Technical Liquid Penetrant Test Procedure

Information Vortex Flowmeter VY Series

TI 01F07A05-01EN

Contents
1. Purpose..........................................................................................................1
2. Target model..................................................................................................1
3. Scope..............................................................................................................1
4. Specifications................................................................................................1
5. Responsibility................................................................................................1
6. Personnel qualifications...............................................................................1
7. Equipment and material...............................................................................1
8. Procedure.......................................................................................................2
9. Documentation..............................................................................................3

Note: This document is applicable to the products manufactured in Yokogawa Electric China Co., Ltd.

Yokogawa Electric Corporation TI 01F07A05-01EN

2-9-32, Nakacho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8750 Japan 2nd Edition Aug. 2022(KP)
Tel.: 81-422-52-5885 Fax.: 81-422-52-2102
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1. Purpose
This document describes the liquid penetrant testing procedure for Vortex Flowmeter.

2. Target model
Vortex Flowmeter VY Series with optional code PT and PTD (Liquid Penetrant Test).

3. Scope
Liquid penetrant testing shall be executed for the detection of discontinuities that are open to the
surface such as cracks, seams, laps, lamination, lack of fusion and porosity.
It can be executed in the examination of welds for vortex flowmeter. The Evaluation standard is
ASME B31.1.

4. Specifications
The test is performed on welded parts of the plug, flange and body. (Flange is applicable only
when the flowmeter has flange welding. Body is applicable only for Dual sensor type (Type of
body code:-6).)

5. Responsibility
A quality assurance manager is responsible for approval, maintenance, and implementation of
the testing procedure in this document.

6. Personnel qualifications
Only certified and suitably qualified personnel shall perform the test and sign the report. They
shall be qualified by a public agency in the region of manufacturing factory, or qualified as a
“Level 2” or higher of the standard “JIS Z 2305 Non-destructive Test Engineer Qualification
Examination”.

7. Equipment and material

During observation and judgment, the illuminance of the test surface shall be 500 lx or more
under natural light or white light.
Cleaners, penetrants and developers shall be used in combinations recommended by their
manufacturer. And they must meet the requirements of ASME Section V, Article 6.

- Example of cleaners, penetrants and developers:

Cleaners (precleaner, remover for penetrant): ER-ST (Manufacturer: Marktec Corporation)
Penetrants (visible dye penetrant): EP-ST (Manufacturer: Marktec Corporation)
Developers: ED-ST (Manufacturer: Marktec Corporation)
- Other consumables: Lint free cloth

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8. Procedure
(1) Surface preparation - precleaning
Prior to each liquid penetrant examination, the surface to be examined and adjacent areas
shall be precleaned by precleaner to be free of all dirt, grease, lint, scale, welding flux,
welding spatter, paint, oil and other extraneous matter that could obscure surface openings
or otherwise interfere with the examination. After precleaning, the examination surface shall
be free of excess cleaning solution prior to application of the penetrant. The time required for
drying is based on the ambient temperature and manufacturer’s recommendations.
After the pre-treatment, allow the test surface to dry naturally (in principle more than 5
minutes).
A dryer may also be used to shorten the drying time.
(2) Penetrant application
Apply penetrant uniformly to the test surface. Care shall be taken to prevent pooling of
penetrant on the surface of the part.
The penetration dwell time is 5 to 10 minutes at examination temperature of 15 to 50°C (59
to 122°F). If the temperature is lower than 15°C (59°F), it shall be more than 10 minutes.
Avoid work at temperatures below 10°C (50°F).
Make sure that the penetrant does not dry during the dwell time.
(3) Removal of excess penetrant
Excess penetrant shall be removed under adequate light by wiping it with lint free cloth
dampened with solvent cleaner. Spray the solvent cleaner directly onto the surface of the
tested material to remove excess penetrant is prohibited.
After the removal of excess penetrant, the examination surface shall be free of excess
cleaning solution or water prior to application of the developer. The time required
for drying is based on the drying method, ambient temperature, and manufacturer’s
recommendations.
(4) Developer application
Development of penetrant indications is the process of bringing the penetrant out of
discontinuities through the reverse capillary action to the developer. Non-aqueous
developers form a white coating on the surface of the part when dried, which serves as a
contrasting background for penetrants.
Shake the can well before spraying and spray evenly thin coating on the tested material.
The distance between the spray can and the tested material shall be approximately 25 cm
(10 in.).
(5) Inspection, evaluation and interpretation
Inspection shall be conducted with a minimum light intensity of 500 lx.
Observe the examination area(s) while applying the developer as an aid in evaluating
indications. Final interpretation shall be done after the developing time has expired (10 to 30
minutes). The criteria for evaluation are ASME B31.1.
If relevant indications are detected, record the result in the “Liquid Penetrant Test
Certificate”, segregate the nonconforming product and notify immediately the relevant
manager. The relevant manager must then evaluate whether the test must be redone or not.
In redoing the test, the whole test must be repeated as per this procedure with more
attention on the precleaning step to ensure that all penetrants from the previous test are
completely removed. If the relevant indications are still detected, quarantine the product as
Nonconforming Product.
(6) Post cleaning
Post cleaning shall be carried out using pre-cleaner.

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9. Documentation
(1) Test report sample form

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(2) NDT certification sample
NDT certification is available upon request as a custom order.

TI 01F07A05-01EN Aug. 31, 2022-00