Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 1

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction

Extracurricular activities plays an important role in today’s education. When one

consider the large number of activities available, one realizes the diversity programs.

Includes are athletics, student government, fine arts, academic clubs, service organizations

and etc. There has been a considerable amount of research devoted to studying the effect of

extracurricular involvement in activities and student academic performance in terms of their

average grade.

The students participating extracurricular activities, spending their time, giving effort

to those activity but despite of those, there is a significant effect to their academic

performance. In situation like they were not able to attend their class and they face difficulty

to understand the lecture being discussed and how they manage their time after those activity

they joined.

In the academic year 2018-2019, Liceo de Cagayan University, Main Campus has a

total of 84 honor students. The researchers conducted a preliminary survey to identify how

many honor students are involved in joining such activities. The questionnaire of the study
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 2
was distributed by the researcher's in each strand consisting honor students only. Based on

preliminary survey there are 49 honor students who are participating extracurricular activities

and 35 honor students are not participating extracurricular activities.

According to Craft (2012) Time management is another important aspect of the

hidden curriculum. All students that are involved in extracurricular activities must balance

their time need to devote time to practice, games, and participation. They need to do this

while still performing at a high level in the classroom. Many student athletes actually

perform better during their season, because they are forced to successfully balance academics

and participation. The students tend to be more motivated to succeed in the classroom if they

have to meet certain academic requirements in the classroom. By balancing practice time

(sports, performing arts, or clubs) with school academics, these students use their time more

efficiently.

According to Bugs (2005) The effects of music and sports are also controversial in

their relation to academic performance. School is interested in the “relationship between

academic achievement and participation in interscholastic sports at middle level schools,”

implying that sports do have some sort of influence on how students perform academically

(Stephens & Schaben 2002). All of these activities appear to have some sort of effect on

students’ academic performance; however, the issue of whether they benefit or hinder is

unknown.

The main objective of the researchers to determine the common reasons or problems

encountered by those who are participating extracurricular and how can it affect their

academic performance. Therefore, the research findings on that objective become the basis of
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 3
an intervention program for school effectiveness and those students who are involve in

extracurricular activities. This study focuses on extracurricular activities and the academic

performance of the Grade 11 All strand and honor students of Liceo de Cagayan University,

Main Campus who were participating extracurricular activities.

Conceptual and Theoretical Framework

Extracurricular activities

The term “extracurricular activity” refers to any organized activity that takes place

outside of the regular school curriculum. These are activities defined as something done for

pleasure or purpose that usually involves a group (Merriam-Webster, 2016). The types of

extracurricular activities include: (1) sports, (2) organizations (Officer/Membership), (3)

competitions (inter-grade level, interschool, division, provincial, and others), (4) Music.

The theoretical foundation for examining the effect of participation in extracurricular

activities has on student achievement can be found in the Institutional Theory. The Theory

of Institutionalism created a link between the actions of the institution and the institution

itself. The relationship of this theory to extracurricular activities and student achievement is

based on the premise the extracurricular activities must operate under the control of the

individual schools and school districts, and the activities may have positive or negative

impacts on student achievement (Reeves, 2008). In this study, the relation between activities

from one another is important, it affect the other variable. The Extracurricular Activities in
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 4
this study were the independent variable. Total extracurricular activity participation (TEAP),

or participation in extracurricular activities in general, is associated with an improved grade

point average, higher educational aspirations, attendance, and etc.

Demographic questions, such as age, gender, grade level, and strand will be asked in

order to take the social factors and influences into account when calculating the results. The

students were also asked what their academic goal and their grade point average from first

grading to third grading.

Frequency were asked in order to know how many days they spent in extracurricular

activities. In this study this variable is independent which can affect the academic

performance of the students.

Academic performance is identified as the dependent variable. Academic

performance was defined as relating to school performance or the quantity or quality of a

student’s work. It included content-specific knowledge, school performance, dropout, and

school engagement. Their academic performance were based on their average grade in first

grading and second grading included standardized tests, teacher reports, or direct

observations of classroom behavior. For this research, the terms academic achievement or

academic performance will be used interchangeably to refer to the multiple in independent

variables.
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 5

DEPENDENT
INDEPENDENT
Extracurricular Activities:
 Sports
 Music
 Dance ACADEMIC
 Community service
 Religious PERFORMANCE
organization and
etc.
Frequency:
 number of days spent
in extracurricular
activity in week
 number of days spent
in in extracurricular
activity in month

Statement of the Problem

Research indicates the participation in extracurricular activities affect student’s academic

performance. More specifically, studies will be conducting assessing the effects of

extracurricular activities on academic performance. The purpose of the study was to

determine the effect of participation in extracurricular activities on the academic

performance. This study sought input as to whether participation help or hindered academic

performance.

