JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership
EDUC 5324 Integrating Technology into Education

Name: Jasmine Richardson Date: June 9, 2023

Cite the reviewed article in APA format:

Akubo, M., Morris, D., Ogodo, J., Simon, M. (2021). Examining K-12 Teachers’ Digital
Competency and Technology Self-Efficacy During COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of
Higher Education Theory and Practice. 21. 13-27. 10.33423/jhetp.v21i11.4660.

INTRODUCTION

Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what
is the theoretical background or overarching theme):
Despite the increase of technology use in the classrooms, COVID-19 showed multiple
challenges with remote education such as policy conflicts, curriculum design, and a
pre-existing digital divide among students of different socioeconomic statuses. School
districts also suffered due to the emergency shift and under-preparedness of teachers
to adjust to online teaching due to lack of experience and competency in technology.

The research questions that are focused on in this study are: “What access to digital
tools did K-12 teachers and students have at the onset of Covid-19 during the
transition from face-to-face, to virtual learning?”, “What were the digital competencies
and self-efficacy levels of K-12 teachers as they transitioned into remote teaching?”,
“How did K-12 teachers describe the transition process into a virtual learning
environment?”.

Purpose of the research: The purpose of this study was to assess teachers’
experiences, digital competency, and instructional technology self-efficacy as they
transitioned from standard in-person learning to virtual learning environments.

METHODOLOGY

What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue? Provide information regarding the following:

Participants: The participants used for this research consisted of K-12

teachers from twelve different states in the US. The study was opened to all K-
12 educators across multiple disciplines.

Procedures:
In order to understand teachers’ self-efficacy, the researchers used
Bandura’s self-efficacy theory to understand teacher self-confidence
about technology and digital efficacy. This was crucial to understand as
teachers’ perception of themselves plays a major role in expected
learning outcome.