Nama : Aleandra Achmad Rizky

Nim : 201922127
Kelas : E

Mid Semester Resume ASsignment

Water Conflicts in the Middle East and Africa: The Study on Efforts to Find Based
Solutions Regional Cooperation Framework

Water is the source of all life on earth. Without water, neither humans nor animals can live
and produce food. Water also cannot be replaced by other objects. Unlike oil and other
strategic resources, water cannot be replaced by other commodities. But now there is a
scarcity of clean water. At least 130 million people in 80 countries suffer from severe water
scarcity. By 2025, that number will reach one trillion.The distribution of water is also very
uneven, both within the country and in various countries.
several factors have contributed to the scarcity of water there, including prolonged conflicts,
for example the object of conflict when it is up for grabs. it's like iraq and syria fighting over
the waters of the euphrates river. there is also population migration from rural to urban areas
which causes inequality in access to water. water treatment and infrastructure are also poor.

An important step and solution in developing a global water policy based on cooperation for
transboundary water management was the establishment of the German Foundation International
Development Policy Forum meeting in Petersberg, near Bonn. then worked with three federal
ministers: Foreign Affairs, Development Cooperation, Environment and the World Bank. Research
examines that there are more problems than success in the Middle East region where warring
parties to the Arab-Israeli conflict face additional problems of not only having to resolve political and
territorial issues, but also having to agree on the need to share resources.

Israel and Jordan's cooperation in the use of the Jordan and Yarmouk rivers is running smoothly.
However, the West Bank and Palestinians in Gaza demand fairer water from Israel, and they see it as
an unfair use of the aquifer for their own benefit. The Petersberg Declaration emphasizes that a
"shared perspective" and a "shared vision" are essential for effective international water resource
management. Braue noted that the declaration noted several key points including that, "strong
political commitment and broad public support are essential to success" and that "broad
partnerships that include participation by river states, international financial institutions, bilateral
development agencies and NGOs." "very helpful in doing good cooperation.

To prevent such a crisis, proposes to use wastewater reprocessing systems in the Middle East.
In addition, the same area is also advised to stop food production activities because
agriculture requires a lot of water.

Comparison Reference

https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/jipsi/article/download/543/386
https://m.antaranews.com/berita/514445/kelangkaan-air-di-timur-tengah-diperkirakan-
memburuk
https://news.act.id/berita/krisis-air-hantui-timur-tengah-dan-afrika-utara
https://theconversation.com/amp/mengapa-krisis-air-dan-sanitasi-selalu-terjadi-di-
nusa-tenggara-timur-juga-di-pulau-jawa-155152
https://kemlu.go.id/download/
L3NpdGVzL3B1c2F0L0RvY3VtZW50cy9BS0lQL0RpcmVrdG9yYXQlMjBKZW5kZX
JhbCUyMEFTUEFTQUYvTEtKJTIwVGltdGVuZyUyMDIwMTkucGRm