Lesson 2:

Fundamental
READING SKILLS
 INTRODUC
TION

Hi dear learners!
In the previous lesson, you have learned about Critical Thinking and how essential it is for
you as student. For this module, you will learn that Reading is more than just a pastime or
relaxation activity. In fact, even those who claim to hate reading are actually doing it every
day. An e-mail, text message, chats, street sign, Facebook status, Tweeter updates, and
Instagram posts all require you to read. Written language originated to expand
communication.

OBJECTIVE
S
By the end of the lesson, you will have been able to;
 Identify the skills used in each of the stages of the reading process
 Gain knowledge on basic reading skills (skimming, scanning, summarizing,
paraphrasing)
 Effectively apply these reading skills
 PRELIMINARY
ACTIVITY
Study and look closely at the picture below. You will be given two minutes to write everything
that comes to your mind upon looking at the picture.

Wow! Great work! You have generated many ideas.

In addition to communication, many people read to learn
information or facts, to be entertained, and to understand.
Whether you like it or not, reading is a skill we use on a
daily basis. READ and study this lesson to discover more
about reading.
 DISCUSS
ION
Reading Process

Reading is a process that involves recognizing words, leading to the

development of comprehension. According to research, reading
negotiates the meaning between the text and the reader and also
connects the reader to the writer. The reading process involves 3
stages.

First is the pre-reading stage, it allows you to activate background

knowledge, preview the text and develop a purpose for reading. Looking at the title of the
selection, listing all the information that comes into your mind about the title, previewing,
freewriting, surveying, questioning, making assumptions are just few of the strategies you can do
in the pre-reading stage.

The second stage happens while-reading, you may reread the text until you fully understand its
meaning, you can get the meaning through context clues, predicting, inferencing, and reflecting.

The final stage is after-reading, you have to check your understanding of the text. It allows you
to retell the story, discuss, answer questions or compare it to another story, summarize,
paraphrase make graphic organizers and journal writing.
 Reading Process
Below is an example of a reading process.

While-reading
Pre-Reading Post-Reading
Based on the One morning, when Gregor Why do you
title, "The SAmsa woke from troubked think this
Metamorphosi dreams, he found hhimself happened to
s," what do transformed in his bed into a Gregor?
you think is horrible vermin. He lay on his
the story armour-like back, and if he lifted
about? his head a little he could see his
brown belly, slightly domed and
divided by arches into stiff
sections. The bedding was
hardly able to cover it and
seemed ready to slide off any
moment. His may legs, pitifully
thin compared with the size of
the rest of him, waved about
helplessly as he looked.
- The Metamorphosis, Franz
Kafka

Basic Reading Skills

The following are various reading skills which can develop your reading experience and make
you an effective reader.

1. Rapid Reading- aims to locate specific information or ideas in a very short span of time.
a. Skimming is a process of reading to get an overall view of the material as you get
the main idea or message of the text as a whole.
b. Scanning requires you to look for a particular word, a specific phrase or
information, ignoring all the unnecessary ones.
 To fully understand the difference between the two, imagine reading as attending a buffet
party. There are so many dishes nicely displayed. Skimming is when you look around, and
tell yourself “Okay, this party is worth my next couple of hours”. You feel hungry. Then it is
time for you to do the scanning job, selecting what to put on your plate because you cannot
have them all.

2. Previewing- a skill where you look over a material and focuses on the
information, he/she found relevant. Browsing, or inspecting hurriedly is an
example of previewing technique. Example is when you read a book that is
related to what you are looking for before you are asked to do so.

3. Literal Reading- involves understanding of ideas and facts that are directly stated in the
printed material. Skills under this category include note-taking, paraphrasing, and
summarizing. These are done in the post reading stage.
a. Summarizing is a technique of shortening the passage without
losing important parts.

b. Paraphrasing involves restating ideas from the original text using

your own words.

4. Inferential reading-
between the lines.

5. Critical Reading- distinguishing facts from opinions and detecting logical fallacies.
 Types of Reading

People have different reasons why they read, but most of the reasons, if not all, fall under three
general purposes: to be informed, be entertained and to be inspired.

Developmental Pleasure Functional Remedial

Reading Reading Reading Reading
aims to develop aims to provide designed to help Aims to correct
student's reading enjoyment students learn the effects of
skills basic functional poor teaching
reading ability and poor
learning
Example: Ryan Example: Karen Example: Felipe
reads a long text reads her reads a college Example:
to improve his favorite book, application form Francis reads a
reading To Kill a to understand pronunciation
comprehension Mocking Bird how to fill it out chart with his
skill teacher to help
him correct his
pronunciation of
diphtongs.

ACTIVIT
Y
It’s the time to apply what you have learned in this module.
A. Read the poem and encircle your answers to the succeeding questions.
The Child’s Wish Granted By George Parsons Lathrop
Do you remember, my seet, absent son,
How in the soft of June days forever done
You loved the heavens so warm and clear and high;
And when I lifted you, soft came you cry,--
“Put me ‘way up—“way. ‘way up in blue sky”?
I laughed and said I could not;--set you down,
Your gray eyes wonder-filled beneath that crown
Of bright hair gladdening me as you raced by.
 Another Father now, more strong than I,
Has borne you voiceless to your dear blue sky.

1. What is the poem all about?

2. It can be inferred that the “dear blue sky” in the last line is….?

3. The “Father” in the second to the last line is?

4. Make an illustration of the what you have visualized based on the poem.

Enrichment Activities
Practice your paraphrasing and summarizing skill.
 https:/owl.english.purdue.edu/exercises/32/41/78
 https:/owl.english.purdue.edu/exercises/32/41/77

There are times that you see reading as a boring thing to do.
I cannot blame you if you see it that way. But you also need
to accept the fact that reading is part of our lives. We need
it.
The more you read, the greater the information you will
gain, and as you partnered it with critical thinking, you will
learn how to identify facts that will save you from believing
in fake news and falsified articles. Happy reading!