ABB LOMIF LOMI4 r8 RD 1KHW002024

ABB Power Systems
FOX515
LOMIF 152 & LOMI4 151
User Manual
User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
User Guide
LOMIF 152 & LOMI4 151
Platform FOX515 Release R8
Release History: Release 7B: February 2007

Release 8B: December 2008
Release 8C: August 2009
December 2009
May 2010
Copyright and Confidentiality: All rights of this document remain with ABB
Ltd (ABB). This document contains confidential information which is the
property of ABB. It must be held in confidence by the recipient and may not
be used for any purposes except those specifically authorised by contract or
otherwise in writing by ABB. This document may not be copied in whole or in
part, or any of its contents disclosed by the recipient to any third party,
without the prior written agreement of ABB.
Disclaimer: ABB has taken reasonable care in compiling this document, however ABB
accepts no liability whatsoever for any error or omission in the information
contained herein and gives no other warranty or undertaking as to its
accuracy.
ABB reserves the right to amend this document at any time without prior
notice.
Document number: 1KHW002024
ABB Ltd
Power Systems
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden – Switzerland
© ABB Switzerland Ltd, 2010

The right to modifications or deviations due to technical progress is reserved.
1KHW002024 page 2 of 69 ABB

Contents i
1 Introduction 7
Summary 7
Front panel 9
2 Architectural description 11
Block diagram 11
Description 12
3 Functional description 15
2 Mbit/s G.703 interfaces 15
4 Installation 17
Prerequisites 17
Slots 17
Connections and cables 17
Fixing the cables to the cable tray 23
5 Configuration 25
Setting the parameters 25
Setting alarm parameters 33
Summary of default UCST parameters 34
6 Operation 35
Status/maintenance 35
Displaying status 36
Setting loops 39
Performance monitoring 47
Protection switching with the LOMI<X> 49
7 Failures, alarms and notifications 53

Failure indication 53
Fault cause tables 53
Notifications 55
ABB page 3 of 69 1KHW002024

8 Maintenance 57
Inventory data 58
Software download 58
Upgrades 58
9 Summary of Standarts 59
10 Technical Specification 63
Parameters controlled via UCST 63
Modes and traffic signals 65
Performance monitoring 66
Maintenance functions 66
Physical 2 Mbit/s signals 67
Power consumption 67
Mechanical Parameters 68
Reliability 68

Precautions and safety
Except for the standard precautions for ESD outlined in the installations sec-
tion when handling the unit, there are no special safety precautions to be fol-
lowed in installing and configuring the LOMIF and LOMI4.
For generic information on precautions and safety refer to the Precautions
and Safety User Guide.
Referenced documents
1KHW002000 Precautions and safety
1KHW002057 FOX515 Technical Description
1KHW002058 FOX 12 Technical Description
1KHW002013 COBUX 212, 213 & COBUV 217, 218
COBUX 219, 223 & COBUV 220, 224 User Guide
1KHW002024 User Guide LOMIF 152 & LOMI4 151
1KHW002059 FOX User Guide
1KHW002007 FOX Network Functions

Technical support
ABB Technical Support is available as follows:
ABB Switzerland Ltd

Power Systems
Utility Communications
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden
Switzerland
Phone: +41 58 589 37 35

or: +41 844 845 845 (Call Center)
Fax: +41 58 585 16 82
E-Mail: utility.communication@ch.abb.com
URL: www.abb.com/utilitycommunications

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Introduction
1 Introduction
Summary
The LOMIF (Low Order 2 Mbit/s InterFace) and LOMI4 functional units pro-
vide G.703 2 Mbit/s interfaces for the FOX515/512.
The LOMIF unit has 8 x 2 Mbit/s Tx/Rx interfaces according to ITU-T G.703
and uses 1 slot in the subrack. The LOMI4 unit is the same width as the
LOMIF unit but provides only 4 x 2 Mbit/s Tx/Rx interfaces.
The UCST R8B SP02 supports the LOMIF and LOMI4 as follows:
 LOMIF 152
2 Mbit/s interfaces according to ITU-T G.703 with features as stated in
User Guide LOMIF 152 & LOMI4 151:
 8 interfaces 2 Mbit/s (120 / 75 )

 P12 (path) modes (Terminated, Monitored, Transparent, Clock
Master)
 Sa-Modes for terminated signals (SSI, ECC, SSM G.704, V5 appli-
cations, fix pattern)
 Setting of TS16 spare bits
 Routing table to control the synchronisation information with the
traffic signals
 Control of the TTI
 Performance Monitoring according to G.826
 Clock Master functionality
 PRA functionalities
 NT1 Leased Line functionalities
 Maintenance/Status function for the CRC-4 MFA (Multi-Frame
Alignment)
 AIS Insertion in the 2 Mbit/s
 Bidirectional protection switching by using the remote defect indi-
cation as switching criterion.
 LOMI4 151
The LOMI4 151 provides the same features as the LOMIF 152 but has
only 4 2 Mbit/s interfaces.
For more information on the requirements for hardware and software, please
refer to the release notes.
Please note that the UCST R8B SP02 supports LOMIF and LOMI4
obsolete function units as follows
 LOMIF 120, 140, 158
 LOMI4 150, 159

Introduction User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
Definition of terms
In this document, the generic names

 LOMI<X> is used to name the following units and templates released with
the UCST R8B SP02:
 Units/templates with 8 E12/P12 subunits:
 LOMIF 152 (initially released with the UCST R5C SP02)
 Unit/templates with 4 E12/P12 subunits:
 LOMI4 151 (initially released with the UCST R5C SP02)
If the context requires differentiation between the units and templates, the
full names LOMIF 152 or LOMI4 151 are used.
 FOX is used to name the
 FOX515
 FOX512
For a technical description of the

 FOX515, refer to FOX515 Technical Description.
 FOX512, refer to FOX 12 Technical Description.
 COBU<X> is used to name the

 COBUX 212, 213, 219, 223
 COBUV 217, 218, 220, 224
 COBUL 216
For a technical description of the
 COBUX 212, 213, 219, 223, refer to COBUX 212, 213 & COBUV 217,
218.

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Introduction
Front panel
Fixing Screw
Pull-out handle
Product label
Fault indicaton LEDs

1: Unit LED
2: Traffic LED
Connector for traffic signals
Pull-out handle
Fixing Screw
Figure 1: LOMI<X> front panel

Introduction User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Architectural description
2 Architectural description
The LOMI<X> is implemented using the following functional blocks:
 G.703 Interfaces
 DXC
 Peripheral Unit Communication C-LAN interface
 CPU block with micro-controller, memory and peripheral logic
 Power converter block
Block diagram
Front Panel
Backplane
Fault indication
Unit (SbU0)
CPU
Hardware Control
Fault indication
Traffic (SbU1-k)
r
Peripheral Unit
ICN
Communication
G.703 IF
8
7
6
5
4
2
3
Data Timing
1 PBUS
and PBUS
2 Mbit/s Timing IF PBUS
G.703 DXC
E12 interfaces: k
+3.3 V Power
+5 V
+5 V VCC_BP
0V GND
0V
-5 V
-5 V -VCC_BP
Figure 2: Block diagram of the LOMI<X>
LOMIF: k=8
LOMI4: k=4

Architectural description User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
Description
G.703 IF
Depending on the LOMIF or LOMI4 unit, this block is repeated once for each
of the
 8 interfaces of the LOMIF
 4 interfaces of the LOMI4
and provides the following:
 galvanic isolation
 protection against over-voltage
 signal receiver and transmitter
The 120  or 75  line termination is determined by the wiring of the cable

to the LOMIF/LOMI4 connector set. No hardware setting of jumpers on the
unit or setting of parameters via the UCST/FOXMAN-UN are required.
DXC
Depending on the LOMIF and LOMI4 unit this block is implemented with
 2 ASICs for the LOMIF:
It provides access to the PBUS Interface and DXC (1/0) functionality for
the 8 x 2 Mbit/s signals.
 1 ASIC for the LOMI4:
It provides access to the PBUS Interface and DXC (1/0) functionality for
the 4 x 2 Mbit/s signals.
For 2 Mbit/s signals in Terminated mode, the DXC is on a 64 kbit/s TS level
for TSs 1-31.
For 2 Mbit/s signals in Transparent and Monitored mode the DXC is on a 2
Mbit/s level where all 32 TSs including TS0 are grouped together.
Each ASIC interfaces to any one of the 32 PBUS highways available on the
subrack backplane via the PBUS Interface block. Each PBUS highway car-
ries up to four 2 Mbit/s signals.
An internal PLL is available and takes its reference clock from one of the 2
PBUS timing highways accessed. If both PBUS’s timing highways fail, the
timing signal is taken from the CPU. The 2 Mbit/s outputs that are synchro-
nised to the CPU are disabled (i.e. no signal at output).
The PBUS Interface block provides the connection for data and timing be-
tween the DXC and the PBUS highways on the subrack backplane.
Peripheral unit communication
This block is used to access system timing signals, hardware control lines for
reset and unit detection and the ICN that allows the COBU<X>/COBUQ to
communicate with the LOMI<X>.

