CIVIL WORKS

Civil Construction Works

equipment. All traffic towards or from the waste areas shall be continuously directed and
changed for the total covering of the surface of such areas in order to take advantage of the
weight of vehicles for compaction.
The Bidder/Contractor shall not have the right either to additional payment or to claim due to
work required for stockpiling materials or to take to waste areas.
The cost of the transportation of materials from the excavations to their final destination
including any necessary temporary stockpiling and the additional loading and transporting
operations shall be included in the total bid.

2.6.8 Excavation and Manual Excavation

Any kind of soil at Site shall be excavated according to relevant drawings and shall be loaded,
transported and dumped at areas where prior permission from the relevant authority has been
obtained. Backfill material may be stockpiled nearby. On any excavation work, dewatering down
to the bottom of the pit must also be considered.
If obstacles below ground are encountered during excavation works, TRANSCO has to be
informed immediately and any demolishing, removal or relocation of such obstacles shall
commence only after receipt of instructions from TRANSCO.
Only manual excavation of soil for foundation work in vicinity of any services shall be
permitted. It shall be executed by means of spade or graft, etc. This shall be necessary for the
protection of any underground services in the vicinity of the construction to prevent damage to
live cables, pipes, pipelines, etc.

2.6.9 Backfilling
For backfilling of structures and areas, only selected imported material or approved well graded
granular material from the open-cut excavation shall be used. Use of any kind of waste or
building material or rock pieces for this scope shall not be permitted.
Dumped soil material touching the faces of the structures shall be of soft material. The material
shall be placed in horizontal layers of not more than 25 cm in compacted thickness. The fill
moisture content shall be adjusted to achieve a maximum of compaction.
The material shall be compacted by vibrator plates and/or mechanical tampers. The minimum
required degree of compaction shall be as defined before under Tests and Properties above.

2.6.10 Filling
Filling shall be approved well graded and selected material from excavations of predominantly
granular materials and free from slurry, mud, organic and other unsuitable matter, capable of
compaction by ordinary means.
Filling shall be placed in 25 cm layers and compacted at optimum moisture content by
mechanical means, where possible. Alternatively, where allowed by TRANSCO, fill shall be

S-TR-CIVIL-WORK (Rev.0-2015) Page 11 of 24

 CIVIL WORKS
Civil Construction Works

placed in layers and saturated with sufficient water or otherwise compacted to produce maximum
compaction.
Filling around pipes and cables shall be of fine material to cover the pipe or cable by at least
15cm before the normal in-filling is placed.
All filled areas shall be left neat, smooth and well compacted, the top surface consisting of the
normal site surface soil, unless otherwise directed.
The Bidder/Contractor shall be responsible for the reinstatement of any surfaces of structures,
which may move or otherwise be affected by settlement of backfill.

2.6.11 Material for Structural Fill and Backfill

Material to be used as fill or backfill shall be well graded granular material. It shall be free from
contamination and shall not be taken from areas falling into Class 5 of the BRE Digest 363 and
shall have a grading curve close to the following:
SIEVE % PASSING
75 mm 100
37.5 mm 85 100
10 mm 40 70
5 mm 25 45
600 µm 8 22
75 µm 0 10
Note: The material shall have a P.I. < 6

2.6.12 Material for Non-Structural Fill and Backfill

Material to be used as non-structural fill and backfill shall have a grading close to the following:

SIEVE % PASSING
25.4 mm 100
19.05 mm 70 100
9.53 mm 50 80
No. 4 35 65
No. 10 25 50
No. 40 15 30
No. 200 5 15
Note: the maximum allowable L.L. and P.I are 35
and 10 respectively

S-TR-CIVIL-WORK (Rev.0-2015) Page 12 of 24