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HOLIDAY HOMEWORK SET -8

READING SECTION

UNSEEN PASSAGE- PRACTICE SET -8

Read the passage given below.

1 Though more than seven years have passed since the E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules came
into
effect in May 2012, their implementation is still in a nascent stage, at least in Varanasi, one of the major
cities of Uttar Pradesh. In fact, the state ranks fourth among the 10 largest e-waste generating states in the
country.
2 The E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2011 mandate for safe disposal of electronic and
electrical wastes through private bodies. According to a UPSPCB official, it is mandatory for the
municipal corporation to provide a site to the private firm for proper disposal of e-waste. The site for this
purpose has been made available in Ram Nagar area, he said. The E-waste (Management and Handling)
Rules 2011 also suggest that it is the responsibility of the municipal corporation to ensure that e-waste, if
found to be mixed with municipal solid waste, is properly segregated, collected and channelized to either
authorized collection centre or dismantler or recycler.
3 The Research Unit of the Rajya Sabha has compiled a comprehensive report on e-waste in India.
According to the report, there are 10 states that contribute up to 70 per cent of the total e-waste generated
in the country, while 65 cities generate more than 60 per cent of the total e-waste in India. Among the 10
largest e-waste generating states, Maharashtra ranks first followed by Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar
Pradesh, West Bengal, Delhi, Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Punjab.
4 All over the world, the quantity of electrical and electronic waste generated each year, especially by
computers
and televisions, has assumed alarming proportions.
5 Globally, about 20-50 MT (million tonnes) of e-wastes is disposed of each year, which accounts for 5%
of all
municipal solid waste. A report of the United Nations predicted that by 2020, e-waste from old computers
would jump by 400 per cent on 2007 levels in China and by 500 per cent in India. Additionally, e-waste
from discarded mobile phones would be about seven times higher than 2007 levels and, in India, 18 times
higher by 2020. Such predictions highlight the urgent need to address the problem of e-waste in
developing countries like India where the collection and management of e-waste and the recycling
process is yet to be properly regulated.
6 E-waste releases many toxic substances that are serious health hazards. Unless suitable safety measure
are taken, these toxic substances can critically affect the health of employees and others in the vicinity –
who manually sort and treat the waste - by entering their body through respiratory tracts, through the skin
or through the mucous membrane of the mouth and the digestive tract. Therefore, the health impact of e-
waste is evident. There is no doubt that it has been linked to the growing incidence of several lethal or
severely debilitating health conditions, including cancer, neurological and respiratory disorders, and birth
defects.
7 This impact is found to be worse in developing countries like India where people engaged in recycling
e-waste
are mostly in the unorganized sector, living in close proximity to dumps or landfills of untreated e-waste
and working without any protection or safeguards. Many workers engaged in these recycling operations
are the urban poor and unaware of the hazards associated with them. (Source: 1NN)

Based on your understanding of the passage, answer the questions given below.
(a) Choose the most appropriate statement to complete the sentence.
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Despite E-waste management rules coming into effect in May 2012, _

(i) their implementation has yet to take off, at least in Varanasi
(ii) Varanasi at least has been able to take off its implementation rules
(iii) their implementation is still in a ascent stage, at least in Varanasi
(iv) their implementation is now out of control, at least in Varanasi

(b) According to the UPSPCB, what are the rules under which municipal bodies mandated to provide?
(c) State the responsibilities of municipal bodies after the passing of the e-waste Management Handling
Rules
of 2011.

(d) Select the antonym for the word 'generating' in Para 3 of the text.
(i) disturbing (ii) destroying (iii) disbursing (iv) deflating

(e) Based on your understanding of the text, what does the comprehensive study done by the Research
Unit
of the Rajya Sabha state?

(f) Some commonalities that are found all over the world is that e-waste from computers and TVs
________

(i) have reached alarming proportions (ii) have alarming side-effects

(iii) have alarmed the industry (iv) have achieved alarming attention

(g) What are the speculations about e-waste made by the U. N. in 2020?

(h) Below are given the health hazards faced bye-waste handlers, working without proper safety
measures
with e-waste entering their bodies ___________________________

(i) through respiration, digestive tract. Shin of the leg and the membrane of the skin
(ii) through the skin, the mouth, the digestion and through the respiratory tract
(iii) through the respiratory tract, the digestive tract, the skin of the mouth
(iv) through the respiratory tract, the skin, the mucous membrane of the mouth and the digestive tract

(i) Suggest why the impact of e-waste is worse in countries like India.

(j) Suggest a suitable title for the passage.

(i) The Bane of e-waste in India and the World

(ii) India a Computer Hub or e-waste Dump
(iii) The Urban Poor and e-waste
(iv) Urgent Measures for e-waste Management

WRTING SECTION- INVITATION

FORMAL INVITATIONS AND REPLIES

Invitations are extended to relatives, friends, acquaintances and clients on a number of

social occasions like marriages, births, engagements, deaths or other public functions.
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Invitations are of two types. –

1) Formal Invitations
2) Informal Invitation

While formal invitations are sent for the above-mentioned occasions, many people also send a
handwritten informal invitation beforehand to make these occasions more personal, cordial and
intimate as is appropriate to their relationship.

Formal Invitations:-
Formal invitations are sent in official capacity for public functions except in the case of
Marriage/ Anniversaries.
• A simple yet elegant printed card is preferred.
• Invitations are written in the third person.

Important Points

The invitation is laid out so that each of the following is in a separate line:
• the name(s) of the host (s) issuing the invitation
• the standard expression 'request the pleasure of the company of .'
• the reason for the invitation.
• the time and date of the event.
• the venue of event
• In case a VIP is to be invited (at an official function), his/her name appears prominently
• In case of Printed cards, the name of the invitee may not figure in the invitation.
• The date of issuing the invitation is not mentioned.
• No punctuation is required at the end of a line.
• The simple present tense is used.

FORMAT OF FORMAL INVITATIONS

 Note it down in your homework copy

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