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SOLUTION TO AUDIBLE NOISES FROM

ONE ROOM TO THE OTHER


An Experimental Research
presented to the faculty of Senior Highschool Department
St. Raphael College of Business and Arts INC.
Manuel L. Quezon Ave., Población Uno, Real, Quezon

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in


Research Capstone

OROZCO, PRINCESS JOANNE, P.


ODSINADA, JOHN CEDRIC P.
DELA CRUZ, AMRAPEL,
BRACERO, CIELO,
MAGBANUA, SEAN GRAI,
MERCADO, MARY CHRISTINE,
ISIDRO, JOHNUEL,

Julie Anne Garcia


Research Capstone Adviser

February 2023
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Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

A study about the fast-growing issue of the students and teachers of the

SRCBAI, noise pollution. This was determined by a pre-survey of the researchers.

In this study, we conclude that most of the noises are coming from other rooms

and classes. Which is one of the main sources of the problem. We researchers gathered

data all over the internet, books from the libraries, and other research paper regarding

noise reduction particularly inside of a room. Our study focuses on modern solutions and

ways of reducing noise pollution on St. Raphael College of Business and Arts INC.

(SRCBAI).
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BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The transmission of sound or noise between classrooms or other places in a

school environment can be a significant concern, especially for students who need a quiet

environment to concentrate and learn efficiently. It is essential to have a peaceful

environment in school since excessive noise might negatively affect students' ability to

concentrate and study effectively. When sound or noise from other rooms or outdoors

intrudes on a classroom, it can provide distractions that disrupt students' focus and

attention.

This distraction can result in poor academic performance, poor

comprehension, and poor productivity. This issue can be caused by a variety of

circumstances, including thin walls and insufficient insulation. The purpose of this study

is to investigate the reasons of sound transmission in a school setting and to come up with

practical methods to reduce the influence of noise between classrooms. The goal of this

study is to investigate the reasons of audible sound transmission across classrooms or

other areas in a school context and to investigate practical solutions to lessen its

influence. The study's specific purpose is to find appropriate soundproofing solutions that

can be adopted to limit the transmission of audible sound or noise to the other room.

The researchers intend to concentrate on the specific issue of noise heard

in nearby rooms or spaces, which can be a severe disruption to the learning environment.

The study's goal is to provide schools with evidence-based techniques for reducing the

impact of noise pollution, resulting in a more calm and conducive learning environment

for students.
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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. What are the most common sources of sound transmissions between classrooms in a

school setting?

2. What are the most effective soundproofing method that can be implemented in schools

to reduce the impact of noise pollution?

2.1 How can the background noise be reduced?


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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is aiming on improving the sound/noise barrier across rooms in

the school of St. Raphael College of Business and Arts Inc. (SRCBAI). In this study, the

researchers will determine how the noise across rooms travel to one another. The

researchers will illustrate prototypes on how to reduce the noise pollution. Factors to the

noise pollution will be considered and discussed to reduce the problem. This study will

help students and teachers reduce hearing noise from the other room; hence, create a

more peaceful environment for learning.

The results will be important to the following:

Students: This study will help students focus more on studies; it will give them a reason

to like their surroundings more. Through this research, the students at St. Raphael

College of Business and Arts Inc. (SRCBAI) will not be disturbed by the noise from the

nearby rooms. They will also improve their learning memory because they are no longer

distracted.

Teachers: This will help teachers to teach their students better. Teachers will be more

motivated to teach when there is no noise disturbing them.

Researchers: Future researchers may benefit from this study as it needs more

improvements and a furthermore analysis of the growing issue of noise pollution.


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SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The researchers aim to address the rapidly growing issues regarding noise

pollution emissions. It considers aspects of the respondents’ own experience regarding

the noise pollution in this school; that they encountered inside their respective room. The

study aims to gather data on the level of noise pollution experienced by students. The

goal of this study is to investigate the reasons for audible sound transmissions across

classrooms and other areas in the school context and investigate practical solutions to

lessen its influence. The study’s specific purpose is to find appropriate soundproofing

solutions that can be adopted to limit the transmission of audible sound or noise to the

other room. The researchers intend to concentrate on providing the school with evidence-

based techniques for reducing the impact of noise pollution.

