INFORMATION SHEET

Manual
Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

1. Explain the forms and functions of state and non-state institutions.

STATE

Is an organized political community acting under a government and united by

common set of laws. It uses absolute power in directing the path of a society. It
also uses complete political coerciveness, which may come in the form of armed
forces personnel, stricter laws, and rigid government policies in order to attain its
societal goals and objectives.

The state intends to be a strong actor in the performance of the three important
political functions. The state, in full form,

1. maintains control over violence in its domain

2. allocate resources and rewards at its discretion, and
3. stands as the major focus of identity for the large majority of the people under
its authority.

Elements of the states

1. Population- it is the people who make the state. Population is essential for
the state. Without population there can be no state.

2. Territory- there can be no state without a fixed territory. People need

territory to live and organize themselves socially and politically. It may be
remembered that the territory of the states includes land, water and
airspace.

3. Government- it is the organization or machinery or agency of the state

which makes, implements, enforces, and adjudicates the laws of the state.

4. Sovereignty- it is the most exclusive elements of state. Without sovereignty

no state can exist. State has the exclusive title and prerogative to exercise
supreme power over all its people and territory. It is the basis which the
state regulates all aspects of the life of the people living in its territory.

Date Developed: Document No.:MMA-UCSP

December 05, Issued by:
QUARTER 2 2022
Mary Mediatrix of
MODULE 7 on All Graces
Page |1
UCSP Developed by: Academy, Inc.
MMA QA JENEVIE S.
SARMILLO
Revision:
SYSTEM
 Forms of States

- States come in a variety of forms that vary on who holds power, how
positions of leadership are obtained, and how authority is maintained. These
are:

1. Authoritarian Government- differ in who holds power and in how control

they assume over those who govern. An example of this types is Monarchy.

Example: Monarchy- Is a form of government in which supreme power is

absolutely lodged with an individual, who is the head of the state, often for life
or until abdication. The person who heads a monarchy is called a monarch.
Some monarchs hold unlimited political powers while many constitutional
monarchies, such as the United Kingdom and Thailand. Currently, 44 nations
in the world have monarch as head of the state.

Totalitarianism- is a political system that strives to regulate nearly every

aspect of public and private life. It theoretically permits no individual freedom
and that seeks to subordinate all aspects of individual life to the authority of the
state. Modern examples of totalitarian states include the Soviet Union under
Joseph Stalin, Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler, the People’s Republic of China
under Mao Zedong, and North Korea under the Kim Dynasty.

2. Oligarchic Government- an oligarchy is a form of government in which

power effectively rests with a small- elite segment of society distinguished by
royalty, wealth, family, military, or religious hegemony. An oligarchy does not
have one clear ruler, but several powerful people who rule. One common
example is theocracy.

Example: Theocracy- is a government by divine guidance or by official who are

regarded as divinely guided. Leaders are members of the clergy, and the state’s
legal system is based on religious law. Contemporary examples of theocracies
include Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the Vatican.

3. Democracy- is a form of government in which the right to governs is held by

the majority of citizens within a country or a state. The two principle of
democracy are that all citizens have equal access to power and that all citizens
enjoy universally recognized freedoms and liberties. People can either became
country leaders through electoral process or elect leaders who represent the
core values and beliefs. There are 99 democratic nations globally. Examples of
democratic nations are Philippines, Norway, New Zealand, United States of
America, Canada, Columbia, Italy, and South Africa.

Date Developed: Document No.:MMA-UCSP

December 05, Issued by:
QUARTER 2 2022
Mary Mediatrix of
MODULE 7 on All Graces
Page |2
UCSP Developed by: Academy, Inc.
MMA QA JENEVIE S.
SARMILLO
Revision:
SYSTEM
 STATE INSTITUTIONS

1. Executive branch- Is comprised of the President and Vice President who

are chosen by direct popular vote and fulfill a term of six years. The
constitution grants the President authority to appoint his cabinet. These
departments form a large portion of the country's bureaucracy.

2. Legislative branch- Can make laws, alter, and reverse them through the
power bestowed in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided
into the Senate and the House of Representatives.

3. Judiciary branch- Maintains the power to resolve disputes concerning

rights that legally demandable and enforceable. This branch decides
whether there has been a serious abuse of judgement amounting to lack
or excess of authority on the part and instrumentality of the government.
It is made up of a Supreme court and lower courts.

Date Developed: Document No.:MMA-UCSP

December 05, Issued by:
QUARTER 2 2022
Mary Mediatrix of
MODULE 7 on All Graces
Page |3
UCSP Developed by: Academy, Inc.
MMA QA JENEVIE S.
SARMILLO
Revision:
SYSTEM
 Non-state Institutions
- are people and/ or organization that participate in international affairs and
relations but are not affiliated with any state or nation.

