Department of Education

Region III
Division of City of San Fernando
LARA INTEGRATED SCHOOL
City of San Fernando, Pampanga

The Impacts and Sustainable Practices of Tree Cutting: A Comprehensive

Research Overview

Prepared by:

Camaya, Prince Kyle M.

Ronquillo, Sophia A.

Checked by:

Urbano, Debbie D.
ESP teacher

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Table of Contents

Introduction…………………………………………………………………....3

Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………...4

Review of Related Literature………………………………………………….4

Discussion……………………………………………………………………..6

Conclusion...…………………………………………………………………..8

Recommendation…………………………………………………...………..10

Reference List………………………………………………………………..11

Curriculum Vitae…………………………………………………………….12

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The Impacts and Sustainable Practices of Tree Cutting: A Comprehensive

Research Overview

Introduction

“Tree cutting,” “tree felling,” or “logging” is the deliberate removal of trees from forests,

cities, or other designated areas; this activity has substantial effects on society and the

environment, which makes it a subject of strong concern and study interest.

Understanding the reasons of tree cutting is essential for finding effective solutions to the

problem. To clear land for habitation, grow agriculture, build infrastructure, and provide wood

for fire, trees are routinely cut down. These activities may have short-term benefits, but also have

the potential to have long-term negative effects on the ecosystem, such as deforestation, habitat

loss, soil erosion, and a decline in biodiversity.

Tree removal has an impact on the environment that goes beyond neighborhood

ecosystems. The retention of carbon in forests is crucial for minimizing climate change. Diverse

tree removals can increase greenhouse gas emissions and hasten global warming. Additionally,

the removal of trees can disrupt water cycles, change rainfall patterns, and other aspects of the

ecological balance.

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 Aside from environmental effects, cutting down trees has social and financial

ramifications as well. The lives of communities who rely on forests for food may be affected,

disagreements over property rights and resource allocation may result, and the cultural and

spiritual significance of forests to Indigenous peoples may be diminished.

Statement of the Problem

The major reason of conducting this study is to know The Impact and Sustainable

Practices of Tree Cutting.

The following research questions were formulated to guide this study:

1. What could be the effect tree cutting to the nature life?

2. What are the primary environmental consequences of indiscriminate tree cutting and

deforestation?

3. How does deforestation affect soil erosion, water cycles, and air quality?

4. How can sustainable forestry practices promote economic stability and sustainable

resource management?

Review of Related Literature/Study

(Sumit Chakravarty1, S. K. Ghosh2, C. P. Suresh2, A. N. Dey1 and Gopal Shukla, 2012)

South America experienced the largest annual forest loss in the last decade, with Africa

following closely behind. Brazil and Indonesia had the highest loss in 1990, but have

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significantly reduced their rate since then. North and Central America remained stable, while

Europe expanded at a slower rate, and Asia experienced a 2.2 million hectares annual loss. These

losses contribute to the environmental consequences like climate change, global warming,

decreasing air quality, and soil erosion.

(Sumit Chakravarty1, S. K. Ghosh2, C. P. Suresh2, A. N. Dey1 and Gopal Shukla, 2012)

Farmers, commercial farmers, ranchers, loggers, wood collectors, and infrastructure builders are

examples of deforestation agents, and causes are the things that drive them to clear out forests.

Direct and indirect causes have been distinguished in current literature. (Panayotou, 1990;

Barbier et al., 1994; Caviglia, 1999).

(Sumit Chakravarty1, S. K. Ghosh2, C. P. Suresh2, A. N. Dey1 and Gopal Shukla, 2012)

Economic systems struggle to accurately represent environmental value, disregarding benefits

from tropical forests and relying on financial incentives.

Deforestation does not always result from logging. But logging has the potential to

significantly harm forests. (Putz et al., 2001). And although logging in Southeast Asia can harm

forests, it also creates access roads and funds for land clearing for farming or planting pastures.

(Chomitz et al., 2007). This proves to be also beneficial for economical improvements going on

the Earth.

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 Wood is used as an alternative for energy. Fortunately, in humid tropical locations,

fuelwood is not the main reason for deforestation, but in populous areas like the Philippines,

Thailand, and Central America, it is. (Repetto, 1990).