The targeted respondents to this study are the greater population of the school

staff and students. However, it limits its coverage on the 60% of the population of St.

Raphael College of Business and Arts Inc. (SRCBAI). The researchers will only be

targeting a limited number of five hundred forty (540) respondents pertaining to the

faculty members and students. There will be a total of 60% respondents in each class,

MWF schedule and TTHS schedule. This includes batch one (morning classes) and batch

two (afternoon classes) of the said schedules. The respondents in the faculty members are

a total number of XXXX, the researchers will then evaluate this on percentage, and will

only conduct survey on the greater population which is the 60% of respondents. This

research will be conducted at the main building of the St. Raphael College of Business

and Arts Inc. (SRCBAI) located at the Manuel L. Quezon Ave., Población Uno, Real,

Quezon. This study began on the 15th of February year 2023 and will end on XXXX.
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After this study is completed, it will only be available for the use of the school SRCBAI

only.
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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF THE LITTERATURE AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

RELATED LITERATURE

Acoustic Insulation Characteristics and Optimal Design of Membrane-Type Metamaterials


Loaded with Asymmetric Mass Blocks

Sound insulation has been extensively researched as a key noise reduction

technique since noise pollution has long been a severe issue. Designing a thick and strong

sound insulation structure is important to efficiently block low-frequency noise. As a

result, a research focus has been established on how to achieve high-performance sound

insulation while maintaining lightweight (Zhou et al., 2019). In recent years, the

emergence of acoustic metamaterials has opened a new path for low-frequency noise

insulation (Xiao et al., 2012).

Theoretical research on calculating the transmission loss of MAMs has achieved

certain results. Zhang et al. (2012) firstly proposed an analytical model, which simplifies

the mass block into the form of additional surface density loaded on the membrane and

solves the vibration behavior of the membrane via the Galerkin method. Later, Chen et al.

(2014) proposed a point-matching method, which discretizes the force of the mass block

into a series of point forces to change the solved equation into a nonlinear form and

makes the result more accurate. By using a generalized linear eigenvalue problem to

solve the coupled system's eigenfrequency and eigenvector based on Chen's

methodology, Langfeldt et al. (2015) were able to significantly cut the calculation time

for calculating the sound transmission loss. This technique is also applicable to MAMs of

any shape and with any number of masses.


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How To Soundproof a Room from The Outside Noise

According to Thomas Bruhl, most of the outside noise that’s bothering you is

what we call airborne noise. Airborne noise is created when sound travels through the air.

A good example of this is the music playing from a stereo. The sound of music basically

“floats” in the air until it reaches your ears. That’s how you can hear it. In practice, the

sound makes the air vibrate, and sound waves travel through those vibrations. Your ears

also pick those vibrations and translate them into the sound you hear. And so, the sounds

of dogs barking outside are nothing but the vibrations of the air that you hear. The same

goes for car horns, engine roar, emergency sirens, people’s conversations, music blasting

from car stereos, and almost every other sound that you hear outside. Since airborne

outside noise travels through the air, it enters the room in the same way as the air enters

it. Since these noises travel through the air, the best way to soundproof them is by putting

something in their path. First, you need to seal and block any means for the sound to get

in then, you need to limit the walls vibrations. And finally, you need to ensure that

whatever vibrations still occur do not travel from surface to surface until they reach your

room.

With these there will also be stages which you should follow to be able to

soundproof a room from the outside or nearby rooms. This is connected to our topic

because what is also being discussed here is the noise inside and outside the room, how to

realize the problem of noise that should not be heard in the other room. There are also

some steps here, how to deal with the noise problem in the other room, and there are tools

that can be used on the wall.


