Research and M Aba: Sending in Intangible Heritage

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0116400008
Emblem: Oromia Regional State Culture and Tourism Bureau
Ref. No. Dh.A. G 13-1/2599
Date: 13/03/2015
To Authority for Research and Conse~vati,Qn..of.Jloof..ld,u.J.dL..L...Io<L.L.....Y eritage Under

Ref;u CLT CIH ' ITH
Ministry of Culture and Tourism [ -·:::l
Addis Ababa
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Subject: Regarding Sending to you a petition by the Oromo people for the
inscription of the Gada System on the Representative List of
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
The people of Oromo have a n extensive and very rich culture and tradition
wh ich have been accumulated for centuries and have been h anded down from
generation to generation as a source of pride of the people. The culture of the
people is deeply rooted in the Gada system which is a democratic political,
economic and social system. The Gada system is a democratic system th at has
been shaping and guiding the lives, mode of governance, socio-economic
conditions, philosophical outlooks, etc., a nd which has enabled to ensure unity
and solidarity of among the people as well as the practice of peaceful conflict
resolution strategies.
The Gada system has been governing the direction and day-to-day lives of the
people since the time when the people of Oromo were governing themselves
independently. Presently too, the Gada system plays considerable role in
guiding the political and socio-economic functions of the people. The system is
structured in such a way that power is shared among different bodies to
ensure check and balance. This confirms that the system is based upon the
principles of equality among mankind (respecting the rights of women and
children as well as outsiders. During the period when a party stays on power,
it is bound by the principle of rule of law. Moreover, transfer of power is made
smoothly and peacefully among parties.
The culture of the Oromo people with regard to equality and democracy
remains a n exemplary one to the rema ining world. Thus, we hereby express
that the signatures for the petition are attached here in a nd that Oromo people
ardently upholds the inscription of the Gada system on the Representative List
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as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity which would demonstrate to the
rest of the world that our country Ethiopia is not only the cradle of mankind
but also the mother of an age-old democratic system.
With regards,
Signed and sealed
Geetuu Wayyeessaa Tolaa
Head of Oromiya Regional State Culture and Tourism Bureau
A document in which different community members of t he Oromo Nation

Willingly called and signed petitions for the inscription of the Gada
System as an international intangible heritage on UNESCO's
Representative List and confirmed their consent with their signature
Introduction
The Gada system is a political, economic and social system with a long history
with which the people of Oromo have been governing themselves in a
democratic way. This comprehensive system reflects the ways of living of the
people and it has ensured the values and principles such as equality of
mankind. It incorporates the values and principles towards which the whole
world has been striving such as: the respecting of the rights of women and
children, conservation of environment, peaceful conflict resolution, mutual
assistance, and the provision of asylum to seekers .The values and principles
which the people of Oromo have been putting into practice have contributed
significantly to the efforts of ensuring unity and solidarity of the people.
Moreover, the system has played great role in enabling the flourishing of the
language and culture of the Oromo people for so long to the present. With the
provision of due care to it as a valuable heritage, it would not be over
exaggerated to state that the Gada system would serve as an inexhaustible
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fountain of knowledge and wisdom to the contemporary generation. The
practice and experience of the Oromo people as manifested in the Gada system
is surely very beneficial to the future generation. In particular, we firmly believe
that the democratic practices of the Oromo people as manifested in the Gada
system would provide an exemplary system of s ocial functioning to the world;
and, it is with this conviction that we are bringing forward our request for the
registration of the Gada system as an intangible world heritage.
What is Gada?
Gada is a political, economic and social system which the Oromo people have
been following in governing themselves. The Gada system is a democratic
system of governance in which the community as a whole has the opportunities
to participate on equal basis. The Gada system of the Oromo people is a system
of governance in which people are grouped and organized into five Gada grades
or strata and govern t hemselves in rounds. Gada is a system in which the
groups of Oromo people who are organized or structured into five grades or
strata assume power in rounds which last for eight years each.
Among the Borana, Gada is graded into Mogiissa, Sabaka, Darara, Fullasa, and
Makula. On the other hand, among the Karayu Oromo, the strata are referred
to as: Robale , Melba, Birmaji, Michille, and Halchisa. Among the Macha and
Tulama, these strata are known as: Horata, Michille, Dulo, Robale and Birmaji.
The children of adults who are on political power form a cohort which is the
first grade or stratum. In the process, they gradually grow stronger physically
and become more self-reliant. Members of the fourth s tr atum are recruited and
supported to acquire leadership knowledge and skills. To this end, mentors are
appointed to assist these recruits. Members of the earlier Gada grade who were
on power now assume the roles of advising those who are on power.
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What is the significance of the Gada System to the Oromo
People?
I. Political
1. Democratic System
Political power in the Gada system is not monopolized by a certain body politic.
Rather, all m embers of the communities participate according to their s trata
a nd in rounds. Those who assume political power are elected by the people in a
free and fair manner. The Gada that h as been in power for the period of 8 years
is bound to transfer power to the succeeding strata or Gada in a peaceful way
wh en the round of 8 year s completes. Moreover, in Gada system, the
administrative statutes are thoroughly reviewed a nd amended or changed
through extensive discussions so as to accommodate the changing contexts. To
understand these legal and administrative statutes, members of the Gada come
together from wider area s a nd return after getting all the information they
require a nd which they found convincing. In the process of issuing the
statutes, a ll group s of the community from children of seven years old all the
way to the seventy years old ones participate. All these are indicators of the
democratic nature of the Gada system.
Th e fact that the Gada system is a democratic system has helped the Oromo
people to live free of oppression, to strengthen t he social b ond which is
established on mutual respect and compassion.
2. Respecting Human Rights
The Gada system is a system in which h uman rights are duly respected. When
children a re born, it is called Bimwdu, which is to mean that they are set free
through birth. According to the Gada system, Binnaduma (freedom) is a
natural right in which every p erson h as the inviolable a nd inalienable right to
life and liberty. This n ature of the Gada system has enabled the Oromo people
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to treat each other equally. An Oromo who intends to leave his clan to settle
among other clans, he has to request for permission and the host clan adopts
the newcomer as one of the members of the clan.
When a person seeks an asylum among the Oromo people, a ceremony is

organized to adopt the person as one of them and, henceforth, su ch person
would have equal rights and obligations among the Oromo community he lives
with.
According to the tradition in the Gada system, all human beings have to be
treated equally and this characteristic of the system has enabled the Oromo
people to fight against oppression and discrimination in any form. In the Gada
system, the fact that human rights are strictly respected has contributed to the
prevalence of an outlook of freedom and liberty among the people, to believe in
the equality of mankind, and to live harmoniously and peacefully with other
ethnic groups.
3. Respecting Women's Rights
The Gada system is a system in which the rights of women are respected. The
instrument through which women's rights are duly respected is known as
Siinqee - which is a procedure in which women organize themselves in group to
stand up for their rights. In this procedure, women carry a thin stick known as
Siinqee which is given to every girl by her mother on her wedding day. With this
gift, the bride is reminded of her power to demand her rights are respected in
her future life.
Whenever a woman's right is violated, be it by her own husband or by another

person, the women around make a sound (illillii) to signify to each other. Upon
hearing the sound, women respond by moving to the place leaving everything
behind , carrying their Siinqee stick. Here , it is the obligation of every woman to
respond to the call. At this time, it is the obligation of the husbands to look
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after the homes which women have left behind. This shows the strong
d etermination for the respecting of the rights of women. Then, the women go to
the Gada Council singing a song in which they announce out the specific act in
which their right is violated. At the Council, they are welcomed respectfully and
invited to speak out the wrongdoing. Afterwards, the person who is accused of
the wrong doing is brought to justice and the appropriate punishment would
be sanctioned a ga inst the convicted .
A man who h appens to come across to the women while t hey are marching
towards the Council, has the obligation to step off his horse so as to show his
respect for the women. After greeting them, he would have to ask for their
permission to pass them and resume his journey. If the person crosses their
way without giving them regards, he would be accused of acting contrary to the
tradition a nd punished accordingly. Likewise, a man who meets on his way a
woman who is travelling carrying her stick, is required to greet her properly
before passing h er. A woman who has gone out for help of other carrying her
Siiqqee stick certainly gets the support she seeks. For instance, a woman who
is needy and does n ot h ave anything t o sustain her family wou ld carry her
stick and go to those who have a mple and able to assist her. Accordingly, the
families who are asked to provide assistance would do so as much as they a re
able to do.
The due respect of women's rights in the Gada system has enabled women to
play considerable role among their communities.
II. Economic Aspects