1. Personal Profile of respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender
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1.3 Level/Strand

1.4 Average grade from first to third grading

2. What type of extracurricular activities they most participated?

3. How many days they participate in extracurricular activities?

4. Is the academic performance can be affected if they participate extracurricular

activities?

Hypothesis

Ho= There is no significant effect on participating extracurricular activities to their

academic performance.

H1=There is a significant effect on participating extracurricular activities to their

academic performance.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

This research covers Liceo de Cagayan University Main campus Senior high school

Honor students Grade 11 whichever the strand as of this Academic school year 2018-2019

who were participating extracurricular activities. In this study, the academic performance

refers to the average grade of from first to third semester to be asked by their class adviser

and confirmed by the academic chairperson.

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 7

Significance of the Study

The hopes to provide the following groups with aid:

Research Community of Liceo de Cagayan University. The study will aid the body of

knowledge in the university as observed that in the open library, there was less studies that

tackled about the effect of extracurricular activities on academic performance. This once

published, would reveal clusters of associated problems that would generate and increase

interest among researchers and scholars to delve deeper into effect of participating

extracurricular activities of senior high students.

Students. The study itself has an objective to the know students who were participating

extracurricular activities and the effect of participating an extracurricular activities especially

this study will provide benefits.

Teachers. The study will give away more awareness to the faculty of the university since

extracurricular activities were part of the school system and this will help to know what the

effect of participating extracurricular activities are.

School. The will serve as source of information as well as the recommendation and

intervention that should be taken into university.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are applicable to this study.

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 8
Extra-curricular activity. This variable refers to any activity that requires a student to exert

extra effort besides the academic activities during school days. It does not fall within the

scope of a regular curriculum; specifically; or relating to officially approved and organized

student activities connected with school and usually carrying no academic credit. The type

of extracurricular includes are sport, music, dance, community service and etc. This plays

important role in the study through it can affect the other variable which is academic

performance.

Average grade. This variable refers to the first semester to third semester grades of the

senior high students. In this study, This variable where you can identify their academic

performance through their grades. The average grade of the students will be asked by their

respective adviser.

Frequency. This variable refers to the number of days they spent in extracurricular activities in a

week or in month, this is important to determine in on order to evaluate how many time or day spent

because it can affect their performance in school or the average of the students.
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 9

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents published thesis, journals and studies that are relevant and treated

useful in conducting this research. This includes the background of the extracurricular

activities, academic performance from local and international sources and findings from

published studies. Despite the scarcity of finding related works that will play a big part on

this study. The research team still with high spirits treat all these relevant and necessary to

provide a strong foundation for this study.

Foreign Literature and Studies

Extracurricular activities

Extracurricular activities are defined as the activities in which the students participate

after the regular school day has ended (Cadwallader, et al., 2002). Among those activities

considered to be high school extracurricular activities include high school athletics, school

clubs, marching band, chorus, orchestra, and student leadership organizations. For the
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 10
purpose of this study, the researcher will make a distinction between extracurricular activities

and co-curricular activities. Co-curricular activities are activities that occur during the normal

class time (Frame, 2007), such as high school band, chorus, and orchestra where students

spend countless hours outside of the normal structure of the school day for practice and

performances. This involvement includes participation in sports and other school sponsored

activities. It has been noted that students who are consistently exposed to music perform

better academically in school than students who do not engage in music training or

performances (Cash, 2009).

They conducted a case study involving successful secondary school in New Zealand.

The study included personal interviews with the students, staff members, detailed

observation of both in and out of classroom, documentation of aesthetic features of the

school itself, hence the author suggested several ways in which extracurricular activities

contributed to academic success. It is helpful for to identify the problem of every student who

are engaging extracurricular activities. (Burrow& Mc Cormack, 2011).

According to Shamsudin (2014) emphasize that there is no significant positive association

between participation in extracurricular activities and students achievement. Furthermore

Craft (2012) present that participation in extracurricular activities has shown to have a wide

range of positive impact on student performance and achievement.

In 2017, Tanner postulate that the extracurricular activities may have positive effect

on academics. Meanwhile, Extracurricular may have negative effect when they produce an
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 11
overload schedule and cause students to define primarily by their activities rather than as

students. These lead to the students to become aware and conscious of their time in order to

good grades and some students were failed to their academics due to the involvement of

extracurricular activities.

