Botany 1.

The Living World

1. Growth is not considered as a defining (3) Accumulation or increase in mass from
property of living beings because inside is the basis of growth in living beings.
(1) It is difficult to observe or measure. (4) Growth is considered as defining property
(2) Not a single criterion for the measurement of living beings.
of growth. 8. Growth and reproduction are mutually
(3) Also observed in non-living exclusive events in
(4) Cannot be tracked as growth is from inside (1) Bacteria and protista.
2. Which of the given is not a defining property (2) Protista and unicellular fungi.
of living organisms? (3) Yeast and Paramoecium.
(1) Growth (4) Higher plants and animals.
(2) Metabolism 9. What is meant by the "species problem"?
(3) Cellular organization (1) The exact definition of species is still
(4) Consciousness controversial.
3. Growth is a characteristic of----------. (2) The exact mechanisms of speciation is not
(1) Living systems known.
(2) Living organisms (3) The number of species present is much
(3) Non-living organisms more than identified species.
(4) Both b and c (4) The extinction of species is taking place at
4. In------------- of higher animals and plants---- an alarming rate.
---- and ------- are mutually------ events. 10. Match the following:
(1) All, cell division, replacement, dependent p. Yeast 1. regeneration
(2) Majority , growth, reproduction, exclusive q. Hydra 2. budding
(3) All, growth, cell division, dependent r. Protonema of mosses 3. Fragmentaion
(4) Majority ,cell division, replacement, s. Filamentous Algae
exclusive t. Planaria
5. Select the correct combination: u. Flat worms
(1) Plants: limited cell division (1) (p-2); (q-1); (r-2); (s-2); (t-1); (u-3)
(2) Animals: Cell division throughout life span (2) (p-3); (q-3); (r-2); (s-1); (t-1); (u-3)
in all type of cells. (3) (p-3); (q-1); (r-3); (s-2); (t-2); (u-1)
(3) Unicellular organisms: Growth observation (4) (p-2); (q-2); (r-3); (s-3); (t-1); (u-1)
by microscope 11. Increase in number can be-
(4) Living organisms: external growth (1) Growth (2) Reproduction
6. How many of the following will show the (3) Both a and b (4) Accumulation
growth or increase in mass? 12. An attribute found in plants but not animals
Mountain, Boulders, sand mound, Dead is
organism, plants. (1) Metabolism
(1) 3 (2) 4 (2) Sexual reproduction
(3) 1 (4) 2 (3) Autotrophy
7. What is correct with respect to Growth? (4) Asexual reproduction
(1) Increase in body mass is not a criterion for 13. In --------- organisms, --------is synonymous
growth. with -------.
(2) Increase in body mass is not observed in (1) Unicellular, increase in mass and increase in
non-living things. number