1. The role of women in economic sector
In Gada system, family asset is controlled by women . Men have the

responsibility of cultivating and harvesting as well as keeping the cattle; and, it
is the responsibility of women to manage what is harvested and to allocate the
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p roportion to be used for household consumption, to be sold in the market to
earn cash, to purchase other goods and services n eeded by the family. Any
man who may challenge this man date of women is d espised by his community
and he is labeled a name qorqora (greedy).
2. Cooperation
Work is valued in the Gada system. Any member of the community who is hard
worker is respected and appreciated. Every member of the community is
required to work on all week days except on Sundays on wh ich many people
would like to rest, t hough there is no prohibition not to work even on Sundays.
In the Gada sy stem, working cooperatively is encouraged and there is a
tradition of working together such as Dabo in which a person makes request to
as many people a s he wants to execute an activity which he cannot do by
himself. There are also similar practices of working in groups such as Dado
a n d Wanfalis which are different fro m dabo only in terms of the scale of the
work to be executed a nd the number of p eople required to perform the work.
3. Transfer of Wealth
In Gada system, the tradition of offering gifts is one of the mechanisms to

transfer wealth to the poor and the n ew generation. Mainly, gifts are offered in
two occasions: firstly, male children who are born to the community get gifts
when they are officially given names by undergoing the ritual of shaving their
heads for the first time since their birth.
The families of these children offer their children gifts such as one or more
heifer. The heifers given as gifts would reproduce and multiply until the child
grows and reaches the age of establishing his own family. Girls get such offers
on the day of their wedding. Thence, a h u sband and wife begin their life as a
family owning the cattle they acquired as gifts.
4. Wealth Sharing
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In the Gada system, a person who manages to own a thousand cattle prepares
feast to his community members and performs the ritual of wearing a stomach
of an ox which signifies h e is very rich. After this ritual, he selects a couple of
heifers and releases them so that those who are poor take them for themselves.
Therefore, the Gada system h as always encouraged sharing of wealth so as to

ensure the wellbeing of the needy section of the community.
5. The tradition of helping one another
Any Oromo clan that is governed by the Gada system has the commendable
tradition or p ractice of h elping the needy a mong them. If a person loses his
a sset due to any reason, each m ember of the clan would contribute whatever
he can to help the person rehabilitate himself. Therefore, this p ractice of
stretching helping hands to the needy is one more reason for Gada system to
be considered as a n exemplary social system.
III. Social Aspects

1. Increasing the role women play in the community
1.1 Ending of Hostilities
In Gada system, another power women have is ending any act of hostilities and
war whether it is taking place between different clans or with other ethnic
groups. Whenever there is war going on a nd women arrive at the place carrying
their Siiqqee stick and go between the parties a t war, both parties p romp tly
give up the fight.
1.2 Prayer to 'Waaqaa'
The other social role of women is making prayers to Waaqaa on behalf of the
whole nation. Moreover, where people gather for p rayers, it is the women
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among the community who go in the fro nt only seconded by little children. In
particular, when there is a problem facing the community such as drought,
epidemic outbreak, etc., they go to a river or lake in the nearby carrying green
grasses to perform the ritual of prayers so that Waaqaa intervene and solve
their problem. This role of wom en is due to the belief that women have the
power to mediate between Waaqaa and the whole community.
1. 3 Cleansing of Sin
When the revered customs of the Gada system are b reached by people who do
im moral things, they investigate into the matter and cleanse the perpetrators
so that they rejoin the community with proper ethics and conscience.
1. 4 Adoption
For those who are n ot able to bear children, there is a solution in the Gada
system. This solution is the practice of adoption in which families who are not
able to bear children can take children from families who have plenty of
children (except their first-borns). This would spare these families from the
grief of not having children and enable them to bring up children so that they
would support them during their old age days. The adoption parents bring up
their adopted children as their own and bequeath to them everything they
possess on their death. Adoption is a social mechanism which enables to solve
social problems and, in Ethiopia, it is widely known.
2. Environmental Conservation
According to Oromo culture, the people have reverence for the natural
environment t hey live in. Big trees are considered as graceful shelters and
meeting venues. The high reverence for Oda tree emanates from this tradition.
It is a taboo among the community to cut down trees. According to
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the Gada system, the youth are not a llowed to cut trees . In general,
community h as the tradition of cutting only trees that have completed their
growth or those which are already dry to use them for d ifferent purposes such
as construction activities. As there is a widespread understanding of the close
interrelation between forest and availability of sources of water, the community
conserves forest areas at large.
3. The Irreechaa Ceremony
In the Gada system, social fabric is maintained among the members of the
commu nities and the ceremony of Irrechaa is celebrated annually as th a n ks
giving to Waqa fo r helping the people through the rainy and muddy season of
summer to a bright season. Though Irrechaa is celebrated in different localities
throughout Oromiya, the town which is considered as the most favored center
for the celebration is Bishoftu town, at Hora Arsadi. The other significance of
Irrechaa is the creation of an opportunity for the Oromo people to meet at this
place and manifest their culture, greet one another and share the sense of
belongingness at large. During the ceremony of Irrechaa, a song that is sung to
thank Waqa is known as Marewoo which goes:
"Hooyaa mare woo, mare woo, mare woo,
Alaa manaaf nuutolii yaaaayyolee woo" and in this, the coming of the New Year
and the wish for the n ew year are expressed.
6. Arbitration
The Gada system has enabled to maintain social relations in which hatred and
envy is not nurtured. Those who quarrel with each other have to m ake peace
and a party that h as caused loss or damage to the other would compensate.
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Mostly, a rbitrators are selected from among the senior members of the
community. There is such arbitra tion system structured at different levels. The
supreme body of mediation or arbitration is the Gumi or Caffee. The tradition of
arbitration among the Oromo people is based on truth.
It is by investigating into the truth and by making the righ t decision on the
m atter that the arbitration comes in. This has a significant role in promoting a
healthy relationship among the community.
The Significance of the Inscription of Gada System by UNESCO
• The Gada System functions towards the strengthening of social relations;

thus, it enables to ensure peace and stability among the communities
and promotes harmony and mutual respect and also peaceful conflict
res olution a nd promotes respect for cultural diversity.
• The exemplary role of Oromo people in peaceful transfer of political
power every eight years through democratic system of governance is
significantly important.
• It enables to acknowledge the indigenous democratic political system of
the Oromo Nation at an international a rena which assists efforts made to
safeguard and transmit the system to fu ture generations.
• It enables to change or reverse the wrong perception towards the Gada
System and confirms that the Gada System is compatible with existing
international human rights, protect the rights of women and children
and promote mutual respect among communities.
• It promotes the Gad a System and Oromo culture at international level
and this attracts tourists from all over the world and enhances inter-
cui tural dialogue.
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• It opens the opportunities in which the modern governance systems at
national and regional levels can implement the traditional knowledge into
the modern systems of governance.
Therefore, we faithfully request the inscription and recognition of the Gada