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Assessment of noise pollution exposure to elementary students: a case in Argao,

Cebu, Philippines

According to Mary Ellen Camarilloa et. al., that noise pollution has a negative

impact on children's learning outcomes during critical developmental stages, making it a

crucial aspect of the learning environment. The study assessed schools near a national

highway in the Philippines, which exposed children to noise levels exceeding the World

Health Organization's recommended level of 35 decibels. Using a questionnaire and a

Sound Level Meter, the researchers evaluated the students' exposure to noise and

analyzed significant relationships and differences between variables using SPSS v16.0.

Noise is defined as unwanted or disturbing sound that interferes with the activities

of daily life. It can originate from a variety of sources, both natural and man-made. The

World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that background sound levels (BSL) in

classrooms should not exceed 35 decibels (dB) to ensure optimal learning conditions for

students. Excessive noise levels above 75 dB can lead to negative effects such as

irritation, aggression, and sleep disruption (Basner et al., 2014; WHO, 1999). Therefore,

noise pollution is a serious environmental concern that can impact human health and

well-being. The impact of noise on children's learning outcomes in schools is a critical

issue. According to Camarilloa et al. (2018), noise levels in some schools located near

national highways exceed the WHO's recommended level of 35 decibels, which

negatively affects students' attentiveness and well-being. Noise pollution can cause

hearing loss, stress, high blood pressure, and interfere with spoken communication, as

highlighted in the WHO's Community Noise Guidelines (WHO, 1999). Furthermore,

noise can impair cognitive functions such as reading attention, problem- solving,
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memory, and communication skills, resulting in decreased motivation and higher error

rates. Therefore, it is essential for school districts to consider the potential dangers of

traffic pollution and choose locations away from main roads or truck routes (EPA, 2011).

Unwanted loud noises, also known as noise pollution, plague the Philippines' learning

environments available to students. Several sound monitoring sessions conducted

recently in diverse learning environments in Northern Mindanao and Western Visayas

found that continuous and individual BSLs exceeded the permitted range, reaching levels

considered detrimental to the ear by audiologists. Scientific findings have established that

noise pollution poses threats to human health and the learner's cognitive abilities. There

had been some studies into the detrimental impact of constant environmental noise on the

environment. Despite this, there have been few reports on schoolchildren's academic

performance and achievements. Four elementary schools situated near the highway in

Argao were selected for a study on noise pollution's impact on children, as they are more

susceptible to its harmful effects and cannot control their environment. Despite the

highway's notorious status as a major contributor to noise pollution worldwide, no noise

concerns or complaints have been raised in the vicinity. The researchers aimed to

evaluate the noise levels in the area and identify their potential impact on the children

based on the presented facts and issues. The study highlights the negative impact of noise

pollution on children's learning outcomes during critical developmental stages, which

makes it an important aspect of the learning environment. The researchers evaluated the

noise levels in four selected elementary schools near a national highway in the

Philippines and found that the students were exposed to noise levels exceeding the World

Health Organization's recommended level of 35 decibels. Excessive noise levels can lead
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to negative effects such as irritation, aggression, and sleep disruption, which can impair

cognitive functions such as reading attention, problem-solving, memory, and

communication skills. The study emphasizes the need for school districts to consider the

potential dangers of traffic pollution and choose locations away from main roads or truck

routes.

Turn down unwanted noise for better condo living.

(NC) If noise is keeping you awake and disrupting the peace and comfort of your

home, you're not alone. Condo and town- house living offer plenty of benefits, but

proximity can come with one big downside - noise. We've all heard horror stories about

music, television and even conversations seeping through condo walls. In fact, the second

most common cause of litigation regarding new construction is noise issues.

Fortunately, noise can easily be addressed in new construction, but most

developers design their builds to meet building code for sound attenuation and not exceed

it. That is often not enough, which is why noise issues are the reason behind many home

renovations. The National Building Code of Canada provides minimum specifications for

air- borne sound insulation, which is the ability for adjoining walls to block sound trans-

mission. There was no requirement in the Building Code for sound transmission prior to

2010. Since then, a minimum STC (Sound Transmission Class) of 50 has been required.

Adjacent unit walls, floors and ceilings in multi-family buildings must have a rating of 47

STC.