These nonstate institutions include the following:

a) BANKS- is a financial institution licensed to provide several financial

services to different types of customers. Banks are in operation mainly for
their deposits and lending functions. Costumers are allowed to deposit their
money to banks which grow through an interest rate. Banks also provide
loans, with an interest to customers who need money either for personal
consumption or for investment and businesses. Banks may be categorized
into major forms such as commercial banks and investment banks.

b) Corporation- it is a form of business operation that declares the business

as a separate entity guided by a group of officers known as the board of
Directors. They were created by individuals, stockholders or shareholders,
with the purpose of operating for profit. They have all legal rights of an
individual, except for the right to vote and certain limitations. They are
given the right to exist by the state that issues their charter.

Common types of Corporation

 For- profit- entities form most corporation, and they are formed to generate
revenues and provide a return to their shareholders, according to their
percentage of ownership in the corporation.

 Not- for- profit- entities operate under the category of charitable

organizations, which are dedicated to a particular social cause such as
educational, religious, scientific, or research purposes. Rather than
distribute revenue’s to shareholders, not- for- profit organizations use their
revenues to further their objectives. Human rights campaign is a very
impressive example of using Facebook profile photos to spread the word far
and wide about campaign.

c) Cooperatives- are people- centers enterprises owned, controlled and run by

and for their members to realize their common economic, social, and cultural
needs and aspirations.

Date Developed: Document No.:MMA-UCSP

December 05, Issued by:
QUARTER 2 2022
Mary Mediatrix of
MODULE 7 on All Graces
Page |4
UCSP Developed by: Academy, Inc.
MMA QA JENEVIE S.
SARMILLO
Revision:
SYSTEM
 d) Trade Unions/ labor Unions- are organizations formed by workers from
related fields that work for common interest of its members. They help workers
in issues like fairness of pay, good working environment, hours of work and
benefits.

Self-check

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on
your answer sheet.

1. What political term refers as a sovereign actor with a central government ruling
over population and territory?

a. Banks b. Government c. State d. Trade unions

2. What is the primary form of economic subsistence of a state?

a. Agricultural b. Banking c. Foraging d. Market exchange

3. What form of business operation declares the business as separate entity guided
by a group of officers known as the Board of Directors?

a. Cooperatives b. Corporation c. International Government d. Trade Unions

4. What happens if the non-state institutions interfere with the government?

a. Conflict and tensions may arise

b. Equal context of political and economic development
c. Equitable health and social development will be distributed
d. Non-state organization provides support and assistance through organized
frameworks

5. Which of the following functions is not a functions of trade unions?

a. Fights for social welfare for workers

b. Advocation for fairness and equality for worker’s compensations
c. Trade unions will organize strikes and demonstrations on behalf of worker
demands
d. Support local and international groups to localize the implementation of
international policies

Date Developed: Document No.:MMA-UCSP

December 05, Issued by:
QUARTER 2 2022
Mary Mediatrix of
MODULE 7 on All Graces
Page |5
UCSP Developed by: Academy, Inc.
MMA QA JENEVIE S.
SARMILLO
Revision:
SYSTEM
 Self-check

Directions: TRUE OR FALSE.

Write True if the statement is correct and false if the statement is incorrect. Write
your answer on your answer sheet.

1. The state uses absolute power to attain societal goals and objectives.
2. Being a citizen of a state, everyone is entailing the enjoyment of certain
privileges that are called rights.
3. A cooperative has a primary role of promoting labor welfare.
4. One of the most important roles of banks is to translate agreed- upon
values into rights and obligation.
5. Most trade unions aim to promote the practice of democracy among
societies.

Directions: Fill in the box. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

1. 2. 3.

4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9.

10. 11. 12. 13.

14.
15. 16.
17. 18. 19.

20.

Date Developed: Document No.:MMA-UCSP

December 05, Issued by:
QUARTER 2 2022
Mary Mediatrix of
MODULE 7 on All Graces
Page |6
UCSP Developed by: Academy, Inc.
MMA QA JENEVIE S.
SARMILLO
Revision:
SYSTEM
 Date Developed: Document No.:MMA-UCSP
December 05, Issued by:
QUARTER 2 2022
Mary Mediatrix of
MODULE 7 on All Graces
Page |7
UCSP Developed by: Academy, Inc.
MMA QA JENEVIE S.
SARMILLO
Revision:
SYSTEM