THE LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF MODULAR INSTRUCTION STUDY AS

PERCEIVED BY GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

A Research Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of
Baguio City National High School
(address)

By:

MARIEL DACALAÑO
2022
 Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

COVID-19 pandemic has highly affected our society because of its health risks that may

lead to danger. One of the affected sectors was education and it resulted to the suspension of

classes in order to avoid the spread of the virus. Despite of these challenging situations, the

Department of Education still managed to continue the classes through online conduct setting.

Education helps people think, show their emotions, feel about things in a way that benefits to

their success, and improves not only their own personal contentment but also their society and

community. Also, education develops the individual’s personality, thoughts, that deals with other

people and prepares anybody for the purpose of the reality and life experiences (Al- Shuaibi,

2014).

Face-to-face learning usually where the instructor and the student meet in a set place for a

set time, for either one-on-one learning or, most commonly, in gathering class lessons

comparable to what happens in school. Face to face learning could be a truly compelling way to

memorize information and abilities since it frequently combines distinctive ways of learning to

count writing, reading, discussion, presentations, projects, group work, film clips, demonstration

and practice (Jones, 2017).

Online learning is the most up to date and the most prevalent form of distance education

nowadays. In the past decade, it has a major effect on postsecondary education and the trend is

only increasing. Online learning is an instruction that takes put over the Internet. It is frequently

referred to as “e-learning” among other terms. However, online learning is fair one sort of
“distance learning” - the umbrella term for any learning that takes put over distance and not in a

traditional classroom (Stern, 2016).

Modules permit instructors to organize content to assist control the flow of the course.

Modules are utilized to organize course content by weeks, units, or a diverse organizational

structure. Modules basically make a one-directional direct flow of what students ought to do in a

course. Each module can contain records, discussions, assignments, tests, and other learning

materials. Module things can be included in the course from existing content or modern content

shells inside the modules. Course content can be included in different modules or iterated several

times throughout a person module (Anthony, 2015).

This study will determine the level of effectiveness of modular learning as perceived by

the student in Baguio National High School as one of the flexible learning modalities used by the

institution during the pandemic. The study will also measure the advantages and disadvantages

of modular learning through the effect of printed modules for the Grade 12 students of Baguio

National High School. Different platforms and the effectivity will be also finding based on the

Grade 12 student’s academic performance.

Theoretical Framework

This study is anchored on Bruner Constructivism theory. Constructivism as cited by

Fosnot (2005) emphasizes the active role of learner in building understanding and making sense

of the information. The constructivist teaching is learner centered where students are actively

involved in knowledge construction rather than passive learners. A major theme in the theoretical

framework of Bruner is that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas

or concepts based upon their current and previous knowledge. The learner selects and transforms
information, constructs hypotheses, makes decisions, and relies on their own understanding.

Cognitive structure (schema) provides meaning and organization to experiences and allows the

individual to go beyond the information given. In other words, the teacher should try and

encourage learner to discover principles by themselves. With the use of the module the learner

will be able to process new ideas that they read from the module. From there they can depend on

their own understanding and develop their problem-solving skills.

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

 Modular learning will be brought three different variables in order to achieve the result of

the study which is to determine the advantages and disadvantages, academic benefits and factors

of effectiveness of modular learning to the academic performance of the students.

Statement of the Problem

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face learning will not be probably available sue

to the risk of the spread of the virus so that the government together with the Department of

Education (DepEd) implemented a contactless learning through distance learning by the use of

modules and online classes.

Due to this new normal type of learning Grade 12 students of Baguio National High

School have several factors that influence them on what they more prefer in their capability of

learning, if they are struggling or benefiting on the printed modules provided to them. In this

problem statement, the following are asked about:

1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using printed modules in the learning of the

Grade 12 students of Baguio National High School through their demographic profile in terms

of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Parent’s Occupation

1.4 Current Financial Status

2. What are the academic benefits of using modules in learning of Grade 12 students of Baguio

National High School?

3. Are there any factors of effectiveness of using printed modules in the learning of the Grade 12

students of Baguio National High School based on their academic performance?

Hypothesis

H1 = There were significant advantages and disadvantages of using printed modules in the

learning of the Grade 12 students of Baguio National High School through their demographic

profile.

H2 = There were no significant advantages and disadvantages of using printed modules in the

learning of the Grade 12 students of Baguio National High School through their demographic

profile.

H3 = There were significant academic benefits of using modules in learning of Grade 12 students

of Baguio National High School.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

This research will be focusing on the effects, effectiveness advantages and disadvantages

of printed modular learning. The study will be limited only for the Grade 12 students of Baguio

National High School only. The study is all about the student’s preference on the type of learning

they want in accordance to their capability and interests, and also their benefits and struggles in a

printed modular learning system. The study will be conducted to determine the important factors

and opinions of the Grade 12 students of Baguio National High School.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study will be conducted due to the COVID-19 pandemic that primarily affects the

sector of education in the whole country.

Baguio National High School- this study shall provide more relevant results on the academic

benefits, effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages of printed modular learning to the Grade

12 students of Baguio National High School that relates other high school students in the

country.

Senior High School Students- This study will benefit the senior high school students and also

the teachers and faculties of Baguio National High School because their opinions will be heard

for the improvement of the quality education provided by the school.

Future Researchers- In addition, the results of this study will help the future researchers on

conducting similar study on the academic benefits, effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages

of printed modular learning to provide more focus to the conditions of the students about the

system of learning they most prefer.

REFERENCES:

Al-Shuaibi, A. (2014). The Importance of Education. Retrieved from ResearchGate:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260075970_The_Importance_of_Education

Aleilamat, A. (2012). The Effect of Educational Modules Strategy on the Direct and Postponed

Study's Achievement of Seventh Primary Grade Students in Science, in Comparison with the

Conventional Approach . Retrieved from ERIC: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1081470.pdf

Ambayon, C. (2020). Modular-Based Approach and Students’ Achievement in Literature.

International Journal of Education & Literacy Studies, 32-36

Dejene, W., & Chen, D. (2019). The practice of modularized curriculum in higher education

institution: Active learning and continuous assessment in focus. Retrieved from Taylor and

Francis Online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/2331186X.2019.1611052

Jones, J. (2017). face to face vs. online learning. Retrieved from HeadSpace:

https://headspace.org.au/young-people/face-to-face-vs-online-learning

Stern, J. (2016). Introduction to Online Teaching and Learning . Retrieved from WLAC:

http://www.wlac.edu/online/documents/otl.pdf