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Architectural description
CPU
The CPU block commands and controls all other functional blocks, and al-
lows communication with the COBU<X>/COBUQ via the ICN. A flash
EPROM for the unit’s ESW, an EEPROM for the inventory data, and a RAM
for the unit's configuration file are available.
Power
This block provides the 3.3 VDC needed by the DXC block. It comprises cir-
cuitry for monitoring the 5 VDC input, and circuitry for converting the 5 VDC
into the 3.3 VDC.

Architectural description User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Functional description
3 Functional description
2 Mbit/s G.703 interfaces
All the 8 SbUs of the LOMIF and 4 SbUs of the LOMI4 support the following
functions independently:
 Termination of G.704 framed signals with or without CAS and/or CRC-4
 Transparent handling of G.703 unframed or G.704 framed signals
 CRC-4 operation enabled/disabled for framed signals
 Use of the TS0 Spare bits (called Sa-modes) for various applications
listed below for framed signals in terminated or monitored mode:
 SSI (Synchronisation Status Indication) in Sa5 bit as currently used by
the UBUS units (MEGIF) in order to ensure proper network synchroni-
sation
 ECC (Embedded Communication Channel) with TTI (Trail Trace Iden-
tifier) and SSM (Synchronisation Status Messages) uses all 5 bits.
 SSM (Synchronisation Status Message) in any Sa bit according to
ITU-T G.704
 V5.x application in order to allow the link identification procedure of
V5.2 to take place (Sa7 bit = logical “0“ from 2 of 3 consecutive G.704
frames). The Sa bits are all fixed to logical “1“ for V5.1
 Fixed to an operator defined pattern
 PRA application that allows you to implement the functional blocks of
the NT1 and the LT in the FOX network:
 NT1-T (PRA)
 NT1-U (PRA)
 LT-V3
 LT-U
For details of the PRA application and implementation (the handling of
the Sa-bits and the A-bit), refer to the chapter “E12 and E12/P12 Traf-
fic Signal Layer” in FOX Network Functions.
 NT1 Leased Line application that allows you to implement the NT1
Leased Lines functional blocks in the FOX network:
 NT1-T (LL)
 NT1-U (LL)
For details of the NT1 Leased Line application and implementation
(the handling of the Sa-bits and the A-bit), refer to the chapter “E12
and E12/P12 Traffic Signal Layer” in FOX Network Functions.
 Routing table for SSI or SSM data provided with terminated traffic signals.
 Control of the TTI (for the ECC Sa-mode only)
 Status/Maintenance functions to
 Read status information related to the subunit (TTI, Sa-bits, loop
status etc.)
 Apply loops in the signal path (front end and back end)

Functional description User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
 Performance Monitoring
 according to G.826
 count of frame slips
 Maintenance/Status function for the CRC-4 MFA (Multi-Frame Alignment)
 AIS Insertion in the 2 Mbit/s signal leaving the LOMI<X> IF B if the 2
Mbit/s input signal on port A fails (port A and B are cross connected via
P0_nc).
 Bidirectional protection switching by using the remote defect indication as
switching criterion. This feature is mainly used uniform routing in case of
a unidirectional failure is required, e.g. in case of SPR (shared protection
ring) application.
For a detailed description of the E12/P12 traffic signal layer and correspond-
ing features and implementations, refer to the chapter “E12 and E12/P12
Traffic Signal Layer” in FOX Network Functions.

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Installation
4 Installation
Prerequisites
The implementation of the

 LOMIF 152 and LOMI4 151 require the UCST R8B SP02 (or a more re-
cent version).
Please note that:

 Keep the unit in the ESD protection bag until it is fitted into the
subrack.
 Before taking the unit out of its ESD protection bag, make sure
that you have not accumulated electro-static charges.
Slots
The LOMI<X> takes up 1 slot in the FOX subrack. It can be inserted in all
slots except slot 11 which is reserved for the control unit and slot 21, which
has no PBUS access.
Connections and cables
Connector and signals
The pin assignment of the front panel connector X1 is shown in the figure
below.
Please note that the
 LOMIF connects all 8 subunits (SbU1 … SbU8)
 LOMI4 connects the 4 first subunits (SbU1 … SbU4)
The LOMI4 does not connect the pins assigned to the SbU5 …
SbU8.

Installation User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
X1
a b c s
b
32 Output
a
31
s SbU8
b
30 Input
a
For cable 29 s
latching clip b
28 Output
a
s SbU7
b
Input
a
s
b
Output
a SbU6
23
s
b
22 Input
a
21 s
b
20 Output
a
s SbU5
b
Input
a
s
b
Output
a
s SbU4
b
Input
a
12 s
b
12 Output
a
11
s SbU3
X1 b
10 Input
a
s
b
a c Output
32
a
s SbU2
b
Input
a
For cable 5 s
b
latching clip 4 Output
a
3
s SbU1
b Input
2
a
1 1
Figure 3: Front view of the front panel connector X1
Label Signal description

s Shield for coaxial cables (75 Ohm signal termination)
The shield of symmetrical cables is not connected on the connector.
a Signal "a" for symmetrical cables (120 Ohm signal termination) and
centre lead for coaxial cables (75 Ohm signal termination)
b Signal "b" for symmetrical cables (120 Ohm signal termination)
Pins without specified signal are not connected.

Depending on the cable used, the wires are connected to the pins for 120
Ohm or a 75 Ohm signal termination:
 Signals a, b: 120 Ohm signal termination
 Signals a, s: 75 Ohm signal termination
Please note that
 LOMIF and LOMI4 use the same cables
 LOMIF connects the cables for the SbU1 … SbU8.
 LOMI4 connects the cables for the SbU1 … SbU4.
 the cables provided by ABB Switzerland are internally con-
nected for 75 Ohm (pins a, s) or 120 Ohm (pins a, b).
 the output signal b is available on two pins (row a and c). Avoid
unintentional connections to the pins with the redundant output
signal b.
 for the cables specified below the
 leads corresponding to inputs are referred as Rx
 leads corresponding to outputs are referred as Tx
Do not enable G.703 subunits which are not connected at the re-
mote end of the cable. Cross talk onto such an open-ended cable
can cause spurious alarms.
By default, all the subunits are disabled.

Cables
View B
A
View A B
c a
Rx1
Tx1 View A
Rx2
Tx2
Rx3
Tx3
Rx4
Tx4
Rx5
Tx5
Rx6
Tx6
Rx7
Tx7
Rx8
Tx8
Figure 4: Cable LOMIF/C1.1-2 for 120 Ohm signal termination
Latching clips MUST be used to secure the cable to the front panel connec-
tor.

View B
A
View A
B
c a
Rx1
View A
Tx1
Rx2
Tx2
Rx3
Tx3
Rx4
Tx4
Rx5
Tx5
Rx6
Tx6
Rx7
Tx7
Rx8
Tx8
Figure 5: Cable LOMIF/C1.1-1 for 75 Ohm signal termination
The 75 Ohm cable to the interface of each SbU is an open ended

twisted pair.
Please note that
 The cable MUST be properly connected to an external cus-
tomer provided (twisted pair <--> coaxial cable) adapter box or
a corresponding connector field.
For the Tx and Rx signals of each SbU:

 line “a” of the cable connects to the centre lead of the coax-
ial connector,
 line “s” of the cable connects to the shield of the coaxial ca-
ble.
 Due to the mismatching impedances of the termination and ca-
ble you must keep the connection cable as short as possible (a
few metres). This requires that the 75  patch panel installed
close to the FOX (e.g. in the same rack).
 If the symmetrical connection cables are longer than a few me-
ters, it is not possible to guarantee a LOMI<X> interface per-
formance according to ITU-T G.703.
Latching clips MUST be used to secure the cable to the front panel connec-
tor.
Cable modules
The connection of coaxial cables requires an external 75  patch panel

which provides the required coaxial terminals.
ABB Switzerland provides a modular patch panel. Cable Modules with con-
nectors for the 75  signals of the 4/8 interfaces of the LOMI<X> subunits
carry the signals to the ABB Switzerland patch panel and provide the coaxial
connectors for the traffic signals.
The ABB Switzerland patch panel is preferably installed in the same rack as
the FOX with the LOMI<X> units (refer to the notes above).

Fixing the cables to the cable tray
The cable must be attached to the cable tray of the FOX515 or the corre-
sponding device of the FOX512.
The figure below shows the cable/cable tray assembly of the FOX515.
Figure 6: Side view of the FOX515 cable tray and cable
For additional information, refer to FOX User Guide.

With the FOX512 the cable tray functionality is implemented differently and
depends on the type of installation (rack-, wall-mounted).
For more information on fixing the cables with the FOX512, refer to FOX512
Installation Guide.


