EXPERIMENT -11- A

A. TO STUDY MENDELIAN INHERITANCE USING SEEDS OF DIFFERENT COLOUR /SIZE OF ANY PLANT

AIM:

To study Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colour/size of any plant.

REQUIREMENTS:

Pea seed examples, enamel tray, petri dishes ,notebook, pencil/pen.

PROCEDURE

1. Take a lot of about 100 pea sedds in an enamel tray.

2. Separate out round and wrinkled seeds and put them in separate petridishes.
3. Note down the number of round and wrinkled seeds and calculate their approximate ratio.
4. Repeat the process for the other contrasting trait of the seed. i.e. yellow and green colour.

OBSERVATION

Data related to two findings is given in the table, record your findings in the same way.

s.no CHARACTERS/TRAITS TOTAL NO OF NO OF SEEDS SHOWING APPROXIMATE

OF SEED SEEDS OBSERVED CONTRASTING FORM OF THE TRAIT RATIO
1 SEED SHAPE (ROUND 106 80(ROUND) : 26 (WRINKLED) 3.07 : 1
AND WRINKLED)
2 SEED COLOUR 110 83(YELLOW) : 27(GREEN) 3.07 : 1
(YELLOW/GREEN)

CONCLUSION :

The contrasting forms in both the traits of pea seed (i.e., seed shape and seed colour) show an approximate ratio
of 3:1 . This ratio is exactly the same as obtained by Mendel for Monohybrid crosses and indicate that the
dominant and recessive forms of seed shape and seed colour exist in the ratio of 3:1 in the population of pea
seeds.

PRECAUTIONS :

1. Take a sufficiently large number of seed lot for analysis to minimise the error.
2. Observe the contrasting form of the trait carefully.

p.t.o
 EXPERIMENT -11-B
B. TO ANALYSE SEED SAMPLE OF PEA FOR MENDELIAN DIHYBRID RATIO OF 9:3:3:1

AIM:

TO ANALYSE SEED SAMPLE OF PEA FOR MENDELIAN DIHYBRID RATIO OF 9:3:3:1

REQUIREMENTS:

Pea seed examples, enamel tray, petri dishes ,notebook, pencil/pen.

PROCEDURE

1. Take a lot of about 250 pea sedds in an enamel tray.

2. Separate out yellow round, yellow wrinkled, green round and green wrinkled seeds and put them in
separate petridishes.
3. Note down the number of seeds in each plate and calculate their approximate ratio.

OBSERVATION

Data related to two findings is given in the table, record your findings in the same way.

TOTAL NUMBER OF NO. OF YELLOW NO. OF YELLOW NO. OF GREEN NO. OF GREEN APPROXIMATE
SEEDS OBSERVED ROUND SEEDS WRINKLED SEEDS ROUND SEEDS WRINKLED SEEDS RATIO
257 145 48 48 16 9.O6:3:3:1

CONCLUSION :

The ratio of yellow round : yellow wrinkled : green round : green wrinkled is approximately 9:3:3:1 , which is
exactly the same as obtained by Mendel for dihybrid cross . This indicates that the contrasting genes for seed
colour and seed shape show an independent assortment in the population of pea seeds.

PRECAUTIONS :

1. Take a sufficiently large number of seed lot for analysis to minimise the error.
2. Observe the contrasting form of the trait carefully.