System on the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of
Humanity. We express our appreciation to all efforts being undertaken in this
regard.
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Lakk. ,y J1· J4 -6 -J 3- J-)tXf 'i'T
<t?rr/Ref.No.
Guy. 04-JOr/()?:
4'1/Date
Ministeera Aadaa fi T uriizimiitti
Abbaa Taaytaa Qorannoo fi Eegumsa Hambaatiif
Finfinnee
Dhimmi isaa: Sirni G adaa Hambaa Addunyaa ta'ee akka Galmaa'uufGaaffii
Ummata Oromoo irraa Dhiyaate Erguu llaala,
Uummanni Oromoo aadaa bal'aa fi gabbataa kan bara dheeraafkuufame kan qabuu fi aadaa kana
tiksee dhaloota irraa dhalootatti dabarsuudhaan kan har'aan ga'ate uummata aadaa ti
duudhaasaatiin boonuu dha.
Aadaan uummata kanaa sirna siyaasaa diinagdee fi hawaasummaa kan ta'e Gadaa irratti kan
hundaayee dha. Gadaan jiruu fi jireenya hawaasaa, bulchiinsaa fi diinagdee, falaasa maa ti
ilaalcha uummata Oromoo kan qare, uummaticha qaamaa fi hubannoon tokkoomsee, wal diddaa
fi fincila malee kan bulche sirna dimokraatawaa dha.
Simi Gadaa bara sabni Oromoo ofiin ofbulchu guutummaatti kallattii ti bulmaata uummataa kan
oogganu dha. Sirni kun bara kanas aangoo siyaasaa, diinagdee fi hawaasummaa keessatti gayccn
inni qabu ol aanaa dha.
Sirni kun caaseffamni isaa, aangoon qaama adda addaatiif kan qoodamee fi karaa wal
to 'annaa/check and balance/ kan qabu ta' uun isaa walqixxummaa dhala namaa kan
mirkaneessu/mirgi daa ' immanii, kan dubartootaa fi kooluu galtootaa kan kabajame ta ' uu n/
aangoon biyya bulchuu bilisa ta' ee kan uummataan kennamuu fi yeroo paartiin tokko aangorra
turu sceraan daanga 'aa ta' uuni fi karaa nagaatiin darbuun dimokraatawaa ta' uusaa mi rkaneessa.
Aadaa fi muuxannoon uummanni Oromoo walqixxununaa fi aadaa dimokraasii itTatti qabu,

fakkeenyummaa kan qabuu fi biyyi keenya Itoophiyaan haadha aadaa dimokraasii ganamaa akka
taate addunyaan akka hubatu taasisuuf simi Gadaa hambaa addunyaa ta 'uun akka galmaa ' u
gaaffiin gama uummataatiin dhiyaatc fi galmaa ' uu isaa kan deeggaru ta ' uusaa mallattoosaatiin
ragaan ittiin crgate walqabsi ·
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Miseensa saba Oromoo kan ta'aan qaamooleen adda addaa kaka'umsa mataasaanitiin
Sirni Gadaa galmee bakka bu'ummaa Yuuneskoo irratti hambaa addunyaa ta' ec akka
isaaniif galmaa'u, waliigaluusaanii raga barrecffamaa ittiin ibsanii fi ragaa kana
mallatteessuusaanii raga ittiin mirkaneeffatan
Seen sa
Simi Gadaa seenaa bara dheeraa kan qabu sima siyaasaa, diinagdee fi hawaasummaa uummanni
Oromoo haala diimokraatawaa ta'een kan ittiin wal bulchaa ture. Simi kun akkaataa fi tooftaa
jiruu fi jireenya uummatichaa kan calaqqisuu fi walqixxummaa ilmoo namaa kan mirkaneessu.
Soona hawaasummaa addunyaan irra ga'uuf tattaafatu kan akka kabajamuu mirga dubartootaa,
kabajamuu mirga daa'immanii,kunuunsa naannoo, walitti bu'iinsa haala nagaaqabeessa ta'ecn
furuu/araara buusuu/, walgargaamu,kooluu galchuu fi kkf. kan harkaa qabu.
Soonni uummanni Oromoo akka aadaatti qabu sabni kun tokkummaasaa eegcc bal'atec aadaa fi
afaan isaa dagaagsee akka har'a ga'u shoor·a guddaa taphateera. Simi Gadaa eegumsa argatee
yoo kunuunfame dhaloota ammaatii kan muuxannoo ta'u burqaa beekkumaa hin guune yoo
jcdhame dhaadhessuu hin ta' u. Muuxannoon jirecnya Oromoo Sima Gadaatiin ibsamu dhaloota
dhufuufis kan fayidaa qabu ta ' uunsaa kan haalamuu miti. Keessattuu muuxannoon aadaa
dii mokraasii Oromoo, Sirna Gadaatiin ibsamu addunyaadhafuu fakkeenyummaa kan qabu
ta' uusaa waan itti amannuuf gaaffii Simi Gadaa akka hambaa addunyaatti nuuf haa galmaa'u
jedhu kana dhiyeessuu dandeenye.
Gadaan maali?
Gadaan sima siyaasaa, diinagdee fi hawaasummaa uummanni Oromoo ittiin wal bulchaa ture.
Simi Gadaa sima ittiin bulmaataa dimokraatawaa hawaasni matii haala walqixxummaa qabuun
kan keessatti qooda fudhatu. Simi Gadaa uummata Oromoo gosaan yookaa gitaan otoo gargar
hin baasiin Gadaa shanitti gurmccssee akka dabaree wal bulchu kan taasisc. Gadaan uummanni
Oromoo Gadaa shanan kana jalatti gummayee dabaree darbuun waggaa saddeet saddeetiif kan
itti wal bulchu.
Gadaan shanan Booranatti Moggisaa, Sabbaaqaa, Daraaraa, Fullaasaa fi Makkuulaa dha. Gosa
Oromoo Karrayyuu biratti Gadaan Shanan Roobalee, Melbaa, Birmajii, Michillee fi Halchiisa.
Gosa Oromoo Maccaa fi Tuulamaa keessatti Shanan Gadaa Horata, Michillee, Duuloo, Roobalec
fi Birmajiii dha.
Simi kun ijoollee miseensa Gadaa aangoorra jiru irraa, waggaa saddeettan Gadaan sun
aangoorra turu keessatti dhalatan, miseensa Gadaa sanaa taasisuun aangoo Gadaa marsaa itti
aanu isa waggaa afurtama keessa naanna'ee dhufuuf qophii jalqabsiisu. Ijoollee umuriin isaanii
hanga waggaa 8tii ta'e eegalce sadarkaa shan kecssa dabarsee, tooftaa adda addaa fayyadamuun
leenjii barbaachisaa ta'e kennuun beekumaa fi safuu hawaasni kun qabu barsiisce, duudhaasaa
erga qaabachiiseen booda miseensa sana keessaa watTa ulaagaa armaan gaditti tarreeffamc
guutan keessaa ilaalanii angoodhaaf kaadhimu. Sadarkaa jahaffaa irratti filannoo bilisa ta'ccn
dandeetti fi beekumsa irratti hundaa'uudhan filatamanii muudamu. Waggaa saddeetiif erga biyya
bulchaniin booda sadarkaalee gorsitummaa keessadarbuun hanga dulloomanii jaarsomanitti
hojjatu.
Ulaaga Abbaan Gadaa fi Koreen hojii raawwachiistuu ittiin filaman keessaa:

• Namni aangoo Gadaa fudhatu kakuun kakatu waan jiruuf, nama qulqulluu waan
yakkaa/cubbuu kan hin hojjanne ta'uu qaba.
3
• Nama Seera Gadaa fi dubbii jaarsummaa beeku, hariiroo hawaasa naannoosaa waliin
qabuun, amanamummaa fi fudhatama kan qabu.
• Nama beekaa, kan dbugaa bin dabsine fi murtii haqaa kennuu danda'u.
• Nama bultii qabu, maatii isaa baala gaaridbaan bulcbu. Kan bojjatee qabeenya itti bulu
borate.
• Nama Amala badaa irraa bilisa ta'e, dbugaatii kan hin guddifne, oftuulummaa fi
ofittummaarraa bilisa kan ta'e.
• Nama dammaqina qabu, kan ofitti amanu fi ijjannoo cimaa qabu
Sadarkaawwan Gadaan tokko keessa bulluuqu, kudbani. ljoolleen, bara Gadaa abbootasaanii
dhalatan waggaa 0-8 Dabballee jedbamu. Kan umurii waggaa 9-1 6 Gaammee xixiqqoo dha. Kan
umuriinsaanii waggaa 17-24 Gaammee guguddoo jedhamu. Kan umurii waggaa 25-32
Foollee/kuusaa dha, waggaa 33-40 tti Raaba-Doorii ta'uun sadarkaa shanan keessa hulluuqu.
Sadarkaa ja'affaarratti kan waggaa 41-48 Gadaa ta'u. Waggaa afurtama abboonni isaanii aangoo
qabatanitti, gadoomanii waggaa saddeetiif biyya bulchu. Bara Gadaasaaniis ijoolleensaanii
Dabballee ta'uun marsaa itti aanu jalqabu. Egaa Gadaan shananuu akkanatti dabareedhaan itti
darbanii biyya bulchanii dhaloota itti aanutti dabarsu. Miseensonni Gadaa aangorraa yoo bu 'an
sadarkaa torbaffaatti ce'anii Luba /yuba l ffaa ta'u, waggaa saddeet booda Luba/yuba lammaffaa
ta' u, waggaa saddeet booda Luba /yuba 4ffaa ta'u sadarkaa lubummaa keessatti gayeen isaanii
gorsa kennuun kan dabe qajeelchuu dba. Sadarkaa Lubummaa keessa fullaa'anii Gadaamoojjii
ta'uun waggaa saddeet turaniijaarsa ta' uun soorama ba'u.
Gadaan Uummata Oromoo maal fayyade?
I Siyaasa
l.Dimokraatawaa ta'uusaa
Aangoon Gadaa ol aantummaa qaamolee murtaa' aniin kan qabame otoo hin ta'in kan dabaree
darbuu fi hawaasa hunda kan hinnaachisu ta'uunsaa, Warri gadoomee biyya bulcbu filannoo
bilisa ta'een uummataan kan filamu ta'uunsaa, Gadaan tokko waggaa 8 aangomTa turee yeroo
isaaf murtaaye oggaa xumure, tuuta/garee Gadaa isatti aanutti aangoo karaa nagaatiin kan
dabarsu ta'uun isaa, Gadaan tokko marsaa tokko caala filamuu kan hin dandeenye ta'uunsaa,
Aangoon siyaasaa karaa nagaatiin garee/tuuta tokkorraa tokkootti kan darbuu ta'uusaa, seern
Gadaan biyya ittiin bulchu bara Gadaa tokkotti yeroo tokko marii bal'aa taasifamuun ceephoo
taasifamuun haala yeroo waliin akka wal simutti kan haaromfamu ta'uunsaa, secra kana
waraabbachuuf miseensi Gadaa bakka jiran hundaa kan walitti dhufanii itti amananii
waraabbatanii kan galan ta'uunsaa, secra tumamu kana irratti daa'ima waggaa torbaatii qabee
hanga jaarsa waggaa torbaatamaa kan irratti hirmaatan ta'uunsaa fi kkf Sima Gadaa
dimokraatawaa ta'uusaa raga ba'u.
Simi Gadaa diimokraatawaa ta'uunsaa uummanni Oromoo cunqursaa malee bilisoomee akka
j iraatu, hariiroo hawaasummaa jabaa kabajaa fi jaalala irratti hundaa' e akka qabaatu fayyadeera.
2.Kabaja Mirga Namoomaa
Simi Gadaa mirga namoomaa ni kabaja. Daa'imni yoo dhalattu birmaduu dha jedha. Birmaduu
jechuun dhalootaan bilisa kan ta'e jechuu dha. Simi Gadaatiin bim1adummaan uumamaan
kenname sun hin xuqamu. Kabajni mirga namoomaa kun sabni Oromoo ija wai qixa ta'een akka
wal ilaalu fayyadeera. Oromoon gosa tokko keessaa bayee gosa biraa keessa dhaqec yoo
qubachuu barbaade, seeraan gaafatee, gosti itti dhaqe sun gosa ofitti moggaasani it qubachiisu.
Kan Oromoo hin ta'in illee kooluu yoo gaafate, ofitti fuudhanii, moggaasanii Oromummaa
gonfaniifii gosa ofii taasisu. Scera Sima Gadaatiin Ilmoo namaa ija wal qixa ta'een ilaalamuun
isaa Oromoo ol' aantummaa fi gad aantummaa irraa/cunqursaa itTaa akka bilisoomu taasiseera.
Stma Gadaatiin mirgi namoomaa kan ecgame ta'uunsaa hawaasni Oromoo ilaalcha bilisa ta'c
akka qabaatu, wal qixxummaa ilmoo namaatti akka amanu, mirga walii otoo hin xuqin ulfinaan
akka walitti bulu taasiseera.
3.Kabaja Mirga Dubartootaa
Simi Gadaa seera mirga dubartootaa ittiin eegu qaba. Seerri mirgi dubartootaa ittiin eegamu kun
Seera Siinqee jedhama. Seerri siinqee dubartoonni gurumuu uummatanii mirga isaanii kan ittiin
tikfatan yommuu ta' u ulee qalaa, sorooroo qabatanii ba'anin moggaafama. Siinqeen dubara
hecrumtuuf gaafa manaa baatu haadhashiitiin kan kennamu yommuu ta'u, jireenya of duraa ishii
eegu keessatti mirgashii akka ittiin kabajsiifattuufi.
Mirgi dubartii abbaa warraaishiitiinis ta'e nama biraatiin yoo xuqame, mallattoo sagalee ililii,
ilili i jedhuun wal waamanii siinqeesaanii qabatanii walii birmatanii walii qaqqabu. Dubartiin
Fp
mallattoo ililfannaa dhageesse hojii of harkaa qabdu battalatti dhiistee siinqeeshii qabattee
birmachuuf dirqama qabdi. Qe'eesaanii adiyyootti dhiisanii yeroo deeman kana kan qe'eesaa
eeguuf dirqama qabu abbaa warraa dha. Kun ejjannoo mirgasaanii kabajsiisuuf qaban mul'isa.
Dubartoonni siinqee qabatanii dubartii miidhamte sana qaqqabanii, siinqee faarsaa,
miidhaasaanii himachaa gara caffee Gadaatti deemu. Caffeen ulfinaan isaan simatee
himannaasaanii dhaggeeffatee, nama mirga dubattii sanaa tuqe, seeratti dhiyeessee adaba.
Dubartoota siinqeedhaan deemanitti dhiirti karaatti yoo dhufe fardarraa bu'ee, ulfinaan nagaa
gaafatee, hayyamasaanitiin darbee deema. Akka dhufetti qaxxaamuree yoo darbe, himatamec
adabamuu danda' a.
Dubartii siinqee qabattee kophaa deemtutti dhiirti karaatti dhufe ulfinaan dubbisee bira darba.
Dubartiin siinqee qabatte deeggarsa ishiin namarraa barbaadde hunda ni argatti. Sababa adda
addaatiin maatiin ishii rakkina keessa yoo galee waan fuutu dhabde dubattiin siinqee qabattee
warra qabeenya qabu dhaqxee rakkoo na baasaa yoo jette, hin dhabdu.
Simi Gadaa mirga dubartootaa kan kabaju ta'uunsaa dubartoonni hawaasa keessatti gayec
murteessaa ta'e akka qabaatan godheera.
II Diinagdee
l.Gayee Dubartiin diinagdee keessatti qabdu
Simi Gadaa keessa gayeen qabccnya bulchuu kan dubartii ti. Dhiirti qotee galchuu, horsiisee
tiksuu malee, qabeenya sana kan soorata maatiif ooluu, kan gurguramee soogiddaa fi bunaan
bitatan kan murteessu ishii dha. Nama rakkatellee gargaaruu yoo barbaade haadha warraadhaan
mari'ata malee akka barbaade gochuu hin danda'u. Dhiitti to'achuu fi itti fayyadamuu irratti
gayee dubartoonni qabanitti amanee hin fudhanne fi to' annaa jabeessu qorqoraa jedhama.
2.Hojii gamtaa
Sirna Gadaa keessatti hojiin kabaja guddaa qaba. Namni hojii hojjatus hawaasa keessatti ulfinaa
fi jajuu qaba. Guyyaa Dilbataarraan kan hafe gaafti hundi hojii dha. Isumayyuu boqannaa ofiitii
malee seerri hojii dhoowwu hin jiru. Aadaan hojii uummanni Sima Gadaatiin bulu qabu, hoj ii
gamtaa ti. Hojiin gamtaa Gadaan jajjabeessee asiin gaye, Daboo/namni hojii bal'aa qabu, kan
6
qophaatti hojjatee hin dandeenye, waan nyaachaa fi dhugaatii qopheessee, namoota beeku hanga
barbaade itti waamee kan hojjachiifatu fi innis gaafa warri isaaf hojjatan isa waammatan dhaqee
kan harka itti deebisu. Aadaan hojii kana fakkaatan kan akka daadoo fi wanfalaas jiru
garaagarummaan isaan daboo waliin qaban bal'inni hojii fi baay'inni namaa xiqqaachuusaati.
3.Qabeenya Horachuu
Argaa walii kennuun Seera Gadaa keessatti tooftaa qabeenya ittiin horatanii fi dhalootatti
dabarsanii dha. Argaan akkaataa lamaan kennama. Dhiirti dhalatee gaafa guduruu ittiin dhalate
irraa buusanii maqaa moggaasaniif argaa kennuuf. Argaanisaa raadalgoromsa tokko, yookaan
sana caalas ta'uu mala, warrisaa akka qabeenya qabanitti kennuuf. Raadni/goromsi sun hanga
mucaan guddatee fuudha ga 'utti ni horaaf. Gaafa fuu dhu horiisaa sana fudhatee mana ba' a.
Dubri immoo argaan ishii gaafa heerumtu. Warri dhaqxu argaadhaan simatu. Namni fira gurbaa
fuudhee ta'e hundi argaa kennu malee ishii hin argu. Warri gurbichaas sa'a tokko handhuuraash ii
kan ta'e kennuuf. Warri ishiis yoo qabaatan raada/goromsa inuma kennu. Argaa gurbichi
daa'imummaan argaterraa horii borate fi argaa haati warraasaa argatte walitti qabanii
jireenyasaanii jalqabatu. Akkanatti qabeenya walii horn.
4.Qabeenya walii qooduu
Sima Gadaa keessatti namni horii horee sooromee, horiin/loon inni horsiifate kuma yoo guutc,
hajaa qopheessee biyya waamee kom1a qalee garaacha uffata. Seera kana raawatee ka'ee raada
tokkoos lamas hamma inni barbaade loonsaa keessaa fo'ee gadi dhiisa. Raaddeen sana nama
rakkataa harka qal'aatu fudhata. Inni qabu isa hin qabneef akka qoodu simi Gadaa gargaarera.
Warri kana qaqqabe warra kuma gate jedhamu ulfina qabu.
5. Wal gargaarsa