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(2) Multicellular, increase in mass and increase 18. In how many organisms present below in the
in number box in which reproduction is synonymous
(3) Unicellular, Reproduction and growth with growth?
(4) Multicellular, Reproduction and growth Amoeba, Yeast, Diatom, Mules, Spirogyra,
14. Reproduction cannot be an all-inclusive Mangifera, Panthera, Datura and Gonyaulax
defining characteristic of living organism (1) 7 (2) 5
because of (3) 4 (4) 6
(1) Asexual reproduction 19. How many of the following may not or
(2) Non living organisms also replicate cannot reproduce?
(3) Examples of worker bees Humans, Worker bees, Mules, Boulders, Fungi,
(4) May occur in all type of living systems Protonema of mosses.
instead of living organisms. (1) 4 (2) 3
15. Which one of the following is common to (3) 1 (4) 5
multicellular fungi, filamentous algae and 20. Select incorrect statements w.r.t. living
protonema of mosses? beings
(1) Diplontic life cycle (1) Growth cannot be taken as a defining
(2) Members of kingdom-Plantae property of living organisms
(3) Mode of nutrition (2) Growth can be easily observed in vitro
(4) Multiplication by fragmentation culture
16. Find out the wrong statement out- (3) Metabolic reactions cannot be demonstrated
(1) Increase in mass and increase in number of outside the body in cell-free system
individuals are twin characteristics of growth. (4) All organisms, from the prokaryotes to the
(2) Growth, reproduction and ability to respond most complex eukaryotes can sense and
are the only unique features of living respond to environmental cues
organisms. 21. Read the statements carefully and select the
(3) a and b both correct option:
(4) Metabolism, ability to self-replicate and (1) Intrinsic increase in mass of body is
self-organise are the unique features of living defining
organisms. property of living organisms.
17. Consider the following two statements: (2) Reproduction is synonymous with growth in
I. In the single-celled organisms, we are not all the organisms
very clear about the usage of the two terms – (3) Reproduction is defining feature of all
growth and reproduction. organisms
II. When it comes to unicellular organisms like (4) Isolated metabolic reactions in-vitro are
bacteria, unicellular algae or amoeba, living reactions.
reproduction is synonymous with growth, i.e., Options:
increase in number of cells. (1) A and B (2) B and C
(1) Both I and II are true and II explains I (3) A and D (4) B and D
(2) Both I and II are true but II does not explain 22. The most obvious & complicated feature of
I all living organisms is:
(3) I is true but II is false (1) The ability to sense their surroundings or
(4) Both I and II are false environment and respond to these
environmental stimuli.

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(2) Reproduction - sexual or asexual - for
production of progeny of own kind.
(3) The ability to growth in size due to cell
division.
(4) Presence of complex organs systems such as
digestive and nervous system.
23. What is wrong with respect to metabolism?
(1) Chemical conversions or metabolic
conversions are constantly going on.
(2) Metabolic reactions occur simultaneously.
(3) The sum total of all the chemical reaction
occurring on the surface of our body is
metabolism.
(4) No non-living objects exhibit metabolism.
24. Living organisms exhibit distinctive
characteristics to differentiate from non-
living objects. Which one of the following
statements can be considered as defining
property of living things?
(1) Increase in body mass as a criterion for
growth
(2) Reproduction is synonymous with growth in
unicellular organisms
(3) Ability of living organisms to sense their
surroundings
(4) Metabolic sections that can be demonstrated
outside the body in cell-free system only
25. Mark the correct statements w.r.t. living
organisms
(1) Growth and cellular organisation are
considered as defining properties of living
organisms
(2) Reproduction can be all inclusive defining
characteristic of living organisms
(3) Living organisms are self replicating, self
regulating and evolving interesting systems
(4) isolated metabolic reactions in vitro are
living things
26. What is incorrect statements-
(1) Organisms that can respond to stimuli are
with a well developed nervous system..
(2) Generally growth and reproduction are
mutually exclusive events in higher organism.
1. The Living World
(3) Mules and sterile worker bees do not
reproduce.
(4) Metabolic reactions may take place in
isolated cell-free systems
27. Choose the wrong statements w.r.t.
distinguishing characteristics of living beings
(1) In majority of higher, the growth and
reproduction are mutually exclusive events
(2) Degrowth will occur when catabolism
exceeds anabolism
(3) Isolated metabolic relations in-vitro are
neither living things nor living reactions
(4) Growth cannot be taken as a defining
property of living organisms if we take increase
in body mass as a criterion on growth
28. Consider the following two statements:
I. Cellular organization of the body is the
defining feature of life forms.
II. Metabolic reactions cannot be demonstrated
outside the body in cell-free systems.
(1) Both I and II are true and II explains I
(2) Both I and II are true but II does not explain
I
(3) I is true but II is false
(4) Both I and II are false
29. Which of the following characters, are
defining features of all living organisms?
(A) Growth from inside
(B) Sexual reproduction
(C) Metabolism
(D) Response to stimuli
(E) Cellular organisation
(1) Only (C), (D) and (E)
(2) Only (A) and (B)
(3) Only (B), (C) and (D)
(4) All except (B)
30. Which one of the following aspects is an
exclusive characteristic of living things?
(1) Increase in mass by accumulation of
material
both on surface as well as internally
(2) Isolated metabolic reactions occurring in
vitro
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(3) Increase in mass from outside only (3) Method to classify organisms
(4) Perception of events happening in the (4) Evolutionary relationship studies
environment and their memory 38. What is not true with respect to Systematics
31. The system of the naming of organisms was (1) Systematic arrangement of organisms
developed by (2) Derived from latin word systema
(1) Robert Hooke (2) Carolus Linnaeus (3) The study of relationships among different
(3) T. Schwann (4) Ernst Mayr organisms
32. The total number and types of organisms on (4) Does not account any kind of evolutionary
earth represents the relationships.
(1) Taxonomy (2) Biodiversity 39. The processes which are not basic to
(3) Classification (4) Systematics taxonomy include?
33. ICBN stands for: (1) Characterization (2) Identification
(1) Indian Congress of Biological Names (3) Observation (4) Nomenclature
(2) International Code for Botanical 40. Classification is not associated with
Nomenclature (1) Grouping into convenient categories
(3) International Congress of Biological Names (2) Based on easily observable characters
(4) Indian Code of Botanical NOmenclature (3) Purpose is to study all the living organisms
34. Which of the following is against the rules of (4) Writing scientific names in impressive and
ICBN? understandable way.
(1) Hand written scientific names should be 41. The scientific term for biological
underlined. classification categories is the:
(2) Every species should have a generic name (1) Species (2) Taxon
and a specific epithet. (3) Phylum (4) Domain
(3) Scientific names are in Latin and should be 42. What is incorrect with respect to taxa?
italized. (1) Represents a category at different levels.
(4) Generic and specific names should be (2) Human and Homo sapiens represents
written starting with small letters. different taxa.
35. Which of the following is the correct (3) Mammals, Dogs and animals represent taxa
scientific name of wheat derived by at different levels.
binominal nomenclature? (4) Taxa is a scientific term for category
(1) Triticum Vulgare 43. Binomial Nomenclature is the system
(2) Triticum aestivum p. Given by Carolus Linnaeus
(3) Oryza sativa q. Practiced by scientists of Botany only
(4) Zea mays r. Provides a name with two components
36. Select the incorrect match w.r.t. the given s. Inconvenient than earlier naming systems
taxonomic categories of wheat. How many of the statements are correct?
(1) Genus - Triticum (1) 2 (2) 3
(2) Family - aestivum (3) 4 (4) 1
(3) Order- Poales 44. Name of the author is not written in which of
(4) Class - Monocotyledonae the following way?
37. Systema Naturae is (1) After the specific epithet
(1) Publication of Linnaeus (2) In abbreviated form
(2) Institute for classification studies (3) At the end of Biological name