User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Configuration
5 Configuration
Units are automatically initialised when the power is switched on (i.e. when
the unit is plugged into the subrack). The unit obtains the configuration data
from the control unit.
Cross connections (assignment of the channels to the TSs of a transmission
SbU are made as described in FOX User Guide.
Please note that
 all the dialogues are shown for the LOMIF unit. The same dia-
logues apply for the SubU1 … SubU4 of the LOMI4 unit.
 some of the functions are not available with all unit versions, i.e.
with obsolete function units.
Setting the parameters
Double click on the unit you want to configure to open the Parameters…
dialogue or click on the LOMI<X> and select the dialogue via the menu Unit
Configuration  Parameters….
Figure 7: Unit Configuration Parameters dialogue

(Part 1)

Configuration User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
Figure 8 Unit Configuration Parameters dialogue

(Part 2)
The following are settable parameters on an SbU (2 Mbit/s layer) level:

 Name (MDF name of up to 16 characters)
 State (enabled, disabled)
 P12-modes
(terminated, monitored, transparent, Clock Master mode)
 CAS (on, off)
 CRC 4(enable, disable)
 Sa-mode defines use of spare bits in TS0 for
 special applications (SSI, ECC, SSM G.703, V5.x appl, Fixed)
 PRA modes (NT1-T(PRA), NT1-U(PRA), LT-V3, LT-U)
(NT1-T (PRA) and NT1-U (PRA) have the same function as NT1-T
and NT1-U respectively)
 LL modes (NT1-T (LL), NT1-U (LL))
 Sa bits defines values of
 TS0 spare bits (1,0)
 TS16 spare bits (1,0)
 Routing table (Can be used, Do not use)
 TTI Supervision (enabled, disabled)
 Transmitted TTI and expected TTI (each up to 15 characters)
 AIS Insertion
 Enable/disable
 Definition of the TS for the monitoring of the TDF (Traffic Signal
Fail) flag (0 … 31).
 Bidirectional Switching
 Enable/disable
Please note that the fields for some of the parameters are context sensitive.
The steering parameters for the context are

 P12-mode
 Sa-mode
For details of the interdependencies, refer to the chapter “E12 and E12/P12
Traffic Signal Layer” in FOX Network Functions.
Entering SbU name
Enter (up to 16 characters) the name of the SbU. For tracing the signal to its
physical connecting point, the SbU name should be the same as its label on
the Main Distribution Frame.
Enabling SbU state
The state of the SbU can be enabled or disabled.

To avoid SbUs with no signals connected to them from alarming (Loss of
Signal), they should be disabled.
Setting P12-mode
The selected SbU can be configured for the following types of 2 Mbit/s sig-
nals for the required application:
 Transparent
Used for transparent 2 Mbit/s DXC of unframed as well as framed 2
Mbit/s signals.
DXC is only possible on a 2 Mbit/s level. No DXC is possible on a TS
level.
 Monitored
Used for transparent DXC of framed 2 Mbit/s signals.
TS0 of the 2 Mbit/s frame and TS16 of the first frame of the G.704
multi-frame are monitored only and remain transparent.
DXC is only possible on a 2 Mbit/s level. No DXC is possible on a TS
level.
 Terminated
Used for accessing TSs on 2 Mbit/s signals.
TS0 is terminated and monitored, and no longer transparent. TS0
spare bits are free to be used as specified below under "setting Sa-
mode", and "setting Sa bits".
TS 1-31 can be accessed for DXC or drop and insert applications.
 Clock Master
Used for the provisioning of the NE timing as a timing reference via a
2 Mbit/s signal.
The mode is fully transparent for structured and unstructured traffic
signals and preserves all signal data. However the traffic signal leav-
ing the NE is re-timed to the clock of the NE.
Independently of the structure of the traffic signal, the Clock Master
signal must be cross connected in the FOX515 as a 2 Mbit/s traffic
signal.

For information on the application and implementation of the Clock

Master mode, refer to the chapter “E12 and E12/P12 Traffic Signal
Layer” in FOX Network Functions.
Setting CAS operation
The 2 Mbit/s signal can be configured for a multi-frame structure and TS16
used for the CAS signalling of the 30 PCM channels carried by the 2 Mbit/s
signal.
Both the local and the remote end must be configured the same.
Setting CRC4 operation
The 2 Mbit/s signal can be configured for a multi-frame structure containing

CRC4 framing.
Both the local and the remote end must be configured the same.
Setting Sa-mode
For 2 Mbit/s signals configured for Terminated Mode, TS0 can be specified
to be used in one of the following ways:
 SSI
Used for Interworking with UBUS units (i.e. MEGIF) .
TS0 bit 5 is used to indicate if the incoming 2 Mbit/s signal can be con-
sidered as a valid system synchronisation source.
The other 4 spare bits are available to be set by the user via the <Sa
bits> dialogue described below under "Setting Sa bits".
 ECC
Used for carrying ECC, TTI and SSM.
TS0 bits 5-8 are used as a 16 kbit/s in band channel for managing the
FOX network.
TS0 bit 4 is used for TTI and SSM described below.
 SSM G.704
Used for carrying SSM.
Select one of the 5 TS0 spare bits to be used for the SSM signalling. The
signal quality information (QL 1-15) is used in determining timing switch-
over for the FOX network.
You can set the other 4 spare bits via the <Sa bits> dialogue described
below under "Setting Sa bits".
The QL value of a 2 Mbit/s signal is NOT an indication of the signal qual-
ity but only a way to prioritise the signal for use as a synchronisation
source to 15 priority levels.
There are 2 ways that you can set the QL for an outgoing 2 Mbit/s traffic
signal and one automatic mechanism that sets the QL:
 via the Timing Sources dialogue described in FOX User Guide. Set-
tings can be QL = 1-15. This option is used for 2 Mbit/s traffic signals

leaving the master FOX where the clock for the FOX network origi-
nates from.
 via the Routing Table dialogue described below. Setting can be "Can
be used" and "Do not use" (i.e. QL = 15).
 automatically by the FOX whenever it switches over to its internal
clock source. Settings can be defined as QL = 12-14.
For details on QL refer to FOX User Guide.
 V5.x appl
Used for the termination of V5.x links and particularly the link for the iden-
tification procedure of V5.2.
All 5 bits in TS0 are used by the V5 application.
 Fixed
You can set all 5 bits in the TS0, as described below.
 PRA related Sa-modes:
 NT1-T (PRA), NT1-U (PRA) (terminated P12-mode only)
 LT-V3, LT-U (monitored P12-mode only)
The PRA application affects all 5 Sa bits in the TS0.
 NT1 Leased Lines related Sa-modes:
 NT1-T (LL), NT1-U (LL) (terminated P12-mode only)
The NT1 Leased Lines application affects all 5 Sa bits in the TS0.
For information on the application and implementation of the PRA and NT1
Leased Line function, refer to the chapter “E12 and E12/P12 Traffic Signal
Layer” in FOX Network Functions.
Both the local and the remote SbU must be configured the same.

Setting Sa bits
Some of the LOMI<X> operation modes (ITU-T G.704 structured signals

only) allow you to configure Sa-bits in the TS0.
Press [ ... ] under “Sa bits” for the appropriate SbU on the Unit Configura-
tion Parameters dialogue
Figure 9: Sa bits dialogue
You can set the unused (free) Sa bits in TS0 depending on the mode of op-
eration (monitored or terminated).
You can set the 3 free bits of TS16 for Terminated 2 Mbit/s signals with CAS
as required.
The NT1-U (PRA, LL) and the NT1-T (LL) modes (but not the NT1-T (PRA)
mode) allow the selection of the Spare bits dialogue. The dialogue provides
functions as follows:
 NT1-U (PRA) and NT1-U (LL) mode
For SbUs operated in the NT1-U mode you can define the Sa4, Sa7 and
Sa8 bit (direction NT2  ET).
 NT1-T (LL) mode
For SbUs operated in the NT1-T (LL) mode you can define whether the
NT1-T (LL) inserts AIS when the NT1-U receives Sa6 = 1100:
Figure 10: Leased Line Protocol dialogue

Additionally, the dialogue allows you to

 enable
 disable
the LL loop control via the Sa6-bit. When disabled it the NT1-T (LL) ignores
the commands for the LL loop in the Sa6-bit.
Setting routing table
Press [ ... ] under “Routing table” for the appropriate SbU in the Unit Con-
figuration Parameters dialogue.
Figure 11: Output synchronisation dialogue
Only the SSI, SSM and ECC Sa-modes provide routing tables.
The other Sa-modes do not provide routing tables.
For a FOX network to be able to operate error free, it must operate with a
pre-defined synchronisation plan that ensures that all the FOXs in the net-
work operate with the same clock (synchronously). This clock can be trans-
mitted to other FOXs in the network using 2 Mbit/s signals.
To prevent the entire network from losing synchronisation if one link in the
network fails, each FOX can be programmed with up to 7 back-up timing
sources that are switched to automatically in a pre-programmed order of pri-
ority.
To prevent timing conflicts such as timing loops and timing islands (isolated
FOXs) in the FOX network when one of the FOXs switches to a back-up tim-
ing source, each 2 Mbit/s output signal containing the timing to be transmit-
ted onwards can be tagged as “Do not use” depending on its own timing
source.
2 Mbit/s signals tagged “Do not use” as a timing source force the receiving
FOX using this signal as a timing source to switch over to another timing
source to prevent possible timing conflicts.
Example:
The above dialogue shows that the 2 Mbit/s output signal of the LOMIF
SbU2 is tagged as “Do not use” whenever the NE (with this LOMIF) is
synchronised to the timing source “ESI-2” or "LOMIF <1> 2 Mbit/s - 7".