Some of the floor noise in your own home can be reduced with carpeting and area

rugs, but minimum standards for the walls may not eliminate sounds from adjoining
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homes. Simple soundproof ing suggestions include sealing any gaps between units, such

as those around the edges of walls, with acoustical caulking. Bookcases full of books and

paintings or wall-hangings on adjoining walls will also help to muffle noise but there are

other soundproofing options that can give you a more effective and permanent solution

for walls and ceilings. Samantha Pynn, celebrity designer, stylist and HGTV host, is

currently working on a condo that has major sound issues. "It's important to be able to

relax and shut out the rest of the world at home. Noise can affect your work and quality

of life and abil- ity to have a good night's sleep."

Pynn has chosen to use Sonopan with NoiseStop Technology. The standard 4-by-

8 panels feature cavities with varying di- mensions and depths on each side that absorb a

wide range of frequencies and reduce the transmission of sound and vi- brations.

"The panels are lightweight and sim- ple to install behind drywall and can be

installed by either a homeowner or renovation professional. I also like that the product is

made in Canada and environ- mentally friendly because it's made from recycled wood

and are totally recyclable." Don't allow unwanted noise to disturb the tranquility of your

home. A renovation expert can use a metre to calculate the level of noise and its sources.

That test should help you decide the best solution for your noise problem.

Acoustic Insulation
ARMACELL is a manufacturer company and supplier of industrial foams and

flexible insulation materials, based in Luxembourg. In this brochure they give a lot of

information and ideas regarding to sound insulation, creating a quiet environment and

highly performance materials they recommend. Noise has become one of the greatest
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environmental problems of our times. Whether at work, in public buildings or in the

home hardly anything disturbs us as much as noise. Although the acoustic insulation on

external structural elements may be good, annoying noises inside the building can greatly

impair the quality of life. It is therefore essential that noise protection measures are

consistently planned and properly carried out, both when constructing new buildings and

when modernizing existing ones.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every third European is

bothered by noise. The WHO has identified a considerable number of specific adverse

health effects caused by environmental noise. Neighbor noise is listed as the second most

frequent source of annoyance, topped only by traffic noise. Based on statistics on

populations and findings from noise annoyance surveys, it can be assumed that more than

50 million Europeans are exposed to neighbor noise that adversely affects their quality of

life. The effects can be medical conditions, but also sleep disturbance, stress, etc.

Nowadays, occupants are much more sensitive. Sounds that were not perceived as

annoying, but simply accepted in multi-family houses twenty or thirty years ago, are

today regarded as ‘unacceptable disturbance’ and lead to problems amongst the residents.

In a study carried out in the Netherlands, respondents were least tolerant of noise from

their neighbors that was audible in the bedroom at night. Almost 20 % of respondents

perceived noise from the building service equipment as being especially annoying. This

broucher brings data that will be useful in our study topic, the soundproof. It indicates the

importance of noise control. And every possible thing and factor making noises. In the

end of the broucher, ARMACELL promotes their products for its flexibility and

effectiveness. Bringing everyone a noise-free environment for their space.


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Legal control of noise pollution in India: A critical evaluation

According to Mr. Ranjit Singh noise is a consequence of everything that we do. It

forms part of our everyday background and for the most part we just accept it or at least

tolerate it. Nevertheless, noise has the capacity to cause conflict between those who are

generating it and those who hear it but do not wish to. So, Noise pollutant has become a

great nuisance these days. It is spreading so fast that it has started polluting the

environment of society.

Noise and human civilization will always go together. Noise is one of the main

pollutants causing the most hazardous consequences for human life. Excessive noise is an

inescapable product of the industrial environment which is increasing very fast with the

advancement in industrialization. Noise is an unwanted, unpleasant, and annoying sound

caused by vibration of the matter. Vibrations impinge on the ear drum of a human or

animal and set up a nervous disturbance, which we call sound. When the effects of sound

are undesirable that it may be termed as "Noise." Noise from industry, traffic, homes and

recreation can cause annoyance, disturb sleep and affect health. Thus, sound is a

potentially serious pollutant and threat to environmental health.