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(4) Written in italics
45. Which of the following is wrong with respect
to taxonomy?
(1) Process of classification
(2) External and internal structure, structure of
cell development process and ecological
information is the basis of modern taxonomic
studies.
(3) Characterisation, identification are the only
basic processes to taxonomy.
(4) Taxonomy is not something new.
46. Identify the incorrect statement:
(1) Biological names are generally in Latin and
written in italics. They are Latinised or derived
from Latin irrespective of their origin.
(2) The first word in a biological name
represents the genus while the second
component denotes the specific epithet.
(3) Both the words in a biological name, when
handwritten, are separately underlined, or
printed in italics to indicate their vernacular
origin.
(4) The first word denoting the genus starts
with a capital letter while the specific epithet
starts with a small letter.
47. What do A, B and C represent in the given
scientific name respectively?
Mangifera Indica Linn
C B A same type
(1) Generic name, specific name and author's
name
(2) Specific name, generic name and author's
name
(3) Author's name, specific name and generic
name
(4) Generic name, author's name and specific
name
48. The earliest classifications were based on the
____ of various organisms.
(1) Morphology
(2) Anatomy
(3) Uses
(4) Habitat
1. The Living World
49. What is the basic requirement to place
organism in various categories?
(1) Knowledge of characters of an individual or
group of organisms
(2) Knowledge of all identified species
(3) Comparative analysis of all known species
(4) All of above
50. How many of the following are correct
match ?
(1) Biodiversity - Number and type of
organisms present on earth.
(2) Nomenclature - Standardise the naming of
living organism
(3) Biological names - Generally in Latin and
written in Greek
(4) Classification - Classified into different taxa
(1) Four (2) Three
(3) Two (4) One
51. Both the words in a biological name when
handwritten are underlined or printed in
italics to indicate :-
(1) They are endangered
(2) They are living
(3) Their latin origin
(4) Now they are extinct
52. All living organisms are linked to one
another because
(1) they have common genetic material of the
(2) they share common genetic material but to
varying degrees
(3) all have common cellular organisation
(4) All of the above
53. Taxonomic hierarchy refers to
(1) step-wise arrangement of all categories for
classification of plants and animals
(2) a group of senior taxonomists, who decide
the nomenclature of plants and animals
(3) a list of botanists or zoologists, who have
worked on taxonomy of a species or group
(4) classification of a species based on fossil
record
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54. Which of the following is matched (2) Having Fundamental similarities
incorrectly: (3) Having morphological differences
(1) Mangifera: indica (4) Each Genus has only one specific epithet
(2) Panthera: tuberosum 62. Which of the following set is not correct?
(3) Solanum: melongena (1) Potato and Brinjal
(4) Solanum: nigrum (2) Lion, leopard and cat
55. Taxonomic categories together makes- (3) Tigris, pardus and leo
(1) Criteria for Nomenclature (4) Nigrum and melongena
(2) Taxonomic Hierarchy 63. Kingdom- Phylum- Class- Order-Family-
(3) Taxonomic domain Genus-Species
(4) Criteria for Identification (1) Categories of plants
56. As we go from species to kingdom- (2) Categories of animals
(1) The number of similarities gets reduced than (3) Both a and b
previous taxon. (4) Categories of bacteria
(2) The number of similarities gets increased 64. Cats come under Felis. Which taxon are we
than previous taxon. talking about?
(3) The number of dissimilarities gets reduced (1) Class (2) Order
than previous taxon. (3) Genus (4) Species
(4) None of the above 65. Which statements is incorrect w.r.t. genus?
57. Step of classification does not represent- 1 Each genus may have one or more than one
(1) Rank specific epithets
(2) Taxon 2 It comprises a group of related species
(3) Space 3 It has more characters in common in
(4) Unit of classification comparison to species of other genera
58. The taxon which includes related species is 4 Potato and brinjal belong to different genus
(1) class (2) order 66. Genus has
(3) family (4) genus (1) More common character possessing group
59. Which one of the following animals is of one species than other species
correctly matched with its particular named (2) More common character possessing group
taxonomic category? of species than species of other genera
(1) Cuttlefish – Mollusca, a class (3) Less common character possessing group of
(2) Humans – Primate, the family species than other phyla
(3) Housefly – Musca, an order (4) Less common character possessing group of
(4) Tiger – Tigris, the species one species than other species
60. Genera are 67. Genus represents aggregate of closely related
(1) An aggregate of different species species. Which of the following group of
(2) An aggregate of closely related species species does not belong to same genus?
(3) An aggregate of different organism of a (1) Potato, Brinjal
single species (2) Brinjal, makoi
(4) An aggregate of closely related organisms (3) Lion, Leopard
of a single species (4) Potato, Sweet potato
61. What does not hold true with Species?
(1) Group of individual organisms