According to Hattie 2008, He argue that extracurricular activities could benefit

students where they can learn something beyond what they have learn in the classroom. In

addition, students with more involvement with the programs have shown decrease in

behavioral issues, and a significant positive effect on students’ academic achievement. The

study further discuss that participating extracurricular activities can affect also their grades

and enable them to balance they time for their study and participating such activities. The

extracurricular able them to learn something and also enhancing their skills.

Academic Performance

According to Jone et al., (2000) He suggested that students, who participate in

extracurricular activities, are more successful in several academic aspects of their lives

.According to Herbert and Reis, “these extracurricular activities and programs appeared

significantly impact these young people, for they were consistently cited as being extremely

influential in the development of the students’ ability to excel academically”. He found that

participation in school based extracurricular activities had a stronger effect on academic

achievement than other activities outside of school. The ability to excel at the secondary level

paves the way for students to continue to experience success in college, in their professional
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 12
Life, and within their social circles.

This has been assessed along traditional lines, and perhaps unfairly, from a basically

quantitative viewpoint based on scores or marks obtained in different school subjects. In

addition to performance, numerous variables have also been related as predictors of either

failure or success as a function of the tendency or importance they have in the student’s

marks or scores. But there are controversies not only in delimiting and relating concepts of

failure and performance or in studying variables supposedly related to both. Another

relevant aspect under investigation has been determining an adequate methodological system

for studying school failure through the prediction drawn from academic performance. In this

effort the most-used methods are discriminant analysis, multiple linear regression or logistic

regression analysis, among others (García, Alvarado & Jiménez, 2000).

Frequency

Frequency were asked in order to know how many days they spent in extracurricular

activities. In this study this important independent variable which can affect the academic

performance of the students.

Time management is another important aspect of the hidden curriculum. All students

that are involved in extracurricular activities must balance their time (Metzl & Shookhoff,

2002). They need to devote time to practice, games, and participation. They need to do this

while still performing at a high level in the classroom. Many student athletes actually

perform better during their season, because they are forced to successfully balance academics

and participation. The students tend to be more motivated to succeed in the classroom if they
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 13
have to meet certain academic requirements in the classroom. By balancing practice time

(sports, performing arts, or clubs) with school academics, these students use their time more

efficiently

Local Literature and Studies

In 2017, she argue about how the involvement of extracurricular activities affect the

performance and participation of students in the academic aspect of the Senior High School

students of Rizal memorial institute of Dapitan City (Gallemit et al., 2017). According to the

department of education memorandum of Republic Act 10533 of enhanced the Basic

Education Act of 2013(K-12 law), grades between academic and extracurricular activities are

not be added to the overall grades anymore. The study significance to let the students know

how to handle extracurricular and in deciding how much time they should allocated to a

certain activity.

He determine the extent of involvement of college student leaders in extra-curricular

activities along the areas of religious, leisure, employment/part time jobs, socio-political and

sports and its influence in their academic performance. Student leaders from Central Luzon

State University and Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology were asked to

supply information from a three-part questionnaire. Results revealed that the student leaders

of CLSU were sometimes involved in religious activities, leisure activities, socio-political

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 14
activities and sports activities while they were never involved in employment/part time jobs

while for the student leaders of NEUST; they were sometimes involved in religious and

leisure activities, never involved in employment/part time jobs and rarely involved in socio-

political activities and sports activities. Correlation analysis proved that there was a

relationship between extra-curricular activities and academic performance. For religious

activities, being a church officer proved to have a positive influence to the college students'

grade point average. For leisure activities, watching television as a traditional leisure activity

have strong evidence connecting to high academic performance while on the other side of

leisure, involvement in drinking alcoholic drinks has yielded positive results, showing that

the more involvement means lower academic performances (Almerol,2008).

The study entitled, extracurricular and co-curricular involvement of the third year

Nursing students of Capitol University will give information about the extracurricular and

co-curricular activities of nursing students of Capitol University. The researchers use

frequency method to determine the percentage of those involved in different extracurricular

and co- curricular activities. They analyze the available data, gathered from students. In this

study they used method that could correlate and present concise result as with the rest of the

date. They conducted a survey with 236 respondents from the 3rd year nursing students of

Capitol University. Based on the findings of it is shown that the majority of nursing student

does not participate extracurricular and co-curricular activities. The researcher design an

instructional material to encourage the nursing students to participate extracurricular and co-

curricular activities (Jacinto et al., 2006)

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 15

Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodology of the study. It discusses about the research method,

the respondents of the study, the research instrument, data gathering procedures, and the

statistical technique that will be used in the study.

