CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

A. Background

The Audiolingual method is a method in which many practice and practice in language in the form of
dialogue, sermon, etc. which are expected to enable students to speak like the owner of the language
itself. The audiolingual method is basically the development of a direct method which is felt to have
weaknesses especially in explaining things that are difficult for students to understand. For this method,
besides emphasizing language teaching through listening and imitation, it is also possible to use mother
tongue for explanation.

This method is usually applied more with the shape of a drill pattern. The use of a drill approach is
commonly used in military circles. Because at first this method was widely used in military circles, this
method was also called the army method.

B. Problem Formulation

Based on the background of the problem above, we formulate the problem as follows.

1. Understanding the Audiolingual Method

2. What is the history of the Audiolingual Method?

3. What are the assumptions of the Audiolingual Method?

4. What are the characteristics of the Audiolingual Method?

5. What are the main objectives of the Audiolingual Method?

6. How are the steps to teaching the Audiolingual Method?

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Audiolingual Method?

BAB II

DISCUSSION

Understanding the Audiolingual Method

Basically the Audiolingual method is almost the same as other methods. The method that appears
before this method is the Direct (Direct Method) method. The Audiolingual method is the method
which focuses in repetition somewords to memorize. Audiolingual method is a method which uses drills
and pattern practice in teaching language. Jill Kerper Mora from San Diego University mentioned:

"This method26 is based on the principles of behavioral psychology. It is an adaptation of the Reading
Approach skills."

This Audiolingual Method is a method whose implementation is focused on training, drill, memorizing
vocabulary, dialogue, reading texts. As for in practice students are invited to learn (in this case English
directly) without having to bring in an native language. The basis and procedures of teaching in this
method are also taken from the methods that have been there before, namely the Direct Method. In
addition, Audiolingual goals are also not different from Direct Method, which is to create communicative
competence in students. As is known, pronunciation (pronunciation), arrangement and other aspects
between foreign languages and mother tongue are very different. Therefore, in learning foreign
languages (in this case English) the students are required to recite and or repeat word for word given by
the teacher so that they are not as affected as possible in the mother tongue.

Repetitions done over time will become a habit. Likewise in terms of pronouncing foreign language
words (English), if it has become a habit, students will automatically and reflexively be able to do it. So
that in its implementation, so that the business can run smoothly it is necessary to require seriousness
from both the teacher and students.

B. History of the Audiolingual Method

The Audiolingual method is a method that has developed during World War II. American participation
in World War II has had a significant influence on teaching English in the country. To equip the American
government with personnel who are fluent in German, French, Italian, Chinese, Japanese, Malay and
other languages the translator, assistant code-room, and language translator are required for special
language training programs. The government assigns universities in America to develop foreign
languages for American military personnel. Thus until finally the Army's Specialized Training Program
(ASTP) was established in 1942. In early 1943 as many as 55 universities were involved in this program.

This method, also known as the Army method, developed as a reaction to the Grammar-Translation
method in the teaching of foreign languages. This Grammar-Translation method has been used for a
thousand years, but it takes a very long time for learners to be able to speak a foreign language that is
targeted. About 1947-1967 the Auditing Linguistic approach has become the dominant foreign language
teaching method in America. With more innovative methods, the Audiolingual method is able to reach
communicative competencies faster.

This theory is based on the behavioristic theory developed by Skinner. As is known that behaviorists
believe that language learning is essentially a matter of pembisaaan and formation of culture. With the
mindset that the important learning process is stimulus and response and strengthening. Therefore, in
the world of language learning the theory gave birth to an Audiolingual approach that provides many
repetitions. They believe that if language learning is done by repetition, then the language competence
will be obtained.

The flow of behaviorism explains the notion of behavior through action and reaction or what we
commonly know by the term stimulus and response; different stimuli produce different responses. The
relationship between a particular stimulus and a particular response is called a habit or habit.

Watson, a figure in the classical flow of behaviorism psychology once suggested that a stimulus can
bring responsiveness, so it can be concluded if the stimulus occurs permanently then the responsiveness
is trained and directed but ultimately it can occur automatically. In the Audiolingual method based on
the behavioristic theory used in this study, the teacher's role is very dominant because the teacher
chooses the form of stimulus, gives punishment and reward, provides reinforcement and determines
the type, and the teacher who chooses the material, and how to teach it.

