Experiment - B.

6
Aim: To study the Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colours/sizes of any plant.
Principle: When two pure lines with contrasting forms of a particular character (phenotypes)
are crossed to produce the next generation (F1 generation), all the members of the progeny are
of only one phenotype i.e. of one of the two parents. The phenotype that appears is called
dominant, and the one that does not appear is called recessive. When the F1 plants are selfed,
the progeny i.e. the F2 generation is in the ratio of 3 dominant: 1 recessive (¾: ¼ or 75%: 25%).
This reappearance of the recessive phenotype in F2 generation verifies law of segregation.
Requirement:
Petri Dish, Enamel Tray, Pea Seed Samples
Procedure:
● 100 pea seeds are placed in an enamel tray.
● The seeds are separated into the round and wrinkled and placed in two separate Petri
dishes.
● The number of round and wrinkled seeds is noted down. Also, their ratio is calculated.
● The procedure mentioned above is repeated for other contrasting traits, such as the
colour of the seeds.
Observations:
● A table is created showing the characteristics of the seed along with the total number
observed, the number of seeds with contrasting characters and the ratio.

Serial Characteristics Total Number of Seeds showing Ratio

Numbe Seeds contrasting Characters
r

1 Shape of the seed 100 (87) round seeds; (13) 87:13

wrinkled seeds

2 Colour of the seed 100 (64) green seeds; (36) 64:36

yellow seeds