survival Story of Mauro Prosperi" (https://www.offgridweb.com/surviv
al/alone-in-the-sahara-the-survival-story-of-mauro-prosperi/). RECOIL OFFGRID. 8 April 2018.
Retrieved 2 November 2020.
9. Larry Kenney, Wm; Degroot, David; Alexander Holowatz, Lacy. "Extremes of human heat
tolerance: Life at the precipice of thermoregulatory failure" (https://www.researchgate.net/public
ation/248534259). Journal of Thermal Biology. 29 – via ResearchGate.
10. "Rankings Archives | 35ème MARATHON DES SABLES - Site officiel" (https://www.marathond
essables.com/en/rankings/rankings-archives). marathondessables.com. Retrieved 2 November
2020.
11. Denham, Philippe, Sahara (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0868093/) (Documentary, History),
Jarrad Baker, J. K. Balthazar, Michael Bell, Gianluca Bin, GRB Entertainment, retrieved
10 November 2020
12. Desert (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4274860/?ref_=ttfc_fc_cl_i1) (Reality-TV), Bear Grylls, 18
October 2013, retrieved 6 November 2020
13. "The Revenant | Shouldn't Be Alive: Mauro Prosperi | 20th Century Fox [HD] - YouTube" (http
s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4hmpIW4qfU). youtube.com. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
14. Prosperi, Mauro; Pagliara, Cinzia (27 May 2020). Quei 10 giorni oltre la vita (https://www.amaz
on.com.au/Quei-giorni-oltre-vita-Italian-ebook/dp/B089B2VKJS). Gingko Edizioni.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mauro_Prosperi&oldid=1122886594"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauro_Prosperi 6/6