The output signal is tagged "Can be used" for all the other timing
sources.
For more details, refer to the chapter “E12 and E12/P12 Traffic Signal Layer”
in FOX Network Functions.
This forces neighbouring NEs receiving this signal (if it is using this signal as
its timing source) to switch to a different timing source provided its Sa-mode
of operation is appropriately configured for proper interworking.
Setting transmitted and expected TTI
For SbUs configured for Sa-mode "ECC", TS0 bit 4 is used to carry a 15
character long trail trace identifier (TTI). At the far end, the received 2 Mbit/s
signal is monitored and the transmitted TTI is compared to an expected TTI
value for that signal.
If the transmitted TTI and the expected TTI are not the same, the non urgent
"Trace identifier mismatch" alarm is raised indicating that there is an uninten-
tional cross over of the 2 Mbit/s somewhere in the network.
Please note that:
 According to specification and standards the definition of the
TTI requires the specification of 15 characters for a valuable
TTI.
 You can fill up with "_" or " " (space) as filler characters. How-
ever it is not recommended that you use spaces due to poten-
tially faulty comparisons between received and expected TTI.
Setting AIS insertion
The AIS Insertion function is only available for SbUs that are configured for
the Terminated P12 mode.
If AIS insertion is enabled you can define which time slot in the P12 signal of
the SbU is monitored for the TSF (Traffic Signal Fail) flag. This flag is avail-
able for any timeslot of the P0_nc entity which is connected via the PBUS to
the source SbU (e.g. some other LOMI<X>).
The UCST allows you to define any TS (0 … 31) for the monitoring of the
TSF flag.
Please note that you can use the
 TS0 for TSF monitoring only if you connect 2 SbUs using the
Sa-mode ECC (allows the cross connection of the TS0). For all
the other Sa-modes TS0 is not available on the PBUS.
 TS16 for TSF monitoring only if you connect 2 SbUs which do
not use CAS (allows the cross connection of the TS 16). If CAS
is enabled, TS16 is not available for TSF monitoring.
For details of the AIS Insertion function, refer to the chapter “E12 and
E12/P12 Traffic Signal Layer” in FOX Network Functions.

Setting bidirectional switching
The Bidirectional Switching function is only available for SbUs that are
configured for the Terminated P12 mode.
Bidirectional switching in a 1+1 protection switching configuration means that
a unidirectional failure results in a protection switching action at both ends of
the failed path. Protection switching must therefore be activated in the net-
work element either by locally detected signal failures or by a received re-
mote defect indication.
All locally detected signal failures activating a protection switching action
must also generate a remote defect indication to the far end. Failures not ac-
tivating a protection switching action must not generate a remote defect indi-
cation.
This strict behaviour of the failure handling procedures of LOMI<X> is
achieved by enabling the “bidirectional switching”.
Please note that the switching criteria with “bidirectional switching”
are different from the normal SNC protection switching criteria.
Please refer to section “Protection switching with the LOMI<X>” for
further information.
Setting alarm parameters
Procedures for setting the alarm parameters (blocking, severity, persistence,

etc.) are described in FOX User Guide.

Summary of default UCST parameters
Unit parameters
Default parameters 2 Mbit/s layer:

- SbU Name : 2 Mbit/s-<n>,
(<n> = 1 … 8)
- Name : none
- State : disabled
- P12-mode : terminated
- CAS : on
- CRC4 : enabled
- Sa mode (TS0 use of Sa-bits) : SSI
- TS0 spare bits (Sa4, Sa6, Sa7, Sa8) : 1
- TS16 spare bits in (x) : 1
- Synchronisation
- Synchronisation information in output signal
- Indication : can be used
- TTI parameters (for ECC mode only)
- TTI supervision : disabled
- Transmitted TTI : TX_UNALLOCATED_
- Expected TTI : RX_UNALLOCATED_
- AIS Insertion (for terminated P12 signals only)
- AIS insertion : disabled
- Signal Fail : T1
- Bidirectional Switching : disabled
Unit alarms
Settable parameters per alarm and subunit:

- Report option : monitored (MON)
- Severity : urgent or non urgent
- Time filters
- Persist Time : 2.5 s
- Absent Time : 10.0 s

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Operation
6 Operation
Status/maintenance
The Status/Maintenance menu provides a dialogue that allows you to

 Display status information on the SbUs
 To Apply loops in the signal path
Select (mark) the unit to be displayed.
Select Unit Configuration...-> Status/Maintenance to open the
Status/Maintenance dialogue
Press [Get] to load the dialogue with the cur-
rent status information.
Figure 12: Status/Maintenance dialogue
Please note that:

 All the dialogues are shown for the LOMIF unit. The same dia-
logues apply for the SbU-1 … SbU-4 of the LOMI4 unit.
 The CRC-4 MFA column is not available for the LOMIF 101 and
120.

Operation User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
Displaying status
Refreshing the status information
Press [Get] to update the dialogue with the

current status information.
State
Active SbUs have the Enabled boxes tagged. Inactive SbUs have empty
boxes.
CRC-4 MFA
The LOMIF and LOMI4 units provide a Status/Maintenance function for the
CRC-4 MFA. It allows you to monitor the CRC-4 MFA for all the interfaces
with CRC-4 and if required trigger a new MFA manually.
Figure 13: 2 Mbit/s CRC-4 MFA Status/Maintenance function
The CRC-4 MFA combo boxes in the Status/Maintenance dialogue provide

per subunit:
 Status information (refer to figure above):
 "Status not available"
The UCST displays this message if the upload of status information
from the NE has not yet happened (missing [GET]) or the UCST has
no connection to the NE.
 "OK"
The UCST displays "OK" if the subunit operates with CRC-4 MFA.
 "NCI" (No CRC-4 Interworking)
The UCST displays "NCI" if the subunit has no CRC-4 MFA. This cre-
ates the alarm "Non CRC-4 interworking".
This information does not necessarily mean that the subunit has a
failure. Depending on the configuration of the interface the NCI state
is normal (e.g. for monitored traffic signals).

 Trigger a new attempt for CRC-4 MFA (refer to figure above):

To trigger the CRC-4 MFA open the subunit's combo box via the down
arrow to the right of the box.
The combo box now displays the command "Force new search".
Select "Force new search". The UCST reports the subsequent action via
the messages:
 "Force new search (Done)"
The UCST displays this message if the NE successfully started the
new attempt for CRC-4 MFA on the interface.
To check the result of the new attempt for CRC-4 MFA, you must
press [Get]. This updates the dialogue with the current status informa-
tion.
 "Force new search (Failed)"
The UCST displays this message if it was not possible to pass the
command to the NE (e.g. no connection to the NE).
Check the connection of your EM to the NE and verify the configura-
tion/installation.
Please remember that:
 CRC-4 and the corresponding CRC-4 MFA status functions re-
quire framed signals. The UCST shows no CRC-4 MFA combo
box for subunits in the transparent or clock master mode.
 For framed signals that are terminated or monitored, the UCST
shows no CRC-4 MFA combo box for the subunits with disabled
CRC-4 function.
 The CRC-4 MFA state of the subunits in the monitored mode is
always NCI.
Received TTI and TTI state
This field is only provided for SbUs with

 P12-mode set to Terminated or Monitored
 TTI enabled
The expression in this field corresponds to the TTI in the signal received.
The TTI State indicates whether the TTI in the received traffic signal corre-
sponds to the expected TTI. In the example above the
 SbU 1 receives the expected TTI in the traffic signal.
The TTI State is OK.
 SbU 2 receives the default value of the TTI sent in the Tx direction.
The TTI State is Mismatch.
Please remember that:
 According to specification and standards the definition of the
TTI requires the specification of 15 characters for a valuable
TTI.
 You can fill up with "_" or " " (space) as filler characters. How-
ever it is not recommended that you use spaces due to poten-
tially faulty comparisons between received and expected TTI.

Displaying Sa bits
The received Sa bits can be displayed for a selected SbU.

Press [ … ] under “Sa bits” for the selected SbU on Status/Maintenance
dialogue.
Figure 14: 2 Mbit/s-<n>: Received TS Spare Bits dialogue
PRA link
This field is only provided for SbUs with the Sa-mode set for
 NT1-T (PRA)
 NT1-T (LL)
 NT1-U (PRA)
 NT1-U (LL)
 LT-V3
 LT-U
The SbUs with correctly configured NT1 or LT functionalities have their Es-
tablished boxes tagged.
To get the NT and LT functionalities Established you have to cross connect
in your NE
 an NT1-T subunit with an NT1-U subunit
 an LT-V3 subunit with an LT-U subunit
Established indicates that matching types of NT/LT functionalities
are connected together (e.g. an NT1-T to an NT1-U subunit).
However, Established is not able to detect whether the right part-
ners are cross connected in the signal path!

Setting loops
Summary of loops and signal provisioning
The figure below provides an overview of the loops provided with the
LOMI<X>.
PBUS Cross Connect
AIS
64 kbit/s TS Loop
(Front End Loop)
2 Mbit/s Loop
(Back End Loop)
AIS
AIS
2 Mbit/s Loop
LOMI<X> (Front End Loop)
Output Input
2 Mbit/s
Traffic Signal
Figure 15: Summary of LOMI<X> loops
The following loops can be individually set for each of the 8 SbUs:
 TS Loops (front end) (for framed signals only)
Loops individual TSs of the received 2 Mbit/s signal back to the local
CPE (Customer Premises Equipment). The loop is made in the DXC
block. AIS is sent onward on the TS on the 2 Mbit/s to the remote side
and on the relevant signalling bits abcd of the TS16.
 Back End Loop
Loops the outgoing 2 Mbit/s signal (all TSs) back to the remote FOX.
AIS is transmitted to the 2 Mbit/s output.
 Front End Loop
Loops the received 2 Mbit/s signal (all TSs) back to the local CPE
(Customer Premises Equipment). AIS is transmitted to the remote
CPE. For 2 Mbit/s signals in the terminated mode, AIS is sent on all
data TSs.
Please note that:
 Loops are not part of the NE configuration. Due to this the con-
figuration of loops does not require configuration download. In-
stead the loops are set or removed immediately after the com-

mand [SET] (if the management communication to the corre-

sponding NE is available).
 It is not possible to simultaneously apply Front and Back End
Loops.
Starting loop diagnostics
To access the loop functions select the line, which corresponds to the sub-
unit and
press […] in the column Loops of the
Status/Maintenance dialogue in
the line of the selected SbU.
Figure 16: 2 Mbit/s-<n>: Loops dialogue
The dialogue provides

 Block diagram of the signal paths with the loops displayed as switches
between the two signal directions.
The switch boxes show open loops and are shaded yellow. This colour
indicates that the status of the loops is not yet initialised! To initialise the
boxes you have two options:
 Load the current loop status via the GET command.
 Configure loops for diagnostics and apply the loops via the SET
command.
 Configuration field for 64 kbit/s front end loops.
The field allows you to enable or disable loops for individual timeslots:
The corresponding switch box indicates that there are TS loops or that
there is no TS loop.

Reading the current loop status
To update the loop block diagram in the Loops dialogue with the current
state of the loops
press [Get]
Figure 17: 2 Mbit/s-1: Loops dialogue
The loop switch boxes show the state of the loop as follows:
 Active loops: Box shaded red with switch closed
 Open loops: Box shaded green with switch open
 Loops not available: Box shaded grey
 Loop state not initialised: All boxes are shaded yellow with
switches open.
Loops for 2 Mbit/s signals
From the Status/Maintenance dialogue

Press […] in the column Loops of the
[Get] to update the loop block diagram
with the current state of the loops.

Select open [Switch box] in the loop block diagram, which

corresponds to the type of 2 Mbit/s
loop you want to apply.
An open switch box is shaded
green. For a 2 Mbit/s loop, the
timeslot window remains shaded
grey.
Figure 19 2 Mbit/s-1: Loops dialogue
Press [Set] to apply the 2 Mbit/s loop(s).

TS loops for 64 kbit/s signals
For SbUs configured for the “Terminated” mode of operation, selected TSs
of the 2 Mbit/s signal can be looped back (as front end loop). When CAS is
enabled, the signalling is also looped back. For TS loops with PRA modes,
refer to the next chapter.
From the Status/Maintenance dialogue
Press […] in the column Loops of the
[Get] to update the loop block diagram
with the current state of loops.
Clear all 2 Mbit/s loops if there are
any.
It is not possible to apply TS loops if a 2 Mbit/s loop is active.
Select Timeslots in the window Disabled Loops for

which you want to apply TS loops.
You can select a range of time-
slots, by dragging with the mouse.
press [Enable >] to add the selected timeslots to the
window Enabled Loops.
Repeat this sequence (select TS,
Enable) as many times as re-
quired.

Press [Set] to apply the TS loop(s).

At any time it is possible to remove the loop for individual timeslots:
Select Timeslots in the window Enabled Loops for
which you want to remove the TS
loops.
You can select a range of time-
slots, by dragging with the mouse.
press [< Disable] to re-assign the selected timeslots
back to the window Disabled
Loops.
Loops for SbUs with PRA and NT1 Leased Line modes
1.1.1.1.1 Loops controlled via the EMS

On the maintenance level of the FOX (QAN) the SbUs of the LOMI<X> oper-
ating in a PRA or NT1 Leased Lines mode provide loops as follows
 2 Mbit/s signal level:
Same type of loops as the other modes (refer to the previous paragraph):
 2 Mbit/s front end loop
 2 Mbit/s back end loop
 64 kbit/s signal level:
Front end loop for selected TSs of the 2 Mbit/s signal.
This type of loop is only available for SbUs with the modes
 NT1-T (PRA)/(LL)
 NT1-U (PRA)/(LL)
These loops are identical to the TS loops as described in the previous
paragraph.

The TS loop is not available for the LT modes since the P12 signals are
not terminated.
1.1.1.1.2 Loops controlled via the Sa6-bit

The PRA and Leased Lines functionalities provide additional 2 Mbit/s loops
for some of the functional groups. The loops are controlled via the Sa6-bit
(QLE or the corresponding interface for the Leased Lines):
 LT-U: PRA Loop (Loop 1)
This loop (PRA Loop) is controlled via the Sa6-bit from the ET (QLE). The
LOMI<X> allows status monitoring of the loop.
 NT1-T (PRA): PRA Loop (Loop 2)
This loop (PRA Loop) is controlled via the Sa6-bit from the ET (QLE). The
LOMI<X> allows status monitoring of the loop.
 NT1-T (LL): LL Loop (Loop)
This loop (LL Loop) is controlled via the Sa6-bit. The LOMI<X> allows
status monitoring of the loop.
Although it is not possible to control the PRA and LL loops with the UCST,
you can monitor the state of the loops.
1.1.1.1.3 Loop control

The loops are controlled and monitored as previously described.
The dialogues below show samples of the corresponding maintenance dia-
logues for the PRA Loop (NT1-T (PRA)) and the LL Loop (NT1-T (LL)).
Figure 22: 2 Mbit/s-6: PRA Loop sample dialogue (NT1-T (PRA))

Figure 23: 2 Mbit/s-7: LL Loop sample dialogue (NT1-T (LL))
Please note that it is not possible to

 apply TS loops if a 2 Mbit/s loop is active.
 control the PRA and LL Loops (shaded grey in the figures
above) via the EM:
Loop 1: PRA loop implemented with the LT-U.
Loop 2: PRA loop implemented with the NT1-T (PRA).
Loop: LL loop implemented with the NT1-T (LL).
If a PRA or LL Loops becomes active, the NE issues the Maintenance

Function Active alarm on the system level.
Loops for SbUs with Clock Master mode of operation
This mode provides the front and the back end loops on the 2 Mbit/s signal
level. For details on the loops, refer to the corresponding paragraphs above.
To de-activate loops
Select active [Switch box] of the loop(s) to deactivate.

The switchbox of an active loop is
shaded red and shows a closed
switch.
Press [Set] to send the loop de-activate com-
mand to the NE.
Loop indication
The fault management of the FOX gives the alarm “maintenance function ac-
tive” for subunits with active loops and indicates the condition via the lower
front panel LED (traffic LED).

Loops are not treated as a configuration parameter, and are not

stored in the configuration. Loops are permanent until de-activated.
A power reset de-activates all loops.
Performance monitoring
Definition of terms and overviews
For the definition of terms and a detailed description of the generic aspects
of the FOX performance monitoring, refer to 902.
The LOMI<X> supports Performance Monitoring (PM) depending on the
P12-mode as follows:
Table 1: LOMI<X> performance monitoring
Traffic P12-mode Filtered mode Unfiltered mode

Layer
Parameter Near Far Parameter Near Far
P12 Terminated EB, BBE, ES, SES, UT yes yes SLIP+, SLIP- yes -
Monitored EB, BBE, ES, SES, UT yes yes SLIP+, SLIP- yes -
Transparent SES, UT yes - - - -
Clock Master EB, BBE, ES, SES, UT yes - - - -
SLIP: Slip count (+ = positive, - = negative).
The description below outlines the unit specific aspects of PM.

Please note that Performance Monitoring is always running.
The PM dialogue
Select the menu Unit Configuration  Performance Monitoring to call

the Performance Monitoring dialogue.
For a detailed description of the Performance Monitoring dialogue, refer to
902.
Filtered PM
1.1.1.1.4 E12/P12 layer (2Mbit/s-<n>)

Filtered PM for E12/P12 traffic is available for the LOMI<X> (2Mbit/s-<n>)
subunit for the Near End and Far End (Terminated and Monitored P12-
modes only).
The dialogue below shows a sample of Near End PM for the LOMI<X>
2Mbit/s-1 subunit of the E12/P12 layer.

Figure 24: Performance Monitoring Filtered sample dialogue
The mode with Filtered PM Parameters allows performance monitoring for

traffic signals according to ITU-T G.826.
For details on parameters and filtered performance monitoring, re-
fer to the chapter "Performance Monitoring" in FOX Network Func-
tions.
Unfiltered PM parameters
1.1.1.1.5 E12/P12 layer (2Mbit/s-<n>)

Unfiltered PM is available for the LOMI<X> (2Mbit/s-<n>) subunit for the
Near End (Terminated and Monitored P12-modes only) and provides infor-
mation on frame slips:
 SLIP:
Each subunit provides a counter for positive and negative frame slips.
Frame slips occur when the subunits have to eliminate/add a multi-frame
from/to the ITU-T G.704 framed 2 Mbit/s traffic signal. Frame slips hap-
pen if the local NE timing and the timing provided via the traffic signal are
not synchronised:
 SLIP+ (positive slip):
The counter for positive frame slips (SLIP+) is incremented when the
clock of the NE runs faster than the clock provided via the ITU-T
G.704 framed 2 Mbit/s traffic signal.
 SLIP- (negative slip):
The counter for negative frame slips (SLIP-) is incremented when the
clock of the NE runs slower than the clock provided via the ITU-T
G.704 framed 2 Mbit/s traffic signal.
The dialogue below
low shows a sample of Near End PM for the LOMI<X>
2Mbit/s-1 subunit of the E12/P12 layer.

Figure 25: Performance Monitoring Unfiltered sample dialogue
For general aspects of unfiltered performance monitoring, refer to

the chapter "Performance Monitoring" in 902.
Protection switching with the LOMI<X>
Principles
When protection switching is configured, on the transmit side the Tx signal is

broadcast to the transmission network from the local FOX to the remote FOX
using 2 different paths, the normal path and the stand-by path.
On the received side, both Rx signals from the normal and stand-by paths
are monitored. Depending on the switching criteria (alarm on the signal), the
signal is read from either the normal path or the stand-by path.
The figure below shows the protection switching with the LOMI<X> in the NE
where the path of the traffic signal is terminated.

PBUS Cross Connect

Rx<n>
LOMI<X> Normal
SbU<n> Path
Tx<n>
Transmission
Network
Rx<s>
LOMI<X> Stand-by
SbU<s> Path
Tx<s>
Switching
criteria
LOMI<X>
SbU<t>
Tx<t> Rx<t>
Figure 26: Protection switching with the LOMI<X>
Legend:
<n> Normal traffic signal path
<s> Stand-by traffic signal path
<t> Termination of the traffic signal path
It can be seen that the protection switching is closely related to the PBUS.
For this reason other PBUS units with the 2 Mbit/s traffic signal layer support
protection switching the same way (e.g. the PCONV, the SYNAC etc.).
For definition of the terminology and details of traffic signal protection with
the FOX, refer to FOX Network Functions.
Switching criteria The LOMI<X> supports various 1+1 protection switching network configura-
tions on both the n x 64 kbit/s TS level (n = 1-30) and 2 Mbit/s transparent
signal level.
 2 Mbit/s 1+1 Section/Path Protection

 P12s SNCP/N
 P12x SNCP/I
 n x 64 kbit/s 1+1 Path Protection for n x 64 kbit/s TS (n = 1 … 31)
for all units
 P0-nc SNCP/I
Depending on the P12-mode the following criteria trigger the protection
switch for the traffic signals:
Table 2: Switching Criteria for protected P12 modes

P12 mode Terminated Monitored Transparent
Protection type P0-nc P12s P12x
Failure Type SNCP/I SNCP/N SNCP/I
Unit Not Available SF X X X
Loss of Signal SF X X X
Loss of Frame SF X X -
BER > 1E-3 SF X X X
AIS Received SF X X X
Loss of CRC4 MF 1) SF X X -
Remote Loss of CRC4 MF - - - -
Trace Identifier Mismatch 1) SF X X -
1)
Loss of CAS MF SF X X -
Remote Loss of CAS MF 1) SF X - -
Remote Defect Indication - - - -
BER > 1E-5 SD X X X
Degraded Signal SD X X -
1)
Depending on the settings for CRC4, CAS and TTI supervision.
SF Signal Failed
SD Signal Degraded
With bidirectional switching enabled (P12 terminated mode only), the follow-
ing criteria trigger the protection switch for the traffic signals:
Table 3: Switching Criteria for P12s in bidirectional switching mode
P12 mode Terminated Remote indications

to the far end
Protection type P0-nc
Failure Type SNCP/I
Unit Not Available SF X -
Loss of Signal SF X Remote Defect Indication

Remote Non CRC4 Interworking 1)
Remote Loss of CAS MF1)
Loss of Frame SF X Remote Defect Indication

Remote Non CRC4 Interworking 1)
BER > 1E-3 SF X Remote Defect Indication


P12 mode Terminated Remote indications

to the far end
Protection type P0-nc
Failure Type SNCP/I
AIS Received SF X Remote Defect Indication

1)
Remote Loss of CAS MF
Loss of CRC4 MF 1) - - Remote Non CRC4 Interworking 1)
Remote Loss of CRC4 MF - - -
Trace Identifier Mismatch 1) SF X Remote Defect Indication
Loss of CAS MF 1) SF X Remote Loss of CAS MF1)
Remote Loss of CAS MF 1) SF X -
Remote Defect Indication SF X -
BER > 1E-5 - - -
Degraded Signal SD X Remote Defect Indication
1)
Depending on the settings for CRC4, CAS and TTI supervision.
For additional information on the FOX protection mechanism and the

E12/P12 traffic signal layer, refer to FOX Network Functions.
Switchback
The protection switching is revertive. When the fault that caused the switch-
over clears, the signal path switches back from the protecting path to the
working path.
Guidelines in configuring cross connections with protection
The menu NE Configuration  Cross Connections… and the corre-

sponding dialogues allow you to implement cross connections with protec-
tion.
For details of setting up cross connections with protection, refer to [UCST
System Operaion Basics user guide for the generic procedures and FOX
User Guide for system specific information.
Status of protection cross connections
The menu NE Configuration  Cross Connections… and the corre-

sponding status dialogues allow you to monitor the status of the protection
switching in the cross connection.
For details of setting up Cross Connections with Protection, refer to UCST
System Operaion Basics user guide for generic procedures and FOX User
Guide for system specific information.

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Failures, alarms and notifications
7 Failures, alarms and notifications
Failure indication
The FOX alarm system processes failures. The failures are locally indicated
via the front panel LEDs of the unit and the alarm LEDs of the COBU<X> (if
applicable).
The LOMI<X> front panel has two LEDs:
 The upper LED indicates a unit failure if the unit no longer responds nor-
mally or if the unit self-test terminated with errors.
 The lower LED indicates a traffic failure if the SbU reports a failure.
For the definition of terms (Defects, Fault Causes, Failures etc.) and details
of the FOX fault handling and alarm system, refer to the chapter "Diagnos-
tics, Fault and Alarm Handling" in FOX User Guide.
Fault cause tables
Board layer
The upper red fault indicator LED is lit in the case of a failure on the unit
level.
Table 4: Fault Causes and alarms of the Board Layer

Board Layer D.S. = Default Severity NA = Non-urgent alarm UA = urgent alarm
Fault Cause D.S. Description
Localisation Generic Alarm Text
Board Unit not available UA This alarm indicates the complete failure of the unit. Hard-
ware and/or software problems can create the complete unit
failure:
- No hardware available (empty slot)
- The unit does not respond (unit failed)
- Wrong hardware in the slot
(with respect to the NE configuration)
- Unit with no or incompatible ESW
To reset the alarm you must eliminate the failure. With the
exception of the ESW based failures, the elimination of the
failure requires manual intervention.

Failures, alarms and notifications User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
Board Layer D.S. = Default Severity NA = Non-urgent alarm UA = urgent alarm
PBUS clock DXC-1 Loss of signal UA Loss of PBUS clock detected via the PBUS access circuit 1 of
the LOMI<X> (ASIC 1).
The circuit monitors both clock buses fed by the control unit in
slot 11 and 12 respectively. The alarm becomes active only if
the clock signals of both buses fail.
PBUS clock DXC-2 Loss of signal UA Loss of PBUS clock detected via the PBUS access circuit 2 of
the LOMIF (ASIC 2).
The circuit monitors both clock buses fed by the control unit in
slot 11 and 12 respectively. The alarm becomes active only if
the clock signals of both buses fail.
PBUS data DXC-1 Loss of signal UA Loss of the data signal which is written by the PBUS highway
access circuit 1 of the LOMI<X> (ASIC 1) to its PBUS line.
PBUS data DXC-2 Loss of signal UA Loss of the data signal which is written by the PBUS highway
access circuit 2 of the LOMIF (ASIC 2) to its PBUS line.
Please note that:

 If the PBUS access circuit of the LOMI<X> loses the PBUS
clock it synchronises to the timing signal provided by the local
P.
 If the access circuit operates on the local clock the output traffic
signal is suppressed.
E12/P12 layer (SbU1-8)
The lower red fault indicator LED is lit in the case of a failure on the E12/P12
layer.
Table 5: Fault Causes and alarms of the E12/P12 Layer

E12/P12 Layer D.S. = Default Severity NA = Non-urgent alarm UA = urgent alarm
P12 Hardware failure UA SbU self test failed

P12 AIS Received NA AIS detected on incoming E12 signal
P12 BER > 10E-3 UA BER >10E-3 on incoming E12 signal calculated from bipolar
violations (code errors)
P12 BER > 10E-5 NA BER >10E-5 on incoming E12 signal calculated from bipolar
violations (code errors)
P12 Remote Loss of CAS MF NA Loss of multi-frame synchronisation on incoming E12 signal
at remote equipment
P12 Degraded signal NA BER >10E-3 on incoming E12 signal without CRC from TS0
errors
or BER>10E-5 on incoming E12 signal with CRC calculated
using CRC errors (block errors)

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Failures, alarms and notifications
E12/P12 Layer D.S. = Default Severity NA = Non-urgent alarm UA = urgent alarm
P12 Near End Degraded Per- NA For the LOMF 152 and the LOMI4 151 the ES and SES con-
formance ditions for degraded performance at the near end are:
ES >430 or SES >22 over a 24 hour interval.
The alarm status is reset after a 24 hour interval with ES = 0
and SES = 0.
P12 Near End Unacceptable NA ES>150 or SES>15 over a 15 min. interval at the near end.
Performance The alarm status is reset after a 15 min. interval with ES = 0
and SES = 0.
P12 Loss of Sa Word UA Loss of the framing of the Sa bits when configured for ECC
Mode. For example this alarm is activated when the local and
remote side configuration for Sa-mode are not the same.
P12 Loss of CAS MF NA Loss of multi-frame synchronisation on incoming E12 signal
P12 Loss of Frame UA Loss of frame synchronisation on incoming E12 signal
E12 Loss of signal UA Loss of incoming E12 signal
P12 Non CRC4 Interworking NA CRC monitoring function is disabled due to disabled CRC4 at
remote equipment.
P12 Remote Defect Indication NA Indicates one or more of the following alarms on the E12
signal received at the remote FOX:
Hardware fault, AIS received, BER >10E-3, Loss of frame,
Loss of signal.
P12 Remote Non CRC4 Inter- NA “Non CRC Interworking” alarm at remote equipment.
working
P12 Trace Identifier Mismatch NA Transmitted TTI from remote and expected TTI are not the
same.
P12 Maintenance Function NA This alarm appears if you manually activate a maintenance
Active function, e.g. if diagnostic loops are active.
Additionally, the NE issues this alarm, if a PRA or LL Loop
becomes active (controlled via the Sa6-bit). These loops are
only available with subunits operating in the NT1-T (PRA),
NT1-T (LL) and the LT-U mode.
P12 Far End Degraded Per- NA For the LOMF 152 and the LOMI4 151 the ES and SES con-
formance ditions for degraded performance at the far end are:
ES >430 or SES >22 over a 24 hour interval.
The alarm status is reset after a 24 hour interval with ES = 0
and SES = 0.
P12 Far End Unacceptable NA ES >150 or SES >15 over a 15 min. interval at the far end.
Performance The alarm status is reset after a 15 min. interval with ES = 0
and SES = 0.
Notifications
Board layer (SbU0)
The LOMI<X> issues the following NE logbook entries for the board layer:
Table 6: Notifications on the LOMI<X> Board Layer

Nr Notification Text Description

Failures, alarms and notifications User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
1 Application restarted due to DXC The LOMI<X> subunits are restarted due to degraded clock per-
ASIC formance during switchover between master and slave control
units.
The traffic signal of the affected subunits is interrupted for several
seconds.

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Maintenance
8 Maintenance
Under normal use, there are no components on the LOMI<X> unit that need
maintenance.
Figure 27: Unit LOMI<X> component side
X3001: Jumper to activate Copy PROM.
The following maintenance facilities are available for the LOMI<X> (opera-
tion via the UCST/FOXMAN-UN):
 Inventory data
 FW Download

Maintenance User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
Inventory data It is possible to read inventory data from the LOMI<X> via the
UCST/FOXMAN-UN.
For a description of the inventory function, refer to UCST System Operation

Basics user Guide.
Software download It is possible to remotely update the ESW (local FW) of the LOMI<X> via
software download. For the requirements and installation of the ESW on
your PC/computer, refer to UCST System Operation Basics user Guide. Re-
fer to FOX User Guide for the description of the software download.
Upgrades
You can upgrade your existing LOMI<X> to new functional unit(s) described
with your new UCST release if the new functional unit is compatible with
your hardware and you have the corresponding software licence.
The upgrade of systems with LOMI<X> or PCONV (operating its 2 Mbit/s in-
terfaces) units to the functional units provided with new UCST software re-
quires special attention:
Upgrading the ESW and the functional units can destroy the syn-
chronisation via 2 Mbit/s interfaces if the transmitting LOMI<X> or
PCONV interfaces operate in the SSI mode!
Before you start the update and to avoid the loss of the synchronisation via
LOMI<X> or PCONV interfaces operating in the SSI mode consider:
 If you do not upgrade the control unit ESW there is no risk of loss of syn-
chronisation by upgrading the LOMI<X>/PCONV ESW.
However, the LOMI<X>/PCONV ESW upgrade normally also includes the
upgrade of the control unit ESW. ABB Switzerland strongly recommends
upgrading the control unit with new ESW.
 If you upgrade the control unit ESW in networks using the Sa5-bit of traf-
fic signals in the LOMI<X>/PCONV interfaces for synchronisation control,
an uncontrolled upgrade could lead to the interruption of the synchronisa-
tion.
 To avoid interruptions of the synchronisation while upgrading the
LOMI<X>/PCONV and the control unit ESW proceed as follows:
 Connect your PC/computer running the new UCST to the NE that you
want to upgrade.
 Upload the NE configuration.
 Open the Menu NE Configuration  Timing Sources and select the
tab PETS.
 Press [Ok] to save the configuration and quit.
 Download the configuration to the NE via a partial or a full download.
 Now you can update the ESW and the functional units as described in
FOX User Guide.
For detailed information on the upgrade procedures for the FOX core (con-
trol units) and traffic units, refer to the paragraphs "Upgrade procedures" in
FOX User Guide.

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Summary of Standarts
9 Summary of Standarts
The LOMI<X> conforms to the following recommendations (conformance to
applicable parts of the standards):
Generic and architecture

 ETS/EN
 ETS 300 166 (08/93)
Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Physical and electrical character-
istics of hierarchical digital interfaces for equipment using the 2048
kbit/s - based plesiochronous or synchronous digital hierarchies
 ETS 300 167 (08/93)
Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Functional characteristics of
2048 kbit/s interfaces
 ETS 300 248 (10/93)
Business TeleCommunications (BTC); Open Network Provision (ONP)
technical requirements; 2048 kbit/s digital unstructured leased line
(D2048U); Terminal equipment interface
 EN 300 417-1-1 V1.1.2 (11/98)
Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Generic requirements of trans-
port functionality of equipment; Part 1-1: Generic processes and per-
formance
 EN 300 417-2-1 V1.1.2 (11/98)
port functionality of equipment; Part 2-1: Synchronous Digital Hierar-
chy (SDH) and Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) physical sec-
tion layer functions
 EN 300 417-5-1 V1.1.2 (11/98)
port functionality of equipment; Part 5-1: Plesiochronous Digital Hier-
archy (PDH) path layer functions
 ETS 300 461-1 (10/96)
Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Flexible Multiplexer (FM) equip-
ment; Part 1: Core functions, 2048 kbit/s aggregate interface func-
tions, tributary interface functions and special functions
 ETS 300 461-2 (10/96)
Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Flexible Multiplexer (FM) equip-
ment; Part 2: Management and control functions
 ITU
 ITU-T G.702 (1988)
General aspects of digital transmission systems - Terminal equip-
ments - Digital hierarchy bit rates

Summary of Standarts User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
 ITU-T G.703 (10/98)

Digital transmission systems – Terminal equipments – General Physi-
cal/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces
 ITU-T G.704 (10/98)
Digital transmission systems – Terminal equipments – General Syn-
chronous frame structures used at 1544, 6312, 2048, 8448 and 44
736 kbit/s hierarchical levels
 ITU-T G.706 (11/95)
ments - Frame alignment and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) proce-
dures relating to basic frame structures defined in recommendation
G.704
 ITU-T G.732 (1988)
ments - Characteristics of primary PCM multiplex equipment operating
at 2048 kbit/s
 ITU-T G.736 (03/93)
General aspects of digital transmission - Characteristics of a synchro-
nous digital multiplex equipment operating at 2048 kbit/s
 ITU-T G.775 (10/98)
Digital transmission systems - Terminal equipments - Operations, ad-
ministration and maintenance features of transmission equipment -
Loss of Signal (LOS), Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) and Remote De-
fect Indication (RDI) defect detection and clearance criteria for PDH
signals
 ITU-T G.962 (03/93)
Digital Sections and Digital Line Systems - Access Digital Section For
ISDN Primary Rate At 2048 kbit/s
Access digital section for ISDN primary rate

 ETS
 ETS 300 233 (05/94)
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Access digital section for
ISDN primary rate
Synchronisation and timing

 ETS/EN
 EN 300 417-6-1 V1.1.2 (11/98)
port functionality of equipment; Part 6-1: Synchronisation layer func-
tions
 ITU
 ITU-T G.823 (03/93)
The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are
based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy
EMC
Refer to FOX515 Technical Description

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Summary of Standarts
Emission
Immunity
Safety
Ambient conditions

Summary of Standarts User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)