Hawaasni Sima Gadaatiin bulu aadaa wal gargaarsaa boonsaa qaba. Namni tokko sababa ta'een
qabeenyi harkaa barbadaayee yoo hiyyoome, lammiisaa keessaa bayee iriguu hin deemu. Namaa
gadi ta 'ee hamiileensaa xuqamu. Lammiin isaa hirphee/ haala buusiitiin kan qabu midhaan qicec
kennaaf, kan horii/loon qabu raadalgoromsa kennaaf, kaan jibicha, kaan hoolaa, re'ee, kaan
maallaqa kenneefii hirphee deebisee dhaaba. Simi Gadaa aadaa walgargaarsaa fakkeenyummaa
qabus ni qaba.
:r
III Hawaasummaa
l. Hawaasa keessatti gayeen dubartoonni qaban guddisuu
1.1 Lola dhaabuu
Sirna Gadaa keessatti aangoon dubartoonni qaban inni kaan lola dhaabuu dha. Lolli gosa
keessattis ta' e gosa garaa garaa gidduutti yoo ka'e kan miidhaan qaqqabu hanga dubmtoonni
siinqee qabatanii iddoo sana qaqqabanitti qofa. Dubartoonni siinqee qabatanii iddoo sana akka
ga' aniin walakkaa seenuudhaan aangoo seera siinqeetiin kennameef fayyadamuun lola sana
battalatti dhaabu.
1.2 Waaqa kadhachuu
Gayeen dubartoonni qaban kaan biyyaaf Waaqa kadhachuu dha. Hawaasni \Vaaqa
kadhannaadhaa bakka walga'u maratti dubmtoonni dura deemu, kan isaan fundura deemu
daa'imman xixiqqoo qofa. Keessattuu yeroo rakkinni dhalate fkn ongeen yoo uumame, dhibeen
daddarbaan yoo biyya dhufe fi rakkoo biraallee yoo qaqqabe rakkina akkanaa furu uf, malkaa
bu'anii in·eeffatanii Waaqa kadhatu. Dubartoonni dandeettii Waaqa araarfannaa akka qaban
amanamaa dha.
1.3 Cubbuu baasuu
Seerri hawaasummaa duudhaan kabajamaa Oromoon qabu namoota seeraan ala deemaniin yoo
cabe, qoratanii seera cubbuun ittiin ba'uun cubbuu irraa baasanii akka sirratu godhu.
Fakkeenyaaf dhiiraa fi dubartii firummaa fuudha dhoowwu walirraa qaban gidduutti
quu nnamtiin saalaa yoo uumame warri waan akkanaa raaw'atan akka qaana'anii ti akka
dogooggorasaanii irraa baratanitti bakka uummanni wal ga'etti kan raaw'atama.
1.4 Guddifachaa
Sababa adda addaatiin warri dhala dhabuufis Simi Gadaa mala qaba. Malli kun namoonni dhala
dhaban, akka hamiileen hin xuqamne, namni isaan xoom akka hin dhabamnee fi dhaaltuu akka
hin dhabne, seera guddifachaa tumce warra ijoollec hedduu borate in·aa ilmoo angafaa kan hin
ta'in keessaa filatanii warra dhale kadhatanii guddifatu. Seen·i kun warra dhale ormoomsee warra
guddifatu ilmoo taasisaaf. Isaanis daa'ima guddifatan sana akka ilmoo angafaatti ilaalanii
guddisanii dhaaltuu taasifatu. Guddifachaan seera rakkoo hawaasummaa furu yommuu ta' u,
seera hariiroo hawaasaa Itoophiyaa irrattis maqaa kanaan galmaayeera.
2. Kunuunsa naannoo
Akka aadaa Oromootti uumamni naannoo jiru ulfinaa fi kabaja guddaa qaba. Mukecn guguddoo
naannoo jiran akka gaaddisa, akka waltajjiitti lakkaa'amu. Ulfinni Odaan argatees kan kanaan
wal qabatu. Mukeen akkanaa muruu ni oodatu, ni safeeffatu. Seerri Gadaa ol adeemaan muka bin
muru jedha. Namni umurii dargaggummaa keessa jiruuf muka dhaabuu malee muruun hin
heyyamamu. Muka jiidhaa hin muran mukti dhimma adda addaaf flm. Ijaarsa manaaf muramuu
mal u muka guddina fixate dulloomee, kan hin !anne goguu kajeele dha.Isumaa manguddoon
keessaa ilaalanii filanii itti aggaamaniit dargaggootti kennu. Mana keessatti nyaata
bilcheeffachuudhaaf kan fayyadaman urraa goggogaa bosona keessa deemanii guurratanii fi
kaboota dhoqqee looniin·aa xaxxafanii qoorsan.
Maddi bishaanii/burqaan kunuunsa bosonaan kan wal qabate ta' uusaa hubannoon waan jiruuf
kunuunsa addaatu taasifama. Burqaa qofa odoohin taane gabbina lafaatifis eegumsi ni godhama.
Diinagdeen, qooddiinsa lafaa walabaa fi loogii malee mirga bilisummaa dhalootaan argamuun
qoodama. Qubannaan gosaan waan ta'eef, miseensi gosa sanaa hundi qixxee kan itti hirmaatu.
Margi/citaan horsiisa looniif, itti fayyadaman illee haala dhalootaa fi qubsumaan tajaajila.
Tooftaa lafa ittiin kunkunsan keessaa, lafa qonnaa fi foonaa loonii bara baraan iddoosaa
gegeeddaranii qotuun gabbina biyyoo dabaluuftooftaan itti fayyadaman eeruun ni danda'ama.
3.Irreechaa
Simi Gadaa sima hariiroo hawaasa gidduunjiru cimsuu fi tokkummaa uummataa mirkaneessu.
Irreechi ayyaanni waggaa waggaatti barii birraa sababeeffachuun Waaqa bacaqii gannaa
uummatasaa oofkalchee booqaa birraa qaqqabsiiseef kan galanni ittiin dhiyeeffamu. Irrcechi
bakka adda addaatti kan kabajamu ta' us sima ho 'aa fi hirmaannaa bal'aan kan kabajamu kan
magaalaa Bishooftuu Hora Arsadii itTatti kabajamu. lrreechi faayidaan inni qabu kan biro,
uummata Oromoo bakka tokkootti walitti qabuun akka aadaasaa mul'isu, akka wal gaafatu fi
waliif yaadu taasisuusaati. Ayyaana kana irratti, galanni fi abdiin Waaqaa kan ittiin ibsamu
keessaa faaruun mareewoo jechuun faarfamu isa tokko.
"Hoo yaa mare woo, mare woo, mare woo
Alaa manaaf nuutolii yaa aayyoolee woo." Hiikaansaa sararri duraa nagaadhaan waggaan mare
dhufuuisaa kan agarsiisu yommuu ta'u, saratTi lammaffaa immoo hawwii fi amantaaWaaqarraa
qaban mul'isa.
4.Araara
Sirna Gadaatiin hariitoon hawaasaa kanjibbaa fi gomeen keessatti hin dagaagne sirricha. Gadaan
kan wallole ni araarsa. Miidhaan qaqqabe kiisii namaa baasisa. Qabeenyi bade gatii baasisa, yoo
lubbuun darbe immoo gumaa baasisuun araara buusa.
Hojiin jaarsummaa irra caala namoota yaada galfatanii qancaraniin hojjatama. Caasaan isaa
sadarkaa sadarkaadhaan jira. Sadarkaan jaarsummaa inni ol'aanaa caffee dha. Aadaan
araaraa/jaarsummaa Oromoon qabu dhugamTatti hundaa'a. Dhugaa baasaniit, seera Gadaan
tumateen murtee kennu. Kun fayidaa Gadaan haala j ireenya hawaasummaa mijeessuu keessatti
qabu.
Sirni Gadaa galmee bakka bu'ummaa Yuuneskoo irratti galmaa'uun isaa maal fayyada?
• Gdaan hariiroon hawaasaa akka qajeelu kan hojjatu waan ta'eef jiruu fi jireenyi hawaasaa
nagaa fi qabbana kan qabu akka ta'u waan hojjatuufwalitti bu'iinsa fageessec waliigaltcc
fi jaalala kan jajjabeessu waan ta'eef aadaan fayidaa qabeessi akkanaa akka beekamuu fi
jajjabeeffamu taasisa.
• Aadaan Oromoo addunyaarratti akka beekamu, seenaa fi duudhaaleen ummatichi qabu
sadarkaa addunyaatti beekamee akka dhalootatti darbu haala mijaa'aa uuma.
• Aadaan aangoo siyaasaa karaa nagaatiin, eebban dabarsanii kennuun, Oromoon uummata
aadaa dimokraasii qabu, uummata ilaalchaan qaroome ta'uusaa wanta ibsuuf
uummattoota birootiif fakkeenyummaan isaa guddaa dha.
• Aadaan dimokraasii uummanni kun qabu sadarkaa addunyaatti beekamtii argatee
kunuunfamee, tikfamee akka dhalootatti darbu gargaara.
lO
• Ilaalcha dogoggoraa srma Gadaarra ture mormuun maalummaa Gadaa ifa baasec
Oromoon uummata aadaa di mokraasii qabu ta'uusaa ragaadhaan mirkaneessuun dhugaa
kana addunyaan akka amanee fudhatu godha.
• Aadaan uummanni Oromoo qabu aaddunyaarratti beeksisee hawwata tuuristii akka ta'u
gargaara.
• Bulcchiinsi ammayyaa sadarkaa biyyaattis ta'e sadarkaa naannootti jim Sima Gadaarraa
muuxannoo isaan fayyadu bulchiinsa ammayyaa waliin walsimsiisuu akka fayyadaman
karaa bana.
Kanafu Simi Gadaa hambaa addunyaa ta'uudhaan galmee bakka bu ' ummaa Yuuneskoo irratti
akka nuuf galmaa' u kabajaan gaafachaa, gama kanaan Abbaan Taaytaa Qorannoo fi Eegumsa
Hambaa sochii taasisu hundaaf deeggarsa kan goonu ta'uu keenyaa ibsaa, kakka'umsa taasisuuf
duraan dursinee ni galatoomfanna.
Sima Gadaa Oromoo galmee Y-UUneeskoo irratti galmeessisuu
Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addunyaa bakka bu'ee ambaa addunyaa ta'uun
galmee yuuneeskoo irratti akka galmaa'uu sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fedhii gama
uummataatiin jiru mul'isuuf mallattoo bakka bu 'oota hawaasaa dhiyeessuun barbaachisaa dha.
Kanaafuu Mootummaan Federaalawaa ltoophiyaa fi Mootummaan Naannoo Oromiyaa waliin
qindaa'uun, Sirna Gadaa Yuuneeskoon galmeessisuuf sochii godhamu keessatti bakka bu'oota
Oromoo ta'uudhaan fedhii guutuun deeggaruu keessan mallattoo keessanii n akka mirkaneessitan
kabajaan isin gaafanna. ( We, Abba Gada, Qa1Iu, Clan Leaders, elders and other Oromo community members
hereby confirmed with our Signature our free, prior and informed consent for the inscription of the Gada System:
An Indigenous democratic political system of the Oromo Nation in Eth iopia on the Representative List of the
Intan 2:ibl e Cultural Herita2:e of Humani tv.)
aqaa (Name of applicants) I Saala TDmurii .
(Sex) 1 (Age)
G ayee
Hawaa summaa(Social
---··-··l ·-- Amilntaa
(Re ligion)
Aanaa
(Distri ct)
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(signature)
st atus)
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Sirna Gadaa Oromoo galmee yuuneeskoo irratti . gal111eessisuu
Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addunyaa bakka bu'ee am baa addunyaa ta'u un
galmee yuuneeskoo irratti akka galmaa'u u sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fedhii gama
uummataatiin jiru mul'isuuf mallattoo bakka bu'oota hawaasaa dhiyeessuun barbaachisaa dha.
Oromoo ta'uudhaan fedhii guutuun deeggaruu keessan mallattoo keessaniin akka mirkaneessitan
kabajaan isin gaafanna. ( We, Abba Gada, Qallu, Clan Leaders, elders and other Oromo community members
An Indigenous democratic political system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopia on the Representative List of the
Intan ible Cultural Herita 1e of Human it .)
La o
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Maqaa (Name o app icants S
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(Sex)
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(Religion)
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Sirna Gadaa O romqo galmee_yuuneesko9_j_rr~tti _g~lm eessisuu
hereby confirmed with our Signature our free, prior and inform ed consent for the inscri ption of the Gada System:
Intamrible Cultural Heritmz.e of Human itT.
Umuri i ayee Amantaa Aanaa
(Age) Hawaasummaa(Social (Religion) (District)
status)
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Sirna Gadaa Oromoo galmee -~uneeskoo ir_ratti_galmeessisuu
galmee yuuneeskoo irratti akka galmaa'uu sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fedh ii gama
Inta!lgible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.)
1
K Aaqaa (Name of applicants' 1
~ r Umurii ayee Amantaa Aanaa
(Age) Hawaas ummaa(Social (Religio n) (District)
status)
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo galmee yuunee~l<ooJrr~tti g~lm eessisuu
Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addu nyaa bakka bu'ee ambaa addunyaa ta'uun
hereby confirmed with our Signature our free , prior and informed consent for the inscription of the Gada System:
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Human it).
Gkl<o I Maqaa (Name of applicants) I ~ U murii ayee Amantaa Aanaa
ofsa (Age) Hawaasummaa(Social (Religion) (District)
(No) status)
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo galmee yuun_ee~koo ir:rattLg~meessisuu
Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addunyaa bakka bu'ee am baa addunyaa ta'uun
hereby confirmed with our Signature our free, prior and informed consent for the inscri ption of the Gada System:
A n Indigenous democrati c political system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopia on the Representative List of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Hu.~m:..:..:a~n:;-::,it;!-....:,·c___,.---;-;---;-:---r----~~~---.----.---:----,
· I I ' Maqaa (Name of applicants Saa a ayee Amantaa I - - Aanaa
(Sex) Hawaasummaa(Socia l (Religion) (District)
status)
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Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota add unyaa bakka bu'ee ambaa addunyaa ta'uun
An Indigenous democrati c political system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopia on the Representative List of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
· '' ~ • "aqaa {Name of applicants \ I~ Umuri i ayee Amantaa Aanaa
(Age) Hawaasummaa(Socia l (Religion) (Di strict)
status)
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Sirna Gadaa Oro moo galmeUJ,Juo_eeskoQ. ir@ttLJL~lm eessisulJ
Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addunyaa bakka bu'ee am baa addunyaa ta'uun
galmee yuuneeskoo irratti akka galmaa'u u sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fedhii gama
qindaa'uun, Sirna Gadaa Yu uneeskoon galmeessisuuf sochii godhamu keessatti bakka bu'oota
hereby confirmed with our Signature our fi·ee, prior and informed consent for the inscription of the Gada System:
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Lakko I Maqaa (NameofapPJicants Saala Umuri i ayee Amantaa I Aanaa
ofsa (Sex) (Age) Hawaasummaa(Social (Religion) (District)
(No) status)
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ofsa (Sex) (Age) Hawaas ummaa(Social (Religion) (District)
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Intangible Cultural Heritage of Human it .)
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Si rni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addunyaa bakka bu'ee ambaa addunyaa ta'uun
galmee yuu neeskoo irratti akka galmaa'uu sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fed hii gama
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo galm~uuu neeskoo i rr~tti galmeessisuu
kabajaan isin gaafanna. ( We, Abba Gada, Qailu, Clan Leaders, elders and other Oromo community members
~ntan ible Cultural Heritage ofHum
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1 nit .)
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galmee yu uneeskoo irratti akka galmaa'uu sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fedhii gama
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Kanaafuu Mootummaan Federaalawaa Itoophiyaa fi Mootummaan Naannoo Oromiyaa waliin
Oromoo ta'uudhaan fe dhii guutuun deeggaruu keessan mallattoo keessaniin akka mirkaneessitan
An Indi genous democratic political system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopia on the Representative List of the
lntamzible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.)
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qindaa'uun, Sirna Gadaa Yu uneeskoon galmeessisu uf sochii godhamu keessatti bakka bu'oota
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[ntan, ible Cultural Heritage ofHumanity.)
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Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addunyaa bakka bu 'ee ambaa addunyaa ta'uun
Kanaafu u Mootummaan Federaalawaa ltoophiyaa fi Mootummaan Naannoo Oromiyaa waliin
Intan ri ble Cultural Heritage of Human it .)
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aqaa (Name of applicants) Saa a ~ -Un1urii
(Sex) (Age )
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galmee yuuneeskoo irratti akka galmaa'uu sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fed hii gama
Intan1rible Cultural Herita2:e of Humanitv. )
-L, o aqaa (N ame of applicants) I Soolo I Umurii ~ - - - Gayee \ Amantaa Aanaa
ofsa (Sex} (Age } Hawaas ummaa(Socia l (Religion} (D istrict)
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uummataatiin jiru mul'isuuf mallattoo bakka bu'oota hawaasaa dhiyeessu un barbaachisaa dha.
Oromoo ta' uudhaan fedhii guutuun deeggaruu keessan mallattoo keessan iin akka mirkaneessitan
o.f:. . .H:;:.
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo galmee yuuneeskoo irratti g_almeessisuu
qindaa'uun, Sirna Gadaa Yuuneeskoon galmeessisu uf sochii godhamu keessatti bakka bu'oota
Oromoo ta'uudhaan fedhii guutuun deeggaruu keessan mallattoo keessan iin akka mirkaneessitan
lntanoible Cultural Heritage ofHumanit ., ____
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Sirna Gadaa Oromoo galmee yl)uneeskoo irratti __galmeessisuu
uummataatiin jiru mul'isuuf mallattoo bakka bu'oota hawaasaa dhiyeessuun barbaach isaa dha.
Oromoo ta'uudhaan fedhii guutuun deeggaruu keessan mallattoo keessan iin akka mirkaneessitan
kabajaan isin gaafanna. ( We, Abba Gada, Qallu, Clan Leaders, elders and other Oromo comm unity members
A n Indigenous democratic political system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopia on the Representative List of the
lntan >ible Cultural Heritage ofH umaTty.)
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ofsa {Sex) (Age) I Hawaasummaa(Socia l (Religion) (District)
(No)
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Sirna Gadaa Oromoo galmee yuu_
neeskoo__irrattLgalr]leessisuu
An Indigenous democratic political system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopi a on the Representative List of the
lnltn,ible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.)
La 0 I'Vlaqaa (Name orapplicants) Saala Umurii l::iayee Amantaa I Aanaa
ofsa (Sex) (Age ) Ha waas ummaa(Social (Religion) (District)
(No) statu s)
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fnttngible Cultural Heritage ofHumanit .
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Intamrible Cultural Heritage ofHumanitv.)
