A review journal article (950 words – 1200 words)

"The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity"

introduction: Climate change is one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time, with far-
reaching impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) has warned that global temperatures are likely to rise by 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels by
2030, with potentially catastrophic consequences for the natural world [1]. In this review article, we aim
to explore the impact of climate change on biodiversity, including changes in species distribution,
phenology, and extinction risk. Numerous studies have documented the effects of climate change on
species distribution, with many species shifting their ranges in response to changing temperatures and
precipitation patterns. For example, a study by Parmesan and Yohe found that 63% of species had
shifted their ranges towards the poles or to higher elevations in response to warming temperatures.
Similarly, a study by Chen et al. found that bird species in North America were shifting their ranges
northwards at an average rate of 1.2 km per year. Changes in phenology, or the timing of seasonal
events such as flowering and migration, are another important impact of climate change on biodiversity.
A study by Thackeray et al. found that the timing of spring events such as leaf emergence and bird
migration had advanced by an average of 2.3 days per decade over the past 30 years. Similarly, a study
by Parmesan found that the timing of spring events had advanced by an average of 5.1 days per decade
in Europe. Perhaps the most concerning impact of climate change on biodiversity is the increased risk of
extinction for many species. A study by Thomas et al. found that up to one-third of all species could be
at risk of extinction by 2050 due to climate change. Similarly, a study by Urban et al. found that climate
change was likely to increase extinction risk for many species, particularly those with limited dispersal
ability. In conclusion, climate change is having a profound impact on biodiversity, with changes in
species distribution, phenology, and extinction risk all being observed. As global temperatures continue
to rise, it is essential that we take action to mitigate the impacts of climate change and protect the
natural world for future generations. References: [1] IPCC. (2018). Global

literature review: Social media has become an integral part of modern society, with millions of people
using platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram to connect with others and share their lives.
While social media has many benefits, such as facilitating communication and providing a platform for
self-expression, there is growing concern about its impact on mental health. This literature review aims
to explore the effects of social media on mental health and identify potential risk factors. Several studies
have found a link between social media use and poor mental health outcomes. For example, a study by
Lin et al. [1] found that higher levels of social media use were associated with increased symptoms of
depression and anxiety. Similarly, a study by Woods and Scott found that social media use was
associated with increased feelings of loneliness and social isolation. One potential explanation for these
findings is that social media use can lead to social comparison and feelings of inadequacy. A study by
Fardouly et al. found that exposure to idealized images on social media was associated with increased
body dissatisfaction and negative affect. Similarly, a study by Vogel et al. found that social comparison
mediated the relationship between social media use and depressive symptoms. Another potential risk
factor is cyberbullying. A study by Kowalski et al. found that cyberbullying was associated with increased
symptoms of depression and anxiety. Similarly, a study by Hinduja and Patchin found that victims of
cyberbullying were more likely to experience suicidal ideation. Despite these findings, it is important to
note that social media can also have positive effects on mental health. For example, a study by Ellison et
al. found that social media use was associated with increased social support and decreased feelings of
loneliness. Similarly, a study by Burke et al. found that social media use was associated with increased
self-esteem and positive affect. In conclusion, social media use has both positive and negative effects on
mental health. While social media can provide a platform for self-expression and social support, it can
also lead to social comparison, cyberbullying, and poor mental health outcomes. Future research should
aim to identify strategies for promoting the positive effects of social media while mitigating the negative
effects. References: [1] Lin, L. Y., Sidani, J. E., Shensa, A.,

methods: There are several methods discussed in the article, "A New Machine Learning Framework for
Effective Evaluation of English Education" [1]. These include: 1. ML-assisted personalized learning system
- This method uses machine learning to provide personalized learning materials to learners based on
their personal data and learning goals. The system generates English vocabulary lists and pushes them
to learners following certain recommendation strategies [1, 2]. 2. End-to-end ML method based on deep
learning - This method uses deep learning to optimize the overall performance of the system, rather
than optimizing individual modules separately. The system consists of three modules: the user layer, the
business layer, and the data layer [1, 3]. 3. Theoretical model of transformational learning - This method
is a qualitative-changing learning method that has the features of inclusive, open, and emotionally
reactive. The process of transformational learning is the internal psychological and behavioral
procedures experienced by learners during their transformational learning. The result of
transformational learning is the profound and continuous changes that have taken place [1, 4].
References: [1] Zhang, L. (2021). A New Machine Learning Framework for Effective Evaluation of English
Education. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 16(12), 139-156. [2] Zhang,
L. (2021). A New Machine Learning Framework for Effective Evaluation of English Education. Fig. 8. [3]
Zhang, L. (2021). A New Machine Learning Framework for Effective Evaluation of English Education. Fig.
9. [4] Zhang, L. (2021). A New Machine Learning Framework for Effective Evaluation of English
Education. Fig. 4.

Findings and discussion: As an AI-based evaluation system for English education, the proposed machine
learning framework can effectively evaluate the English education quality of students and teachers.
However, the current situation of English education evaluation informatization faces several problems,
such as flawed planning, incomplete planning of English teaching management informatization,
insufficient investment, shortage of high-quality digital education resources, and insufficient efforts to
promote English education informatization to the management of faculty. To address these problems,
transformational learning can be used to transform teaching ideas, scientific research ideas,
interpersonal relationship ideas, career development ideas, and outlook on life, among others ([1], p.
148-152).