Group Activity

Clean Fuel

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Clean fuel may refer to the type of fuel used for transport or a type of fuel used for cooking and
lighting. With regards to cooking, the Sustainable Development Goal 7 aims to "Ensure access to
affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all." Clean fuel there is defined by the
emission rate targets and specific fuel recommendations (i.e. against unprocessed coal and
kerosene) included in the normative guidance WHO guidelines for indoor air quality. Clean fuel is
one component of sustainable energy. One of its indicators is: "Proportion of population with primary
reliance on clean fuels and technology". The indicator is calculated as the number of people using
clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting divided by total population reporting
that any cooking, heating or lighting, expressed as percentage. "Clean fuel" is defined by the
emission rate targets and specific fuel recommendations (i.e. against unprocessed coal and
kerosene) included in the normative guidance WHO guidelines for indoor air quality.

Transport
Clean fuels used for transport can be biofuels that have lower greenhouse gas emission rates, such
as ethanol or biodiesel biogas. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is another example.

Cooking and lighting

Clean fuels used for cooking and lighting can include biogas, LPG, electricity, ethanol, natural gas.
Furthermore, clean-burning stoves, solar cookers and alcohol-fuel stoves are cooking solutions that
typically deliver high performance in terms of reducing indoor air pollution.This is often the case even
regardless of the type of cookstove used. These cooking solutions are often considered “modern” or
“clean” solutions and are collectively called BLEENS.

Other Web pages to take info.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_fuel

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 Information about some clean fuel
Ethanol
Ethanol is naturally produced by the fermentation process of sugars by yeasts or via petrochemical
processes such as ethylene hydration. It has medical applications as an antiseptic and disinfectant.
It is used as a chemical solvent and in the synthesis of organic compounds . But it can also be used
as fuel source :

● The largest single use of ethanol is as an engine fuel and fuel additive. Brazil in particular relies heavily upon the use of
ethanol as an engine fuel, due in part to its role as one of the globe's leading producers of ethanol.Gasoline sold in
Brazil contains at least 25% anhydrous ethanol. Hydrous ethanol (about 95% ethanol and 5% water) can be used as fuel
in more than 90% of new gasoline fueled cars sold in the country, Brazilian ethanol is produced from sugar cane. And
seeing that 50% of sugarcane gets waited in India and at least 25% of sugar cane gets waited all around the world
Ethanal can can be a good option as a fuel source
● According to an industry advocacy group, ethanol as a fuel reduces harmful tailpipe emissions of carbon monoxide and
other ozone-forming pollutants. It also is less prone to pre-ignition, allowing for better ignition advance which means
more torque, and efficiency in addition to the lower carbon emissions.

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Disadvantages

Ethanol combustion in an internal combustion engine yields many of the products of incomplete
combustion produced by gasoline and significantly larger amounts of formaldehyde and related
species such as acetaldehyde. This leads to a significantly larger photochemical reactivity and more
ground level ozone.This data has been assembled into The Clean Fuels Report comparison of fuel
emissions and show that ethanol exhaust generates 2.14 times as much ozone as gasoline exhaust.

Idea To improve

This can be resolved by Engines of such kind or strong enough so that they can they can
complete the combustion and reduce the problem of generating more ozone from the exhaust