Noise pollution is a serious threat to public health and welfare. Noise is a major

health hazard. Noise is a stressor on the human body. It causes "fight to flight" syndrome,

releasing cortical and other harmful chemicals into the water stream. Overtime, these

chemicals build up in the body, leading to a host of health problems, including

cardiovascular disease, aggression, Chronic fatigue, headaches, high blood pressure,


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mental illness, and anxiety. In addition, a growing body of evidence confirms that noise

pollution has both temporary and permanent effects on the endocrine and autonomic

nervous systems. The effects of noise, its intensity and sources are shown in the

following table.

The study concluded that there are six factors which affects the continuance of

noise pollution. The first one is urbanization. Urbanization is the main factor responsible

for noise pollution. Due to rapid growth of Urbanization the problem of noise pollution

increases day by day. Due to urbanization the problem of noise pollution has emerged as

one the serious problems and it has become a serious challenge to the quality of life of

the people in most of the countries. The second factor is industrialization.

Industrialization is the major factor of noise pollution in India. Due to rapid growth in

industrialization and advancement of science and technology the problem of noise

pollution has become a serious problem and serious challenge to the quality of life of the

people in India. Growth in population is one of the reasons why noise pollution is

growing day by day in residential area. Poverty & Illiteracy are one of the factors due to

poverty and illiteracy, people are not much aware about effects & control of noise

pollution. Thus, poverty and illiteracy are a great factor which leads to noise pollution.

Non-Cooperation of Governmental Agencies may be one of the biggest reasons why

noise pollution exists.

The governmental agencies are not much aware to implement the laws to control

noise pollution. It is the duty of the law enforcing agencies to implement the law to

control noise pollution but instead of this they are not much aware about the serious
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problems of noise pollution. The last factor discussed by Ranjit Singh is the Customs,

Festivals or Religious Ceremonies. Religious and social functions and other festivities

including mela's, playgrounds, political gathering, offering of Prayers, etc are the main

factors responsible for noise-pollution.

LEGAL BASIS: International and Local

42 U.S. CODE § 4901 - CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND STATEMENT OF

POLICY

1. The Congress finds—

• that inadequately controlled noise presents a growing danger to the health and welfare

of

the Nation’s population, particularly in urban areas.

• that the major sources of noise include transportation vehicles and equipment,

machinery,

appliances, and other products in commerce; and

• that, while primary responsibility for control of noise rests with State and local

governments, Federal action is essential to deal with major noise sources in commerce.

control of which require national uniformity of treatment.

2. The Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States to promote an

environment for

all Americans free from noise that jeopardizes their health or welfare. To that end, it is

the purpose of this chapter to establish a means for effective coordination of Federal

research and activities in noise control, to authorize the establishment of Federal noise
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emission standards for products distributed in commerce, and to provide information to

the public respecting the noise emission and noise reduction characteristics of such

products.

(Pub. L. 92–574, § 2, Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1234.)

European Union: Environmental Noise Directive (END) (2015)

Annex II of the Directive describes the common EU methods for calculating

exposure to different noise levels. These methods comprise a set of formulas and

coefficients to be used to calculate noise levels at the façade of the buildings. The

common methods were adopted through a revision of Annex II in 2015 and improved

further in 2020.

Annex III of the Environmental Noise Directive describes the methods for

calculating the burden of disease caused by exposure to specific noise levels. The

methods include dose-effect relations for a set of health endpoints such as cardiovascular

disease, annoyance, and sleep disturbance. Annex III was revised in 2020 following the

latest scientific review of the health effects of noise that is being performed by the WHO.

United Kingdom: The Education (Acoustic Standards) (England) Regulations

2012

23D. The standard in this paragraph is met if the proprietor ensures that the acoustic

conditions and sound insulation of each room or other space are suitable, having regard to

the nature of the activities which normally take place therein.