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68. Species are considered as:-
(1) Real basic units of classification Column I Column II
(2) The lowest units of classification A. Family 1. Diptera
(3) The artificial concept of the human mind B. Order 2. Arthropoda
which cannot be defined in absolute terms C. Class 3. Muscidae
(4) Real units of classification devised by D. Phylum 4. Insecta
taxonomists Codes:
69. The highest category in the taxonomic A B C D
hierarchy is (1) 3 1 4 2
(1) Kingdom (2) Phylum (2) 3 2 4 1
(3) Class (4) Species (3) 4 3 2 1
70. Polymoniales have families like Solanaceae (4) 4 2 1 3
and convolvulaceae mainly based on the ----- 77. Select the correct sequence of taxonomic
-------. categories of Mango in ascending order
(1) Floral characters (2) Aestivation (1) Mangifera → Anacardiaceae →
(3) Leaf shape. (4) Root system Dicotyledonae → Sapindales → Angiospermae.
71. Taxa with least number of common (2) Mangifera → Anacardiaceae → Sapindales
characteristics are → Dicotyledonae → Angiospermae.
(1) Felis and Panthera (3) Angiospermae → Dicotyledonae →
(2) Potato, Brinjal and Makoi Sapindales → Anacardiaceae → Mangifera.
(3) Polymoniales and Poales (4) Angiospermae → Sapindales →
(4) Arthropoda and Angiosperms Anacardiaceae → Dicotyledonae → Mangifera.
72. Order…….. and primate comes under 78. The family of Mangifera indica is
class……. (1) Anacardiaceae (2) Sapindales
(1) Carnivora, mammalia (3) Poals (4) Muscidae
(2) Diptera, Reptilia 79. Families are characterised
(3) Poals, Reptilia (1) On the basis of vegetative features
(4) Diptera, mammalia (2) On the basis of reproductive features
73. Felidae and canidae are included in the (3) Both a and b
order- (4) On the basis of morphological features.
(1) Carnivora (2) Primata 80. Higher the category……. is the …...of
(3) Diptera (4) Poals determining the relationship to other taxa at
74. Felidae does not have the same level.
(1) Dogs (2) Cats (1) Lesser, difficulty
(3) Tiger (4) Leopard (2) Greater, difficulty
75. Choose the correct from the followings:- (3) More, ease
(1) Mangifera, is a name of species (4) Lesser, ways
(2) Polymoniales, is a name of family 81. Which of the following statements about
(3) Dicotyledonae, is a name of division classification is not true?
(4) Triticum, is a name of genus I. Members of a family are less similar than
76. Match column I with column II for housefly members of an included genus.
classification and select the correct option II. An order has more members than the number
using the codes given below: of members in an included genus.

