BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

A QUICK OVERVIEW
INTRODUCTION

 “BMS” Stands for Building Management Systems

 Also known as:
1. Building Management and Control Systems “BMCS”
2. Building Automation Systems “BAS”
3. Direct Digital Controls “DDC”
INTRODUCTION

 They are intelligent microprocessor-based controller networks

 Installed to monitor and control building technical systems and services (air
conditioning, ventilation, lighting and hydraulics)
 Availability of integration with all other building services (security, access control,
CCTV, fire, Lifts and other life and safety systems)
 Link functionality of individual building equipment so that they operate as one
complete integrated system
 System can be accessed locally or remotely over the internet, with certain user
access levels and password protections
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
SYSTEM COMPONENTS: DDC COMPONENTS
SYSTEM COMPONENTS: FIELD DEVICES
SYSTEM COMPONENTS: FIELD DEVICES
USER INTERFACE
USER INTERFACE
USER INTERFACE
FUNCTIONS
 Real-time monitoring of building operation and performance
 Fault Management and Alarming
 Time Scheduling of Building Systems
 Energy Management and Reporting with the option of optimization
(controls 40% - 70% of building energy)
 Load-based control of zone parameters (air flow, temperature, pressure,
CO2 level, lighting)
 Handle interaction of components with each other
 Reporting building performance and services stability (charts, pivots)
ENERGY REPORTING
BUILDING WITHOUT BMS
BUILDING WITH BMS
SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION

 Documentation should include:

1. Overview of the building services
2. Network architecture drawing
3. Connected devices and their point type
4. Physical wiring connections
5. Detailed configuration of BMS
6. Detailed BMS control strategies and sequences of operation
SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION
COMPONENTS LIFECYCLE

 BMS field controllers: 15 to 20 years

 Field devices: 15 to 20 years
 BMS computer hardware: 3 to 5 years
 BMS software: 3 to 5 years
TYPES AND SCALABILITY

 Ranges from single controller to hundreds of networked controllers

 A basic LCD display with simple web-based interface through to fully animated
Graphic Operator Workstations
 Basic pre-programmed (canned) control functions to fully customized
programming
 Stand-alone BMS to fully integrated into other building systems
 Each device directly performs its own specialized control
OPEN SYSTEM PROTOCOLS

 System components could be from different manufacturers

 Each manufacturer user interface is used to configure and program their equipment
only
 Connections made between the devices with standard connections
 Data is shared between the devices via standard industry protocols (LONMARK,
BACnet, MODBUS) that ensures interoperability between devices
 Communication between devices (or complete systems) over a data network
without hardwiring, and data is provided for hundreds of points over a single
connection (High Level Interface “HLI”)
SYSTEMS INTEGRATION
LICENSING LIMITATIONS

 Number of points connected to the BMS

 Configuration tools
 Data network limitations
 Restrictions for connected PCs
 Spare capacity for future expansion
PROGRAMMING

 Pre-programmed (canned)
 Text-based
 Graphical-based
 Control loops (Event-driven, Closed loop)
 Standard programming loops (P, P+I, PID)
 Advanced programming loops (focusing on energy efficiency)
CONTROL LOOP TUNING AND OPTIMIZATION

 Loop tuning ensures that the equipment operates in a stable, predictable and
repeatable manner
 Optimization focuses on operating the equipment in the most energy efficient
manner without impacting on the tenant comfort
 The first stage of optimization includes BMS loop tuning
TOP VENDORS
FURTHER READING

 https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/bms-the-basics-
explained.pdf
 https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/bms-advanced-
manangement-improvement-opps.pdf
 https://youtu.be/bhhagWXO5V0
 https://youtu.be/bVmTwySYr6E
 https://youtu.be/1qFom2vqlBA
 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLu0ZfvM3i6VmMR85jaX5Enh5D32-p_d9k