Final Semestral Assessment Physics

Answer all questions. (100M)

Q1,(a)A kitchen has a water supply , an electricity supply and electric
lighting.There are several electrical appliances in the kitchen including a
toaster , a kettle , a clothes iron , a microwave oven and a
dishwasher.Discuss three hazards of using electricity in this kitchen .
(6M)
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(b) The two heating elements can be connected in series or in parallel.
Describe an advantage of each method.(2M)
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(c)(i) Name an electrical component whose resistance decreases when it
is moved into brighter light. (1M)

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(ii) Name an electrical component whose resistance decreases as its

temperature increases.(1M)

Q2, (a) Some electrical appliances are fitted with an earth wire.
(i) Describe how an earth wire acts as a safety feature.(3M)

(ii) Explain why this heater should be fitted with an earth

wire.(2M)

(b) A student takes measurements for two components, A and B .The

graph shows the results .

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Compare the results for component A and component B .(5M)

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Q3,(a) A student uses this apparatus to investigate how the resistance of

a thermistor changes with temperature.

Explain how the student can use the apparatus to investigate how the
resistance of the thermistor varies with temperature between 0 °C and
100 °C.(5M)

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(b) (i) Illustrate the circuit symbol for LDR and LED. (2M)

(ii)A light dependent resistor (LDR) can be used as a sensor to detect

light intensity. Describe how the resistance of an LDR varies as the light
intensity changes. You may sketch a graph to help your answer.(3M)

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Q4,(a) The table shows information about three electrical appliances.

(a) (i) State the relationship between power, current and

voltage.(1M)

(ii) Calculate the current in the television. [assume that the

mains voltage is 230 V.(2M)

(b)The photographs show the different cables used for the clothes iron
and the lamp.

(i)Suggest why the wires in the clothes iron cable are thicker than the
wires in the lamp. (1M)

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(ii) The clothes iron cable has three wires, E, N and L. Which of these
wires is connected to the fuse? (1M)

(iii) Suggest why the lamp is safe to use, even though its cable only has
two wires.(2M)

(iv) The lamp is switched on for 55 minutes. Calculate the energy

transferred by the lamp in this time.(3M)

Q5,(a) The diagram shows part of an electric circuit. Complete the

circuit diagram by adding
* a resistor in series with the lamp and battery
* a second lamp in parallel with the first lamp
* a voltmeter that measures the voltage across the resistor
* an ammeter that measures the current in the resistor.(4M)

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(b) The graph shows how current and voltage vary for a filament
lamp.

(i) Draw a circuit diagram to show how you should connect the
equipment needed to make the measurements needed to plot
the graph.(4M)

(ii) The resistance of the filament lamp changes as the voltage is

increased. Explain these changes in resistance.(2M)

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Q6,(a) A student uses an electric heater to investigate efficiency. He

places the heater in an aluminium block, switches the heater on and
measures the temperature of the block each minute for 20 minutes.

(i) The student wants to calculate the electrical energy

supplied to the heater. (2M)

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(ii) Show that the energy supplied to the heater in 20 minutes

is about 30 000 J. (3M)

(b)A hairdryer connected to the mains supply takes a current of 5.5 A.

(i) Which of these fuses should be used with the hairdryer? (1M)
A3A
B5A
C7A
D 13 A

(ii)Explain your answer. (2M)

(iii) The hairdryer has a plastic case so there is no need for an earth wire
connection in the plug. Explain why the hairdryer is still safe to
use.(2M)

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Q7,(a) A student investigates how the voltage across a thermistor varies

with temperature. The student keeps the current in the thermistor
constant, but varies the temperatures between 20 °C and 100 °C. (i)The
diagram shows how the student sets up his apparatus.

(i) Suggest three changes to this set up that would improve the
accuracy of the measurement of the thermistor
temperature.(3M)
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(ii) At room temperature a thermistor has a resistance of 680 Ω. The
voltage across it is 5.9 V. Show that the current in the thermistor is about
8.5 mA.(3M)

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(b) A student investigates how the resistance of a wire depends on its

length. The photograph shows the circuit that the student uses.

Draw a circuit diagram to show how the components in the

photograph are connected.(4M)

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Q8,(a) A student investigates how the resistance of a wire depends on its

length. The table shows the student’s measurements.

(ii)Complete the table by calculating the missing value of

resistance.(1M)

(b)(i) Use the results from the table opposite to plot a graph of resistance
(y-axis) against length of wire (x-axis) and draw the line of best fit.(5M)

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b(ii) Write a conclusion for the investigation. (1M)

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(iii)Explain how the graph supports this conclusion.(2M)

Q9,(a)A student investigates the resistance of a lamp .

(i)The student obtains this graph for a filament lamp.

Calculate the resistance of the lamp when the voltage is 6.0 V.(3M)

(ii) The student reverses the battery connections and then repeats his
measurements. On the axes below, sketch the graph that he would
obtain. Part of the graph has been done for you. (2M)

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(b) The diagram shows part of a lighting circuit in a house. The circuit is

protected by fuse F.

  

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(i)Explain how fuse protect the circuit . (2.5M)

(ii)If the power of lamp L is 60 W, Calculate the amount of energy

transferred by lamp L in 3 minutes.(2.5M)

Q10,(a) When a motor is working , the current in it is 1.74A.Explain

why it would not be sensible to replace the 13A fuse with a 2A fuse
.(2M)

(b)A soldering iron is a tool used when joining electric components

in a circuit .It has an electric heater . Soldering iron A operates when
connected to the mains supply.

                                                      

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(i) Soldering iron A is labelled 230V, 30W.

What does 30W tell you about the energy transfer in the soldering iron ?
(2M)

(ii) The soldering iron has an earth connection .Explain an earth

connection protects the user . (2M)

(iii) Soldering iron B is connected to a low voltage power supply .

                                          

Soldering B is labelled 24V,70W.

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A student says:

Use information form soldering iron labels to evaluate this statement

.(4M)

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Useful formulae
 Ohm`s law, V=IR
 Electrical energy, E=VQ
 Current , I = Q/t
 Electrical power, P=E/t , P=IV
 Resistors in series, R=R1+R2+R3+-----
 Resistors in parallel, 1/R1=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3+----

   

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