SENATE BILL NO. 842


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AN ACT TO REGULATE NOISE POLLUTION BY CREATING THE NOISE

POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD (NPCB), PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFORE AND

FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Noise pollution takes place when there is an excessive amount of noise or an

unpleasant sound that tends to disrupt the natural rhythm of life. Noise pollution is an

environmental hazard and should not be ignored because of its alarming effect on human

health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one of the various adverse

health WHO added that sudden and unexpected noise had been observed to produce

market changes in the body, such as increased blood pressure, heart rate, and muscular

contractions. Other impacts of noise pollution on Human health and well-being are

annoyance, sleep disturbance, and interference with communication, performance, and

social behavior effects. Be it enacted by the senate and house of Representatives of the

Republic of the Philippines in congress assembled.

Section 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the “Noise Pollution Control and

Abatement Act.”

Section 2. Declaration of policy. - It I hereby declared the policy of the state to protect

and promote the right to health, safety, and general welfare of the people by providing

them an environment free from environmental noise due to economic development and

modern technology that disrupt the natural rhythm of life. 

Section 12. Prohibited Acts. – Any person who willfully make or continue, or cause to be

made or continued, any loud, unnecessary and unusual noise which disturbs the Pease of

quiet of any neighborhood or which causes discomfort or annoyance to any reasonable


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person of normal sensitiveness residing in the area shall be liable for noise pollution and

punishable under this Act.

Section 14. Formulation of a comprehensive Anti-Noise Pollution Program. – There shall

be a comprehensive program to be formulated by the Department of Environmental and

Natural Resources, Department of Health, and Department of Public Works and

Highways, in coordination with other concerned government agencies and private

entities, within one (1) Year from the effectivity of this Act

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 386


AN ACT TO ORDAIN AND INSTITUTE THE CIVIL CODE OF THE

PHILIPPINES

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 386 Chapter 1, Article no. 26

Every person shall respect the dignity, personality, privacy, and peace of mind of

his neighbors and other people. The following and similar acts, though they may not

constitute a criminal offense, shall produce a cause of action for damages, prevention,

and other relief:

Republic ACT NO. 386 Section 8, Article no. 682, Article 683

Article no. 682

Every building or piece of land is subject to the easement which prohibits the proprietor

or possessor from committing nuisance through noise, jarring, offensive odor, smoke,

heat, dust, water, glare and other causes.

Article no. 683


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Subject to zoning, health, police and other laws and regulations, factories and shops may

be maintained provided the least possible annoyance is caused to the neighborhood.

Republic ACT NO. 386, Title VIII Article 694, Article 695, Article 696

Nuisance (n)

ARTICLE 694.

A nuisance is any act, omission, establishment, business, condition of property, or

anything else which:

(1) Injures or endangers the health or safety of others; or

(2) Annoys or offends the senses; or

(3) Shocks, defies, or disregards decency or morality; or

(4) Obstructs or interferes with the free passage of any public highway or street, or any

body of water; or

(5) Hinders or impairs the use of property.

ARTICLE 695. Nuisance is either public or private. A public nuisance affects a

community or neighborhood or any considerable number of persons, although the extent

of the annoyance, danger or damage upon individuals may be unequal. A private

nuisance is one that is not included in the foregoing definition.

ARTICLE 696.
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Every successive owner or possessor of property who fails or refuses to abate a nuisance

in that property started by a former owner or possessor is liable therefore in the same

manner as the one who created it.


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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
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Research Hypothesis
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Definition of Terms
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Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
Research Design/ Research Method
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The Sample
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Materials/ The Instrument(s)/


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Equipment/ Apparatus and Utensils


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Intervention
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Data Collection Procedure/ Procedure


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Training of Panelist
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Evaluation of the Products


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Plan for Data Analysis


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Statistical Treatment
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Chapter 4
PRESENTATION OF DATA
Tabulation of Data
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Analysis of Data
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Re-conceptualized Framework
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Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY
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Conclusion
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Recommendations
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References
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Curriculum Vitae
I. Personal Data

II. Educational Qualifications

III. Honors/ Awards Received


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TIMELINE

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