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P525/1
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
2 ¾ hours

Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education

CHEMISTRY
(THEORY)
PAPER 1
2 hours 45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS:
Non-programmable scientific electronic calculators may be used
This paper consists of two sections A and B
Section A is compulsory and answer only six questions from Section B
The periodic table has been attached at the end
All questions must be answered in the spaces provided
Illustrate your answers with equations where applicable.
Molar gas constant R = 8.31 JK-1 mol-1
Molar volume of a gas at s.t.p is 22.4 litres.

For Examiner’s use only

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Turn Over

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 SECTION A (46 MARKS)
214
1. 83 Bi has a half-life of 20 minutes
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(a) (i) sketch a graph of percentage of 83 Bi remaining against time.

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ii) What percentage of 83 Bi remains after 70 minutes?

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(b) Write nuclear equations for the following charges;

i) When a 73 Li absorbs a colliding proton, the product disintegrates

into two exactly similar fragments.

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ii) When 90 Li emits six alpha particles and four beta particles in
its natural decay.

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2. a) Write the electronic configuration of titanium

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(b) State the possible oxidation states of titanium

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(c) For each of the oxidation states in (b), write the formula of a compound
in which titanium exhibits the oxidation state.

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3. Complete each of the following equations and name the main organic product.
heat
a) (CH3COO)2Pb …………………………………….
(1½ marks)
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PCl5
b) CH3COCH3 …………………………………….
(1½ marks)
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K2Cr2O7(aq)/H+ (aq)
c) OH ……………………………….
heat (1½ marks)

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4. The convention of a cell is given below:

Pt/Fe2+(aq), Fe3+(aq) // MnO4-(aq), H+(aq), Mn2+(aq)/Pt
(a) Write equations for the half – cell reactions at:
i) anode

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ii) cathode

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(iii) Write the overall equation for the cell reaction.

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(b) The electrode potential for the system Fe 2+(aq)/Fe3+(aq) and

Mn2+(aq)/MnO4-(aq) are + 0.76V and -1.51 Vrespectively.
i) Calculate the standard free energy of the cell.

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ii) What is the significance of the standard free energy?

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5. Write an equation for dissolution of each of the following compounds in water.

State whether the resultant solution is neutral, acidic or basic.
(a) Sodium sulphide

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(b) Ammonium methanoate

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(c) Phenyl ammonium chloride

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(d) Sodium benzoate

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6. Name a reagent that can be used to distinguish between each of the following
pairs of substances. In each case state what would be observed when the
reagent is treated with each member of the pair.
a) HCOO-Na+(aq) and Na2C2O4(aq)
Reagent:

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Observation:

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Reagent:

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Observation:

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c) H2S and SO2

Reagent:

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Observation:

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7. a) 25.0 cm3 of dimethylamine solution was titrated with 0.1 M hydrochloric
acid.
Sketch a graph to show the variation of pH of the resulting solution with
the volume of hydrochloric acid added.

b) 0.1 M hydrochloric acid was added to 25.0 cm 3 of sodium carbonate

solution.
Sketch a graph to show the variation of pH of the resulting solution with
the volume of hydrochloric acid added.
Explain the shape of the graph.

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8. a) Potassium tetroxalate has the formula H 2C2O4.KHC2O4.xH2O.
1.9 g of potassium tetroxalate was neutralized by 22.7 cm 3 of 1 M
sodium hydroxide solution using phenolphthalein as indicator.
Determine the value of x.

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(b) A 0.01 M solution of sodium chloride is 92.5% ionized at 18 oC.

Calculate the osmotic pressure of the solution in mmHg.
(R = 0.0831 atm mol-1K-1)

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9. State what is observed when the following substances are separately mixed
together.
(a) Ethanoic acid and neutral iron (III) chloride solution.

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b) Methanoic acid and hot copper(II) sulphate solution in the presence of

sodium hydroxide solution.

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 (c) Benzene diazonium chloride and Naphthalen – 2 – ol in the presence of
sodium hydroxide solution.

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(d) Methanol and benzoic acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric

acid.

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(e) Ethanol and phosphorus pentachloride.

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SECTION B: (54 Marks) Answer six questions

10. In the extraction of copper from its ores, the ores are first concentrated and then
roasted in air. The roasted material is then mixed with silica and heated with
hot air in a blast furnace producing copper.

(a) Write the name and formula of one ore from which copper can be
extracted.

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(b) Describe the process by which the ore named in (a) can be concentrated.

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 (c) Write equation for the reaction that takes place when the ore is roasted in
air.

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(d) Write equations for the reactions that lead to the formation of copper in
the blast furnace.

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11. Complete the following equations and in each case write a mechanism for the
reaction.

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12. Powdered magnesium hydroxide was shaken with water at 25 oC to form a

saturated solution. The mixture was filtered and 100 cm 3 of the filtrate required
6.4 cm3 of 1 M hydrochloric acid for complete reaction.
(a) Write an expression for the solubility product of magnesium hydroxide
and give its units.

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(b) Calculate the solubility product of magnesium hydroxide at 25 oC.

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 (c) Explain the effect, if any, on the solubility of magnesium hydroxide if
the following substances were added separately:
i) Sodium hydroxide solution.

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ii) A compound which forms a stable complex with magnesium ions.

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iii) Aluminium nitrate solution. (Ksp for Al(OH)3 = 1.0 x 10-32)

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13. Aminobenzene reacts quantitatively with bromine which is obtained by

electrolysis of concentrated sodium bromide solution. 25.0 cm 3 of 0.01 M
aqueous amino benzene was mixed with 25.0 cm 3 of 1 M potassium bromide
solution and electrolysed at a current of 0.1A. The first permanent bromine
colour was noticed after 1448 seconds and the electrolysis was stopped.
(a) Calculate:
i) the number of moles of bromine generated during electrolysis.
(1 F = 96,500 C)

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 ii) the number of moles of bromine that reacted with 1 mole of amino
benzene

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(iii) Write an equation for the reaction between amino benzene and
bromine

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(b) Compound A is a blue – green solid which dissolves in water to form a tale
blue solution. This solution forms a brown precipitate with potassium
hexacyanoferrate(II) solution and also gives a reddish – brown colour with a
few drops of iron(III) chloride solution.
When A is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, compound B which has a
distinctive sharp smell is formed.
Compound B has isolated and reacted with ethanol in the presence of acid to
form compound C. Write the structural formulae and names of compounds A,
B and C.

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14. Explain the following observations:
(a) The conductance of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid is much greater than that of
0.1 M hydrochloric acid is much greater than that of 0.1 M ethanoic acid.

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(b) The conductance of 0.1 M magnesium chloride solution is greater than

that of 0.1 M sodium chloride solution.

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(c) The conductance of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid is greater than that of

0.01 M hydrochloric acid but the molar conductance of the 0.01 M
solution of acid is greater than that of the 0.1 M solution of acid.

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 (d) When 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution is added to 25.0 cm 3 of 0.05 M
hydrochloric acid, the conductance changes as shown in the diagram
below.

conductance
Ω-1 cm-1

12.5 Volume of sodium hydroxide added/cm 3

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15. D is a dark-brown solid which on heating loses mass and forms a yellow
compound. D reacts with cold concentrated hydrochloric acid to form a
colourless liquid F of formula mass 349. On warming, F decomposes to form a
white solid G. G dissolves in both concentrated sodium hydroxide and
concentrated hydrochloric acid.
(a) Identify compounds D, E, F and G.

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 (b) Write equations for all the reactions that take place.

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16. a) Name two plants from which vegetable oil can be obtained.

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b) Soap was prepared from 9.5 g of oil containing hexadecanoic acid as

the main component.
i) Explain briefly how pure soap was obtained from the oil.

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ii) Write equation for the reaction leading to the formation of soap.

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 iii) Calculate the mass of soap formed.

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(b) Give one used of the residue left after the oil has been extracted.

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17. Propanone was mixed with trichloromethane.

(a) State and explain what was observed.

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 (b) Sketch a labelled diagram for the vapour pressure composition for the
mixture of propanone and trichloromethane.

(c) Describe what would happen if a mixture of propanone and

trichloromethane was fractionally distilled.

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 PERIODIC TABLE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1 2
H H He
1.0 1.0 4.0
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be B C N O F Ne
6.9 9.0 10.8 12.0 14.0 16.0 19.0 20.2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
23.0 24.3 27.0 28.1 31.0 32.1 35.4 40.0

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.1 40.1 45.0 47.9 50.9 52.0 54.9 55.8 58.9 58.7 63.5 65. 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.5 87.6 88.9 91.2 92.9 95.9 98.9 101 103 103 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Ti Pb Bi Po At Rn
133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 (209) (210) (222)
87 88 89
Fr Ra Ac
(223) (226) (227)
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
La Ce Fr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
139 140 141 144 (145) 150 152 157 159 162 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Ea Fm Mv No Lw
(227) 232 231 238 237 (244) (243) (247) (247) 251 (254) (257) (256) (254) 260

1
1. H – indicates Atomic number

2. H – indicates relative Atomic mass

1.0

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