User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8) Technical Specification
10 Technical Specification
Parameters controlled via UCST
Unit parameters
Parameters settable for each of the 8 subunits:
- Name (e.g. name of the MDF) : up to 16 characters
- State : enabled, disabled
- P12 mode : Transparent
Monitored
Terminated
Clock Master
- CAS : on, off
- CRC4 : enabled, disabled
- TS0 use of Sa- bits
- Generic modes : SSI
ECC
SSM
V5.x appl.
Fixed
- NT1 and LT modes
- Terminated P12 mode : NT1-T (PRA)
NT1-U (PRA)
NT1-T (LL)
NT1-U (LL)
- Monitored P12 mode : LT-V3
LT-U
- Spare bits
(Sa-bits available depend on use of Sa-bits)
- Sa-spare bits in TS0 : 1, 0
- Spare bits in TS16 : 1, 0
- Synchronisation
- Synchronisation information in output signal
- via routing table (for timing signal quality) :
- indication : “do not use”
“can be used”
- TTI parameters (for ECC mode only)
- TTI supervision : enabled, disabled
- Transmitted TTI : up to 15 characters
- Expected TTI : up to 15 characters
terminated P12 mode:
- AIS Insertion : enable
-.Signal Fail : TS0 … TS 31
- Bidirectional Switching : enable

Technical Specification User Guide LOMIF 152&LOMI4 151 (R8)
Unit alarms
Alarm layers : Board
2 Mbit/s
Settable parameters per alarm and subunit:
- Supervision status : monitored (MON)
not monitored (NMON)
- Severity : urgent, non urgent
logbook entry only
- Time filters
- Persist Time : trapped
0.1 … 30 s
- Absent Time : 0.2 … 30 s
Performance Monitoring
Layers with performance monitoring : 2 Mbit/s
Settable parameters for Performance
(availability of parameters depends on evaluation)
- Location : near end / far end
- Evaluation of performance parameters : filtered / unfiltered
- Time interval for evaluation : 15 min / 24 h
- Presentation of results : events / ratios
- Interval presentation : selectable
- 15 min intervals : current
all
recent
1 … 96
- 24 h intervals : current
1
Status/Maintenance function
Layers with maintenance/status functions : E12/P12
Maintenance functions (if applicable)
- E12/P12
- Generic : received TTI
TTI state
Sa bits
Loops
- Status indication : PRA link
- Status and control for : CRC-4 MFA

Modes and traffic signals
E12/P12 traffic layer
Number of subunits
- LOMIF : 8
- LOMI4 : 4
Handling of traffic signals on the E12/P12 layer
- Framed signals (G.704 type) : terminated
monitored
transparent
clock master
- Unstructured signals (unknown structure) : transparent
clock master
PRA
PRA function
- Type of access : PRA direct access
- Functional groups of the PRA : NT1
LT
- Implementation of the function blocks
(2 Mbit/s subunits)
- NT1 function (P12-mode terminated) : NT1-T (PRA)
NT1-U (PRA)
- LT function (P12-mode monitored) : LT-V3
LT-U
- Sa4, Sa7 and Sa8-bits
- between ET  NT2 : transparent up to
NT1-T (PRA)
- between NT2  ET : set to "1" ( NT2)
- M-channel, AUXP : not supported
NT1 Leased Lines

NT1 LL function
- Functional group of the NT1 Leased Lines : NT1 (LL)
- Implementation of the function blocks
(2 Mbit/s subunits)
- NT1 function (P12-mode terminated) : NT1-T (LL)
NT1-U (LL)
- Sa4, Sa7 and Sa8-bits
- between network  NT2 : transparent up to
NT1-T (LL)
set to "1" ( NT2)
- between NT2  network : settable in NT1-U (
network)
- A-bit handling and functions : according to NT1 LL

specification
- Loop handling and functions : according to NT1 LL
specification
Loop control via Sa6-bit for the NT1-T (LL) : enable/disable
- Reception of Sa6 = 1000 on NT1-T (LL) : selectable
- ignore
- send AIS
V5.x applications
Handling of V5.x links : Fixed Sa bits in the TS0

Modes of the 2 Mbit/s layer : terminated
(monitored)
Clock Master mode
Clock Master function (not for LOMIF 101, 120)

- Type of traffic signal : 2 Mbit/s any structure
- Influence on
- Traffic data : transparent
- Timing of the traffic signal : re-timed to NE clock
Performance monitoring
Filtered : ITU-T-G.826
Unfiltered : Slip counts
positive/negative
Maintenance functions
Status monitoring : TTI

Sa-bits
operational state
Loops
- via UCST
- 2 Mbit/s : front end
back end
- 64 kbit/s level (framed signals only) : front end
-via QLE or equivalent
- 2 Mbit/s : PRA loop
LL loop

Physical 2 Mbit/s signals
Number of physical interfaces

(according to ITU-T G.703)
- LOMIF : 8
- LOMI4 : 4
Bit rate : 2048 kbit/s +/-50 ppm
Code : HDB3
Impedance
(depending on wiring of cables to connector set) : 120  symmetric or
75  asymmetric
Input voltages
- 120  : 3 Vp
- 75  : 2.37 Vp
Input signal attenuation : 0...6 dB at 1024 kHz
Jitter
- any 2 Mbit/s mode : according to ITU-T G.823
- 2 Mbit/s terminated mode only : according to ETS 300
248
Maximum line lengths for
admissible signal attenuation of 6 dB at 1024 kHz
- 75  with coaxial cables : 390 m
- 120  with balanced HF cables : 180 m
Power consumption
Power supply range Vbat : not applicable
LOMIF
Current consumption (typical)
- +5 VCC power rail from POSUS : 460 mA
- -5 VCC power rail from POSUS : 68 mA
- -48 Vbat (direct from battery) : 0 mA
Typical total power requirements from battery
with
- -Nominal voltage Vbat = -48 V
- 71% efficiency of the POSUS
(0.460+0.068) A x 5.1 V / 0.71 : 3.8 W

LOMI4
Current consumption (typical)
- +5 VCC power rail from POSUS : 300 mA
- -5 VCC power rail from POSUS : 38 mA
- -48 Vbat (direct from battery) : 0 mA
Typical total power requirements from battery
with
- -Nominal voltage Vbat = -48 V
- 71% efficiency of the POSUS
(0.300+0.038) A x 5.1 V / 0.71 : 2.5 W
Mechanical Parameters
Construction
Construction practice : 19 inch
Dimensions
Height of unit (1 HU = 44.45 mm) : 6 HU
Width of unit (1 TE = 5.08 mm) : 4 TE (1 slot)
Size of the PCB : 233 mm x 220 mm
Weight
Unit hardware
- LOMIF : 350 g
- LOMI4 : 320 g
Reliability
MTTF at 35°C ambient temperature (unit)

- LOMIF with hardware up to R1A :  83 years
- LOMIF with hardware R1B and up :  104 years
- LOMI4 :  132 years

For more information please contact:
ABB Switzerland Ltd

Power Systems
Utility Communications
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden
Switzerland
Phone: +41 58 589 37 35
or: +41 844 845 845 (Call Center)
Fax: +41 58 585 16 82
E-Mail: utility.communication@ch.abb.com
www.abb.com/utilitycommunications

ABB LOMIF LOMI4 r8 RD 1KHW002024

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Release History: Release 7B: February 2007

Document number: 1KHW002024

© ABB Switzerland Ltd, 2010

1KHW002024 page 2 of 69 ABB

7 Failures, alarms and notifications 53

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Precautions and safety

ABB page 5 of 69 1KHW002024

ABB Technical Support is available as follows:

ABB Switzerland Ltd

Phone: +41 58 589 37 35

1KHW002024 page 6 of 69 ABB

 8 interfaces 2 Mbit/s (120 / 75 )

ABB page 7 of 69 1KHW002024

In this document, the generic names

For a technical description of the

 COBU<X> is used to name the

1KHW002024 page 8 of 69 ABB

Fault indicaton LEDs

Connector for traffic signals

Figure 1: LOMI<X> front panel

ABB page 9 of 69 1KHW002024

1KHW002024 page 10 of 69 ABB

Figure 2: Block diagram of the LOMI<X>

ABB page 11 of 69 1KHW002024

The 120  or 75  line termination is determined by the wiring of the cable

Peripheral unit communication

1KHW002024 page 12 of 69 ABB

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2 Mbit/s G.703 interfaces

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1KHW002024 page 16 of 69 ABB

The implementation of the

Please note that:

Connections and cables

Connector and signals

ABB page 17 of 69 1KHW002024

Figure 3: Front view of the front panel connector X1

Label Signal description

1KHW002024 page 18 of 69 ABB

ABB page 19 of 69 1KHW002024

Figure 4: Cable LOMIF/C1.1-2 for 120 Ohm signal termination

1KHW002024 page 20 of 69 ABB

Figure 5: Cable LOMIF/C1.1-1 for 75 Ohm signal termination

The 75 Ohm cable to the interface of each SbU is an open ended

ABB page 21 of 69 1KHW002024

The connection of coaxial cables requires an external 75  patch panel

1KHW002024 page 22 of 69 ABB

Fixing the cables to the cable tray

Figure 6: Side view of the FOX515 cable tray and cable

For additional information, refer to FOX User Guide.

ABB page 23 of 69 1KHW002024

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Setting the parameters

Figure 7: Unit Configuration Parameters dialogue

ABB page 25 of 69 1KHW002024

Figure 8 Unit Configuration Parameters dialogue

The following are settable parameters on an SbU (2 Mbit/s layer) level:

1KHW002024 page 26 of 69 ABB

Entering SbU name