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(Religion)
I Aanaa
(District)
(No) statu s)
-225
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229
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Sirna Gadaa Oromoo galmee _y:uuneeskoo irratti __galmeessisuu
hereby confirmed with our Signature our fi·ee, prior and inform ed consent for the inscription of the Gada System:
l_nt~n,ible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Cikko Maqaa (Name of applicants) I- Umuri i ayee Amantaa Aanaa
(No) status)
231
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo galme_~YiJU n ~e~koo i rr~tti .Q~lm~essisuu
Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addunyaa bakka bu'ee ambaa addunyaa ta'u un
gatmee yuuneeskoo irratti akka galmaa'uu sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fedhii gama
uummataatiin jiru mut'isuuf mallattoo bakka bu'oota hawaasaa dhiyeessuun barbaachisaa dha.
Kanaafuu Mootummaan Federaatawaa ltoophiyaa fi Mootummaan Naannoo Oromiyaa waliin
lntanoible Cultural Heritfge ofHumanit .)
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Intan2:ible Cultural Herita2:e of Humanitv.)
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Hawaasummaa(Social
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status)
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Intan,rible Cultural Heritage of Humanit .)
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Intan Yible Cultural Heritage yf Humanit .)
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo galmee yuuneeskoo irratti __galmeessisuu
qindaa'uun , Sirna Gadaa Yuuneeskoon galmeessisuuf sochii godhamu keessatti bakka bu'oota
hereby confirmed with our Signature our free, prior and informed consent for the inscription of the Gada System :
lntan ~ble Cultural. Heritage ofHumi ty.) ~--
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ofsa
0 ~Name of applicantS)
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ofsa (Sex) (Age) Hawaasummaa(Social (Religion)
(No) status)
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo galmee_yuun~~skoo j_rratti galmeessisuu
ln tan 1j b Ie Cultural Heritage o_~t=-·H
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(No) status)
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo g~lme~yuune~skoo irrattL_g~Jmeessisu u
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Huma~it.z.
Lal<ko l Maqaa (.. · · f ·· r ·· ) ~ Umurii ayee Amantaa Aanaa
(No) status)
321
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo___galmee ~uu ne~skoo i rr~tti galrneessisuu.
hereby con finned with our Signature our free, prior and informed consent for the inscription of the Gada System:
lntan2:ible Cultural Heritage of Humanitv.)
aqaa (Kfameofapplicantsf I Saala Umurii Gayee Amantaa I Aanaa
(Sex) (Age) Hawaasummaa(Social (Religion) (District)
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An Indigenous democratic political system of the Oromo Nation in Ethio pia on the Representative List of the
Intan2:ible Cultural Herita2:e of Humanitv.)
Lakko
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I Umurii
(Age)
I <.:iayee
Hawaasummaa(Social
Amantaa
(Religio n)
Aanaa
(District)
(No) status)
341
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343
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346
347
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Kanaafuu Mootummaan Federaalawaa ltoophiyaa fi Mootummaan Naan noo Oromiyaa waliin
An [ndigenous democratic pol itical system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopia on the Representative List of the
Intan1rible Cultural Herita1re of Humanit)'.
Lakko
ofsa
I Maqaa (Nameofap Pficants) I Saala
(Sex)
I Umurii
(Age)
I Gayee
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I Amantaa
(Religion)
I Aanaa
(District)
(No) status)
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Intan ~r ible Cultural Heritage of Humanit. .
Umurii ayee Amantaa Aanaa
(Age) Hawaasummaa(Social (Religion) (District)
status)
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ofsa (Sex} (Age} Hawaasummaa(Social (Religion} (District}
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lntan ible Cultural Herita e of Humanit .
a o aqaa Name o app icants) ·~~+-~~~~----~~~------~--~----~--~------~~==~
Saa a Umurii ayee Amantaa Aa naa --
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galmee yuu neeskoo irratti akka galmaa'uu sochii godhamu keessatti gaaffii fi fedhii gama
hereby confirmed with our Signature our free, prior and informed consent for the inscri ption of the Gada System:
An Indigenous democratic pol itical system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopia on the Representative List of the
Intan ible Cult~al Herita e of Humanit .) _ _
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Intanrrible Cultural Heritarre of Humanitv.)
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ofsa
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(Sex)
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(Age)
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(Religio n)
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo galmeu uuneeskoo ir_r_~tti _g~meessisu_y_
Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addu nyaa bakka bu'ee ambaa addunyaa ta'uun
hereby confirmed with our Signature our tl·ee, prior and informed consent for the inscription of the Gada System :
An Indigenous democratic political system of the Oromo Nation in Ethiopia on the Representati ve List of the
_l_n~n,ibl e Cultural Heritage ofHumary.)_. __ ______
LaT< 0 Maqaa (Name of applicants) saara I Umurii 1 Uayee Amantaa - r Aa naa
ofsa (Sex) (Age) Hawaasummaa(Social (Religio n) ! (District)
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Sirna Gadaa Oromoo galmee yuuneeskoo .!rratti g~lmeessisuu
uummataatiin jiru mul'isuuf mallattoo bakka bu'oota hawaasaa dhiyeessuu n barbaachisaa dha.
Kanaafuu Mootummaan Federaalawaa ltoophiyaa fi Mootummaan Naannoo Oromiyaa wali in
Oromoo ta' uudhaan fedhii guutuun deeggaruu keessan mallattoo keessaniin akka mirkaneessitan
Intangi ble Cultural Heritfge of Human~
-. '' ~ Maqaa (Name o- applicants) I Saala
(Sex)
I U(Age)
muri i I Gayee
Hawaas ummaa(Social
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(Religion) \ (District)
status)
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status)
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Sirni Gadaa Oromoo aadaa uummattoota addunyaa bakka bu'ee ambaa addu nyaa ta'uun
Kanaafuu Mootum maan Federaalawaa ltoophiyaa fi Mootummaan Naannoo Oromiyaa waliin
qindaa'uun, Sirna Gadaa Yuun eeskoon galmeessisuuf sochii godhamu keessatti bakka bu'oota
kabajaan isin gaafanna. ( We, A bba Gada, Qallu, Clan Leaders, elders and other Oromo community members
Intan~i ble Cultural Herita e of Human it . )
Likl<o. ---rvraqaa Name o app icants Saa a I Umurii I Gayee Amantaa - Aana~ Mallattoo
ofsa (Sex) I (Age ) Hawaas ummaa(Socia l (Religion) (District) I (signature)
(No) statu s)
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uummataatiin jiru mul'isuuf mallattoo bakka bu'oota hawaasaa dhiyeessuun barbaach isaa dha.
Kanaafu u Mootummaan Federaalawaa ltoophiyaa fi Mootummaan Naannoo Oromiyaa waliin
hereby confirmed with our Signature our fi·ee, prior and informed consent for the inscription of the Gada System :
Intt n, ible Cultural Heritage ofHumanit .)
L.a k 0 Maqaa (Name of app icants Saa a Umurii ayee I Amantaa I Aanaa rMa llattoo
ofsa (Sex) (Age) Haw aas ummaa(Socia l (Religion) (D istrict) (signatu re)
(No) status)
4 52
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Sima Gadaa Oromoo gaJm e~_Xl.I!Jneeskq_g_ irratt.Lgalmeessisuu
qindaa'u un, Sirna Gadaa Yu uneeskoon galmeessisuuf sochii godhamu keessatti bakka bu'oota
Intan ible Cultural Heritage ofHumanit .)
Lak .o Maqaa [Name of app icants Saa a I Umurii I l:iayee I Amant aa I Aanaa
ofsa (Sex) (Age) Hawaasummaa(Socia l (Religion) (District)
(No) status)
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lntangl_ble Cultural Heritage of Humanit . )
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(Sex)
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r ayee
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lntkn~ible Cultural Heritfge ofHumanit .)
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Research and M Aba: Sending in Intangible Heritage