The Main Purpose of the Audiolingual Method

The principle of a method is built on the goals that are enforced at the beginning of time. The
Audiolingual method has four main objectives which include learning an English as a Foreign language.
The purpose is :
 1. Learners can understand foreign languages when speaking at normal speed and care about the usual
things that happen around the conversation.

2. Language learners are able to speak in received pronunciation and proper grammar.

3. Language learners do not have difficulties in understanding printed material.

4. Learners of language are able to write with good standards.

Steps for presenting the Audiolingual Method

1. A short dialogue or reading presentation, by the way the teacher reads it repeatedly, and the student
listens to see the text.

2. Imitation and memorization of dialogues or short readings, with the technique of imitating the
reading of the sentence teacher in a classical sentence, while memorizing the sentences. This technique
is called mimicry-memorization (mim-mem) technique.

3. Presentation of sentence patterns contained in short dialogues or readings, especially those that are
considered difficult, because there is a structure in the student's mother tongue. This is done by dri
techniques which are generally mechanical.

4. Dramatization of dialogue or short readings that have been trained. Students demonstrate or
dramatize dialogues that have been memorized in front of the class in turn.

5. Exercises to make other sentences that match the sentence patterns that have been learned.

Strengths and Weaknesses of the Audiolingual Method

 Implicitly we have alluded to some of the advantages of the Audiolingual Method. As well as other
language teaching methods, then besides the advantages, there are also some weaknesses or
shortcomings of the Audiolingual Method.

1. The advantages of this method include:

a. Can be applied to moderate classes.

b. Give lots of practice and practice in aspects of listening and speaking skills.

c. Appropriate for students' linguistic levels.

d. Audiolingual may be the theory of first language teaching which openly claims to be formed from a
combination of linguistics and psychology.

e. The Audiolingual method tries to make language learning more accessible to learners in large
numbers (large classes). This causes learner participation through drill techniques to be maximized.

f. Positive drill can help students develop their oral abilities.

g. Teaching techniques in the Audiolingual method using tape recording and language laboratories
offer speaking and listening skills training which is the most important thing in language learning. Drill
patterns give students more practice.

h. The Audiolingual method develops language skills into "pedagogig equipment" which is listening
(listening), reading and writing. The Audiolingual method specifically introduces the design of listening
and oral training techniques. This shows success in developing listening and speaking fluency.

2. While the deficiencies in the Audiolingual Method include:

a. Skilled and skillful teachers are needed

b. Serinkali tests are tedious and inhibit the hypothesizing of language rules and give very little
attention to spontaneous utterances.

c. The techniques used in Audiolingual methods such as drill, memorization, etc. may be able to make
language a behavior (kebisaaan), but it does not eliminate the expected competencies.

d. With the Audiolingual method, the teacher might complain about the amount of time (long) needed,
and the students would complain about the boredom caused by the drill pattern that is constantly being
used.

e. Teacher roles and activeness are important in the Audiolingual method, so teachers dominate the
class more.
Conclusion

The Audiolingual method is a method in which many practice and practice in language in the form of
dialogue, sermon, etc. which are expected to enable students to speak like the owner of the language
itself. The audiolingual method is basically the development of a direct method which is felt to have
weaknesses especially in explaining things that are difficult for students to understand.

The Audiolingual method is a method that has developed during World War II.

In the audiolingual method you have assumptions that are concepts or ways of thinking, so through this
assumption, you will know the essence of the Audiolingual Method. In the audiolingua meode there are
3 assumptions, namely:

1. Language is the utterances used in everyday life. With the statement

2. Listening and speaking come first, then followed by reading and writing.

3. Every language user is directed to speak in different ways. That means.

Has thirteen characteristics and four goals. The four goals:

1. Learners can understand foreign languages when speaking at normal speed and care about the usual
things that happen around the conversation.

2. Language learners are able to speak in received pronunciation and proper grammar.

3. Language learners do not have difficulties in understanding printed material.

4. Learners of language are able to write with good standards.