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III. Families have more members than phyla. termination of names with respect to
IV. The number of species in a taxon depends biological classification of plants?
on their relative degree of similarity. I. Division: - phyta
(1) Only III (2) Only IV II. Class: - opsida
(3) Only II (4) Only I III. Order: - ales
82. What is incorrect for taxonomic hierarchy? IV. Family: - idae
(1) There are 7 obligate and more than 21 (1) I, II, IV
intermediate categories (2) I, II, III
(2) Higher the category, fewer the number of (3) II, III, IV
organism (4) I, II, III, IV
(3) Lower the category, more the number of 87. Order and higher taxon are identified on the
common features basis of-
(4) Greatest similarity in structure is found in (1) Similarities in characters
between members of a species (2) Dissimilarities in characters
83. Which of the following taxonomic categories (3) Aggregates of characters
contains organisms least similar to one (4) Both a and c
another? 88. Which of the following ‘suffixes’ used for
(1) Class units of classification in plants indicates a
(2) Genus taxonomic category of ‘family’?
(3) Family (1) — Ales (2) - Onae
(4) Species (3) — Aceae (4) - Ae
84. Identify the correct match: 89. Which of the following less general in
(1) Felis: canidae characters as compared to genus : -
(2) Datura: Solanaceae (1) Species (2) Division
(3) Petunia: Leguminoceae (3) Class (4) Family
(4) Dogs: Felidae 90. Which arrangement is in correct ascending
85. Match each item in Column I with one item order:
in Column II regarding taxonomic categories (1) Species < genus < order < family
of humans and chose your answer from the (2) Genus < species < family < order
codes given below: (3) Order < family < genus < species
Column I Column II (4) Species < genus < family < order
I. Family (1) Primatata 91. Mark the incorrect one (w.r.t. taxonomic
II. Order (2) Hominidae key)
III. Class (3) Chordata (1) Based on contrasting characters
IV. Phylum (4) Mammalia (2) Generally analytical in nature
Codes: (3) Each statement is called couplet
I II III IV (4) used for identification of plants or animals
(1) 1 2 3 4 92. Animals, dogs and mammals represent
(2) 2 1 4 3 (1) Taxa at different levels
(3) 2 1 3 4 (2) Taxonomic hierarchy
(4) 1 2 4 3 (3) Taxa at equivalent level
86. Which of the following taxonomic categories (4) Categories at equivalent level
are correctly matched to their standard

