Same material = same density ( ‫) مهما حصل‬

The value of relative density = the value of density in g/c𝑚3

 ‫بسبب وزن الجسم فممكن نقول‬pressure ‫لو الـ‬
⊥𝐹
𝑝= = 𝜌𝑔𝐻
𝐴

Vertical
P=ρHg above
𝑁/𝑚2 to surface
in meter

open P = Patm + ρ H g
1.013 𝑥105
 unit Value of atmospheric pressure
(N/m2) 1.013 x 10 5 N/m2 The golden rule :
pascal 1.013 x 10 5 pascal
Bar 1.013 bar ‫اللي انا رايحله‬
Cm.Hg 76 cm.Hg Number x
‫الرقم بتاعي‬
Torr 760 Torr
Pa 1 Pa

Pressure difference

Pressure difference = pressure inside – pressure outside

or
pressure difference = pressure outside – pressure inside

Barometer

Patm = 𝜌 𝑥 𝑔 𝑥 𝐻
In meter
Height of the mercury

The Height of mercury column depend only in the

atmospheric pressure ( height above the ground )

To measure the height of a building

Then reading of the barometer
 ρ1 h1 = ρ2 h2
Any unit ( must be the same )
the height above the separating surface

The density is inversely proportional to the density

separating surface ‫البداية دايما من عند أقل‬

Manometer

Pg = Patm Pg = patm + PL Pg = patm-PL

Unit : 𝑁/𝑚2

Patm = 1.013x105 PL = ΡgH

Unit : Cm.Hg

Patm = 76 PL = H
 - -H

Pascal principle

Weight = mass x gravity

The distance moved Mechanical advantage

 General gas law
Gas Law Relation Between
Boyle`s Law ( VIP) Volume and pressure of gas at
Inverse
constant temperature
Charlee's Law ( TV ) Temperature and volume at
constant pressure
Direct
Jolly`s Law ( TP ) Temperature and pressure at
Pressure Law constant volume
Direct

Boyle`s law ‫ ملية‬gas ‫الجديد اللي الـ‬volume ‫الـ‬

P1V1 = P2V2 = constant

Any unit but same unit

The gas P1 V1 = P2 V2
bubble 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 + 𝜌ℎ𝑔 V1 = 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 𝑉2

Below above
Capillary tube

L1 H L2 L1 H H
H L2

P1 L1 = P2 L2 P1 L1 = P2 L2
Patm L1 = ( Patm – H) L2 Patm L1 = ( Patm + H) L2
 V2 = Voriginal ‫لو مش معاك‬
original volume
T2 = 273 K ‫هاته من هنا‬
Charly`s law

Volume expansion
𝑉𝑜𝑙 2−𝑣𝑜𝑙(2730 𝐾) 1
‫نسبة الزياده لكل‬ αv = 𝑉𝑂𝐿 2730 𝐾 ( 𝑇2𝐶−273)
= 273
𝐾 −1
‫ زيادة‬degree 1
Zero volume original volume
T=0K T = 273 K
T2 = -273 C T=0C

𝑃1 𝑇1𝐾
=
𝑃2 𝑇2𝐾
jolly`s law

Pressure expansion 𝑃2 −𝑃0 1

coefficient 𝛽P = = 𝐾 −1
𝑃0 𝑥 ∆𝑡 273
General gas law

Any unit but same unit

At constant mass but variable density

𝑃1 𝑃2 Pressure
=
𝜌1 𝑇1 𝜌2 𝑇2 Density

At constant volume but variable mass

𝑃1 𝑃2 Pressure
=
𝑀1 𝑇1 𝑀2 𝑇2

In case of mixing

At STP

Temperature = 273 K
pressure = atmospheric pressure
1 ) a student used a graduated
cylinder to measure the
density of a rock from the
opposite graph is ….. Kg /𝐦𝟑
a) 8000 b) 8
c) 4200 d)38 V = 25 𝑐𝑚3 V = 30 𝑐𝑚3

3.

a) 5/2 b) 2/5 c)1/1

4.

𝜌1 = 800 𝐾𝑔Τ𝑚3
𝑉1 = 0.2 𝑥 10−3 𝑚3 𝑀𝑚 0.16 + 0.54
𝑀1 = 0.16 𝐾𝑔 𝜌𝑚 = =
𝑉𝑚 0.5 𝑥10−3
𝜌2 = 1800 𝐾𝑔Τ𝑚3 = 1400 𝐾𝑔Τ𝑚3
𝑉1 = 0.3 𝑥 10−3 𝑚3
𝑀1 = 0. 54 𝐾𝑔
5.

a) 13 b) 3.75 c) 5 c)1/1

6.

7. In the opposite figure if the weight of the

solid cube is 60 N and the length of side of
cube is 9cm then the pressure om surface

9 ) from the opposite graph determine the

value of pressure of water at point x
a) 700000 b) 810000
c) 42000 d)38000
 9

10

a) 9 cm b) 8 cm
c) 7cm d)6 cm

11. From the opposite graph

𝝆
find the ratio between 𝒙
𝝆𝒚
12.

13.

14.

15.

a) 0.759 m b) 0.741 m c) 0.739

16.
 1.

2.

3.

4.