Research Setting

The area of the study is only located within the main campus of Liceo de Cagayan

university, Main campus. The Research setting is situated in Rodolfo N. Pelaez boulevard,

kauswagan road, Kauswagan Cagayan de oro city, 900 misamis oriental, Philippines.

Research Design

The research will apply the descriptive design for the reason to identify what are the

possible problems of the student who are participating extracurricular activities. This design
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 16
answers who, what where and especially how related to particular research. This design used

to obtain information about the present situation to gain understanding.

Respondents and Sampling Procedure

Sampling Procedure

The sample procedure of the study is purposive in nature. The respondents will be the

Honor Senior High school students, Grade 11 ALL STRAND of Liceo de Cagayan

university- Main campus, school year 2018-2019, which is the researchers will use a list of

honor students and chooses the necessary number of respondents, to exclusion of all other

students.

Research Instruments

The study’s prior objective before the conclusion is to collect the data from the

respondents. The type of question will be used in this study is Non- researchable questions.

Survey questionnaire will be used in this study. Demographic profile, the initial part will

collect personal data of the respondents by filling up the following blanks of age; grade level;

and strand. The survey questionnaires will be characterized as Yes or No type which

answerable by yes or no and Recognition type which is the answers are already provide and

they simply choose from among given choices.

Validity and Reliability of the Instruments

In order to establish the content of the method and instruments of data gathering and

the research instruments the study will be underwent face validation and reliability test. The
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 17
study will developed by the researchers of the expert of this field. To establish the reliability

and face validation of the instruments will be administered to research adviser Ryan Cloyd

Q. Villanueva, research grammarian Lourdes Bette and research statistician Maria Joy B.

Madiloso.

Research Protocol

To ensure the quality and reliability of research findings, the Senior High School student

researchers shall be observe the following University Research Protocol:

1. The researchers will seek approval from the adviser after careful assessment

and review of the research / investigatory project manuscript.

2. The High school principal will approve the schedule for the defense of the

research proposal/ investigatory project after through assessment and review of

the final manuscript.

3. After proposal defense, the research will accomplish the research Ethics

Application From and submit it to the office of the Vice president for Research,

Publication and Extension together with the approved research proposal.

4. The Associate Director of the Research and Publication Office reviews the

proposal and Research Ethics Form for compliance with the University format

and guidelines. The research ethics from shall be forwarded to the Vice
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President for Research, Publication, and extension for further review and

approval of the Research Ethics Committee.

5. The researchers will write letter to secure permission from the College

Dean/Principal/Department Chairman/ Director or Head of the Office where the

researchers plan to conduct the study.

6. The researchers will secure the respondents’ consent to participate in the study.

Moreover, the respondents will be assured that all their responses should be

treated with utmost confidentially.

7. Provision of the final manuscript. The researchers will provide the adviser copy

or the manuscript for the assessment and review of the quality and relevance of

the paper prior to the scheduling of the final research presentation.

8. Once is approved by the adviser, it will be forwarded to the Research

Coordinator for further review of the completeness of the paper. The

Coordinator then meets with Principal of for the scheduling of the paper

presentation.

9. After the final paper presentation, the researchers shall incorporate all the

corrections and suggestions of the Research Panel. It will be reviewed by the

adviser and panel members.

10. After the final paper presentation, It will be submitted to the office of the Vice

President for Research, Publication, and Extension for Plagiarism and

Grammarly Tests.
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 19
11. The researcher will be forwarded the final paper to their assigned editor. After

incorporating all the corrections, the research shall submit the final paper to the

adviser and Research Panel for signature and approval for binding.

12. The researchers shall submit the soft bound copies and electronic copy their

final paper to the Research Teacher/ Adviser. The Teacher/ Adviser shall

endorse the copies to the Research Coordinator.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers secured a written permission to the Liceo de cagayan university

Senior High School Main campus. Regards from the registrar office for the total population

of honor students, and verification from academic chairperson if they are a honor students. In

this study

We conducted a preliminary survey to the grade 11 All strand honor students. The main

instrument in data gathering will be a survey questionnaire for the respondents. The student

questionnaire was into two part namely demographic profile and extracurricular activities

they involved and the problems they encountered. The researchers will be collect a data by

means of survey questionnaires that comprises their age, gender, year level, strand, and

student status and the problems encountered by the Senior High School honor students will

be identified, through the second part of the survey questionnaire that was given to them,
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 20
after the respondents have taken the test. The papers will be checked, tallied, interpreted and

analyzed.