Discussion

1. Causes of Tree Cutting

a. Population Growth: Rapid population expansion and poverty may force individuals to

depend on forests for subsistence activities like farming, hunting, and gathering. Lack of

alternative economic sources and poverty might result in unsustainable behaviors that

fuel deforestation.

b. Infrastructure Development: Deforestation may be brought on by the building of

highways, dams, mining operations, and urbanization. Large areas of forest must be

cleared for these activities in order to make room for infrastructural development and

habitation.

c. Fuelwood and Charcoal: For the purposes of gathering fuelwood and making charcoal,

which are necessary energy sources for cooking and heating, forests are removed in

many developing nations. The dependence on these conventional fuel sources strains

forests, especially in areas with dense populations.

2. Effects of Tree Cutting

a. Climate Change: Due to their ability to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) during

photosynthesis, trees are essential for controlling the climate. When forests are cut down,

the carbon that has been stored in them is released as CO2, which increases greenhouse

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 gas emissions. Deforestation contributes significantly to global CO2 emissions and is a

major cause of climate change.

b. Habitat Destruction: Numerous species depend on the habitat that forests provide.

Animals lose their homes when trees are cut down, which causes them to move and

reduces their populations. Furthermore, affecting species' ability to travel, locate food,

and reproduce, fragmented woods also make it difficult for them to survive.

c. Soil Erosion: By holding the soil in place, tree roots help to bind the soil and prevent

erosion. When forests are cut down, the exposed soil is more vulnerable to wind and

water erosion. The amount of organic matter contributed to the soil decreases due to the

loss of trees, which has an impact on the soil's fertility and nutrient content.

d. Economic Impacts: While the sale of timber or the conversion of land for agriculture

may result in short-term financial gains due to deforestation, the long-term effects may

be harmful. Through ecotourism, non-timber forest products, and ecosystem services like

water purification and climate regulation, forests provide sustainable livelihoods. These

economic advantages may be affected by deforestation, especially in the long run.

e. Water Cycle Disruption: By taking water from the soil and releasing it into the

atmosphere through evapotranspiration, trees play a critical part in the water cycle. This

cycle is broken by deforestation, which also alters rainfall patterns, reduces groundwater

recharge, and makes areas more susceptible to droughts and floods.

3. Solutions

a. Awareness and Education: Make the general public, policymakers, and stakeholders

more aware of the value of forests and the effects of deforestation. Encourage

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 educational and capacity-building initiatives that place a strong emphasis on

biodiversity, preserving forests, and sustainable land use.

b. International Cooperation and Trade Agreement: Encourage international cooperation to

combat deforestation, including international agreements to stop illegal logging and

advance sustainable forest management. Implement measures to deter the import and

exchange of goods associated with deforestation, such as timber, unsustainable palm oil,

and soybeans.

c. Reforestation: To restore damaged forests and establish new forests in appropriate

locations, implement large-scale reforestation projects. Promote the planting of native

tree species, which are better suited to regional ecosystems and aid in the preservation of

biodiversity. Establishing woods where none previously existed, such as on degraded

land or in urban areas, is known as afforestation.

d. Alternative Livelihoods: Especially in underdeveloped nations, give communities that

depend on forest resources alternate forms of income. Support programs that encourage

sustainable means of subsistence, such as ecotourism, community-based forest

management, and the development of non-timber forest products.

e. Sustainable Land Use and Agriculture: Encourage agricultural methods that reduce the

need for additional deforestation. Encourage agroforestry, which combines trees with

agricultural products to meet food production demands while maintaining forest cover.

Support programs that highlight ethical and sustainable farming practices, such as

f. permaculture and organic farming.

Conclusion

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 In conclusion, there is an urgent need for coordinated global, national, and local actions

to address the issue of tree cutting or deforestation. There are significant negative effects on the

ecosystem, biodiversity, climate, and human well-being from the indiscriminate destruction of

forests for agriculture, forestry, infrastructure construction, and other human activities.

Deforestation has a number of negative repercussions that highlight the urgent need for remedies,

including biodiversity loss, habitat loss, climate change, soil erosion, and disturbance of the

water cycle.

An expanded strategy is required to stop tree cutting. This strategy ought to include

sustainable land use and agriculture methods, reforestation and afforestation projects,

conservation and protected areas, sustainable forest management, financial incentives and

policies, global trade agreements and cooperation, awareness-raising and education campaigns,

and the promotion of alternative livelihoods.

We can mitigate climate change, restore and protect forests, maintain biodiversity,

conserve essential ecosystem services, and promote community sustainability by putting these

ideas into practice. It necessitates a change in mindset toward a longer-term, more

comprehensive outlook that acknowledges the intrinsic importance of forests and the necessity of

striking a balance between human activity and the preservation of natural resources.

To address the underlying reasons of tree cutting, it is crucial for governments,

communities, and individuals to collaborate and include one another. We can guarantee a

greener, more resilient future for future generations by emphasizing sustainable activities,

preserving forest ecosystems, and encouraging responsible stewardship of our natural resources.

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We can only counteract the negative impacts of deforestation by working together to build a

world where forests flourish and offer a variety of advantages to both nature and humanity.

Recommendation

1. Strengthen Legislation and Enforcement: To maintain forests and control tree-cutting

activities, governments should pass and implement strict rules and regulations. To

prevent and punish offenders, strengthen the penalty for unlawful logging and make sure

that appropriate monitoring and enforcement systems are in place.

2. Promote Sustainable Land Use Planning: Develop a thorough land use plan that considers

the preservation and sustainable management of forests. Encourage zoning regulations

that place an emphasis on preserving forests and restrict their clearing for infrastructure,

agriculture, and other objectives.

3. Invest in Reforestation: Allocate funds and resources for extensive projects of

reforestation and forest restoration. Give native tree species planting and habitat

restoration first priority. Encourage community involvement in reforestation projects and

public-private partnerships.

4. Foster Research and Innovation: Invest in research and development to advance

techniques and technology that support sustainable forestry, remote sensing to track the

loss of forests, and alternative materials to lower the need for wood-based products.

5. Encourage Sustainable Agriculture Practices: Encourage farming methods that are

sustainable so as to lessen the need for additional deforestation. Educate and assist

farmers in implementing agroforestry, organic farming, and other sustainable agricultural

practices that incorporate tree cover and safeguard soil health.

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Reference List

Panayotou, T. (1990). The economics of environmental degradation: problems, causes and

responses, HIID Development discussion papers 335. Harvard University.

https://www.hks.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/centers/cid/files/

publications/faculty-working-papers/056.pdf?

fbclid=IwAR04nPt3TOveiZ6xhI2EbBQ9f6HcP92LzZiUNOu6zzG2BRR6

VMGZRVo1-JE

Chomitz, K. M.; Buys, P.; Luca, G. D.; Thomas, T. S. and Wertz-Kanounnikoff, S.

(2007). Agricultural expansion, poverty reduction and environment in the

tropical forests. World Bank Policy Research Report. World Bank,

Washington DC.

https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/223221468320336327/pdf/

367890Loggerheads0Report.pdf?

fbclid=IwAR3QkwS4tTU7AiTFBGJ3SNOwEpZ0RWcL6bbSlv2pz4Oqet

sksGEiZbmDyOY

Sumit Chakravarty, S. K. Ghosh, C. P. Suresh, A. N. Dey and Gopal Shukla (2012). Global

Perspectives on Sustainable Forest Management

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 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gopal-

Shukla/publication/224830694_Deforestation_C

auses_Effects_and_Control_Strategies/links/

0deec53a13ffa765fc000000/Deforestation-

Causes-Effects-and-Control-Strategies.pdf

Curriculum Vitae

SOPHIA AGSALUD RONQUILLO

Address: Blk 11, Lot 6 3rd St. Northbreeze Brgy. Lara City of San Fernando Pampanga

Email Address: sophiaronquillo30@gmail.com

Contact Number: 09511681829

PERSONAL IMFORMATION

Birthdate: September 30, 2007

Birthplace: Calumpit, Bulacan

Citizenship: Filipino

Religion: Catholic

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Age: 15

Height: 5’2 ft.

Status: Single

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Secondary

Lara Integrated School

San Fernando, Pampanga

2019-2023

Primary

Lara Integrated School

San Fernando, Pampanga

Grade School 2012-2018

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 Curriculum Vitae

PRINCE KYLE MELO CAMAYA

Address: Blk 16, Lot 5 6th St. Northbreeze Brgy. Lara City of San Fernando Pampanga

Email Address: kylecamaya0215@gmail.com

Contact Number: 09757870605

PERSONAL IMFORMATION

Birthdate: February 15, 2008

Birthplace: Angeles, Pampanga

Citizenship: Filipino

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Religion: Catholic

Age: 15

Height: 5’4 ft.

Status: Single

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Secondary

Lara Integrated School

San Fernando, Pampanga

2019-2023

Primary

Sto. Rosario Elementary School

Angeles, Pampanga

2012-2017

Lara Integrated School

San Fernando, Pampanga

2018-2019

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