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Emblem: Oromia Regional State Culture and Tourism Bureau

Ref. No. Dh.A. G 13-1/2599

To Authority for Research and Conse~vati,Qn..of.Jloof..ld,u.J.dL..L...Io<L.L.....Y eritage Under

Signed and sealed

Geetuu Wayyeessaa Tolaa

Head of Oromiya Regional State Culture and Tourism Bureau

A document in which different community members of t he Oromo Nation

2. Respecting Human Rights

When a person seeks an asylum among the Oromo people, a ceremony is

3. Respecting Women's Rights

Whenever a woman's right is violated, be it by her own husband or by another

II. Economic Aspects

In Gada system, family asset is controlled by women . Men have the

In Gada system, the tradition of offering gifts is one of the mechanisms to

Therefore, the Gada system h as always encouraged sharing of wealth so as to

5. The tradition of helping one another

III. Social Aspects

1.2 Prayer to 'Waaqaa'

3. The Irreechaa Ceremony

"Hooyaa mare woo, mare woo, mare woo,

The Significance of the Inscription of Gada System by UNESCO

• The Gada System functions towards the strengthening of social relations;

Therefore, we faithfully request the inscription and recognition of the Gada

Abbaa Taaytaa Qorannoo fi Eegumsa Hambaatiif

Dhimmi isaa: Sirni G adaa Hambaa Addunyaa ta'ee akka Galmaa'uufGaaffii

Ummata Oromoo irraa Dhiyaate Erguu llaala,

Aadaa fi muuxannoon uummanni Oromoo walqixxununaa fi aadaa dimokraasii itTatti qabu,

0 ?-'~- 1,.'\~ t1l0'\

akkoofsii xalayaa kccnyaa haa ibsamu.

Ulaaga Abbaan Gadaa fi Koreen hojii raawwachiistuu ittiin filaman keessaa:

Gadaan Uummata Oromoo maal fayyade?

2.Kabaja Mirga Namoomaa

3.Kabaja Mirga Dubartootaa

l.Gayee Dubartiin diinagdee keessatti qabdu

4.Qabeenya walii qooduu

l. Hawaasa keessatti gayeen dubartoonni qaban guddisuu

1.1 Lola dhaabuu

1.2 Waaqa kadhachuu

1.3 Cubbuu baasuu

"Hoo yaa mare woo, mare woo, mare woo

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