ARBAMINCH UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE AND OTHER

HEALTH SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

COURSE: ONE HEALTH

NAME: ADISE AYANA

IDNO: NSR/171/12

SUBMITTED TO: MR.LAKEW.D

SUBMISSION DATE: 14/9/2015

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 One Health is a concept that recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal,
and environmental health.

It is a collaborative approach that involves multiple disciplines, such as public

health, veterinary medicine, environmental science, and others, working together to
address complex health challenges.

The One Health approach recognizes that the health of humans, animals, and the
environment are interconnected and that the health of one affects the health of the
others.

By working together, professionals can better understand the relationship between

human, animal, and environmental health and develop effective strategies to
prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases, improve food safety, and
promote the well-being of all living beings.

One Health approach has been applied in various contexts, including infectious
disease control, food safety, and environmental health, and is an important tool for
addressing global health challenge.

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1. EBOLA OUTBREAK IN WEST AFRICA:

The Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014-2016 was example of the One Health
approach. The outbreak of ebola caused by the transmission of the virus from
animals to humans, specifically fruit bats.

The core area of One Health in this case was the recognition of the
interdependence of human, animal, and environmental health.

The response to the outbreak involved a multidisciplinary approach that included

public health officials, veterinary professionals, and environmental scientists
working together to contain the outbreak and prevent future outbreaks.

The outbreak began in Guinea and quickly spread to Neighboring countries,

including Sierra Leone and Liberia.

The response to the outbreak involved a coordinated effort to identify and control
transmission from animals to humans, as well as to provide care and treatment for
infected individuals.

The Ebola virus is a highly infectious disease that is transmitted from wild animals
to humans and then spreads through human-to-human contact.

The core focus areas of the One Health approach to Ebola include:

1. Surveillance and monitoring: One Health approach involves surveillance and

monitoring of Ebola virus in animals and humans. This helps to identify potential
outbreaks early and prevent the spread of the virus.

2. Prevention and control: One Health approach involves developing and

implementing strategies to prevent and control the spread of Ebola.

This includes measures to reduce human contact with wild animals, such as
promoting safe hunting practices, and implementing infection control measures in
healthcare settings to prevent transmission of the virus.

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3. Collaboration and communication: One Health approach emphasizes
collaboration and communication between human health, animal health, and
environmental health professionals to develop and implement effective strategies
for preventing and controlling Ebola

This includes collaboration between public health officials, veterinarians, and

wildlife experts to understand the ecology of the disease and develop effective
prevention and control strategies.

Overall, the One Health approach to Ebola recognizes the interconnectedness of

human, animal, and environmental health in the transmission of the virus and the
importance of a collaborative approach to addressing this complex health challenge

By working together across disciplines, we can better understand and address the
underlying factors that contribute to the spread of Ebola and other infectious
diseases.

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2. AVIAN INFLUENZA OUTBREAK IN SOUTHEAST ASIA:

The avian influenza outbreak in Southeast Asia in the mid-2000s was another
example of the One Health approach.

The core area of One Health in this case was the recognition of the
interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health in the emergence
and spread of infectious diseases. The response to the outbreak involved a
coordinated effort between public health officials, veterinary professionals, and
environmental scientists to contain the outbreak and prevent future outbreaks.

Avian influenza, also known as bird flu, is a viral infection that primarily affects
birds, but can also infect humans and other animals.

The One Health approach recognizes that the health of birds, humans, and the
environment are interconnected, and that addressing avian influenza requires a
multidisciplinary approach

The core focus areas of the One Health approach to avian influenza include:

1. Surveillance and monitoring: One Health approach involves surveillance and

monitoring of avian influenza viruses in birds, humans, and other animals

. This helps to identify potential outbreaks early and prevent the spread of the
virus.

2. Prevention and control:

One Health approach involves developing and implementing strategies to prevent

and control the spread of avian influenza.

This includes vaccination of birds, biosecurity measures on poultry farms, and

public education campaigns to promote safe handling and preparation of poultry
products.

3. Collaboration and communication:

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One Health approach emphasizes collaboration and communication between
human health, animal health, and environmental health professionals to develop
and implement effective strategies for preventing and controlling avian influenza.

Overall, the One Health approach to avian influenza recognizes the

interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health in the transmission
of the virus and the importance of a collaborative approach to addressing this
complex health challenge

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3. ONE HEALTH APPROACH TO LYME DISEASE recognizes the
interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health in the transmission
of the disease and the importance of a collaborative approach to addressing this
complex health challenge.

Lyme disease in the United States:

Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness that affects humans and animals.

The core area of One Health in this case is the recognition of the
interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health in the emergence
and spread of infectious diseases.

The response to Lyme disease involves a multidisciplinary approach that includes

public health officials, veterinary professionals, and environmental scientists
working together to understand the ecology of the disease and develop effective
prevention and control strategies.

Overall, the core areas of One Health involve understanding the interconnectedness
of human, animal, and environmental health in the emergence and spread of
infectious diseases, and developing a multidisciplinary approach to address these
challenges.

The core focus areas of the One Health approach to Lyme disease include:

1. Surveillance and monitoring: One Health approach involves surveillance and

monitoring of the prevalence of Lyme disease in humans, animals, and the
environment.

This helps to identify areas where the disease is most prevalent and where
prevention and control measures are I'mneeded.

2. Prevention and control: One Health approach involves developing and

implementing strategies to prevent and control the spread of Lyme disease.

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 This includes measures to reduce tick populations, such as habitat modification
and the use of tick repellents, as well as public education campaigns to promote
awareness of the disease and prevention measures.

3. Collaboration and communication:

One Health approach emphasizes collaboration and communication between

human health, animal health, and environmental health professionals to develop
and implement effective strategies for preventing and controlling Lyme disease.

. This includes collaboration between public health officials, veterinarians, and

wildlife experts to understand the ecology of the disease and develop effective
prevention and control strategies.

Overall, the One Health approach to Lyme disease recognizes the

interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health in the transmission
of the disease and the importance of a collaborative approach to addressing this
complex health challenge. Lyme disease in the United States:

Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness that affects humans and animals

Overall, the core areas of One Health involve understanding the interconnectedness
of human, animal, and environmental health in the emergence and spread of
infectious diseases, and