Contents
11 Ratio and proportion 1
Prior knowledge check
11.1 Writing ratios 1
11.2 Using ratios 1 3
11.3 Ratios and measures 5
11.4 Using ratios 2 7
11.5 Comparing using ratios 10
11.6 Using proportion 13
11.7 Proportion and graphs 15
11.8 Proportion problems 17
Check up 19
Strengthen 21
Extend 25
Test ready 27
Unit test 29
12 Right-angled triangles 31
Prior knowledge check
12.1 Pythagoras’ theorem 1 31
12.2 Pythagoras’ theorem 2 34
12.3 Trigonometry: the sine ratio 1 36
12.4 Trigonometry: the sine ratio 2 39
12.5 Trigonometry: the cosine ratio 41
12.6 Trigonometry: the tangent ratio 45
12.7 Finding lengths and angles using
trigonometry 49
Check up 52
Strengthen 54
Extend 58
Test ready 60
Unit test 63
13 Probability 65
Prior knowledge check
13.1 Calculating probability 65
13.2 Two events 69
13.3 Experimental probability 73
13.4 Venn diagrams 76
13.5 Tree diagrams 80
13.6 More tree diagrams 84
Check up 87
Strengthen 89
Extend 92
Test ready 94
Unit test 96
14 Multiplicative reasoning 98
Prior knowledge check
14.1 Percentages 98
14.2 Growth and decay 101
14.3 Compound measures 104
14.4 Distance, speed and time 107
14.5 Direct and inverse proportion 111
Check up 114
Strengthen 116
Extend 121
Test ready 123
Unit test 125
Mixed exercise 4 127
15 Constructions, loci and bearings 131
Prior knowledge check
15.1 3D solids 131
15.2 Plans and elevations 134
15.3 Accurate drawings 1 138
15.4 Scale drawings and maps 142
15.5 Accurate drawings 2 146
15.6 Constructions 149
15.7 Loci and regions 153
15.8 Bearings 157
Check up 160
Strengthen 163
iii
 Extend 166
Test ready 168
Unit test 170
16 Quadratic equations and graphs 172
Prior knowledge check
16.1 Expanding double brackets 172
16.2 Plotting quadratic graphs 175
16.3 Using quadratic graphs 178
16.4 Factorising quadratic expressions 181
16.5 Solving quadratic equations
algebraically 183
Check up 185
Strengthen 187
Extend 190
Test ready 192
Unit test 194
17 Perimeter, area and volume 2 196
Prior knowledge check
17.1 Circumference of a circle 1 196
17.2 Circumference of a circle 2 198
17.3 Area of a circle 201
17.4 Semicircles and sectors 204
17.5 Composite 2D shapes and cylinders 207
17.6 Pyramids and cones 211
17.7 Spheres and composite solids 215
Check up 218
Strengthen 220
Extend 223
Test ready 226
Unit test 228
Mixed exercise 5 230
18 Fractions, indices and standard form 234
Prior knowledge check
18.1 Multiplying and dividing fractions 234
18.2 The laws of indices 236
18.3 Writing large numbers in standard form 239
18.4 Writing small numbers in standard form 241
18.5 Calculating with standard form 243
iv
Check up 246
Strengthen 247
Extend 252
Test ready 254
Unit test 256
19 Congruence, similarity and vectors 258
Prior knowledge check
19.1 Similarity and enlargement 258
19.2 More similarity 261
19.3 Using similarity 264
19.4 Congruence 1 267
19.5 Congruence 2 269
19.6 Vectors 1 272
19.7 Vectors 2 274
Check up 277
Strengthen 279
Extend 282
Test ready 284
Unit test 286
20 More algebra 288
Prior knowledge check
20.1 Graphs of cubic and reciprocal
functions 288
20.2 Non-linear graphs 291
20.3 Solving simultaneous equations
graphically 295
20.4 Solving simultaneous equations
algebraically 298
20.5 Rearranging formulae 301
20.6 Proof 304
Check up 307
Strengthen 309
Extend 313
Test ready 315
Unit test 317
Mixed exercise 6 319
Answers 323
Index 372