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93. Study of diversity of organisms and (3) Darjeeling and Lucknow
evolutionary relationship amongst them on (4) Shimla and Dehradun
the basis of all possible characters is called as 99. Select correct match between Column I and
(1) Taxonomy II
(2) Systematics Column I Column II
(3) Alpha-taxonomy (1) As quick referral system (i) Monograph
(4) Phylogeny in taxonomical studies
94. First step of taxonomy is (2) Collection of preserved (ii) Herbaria
(1) Classification plants and animals
(2) Nomenclature (3) Index to the plant species (iii) Museum
(3) Identification found in a particular area
(4) Characterisation (4) Complete information of (iv) Flora
95. Practical purpose of taxonomy or any one taxon
classification is to : (1) a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i)
(1) facilitate the identification of unknown (2) a(ii), b(iii), c(i), d(iv)
species (3) a(iii), b(ii), c(iv), d(i)
(2) explain the origin of organisms (4) a(ii), b(iii), c(iv), d(i)
(3) know the evolutionary history 100. Biologists have established certain
(4) identify medicinal plants procedures and techniques to store and
96. The term ‘systematics’ refers to preserve the information as well as
(1) identification and study of organ systems specimens. Amongst these which one has
(2) identification and preservation of plants and collection of both preserved plant and
animals animal specimens?
(3) diversity of kinds of organisms and their (1) Zoological parks
relationship (2) Herbarium
(4) study of habitats of organisms and their (3) Museum
classification (4) Botanical gardens
97. Biosystematics aims at: - 101. The contrasting characteristics generally in
(1) The classification of organisms based on a pair used for identification of animals in
broad morphological characters Taxonomic Key are referred to as :
(2) Delimiting various taxa of organisms and (1) Lead
establishing their relationships (2) Couplet
(3) The classification of organisms based on (3) Doublet
their evolutionary history and establishing their (4) Alternate
phylogeny on the totality of various parameters 102. The label of a herbarium sheet does not
from all fields of studies carry information on
(4) Identification and arrangement of organisms (1) date of collection
on the basis of cytological characteristics (2) name of collector
98. The Indian Botanical Garden and the (3) local names
National Botanical Research Institute are (4) height of the plant
located respectively at:
(1) Pune and Howrah
(2) Howrah and Lucknow

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103. Match the items given in Column I with 105. Taxonomic key is one of the taxonomic tools
those in Column II and select the correct in the identification and classification of
option given below- plants and animals. It is used in the
Column I Column II preparation of
(1) Herbarium i. It is a place having a (1) monograph
collection of preserved (2) flora
plants and animals. (3) Both (1) and 2.
(2) Key ii. A list that enumerates
(4) None of theses
methodically all the species
found in an area with brief
description aiding
identification.
(3) Museum iii. Is a place where dried
and pressed plant specimens
mounted on sheets is kept.
(4) Catalogue iv. A booklet containing a
list of characters and their
alternates which are helpful
in identification of various
taxa.

(1) a-i b-iv c-iii d-ii

(2) a-iii b-ii c-i d-iv
(3) a-ii b-iv c-iii d-i
(4) a-iii b-iv c-i d-ii
104. Select correct combination of the statements
regarding the taxonomical aids.
(1) Herbaria serve as quick referral systems in
taxonomical studies.
(2) Keys are generally analytical in nature.
(3) Manuals provide the index to the plant
species found in a particular area.
(4) Museums have collections of preserved
animal specimens only, for study and reference.
(1) A, B, C
(2) B, D
(3) A, B
(4) A, C

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