Statistical Technique

z- test

z- test is a statistical test used to determine whether two population means are

different when the variances are known and the sample size is large. The test statistic is

assumed to have a normal distribution, and nuisance parameters such as standard deviation

should be known in order for an accurate z-test to be performed. The z-test is also a

hypothesis test in which the z-statistic follows a normal distribution. The z-test is best used

for greater than 30 samples because under the central limit theorem, as the number of

samples gets larger, the samples are considered to be approximately normally distributed. In

this study, the researchers decided to choose the Z- Test, The total of Grade 11 ALL

STRAND Senior High School honor students are more than 30 respondents.
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REFERENCES

Fujita, K. (2005). The Effect of Extracurricular Activities on the Academic Performance

of Junior High Students.

Johnston, L.H. (2013). The Effect of Extracurricular Activities on the Academic

Performance and Retention in the Middle Tennessee State University Horse

Science Program. Middle Tennessee State University. Tennessee State University.

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 22
O’Dea, J.W. (1994). The Effect of Extracurricular Activities on the Academic

Performance. The School of Education. Drake University.

Sillikier, S.A., & Quirk, J.T. (1997). The Effect of Extracurricular Activity Participation on

the Academic Performance of Male & Female High School Students.

Tanner, B. (2017). The Effect of Extracurricular Activities and Physical Activity on

Academic Success. The BYU Undergraduate Journal in Psychology; Brigham

Young University.

Rees, E.G. (2008). The Effect of Participation in Extracurricular Santos, P.D., Jacinto, R.M.,

& Lumbay, S.M., et al. (2006). The Effects of Extracurricular and Co-curricular

Involvement of the Third Year Nursing Students of Capitol University.

Holland, A., & Andre, T. (1987). The Participation in Extracurricular Activities in

Secondary School; Review of Educational Research. Iowa State University.

Marsh, H.W. (1988). The Extracurricular Activities a Beneficial of the Traditional

Curriculum or a Subversion of Academic Goals; U.S. Department of Education.

Spicer, L.J. (1994). The Relationship between Involvements in Extracurricular Activities

&Academic Achievement of Students at Floral High School retrieve on February

2,2019, from the website: http://thekeep.eiv.edu/theses/2042.

Craft, S.W. (2012). The Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Student Achievement at the

High School Level. The University of Southern Mississippi.

Watkins, A.B. (2004). The Effects of Participation on Extracurricular Activities on The Mean

Grade Point Average of High School Students in a Rural Setting; University of

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 23
Tennessee, Knox vine retrieve on January 23,2019, from the website:

https://trace.tennessee.edu/ulk_graddiss/4580.

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

LETTER OF CONSENT

The following printed documents attached here in are formal letters that will be sent to the

parents for consents, the principal of Liceo de Cagayan University, Main campus for
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 24
permission to conduct a survey and verification of the honor students if they are credible,

also a confirmation from the coordinator of extracurricular activities if the respondents are

truly participated the e extracurricular activities.

APPENDIX C

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRES

The attached survey questionnaires are mixed form design in both: Yes or No question and

Recognition type of questions manner. In Yes or No in type for able to verify if they are
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 25
participating extracurricular activities and other questions. Also, Recognition type so that the

respondents can answer the question which are given and constructed choices.

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

This instrument plays a focal role in the data gathering of the proponents therefore, the

respondents are expected to be fair and honest in filling and the answering the questions

below.

Name (optional):__________________________________________________________________

Sex:
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 26
_____ Female ______ Male

Age:

____14-15 years old

____ 16-17 years old

____ 18-19 years old

____ others, please specify

Grade level: Grade 11

Chosen strand:

____ STEM

____ ABM

____ HUMSS

____ COALITION

Are you participating extracurricular activities?

____ Yes

____ No

Which extracurricular activities are you involved?

____ Dance

____ Music

____Sports

____Community service

____ Religious
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 27
____ Others , please specify.

How many days do you spent in extracurricular activities in a week?

___1-3 days

___3-6 days

___ 7 days

How many days do you spent in extracurricular activities in a month?

___1-3 days

___3-6 days

___ 7 days

___ Others, please specify.

Do you have enough time to manage your involvement on extracurricular and academic
performance?

___Yes

___ No

Were there any problems that you encountered when you are involved in such activities?

___ Yes

___ No

If yes, check the following:

___ Less productive in class

___ Face difficulty understanding the lesson

___ Often absences

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 28
___ Not able to attend in the class

___ Difficulty balancing time

___ Others, please specify.

Does participating extracurricular activities can affect your academic performance?

___ Yes

___ No
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 29
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 30

APPENDIX F

CURRICULUM VITAE

2x2 picture

executive look
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 31

Name:

Address:

Email Address:

ORCID no.

Name of Father:

Name of Mother:

School Graduated:

Elementary

High School

College
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department Page 32
Membership: