KUWAIT NATIONAL PETROLEUM CO. (K.S.C.) STANDARD SPECIFICATION NO. 40A3 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENT FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT THIS IS ARECORD OF ALL REVISIONS TO THE STANDARD. THE NATURE OF REVISION IS BRIEFLY NOTED UNDER REMARKS, REV.| DATE | APPROVAL | PAGES REMARKS 2 0ansi64 ALL [AS EXISTING 7) 021796 24 |PARAGRAPH # 5.9(1), LINES 6 & 9, THE FIGURE 20 FEET WAS REVISED TO 15 FEET,STANDARD SPECIFICATION NO. 40A3 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS POR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KUWAIT NATIONAL PETROLEUM COMPANY (K.S.C.)Page 2 Rev. 1 Date: “Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOr ENGINEERED EOUIFRES® KNPC ENG STD 40A3 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 2 GENERAL 4 SCOPE 4 ‘VENDOR 4 PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION 5 STRUCTURAL STEEL 5 COLD FORMED STEEL 6 STEEL SHELLS 7 STRUCTURAL ALUMINUM 7 APPLICABLE REGULATIONS 7 HANDLING 7 2 8 DEAD LOAD 8 OPERATING LOAD 8 LIVE LOAD 8 TEST LOAD 8 +5 IMPACT 9 2.6 VIBRATION 9 2.7 LIFTING EQUIPMENT 9 2.8 WIND LOADS 10 2.9 EARTHQUAKE LOADS iL 2.10 OTHER LOADS 12 2.11 LOAD COMBINATIONS 12 3° FOUNDATION: ANCHORAGE 15 3.1 ANCHOR BOLTS 15 3.2 BEARING ON CONCRETE 16 4° STEEL STACKS 16 4.1 SCOPE 16 +2 DESIGN 16 4.3 CROSS WIND VIBRATION 7 4.4 OVALLING 19 4.5 BASE CONNECTION 20 4.6 OPENINGS 20 4.7, FABRICATION TOLERANCES 22 4.8 WELDING 22STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 LADDERS AND FIXED BOLTS PLATE PLATE PLATE PLATE PLATE PLATE, PLATE PLATE PLATE PLATE PLATE PLATE PLATFORMS MATERIALS DRAWINGS LADDERS. 1 2 3 4 STAIRS 5 STANDARD RAILING 6 CIRCULAR PLATFORMS 7 RECTANGULAR PLATFORMS 8 AUXILIARY ESCAPE 9 CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS 20 SHOP ASSEMBLY 11 PINISH 12 CONNECTIONS 13 14 SHOP PAINTING L 1A 2 6 9 on i 1B 13 16 35 40 FORM 299 FORM 300 Page 3 Rev. 1 Date: Nov2 1996 KNPC ENG STD 40A3 PAGE 23 23 24 24 25 25 25 26 26 26 27 27 27 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 35a 36 37 38 39 40 41Page 4 Rev, 1 Date: Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS ERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 FOR EN 1 «GENERAL lel SCOPE (1) This specification supplements other specifications for fabricated proc: equipment, and certain mechanical, electrical, and solids handling equipment. It covers certain requirements for loads and foundation anchorage, plus tailed requirements for ladders, platforms, handrails, and stairs. It also gives design and construction criteria for steel stacks and for structural elements which do not resist internal pressure. Where the equipment commodity specification calls for design in accordance with industry standards euch as ASME Co or an API or ANSI Standard, the requi: ents given here are in addition to the industry standards (2) Vendor's documentation, drawings, data, etc, shall be in English and basically in the Imperial units. Fabrication of equipment in the Metric system 1s acceptable provided that the dimensions on the drawings are in Imperial units, followed by the Metric equivalent enclosed in brackets. (3) Structu: vequirements for some equipment are specified elsewhere. ‘The following specifications govern the equipment named. Specification Tit: KNPC Eng Std Structural Requirements for Vertical Vessels 40A4 Structural Requirements for Horizontal Vessels and Heat Exchangers 40A5 Structural Requirements for Storage Tanks 4OR6 162 VENDOR ‘The term Vendor as used here means the party with whom KNPC or its approved representative has contracted to furnish material or servic The term applies to the manufacturer, fabricator, or erector ~ and whether he is a seller or contractor.Page 5 Rev, 1 Date: Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGT! Led Egg: a KNPC ENG STD 40,3 PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION a) (2) The design of structural framework and supports for engineered equipment shall be made under the supervision of a professional engineer qualified in structural engineering. Structural drawings and calculations bearing nis signature shall be submitted to KNPC or its approved representative for review prior to fabrication. of items requiring this submittal are the framework and supports for boll heaters, air cooled exchangers, 4 cooling towers. Other examples are stacks, dust collectors, scrubbers, electrostatic precipitatore, and the supports for bins and conveyors. Ors, and STRUCTURAL STEEL ay (2) Except for cylindrical or conical shells, all structural steel design and construction shall conform to the Specification for Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings by the American Institute of Stee) Construction, AISC. Structural steel work shall be furnished in accordance with the AISC Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges. ‘The AISC Design Specification may be used up to AS0°P. For temperatures between 150 and 650°F, the modulus of elasticity, yiela point, and tensile strength of steels ahal) be reduced. ‘These values ahall be reduced linearly from normal at 150°P to 90 percent of normal at 650°F. The AISC allowable str which depend on these values require & like reduction.Page 6 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40a3 (3) Special consideration shall be given to the designing of structural steel where temperatures may exceed 650°F. In such cases, consideration shall be given to the problems of creep, creep buckling, accelerated corrosion, and changes in metallurgy. The design shall retain the same safety and reliability inherent to the AISC Design Specification. And in no case shall the stresses exceed the following. a 60 percent of yield strength at the elevated temperature in tension and compression or 40 percent in shear b 40 percent of rupture etrength at the elevated temperature in compression © 90 percent of the average stress producing creep rupture in 100,000 hours at the elevated temperature 4 The average stre: te of 0.01 per: condary creep .000 houre COLD FORMED STEEL The design of cold-formed steel shall conform to the following specifications by the American Iron and Steel Institute. Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Member: Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed stainl Steel Structural Members,Page 7 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 1.6 STEEL SHELLS This paragraph applies to cylindrical or conical steel shelle for stacks, equipment support skirts, and other items which are not covered by the ASME Code or an API or ANSI Standard. Such shells of carbon steel shall be designed using the allowable atresses given on Plate 40. Allowable stres: for materials and temperatures not covered by Plate 40 shall accord with Paragraph UG-23b of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1. No increase in allowable stress shall be taken for wind loads. Fabrication tolerances, welding, and d inspection shall conform to the section of this specification titled STEEL STACKS. STRUCTURAL ALUMINUM ‘The design, fabrication, and assembly of structural aluminum s} 1 conform to Specifications for Aluminum Structures, Aluminum Construction Manual, Section 1, of the Aluminum Association. Where dimensional construction tolerances are not called for by the Aluminum Association, the AISC Code of Standard Practice shall govern. APPLICABLE REGULATIONS (2) ‘The Vendor shall conform to all appt: national, state, and local ordinanc: (2) Kuwait National Petroleum Company or ite approved representative reserves the right to Anspect the Vendor's materials and workmanship at all tim HANDLING ALL equipment ehall be of sufficient strength and rigidity for normal handling. Before shipment, the supplier shall install sufficient permanently attached braces, struts or lifting lugs to permit handling and erection at the jobsite with conventional cranes and slings without damage to the equipment. KNPC or its approved representative may indicate specific lifting requirements in the commodity specification.Page 8 Rev. 1 Dates Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 2 LOADS. 2.1 DEAD LOAD ‘The dead load is the weight of the equipment, its supports, platforms, piping, ducts, gallery and other permanent attachments. 2.2 OPERATING LOAD ‘The operating load for process equipment, piping, and conveyors is the maximum weight of the contents during operating conditions. Forces of thermal expansion or contraction shall also be considered as operating loads. 2.3 LIVE LOAD (1) Live load is defined as the load produced by personnel, movable equipment, toole, and other items that may be placed on, but are not permanently attached to the piece of equipment and its accessori: ‘The minimum live load values for the following items are in pounds per square foot. Stairways 100 Operating platforms and walkways 75 Storage, determine from use but 125 never leas than (2) All stair framing and operating platform Members shall also be designed to support their @ead load plus a moving concentrated load of 1000 pounds. Ladder framing and rungs shall be designed to support a concentrated load of 300 pounds. Railings, including their connections, shall be designed to withatand a minimum concentrated load of 200 pounds applied at any point and in any @irection. 2.4 ‘TEST LOAD The test load shall be the weight of the water required to completely fill a vessel, hopper, or bin for the hydrostatic test.Page 9 Rev. 1 Date: Nov 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 2.5 2.6 2.7 IMPACT For structural elements carrying live loade that cause impact, the live load, unless otherwise specified by KNPC, shall be increased as follows. PERCENTAGE STRUCTURAL ELEMENT INCREASE. divcranes and hoists 25 ‘Trolley beans 25 Reciprocating machinery supports 50 Supports for rotating machinery 20 VIBRATION Equipment shall be designed to withstand the effect Of any identified vibration forc The Vendor shall define vibratory loads inherent to his equipment. KuPC or its authorized representative will specify any other vibratory loads which must be considered. LIFTING EQUIPMENT Jiboranes, davits, booms, and their supports shall be designed for th expected to lige, pL cent for impact, plus 100 percent for a possible single pulley pull on lead lines to the hoisting equipment, but never lesa than 1,000 pounds. Lateral loads shall be assumed as one fifth of the heaviest load lifted.‘STRUCTURAL OR HEIGHT ZONE ABOVE GRADE FEET 0- 30 30- 50 50-100 100-150 150-200 200-250 250-300 Page 10 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2, 1996 IREMENTS EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 WIND LOADS (1) Equipment, and ita parte, attachseats and supports shall be designed to withstand the wind pressure, p, acting on the projected area of the equipment and all attachnents which contribute to that projected area, The wind-shall be asauned to blow from any horizontal direction. ‘The basic wind velocity ie 100 miles per hour for exposure C in accordance with ANSI A58.1. The pressure p is tabulated below. The pressures show include the appropriste shape or drag coefficten DESIGN WIND PRESSURE p, PSF ROLLED CYLINDRICAL VESSELS PIPES SHAPES AND OPEN ENCLOSED OCh/AC3.3 3.5Gh/AC16 16Ea/AC25 ODKE fn 0026 tn FRAMES STRUCTURES 18 2 a. 18 32 34 25 28 43 23 mn 46 29 33 4a 29 82 33 32 7 35 32 92 60 35 40 59 33 99 64 36 42 62 36 104, 68 38 44 65 38 109 na In this table, h = total height or length of the cylinder in feet and d= the outside dianeter in feet, including insulation but excluding other attachments. Where the cylinder diameter varies, d = average dianeter, weighted according to height or length. Tf the equipment is supported above grade, the support elevation must be known to use the table. The design pressure for enclosed structures includes effects of both invard acting pressure on the windward surface aud suction on the leeward aurface.Page 11 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT RNPC ENG STD 40A3 (2) 43) (4) ‘The wind load on cylindrical structures, such as stacks and bins, shall be determined by applying the appropriate design wind pressure to the projected area and adding wind load for attachments. Refer to next paragraph on open frame structures for calculation of wind on attachments. The wind load for open frame structures shal) be determined by applying the design wind pressure to the projected area of each line of framing and to each piece of equipment supported on the structure. The total wind load on a structure with multiple lines of framing need not be more than that on an enclosed structure which would completely envelop the actual structure and attachments (See design wind pressure table). ‘The wind force on a caged ladder shall be calculated using an area of 2/3 square feet per foot of height and the pressure for rolled shapi The design wind load for enclosed rectangular structures such as cool furnaces, air-cooled heat exchangers and the like, shall be determined by applying the design wind pressure for enclosed structures to the Projected windward area of the structure. ‘The structure's cladding or skin, and menbe: directly supporting the cladding, such gixts, furring, and purline, shall be to resist an outward acting equal to 60 percent of tabulated design wind pressure for enclosed structures. This outward acting pressure is not additive to the total design load. signed ction pressure 2.9 EARTHQUAKE LOADS Earthquake loads need not be considered.Page 12 Rev. 7 Dater Now 2, 1996 TRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS re iD EQUIPMENT NPC ENG STD 40A3 2.10 OTHER LOADS The equipment Vendor shall calculate loads for ladders and platforms from the requirements of this specification. KNPC or its approved representative wil) furnish loads from other attachments such as piping, hoists, and equipment supplied by othe: The magnitude, point of application, direction, and nature of such loads will be given in the commodity specification or on drawings. Impact, if applicable, will already be added to KNPC or its approved representative's supplied load 2.11 LOAD COMBINATIONS Equipment and their accessories shall be designed for all individual loads and all combinations that might probably act together, Do not consider crane or Surge loads as acting simultaneously with each other or with wind loads. ‘The probable combinations are the sums of the individual loads set forth in Table A ‘on the following pages.opntour epntour 20a TEU, 239 sx0Xenuoo *buzdyd 2 epntour ‘epntour quowdynbs uy syuequo> TeMON Buypyexedo peop peep peep peep 18303 JO 35 -Te303 50 8g TRO3 70 85 T2303 FO 8g Aouebutquoa epnqour epntour (@) epntour (1) epnqour squeuyoegae aueueuzed 20430 epnqour epntour (z) @pntour (U, epntour Buzzooxdesza epntour epntour (2) epntour (1) epatour woyzeTNSUE epntour epnqoul (t) epntour (1) @pntoul sxeppeT 3 srTERSs ‘sUX0;3eTS epnyour SpHTOUL (Z) @pntour (1) epn tour burdta (4303083303) spntour epntour (z) epnqour (1) epatour Supuy Teuzequr epn tour epnyour (2) epntour steuzeaur epnqour epnqour epntour ‘epntaur eanjonaas buy3z0ddns epntour epnisur ‘epntour epntour queudytnbz peed DUM WTR _uoTaeaedo Weer woTIoexE uo zezedo [RaZON €VOP Gis ONS OaNy 193e0 1 taad eT e6ea ‘gest ‘2 70N ‘ORIGWOT Va Ta SaaS woe SUNINAY TL TWENLONNLS*eTBPIeIeW IO/ puk STOO Jo abus03s ATTAes0Odu9y 105 ST PROT CATT STYL “UOFIFPUCD 3893 TOZ Pepntouy eq OF PCT PUTA Zo sz *UOTITPUCS 3SCZ AOF PSPNTOUS oq OF PLOT ATT wIOFIETE 9U3 FO BOS YoFAFPUOD 38—3 |ANgNz JO yUeseId Buysnp eoetd UT 3} pepNtouy aq TTeYys speoy ssouL np jueudtnbe ey; uy 30 uo Apeezte pze Aeya 3} ATvO pepntouy oq TTeYs spect asouL ; pura epntour (¥) PeTsTPOR epnqour (2) epntour anew *UoTao1 a 1930N pura Buydyd uy prntz ysen, apntour Juouynbs UF PINTZ 39e) Fer spnqour epnqour wopaexaTA epnqour epntour Azouyypew Supyerqya wosa Ss epnqour 6uyazFT UO spot word Joeday = epntour e Queudznbe uo = epnqour (€) ATT PoTsTPOR Bx0ppet 2 safe38 UO (s) epntour epntour (£) ®ATT PeTFTPON Aeayzen ‘wz0z3eTd uo SAFI PUTA UTR Woy FeIEdO 399L WOFIOSIT ugyzerado TRUION ORIGKOT Wate €XOb GIS ONE DAN ‘TaanarnOs_GawaaNTONa Wod 3661 ‘2 “ON toaea 1 t taea ‘wr aBea SENAWNAEINOAS TWwanlomlsPage 15 Rev. Date: Now 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 3. FOUNDATIONS ANCHORAGE 3-1 ANCHOR BOLTS (1) Allowable pure shear and pure tension anchor bolts are shown below. No incr bolt load is allowed for wind. Tension loads are based upon a maximum tensile stress of 17,500 psi on the corroded tensite stress area of the bolts. A corrosion allowance of 1/8" on the bolt diameter is provided. DIAMETER ALLOWABLE TENSION ALLOWABLE SHEAR INCHES POUNDS POUNDS 3/4 3,800 3,000 7/8 5,600 3,500 2 7,700 4,000 ive 10,200 4,500 11/6 13,300 5,000 13/8 16,200 5,500 11/2 20,200 6,000 13/4 28,000 7,000 2 37,500 8,000 21/4 50,000 9,000 21/2 62,400 10,000 23/4 78,000 212,000 3 94,500 22,000 31/4 114,000 13,000 31/2 135,000 14,000 33/4 257,000 15,000 4 181,000 16,000 41/4 207.000 17,000 41/2 234,000 18,000 5 295,000 20,000 (2) A coefficient of friction of 0.3 may be assumed to resist shear at surface between steel bas: plate and concrete. Where frictional shear resistanc is inadequate, then the entire applied shear must be resisted by anchor bolts or other mechanical means. Base shear resistance need not be checked for cylindrical structures if they have continuous base rings and if their height is at least three times the diameter of bolt circlPage 16 Rev. 1 Date: Nev. 2 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED &( 4 3.2 STEEL 42 4.2 ir, KNPC ENG STD 40A3 BEARING ON CONCRETE shall be proportioned so that the on foundation concrete will not exceed 1,000 psi for gravity loads or 1,300 psi for gravity plus wind. STACKS SCOPE This section covers special requirements for self-supporting steel stacks. ‘These requirements apply to lined or unlined stacks whether supported by foundations or by other structure: DESIGN (1) Stacks shall be designed for allowable stre: specified in the paragraph 1.6 of this specification. Lateral deflection between base and top of stack shall be limited to one percent of the atack height for al] design loads (2) Uniess otherwise specified by KNPC, a minimum corrosion allowance of 1/8 inch shall be included on the thickness of all steel parts. This allowance may be reduced to 1/16 inch for internally insulated stacks having metal temperatures below 650 F. No corrosion allowance is required for austenitic stainlea: eel. (3) ‘The minimum plate thickness shall be 1/4 inch, ineluding corrosion allowance. Vertical welde of adjacent plate courses shall be staggered. Bolted splices are not permitted. Insulating liners shall have frequent and positive attachment to the shell.Page 17 Rev. 1 Dater Now. 2/1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT : 4.3 KNPC ENG STD 40a3 CROSS WIND VIBRATION a) (2) (3) (4) Stacks shall be designed to resist the specified loads in the direction of wind, and shall also be designed for crose-wind vibration. When the wind blows past a stack, vortices are shed alternately from one side then the other, giving rise to a fluctuating force along the height of the stack acting Perpendicular to the wind direction. At some wind velocity, or velocities, the frequency of this fluctuating force may coincide with a natural frequency of the stack, creating resonant vibration and possible failure. ‘The wind velocity at resonance is called the critical wind velocity V.. Vo = 3.400 Where £ = fundamental natural frequency of stack vibrating as a cantilever beam, cycles per second D = outside diameter of stack in feet exclusive of attachments Vv, ie in min per hour In evaluating the natural frequency of stacks supported by structures, the flexibility of the structures must be considered. The frequency for the corroded and uncorroded conditions shall be calculated. Por uniformly tapered stacks, use D at the tip to calculate V., For s' tapered stacka, V_ must be evaluated for each diametef in the upper half of the stack. See Condition 2 below. Lf the Vendor designs the stack, he ie responsible for making it resistant to cross-wind vibration. However, the stack will not be acceptable unless it meets one or more of the following conditions.STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EOUTPHEN Page 18 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2 1996 KNPC ENG STD 40A3 Condition 1 ‘The stack height above base does not exceed 10 times its average diameter, A stack meeting this provision must still be checked for ovalling vibration Condition 2 The critical wind velocity, or velocities for step tapered stacks, is le: than 10 miles per hour or greater than 70 miles per hour. Condition 3 The stack is step tapered according to the following rules. Step tapered stacks shall have three or more sections of uniform diameter connected by conical transitions. No uniform section shall be longer than 40 feet or 1/4 of the total height of the stack measured from its The bottom diameter of each conical ition shall be at least 30 percent larger than its top but need not be more than 24 inches larger. The side of the transition shall not be more than 6 degrees from the vertical. Condition 4 The stack is adequately braced along its length. Condition 5 The nondimensional damping coefficient, Ky, is 18 or greater. 0.8%, W, = average weight per lineal foot of atack over upper half of stack, pounds per foot D, = average OD over upper half of stack, feetPage 19 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EGUTENDR KNPC ENG STD 40A3 464 Condition 6 Properly designed are fitted to the s: periodic cross-wind forces. Certain strake designs are patented. Designs using spoilers or etrakes must be acceptable to KNPC or its approved representative. Strakes increase drag in the direction of wind. To ca: late wind load on a cylinder fitted with strakes, twice the outstanding width of-one strake shall be added to the cylinder diameter to obtain an equivalent diameter. Twice the tabulated wind pressure for cylinders shall be applied on this equivalent diameter. Condition 7 The Vendor submits calculations supported by technical data or model teats showing the expected level of cross-wind vibration for wind velocities up to 70 miles per hour. Deflections and stresses shall not exceed the allowables. OVALLING To prevent wind vibration of the shell as an elastic xing, the shell stiffness must be adequate. A stiffener ring shall be provided at the top of a stack if the corroded shell thickness there is les: than 1/300 times the diameter. This ring shall meet the thickness and stiffness requirements of Condition 2 below. A stack, to be acceptable to KNPC or ite approved representative, must meet one or more of the following conditions. Condition 1 A lining at least 1 1/2 inches thick is firmly attached to the shell. Condition 2 stiffener rings are provided at a spacing of two diameters or less. Such rings ehall hhave a thickness of at least 5/16 inch and the following stiffness. I = 0,2D Where I © the minimum moment gf inertia of the ring in inches D = outaide diameters of stack in feetPage 20 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 Condition 3. The critical wind velocity for ovalling vibration, V,, is less than 10 miles per hour or more than 70°miles per hour. V_ shall be checked in the corroded and uncorroded Gondition for each diameter D, but need not be checked on tapers. t Vo = 1,160 */D Where t = shell thickness in inches D = outside diameter in feet V. is in miles per hour Condition 4 The stack is step-tapered in accordance with the paragraph 4.3 of this specification. BASE CONNECTION The connection details required to anchor a stack to a concrete foundation or to a steel structure, such as a furnace or a boiler, shall follow the base ring detail shown on Plate 16, Bolts shall be at least one inch in diameter, and number at least eight. Alternative details may be used if acceptable to KNPC or its approved representative. Alternative details must be submitted with supporting calculations for KNPC or its approved representative review prior to fabrication. Higher allowable bolt stress for wind loads are not permitted, whether the base is connected to steel or concrete. OPENINGS ‘The width of openings in shells shall not exceed 60 percent of the stack diameter. Reinforcement shall extend for at least 70 percent of the opening width above and below and to each side of the opening. Welding shall develop the full strength of the reinforcement. Stresses at shell cross sections having an opening larger than 20 percent of the stack diameter shall not exceed 90 percent of the allowable stresses.Page 21 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL. REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 4.7 FABRICATION TOLERANCES qa) (2) The difference between the maximf and minimum inside diametere at any cross section shall not exceed one percent of the nominal diameter at the cross section under consideration. The diameters may be measured on the inside or outeide of the stack. If measured on the outside the diameters shall be corrected for plate thickn At shell cross sections having openings wider than 30 percent of the diameter this tolerance may be increased to two percent. Alignment of butt welded plates shall be such that the maximum offset is not more than 1/4 of the thickness of the thinner plate nor 1/8 inch. At girth welds, the shell shall not deviate from a vertical line by more than 3/8 inch as measured from a 36-inch long atraight edge centered at the weld. The maximum deviation froma straight edge laid vertically slong the shell shall not exceed 1/8 inch in 10 feet. ‘The center line of the stack shall not be out of alignment or plumb by more than 3/4 inch in 50 feet. If the stack ia less than 50 feet tall, the center-line plumbness tolerance shall be ratioed, The anchor bolt circle diameter, measure: between any two opposite holes in the base xing, shall be correct within 3/16 inch. The chord distance between anchor bolt holes shall have the same tolerance.Page 22 Rev. 3 Date: Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS INEERED EQUIPHENT KNPC ENG STD 40a3 4.8 WELDING a) (2) (3) Welders and welding procedures shall be qualified in accordance with the ASME Code, Section IX or with the American Welding Society Specification Dl.1. Do not submit welding procedures to KNPC or its approved representative for review. Instead submit welding information on Forms 299 Weld Map and 300 Weld Description for review. Form 299 provides space for a simple single-line sketch of the stack. Identify each outer boundary weld by means of a letter or number. Describe each different weld on Form 300. Examples of filled-in forms are included at the end of this specification. These examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as requirements for fabrication. m each sheet give the KNPC or its approved tative order number and applicable item item may be included in a single set of forms so long as the data is applicable. The form shall be complete. Data will be reviewed by KNPC's or its approved representative Metallurgical Engineer. Provide the name and phone number of the person competent to resolve welding questions Copies of the forms with their final data will be returned to the Vendor stamped “Reviewed Without Comment". Copies will also be sent to the assigned KNPC or its approved representative inspectors who will use the forms as a basis for their inspections. KNPC or its approved representative inspectors may ask to see any of the Vendor's ASME weld qualification procedures indicated on the weld description forms.Page 23 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED BOUIPHENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 5 (4) Welding procedures for circumferential and longitudinal seams of the shell shall provide fully penetrated groove wel Such welds shall be done from both sides if the stack diameter ie large enough. s welded witn permanent backing rings shall be limited to a stress of B5 percent of the tensile stress for the base metal allowed by in paragraph 1.6 of this specification. (S) The following spot radiography is required for am welds of the stack shell when the tensile stresses on the joint are 85 percent or less of that allowed for the base metal. A spot radiograph shall be made of each intersection of circumferential and longitudinal shell seam. In addition, one radiograph shall be taken for each 50 feet of weld at locations chosen by the purchaser's inspector. If no longitudinal seams exist, spot radiographs shall be taken for each 20 feet of circumferential weld with a minimum of one per seam. Radiography shall comply with ASME Section VIII, paragraph UW-52 with interpretation complying with UW-51. Follow-up radiography shall be done in accordance with ASME Section VIII paragraph UW-52. (6) Shell seams shall be completely radiographed if the welds are manual (shield metal arc) or if joint tensile stresses exceed 85 percent of the Allowable for the base metal. Such radiograph shall accord with UW-51 of ASME Section VIII, Division 1. (7) Welds other than those of shell seams require visual inspection by the purchase inepector. LADDERS AND PLATFORMS 5.1 MATERIALS. Ladders and platforms shall be provided by the Vendor. Material for ladders, platforms, railings, and stairs shall be in accordance with ASTM A36 or proved equal. Refer also to the paragraph 5.13.Page 24 Rev. 7 Dater Nov. 2 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40a3 5.2 DRAWINGS. ‘The Vendor shall perform the detail design work, make the erection and shop detail drawings, and eubmit 1 drawings to KNPC or its approved representative for review. ‘The KNPC or its approved representative review is to eneure the correct interpretation of the work to be done and does not relieve the Vendor of responsibility for structural adequacy or for the accuracy of the details. Erection drawings shal) show all information necessary for erection of steel work, including the size and location of all field welds. PIXED LADDERS (1) Plates 1 and 1A included in this specification show the typical details for fixed ladders and cages. Ladders, except those for stacks, shall be caged when the vertical length between the ladder base and the platform it serves is more than 15 feet. Ladders under 15 feet shall also be caged when the base of the ladder is above grade and the ladder serves a platform more TD] man's feet above grade. the cage shall extend down to a point 7 to 8 feet from the ground or platform. Ladders for stacks shall hot be caged unless called for in the commodity specification or by drawing. A self closing hinged bar shall he installed across all ladder openings at working platfort For details see Plate 13. (2) Ladders attache 8, process columns, stacks, or tanks shall be supported near the top of the ladder only, to permit expansion and settlement. Do not use more than one pair of fixed-support brackets per length of ladder. Provide ties at other points spaced not greater on center. Only ladders attached may be grade The maximum rise of a caged ladder between landing platforms shall be 30 feet, except for_ stacks where the maximum is 60 feet.Rev. 7 Date: Nov.2 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 5.4 5.5 STAIRS Stairs and stair railings shall be detailed and fabricated to conform with the typical details shown on Plate 6 of this specification. where possible, the stairs shall slope 9 vertical to 12 horizontal with 7 1/2-inch risers and 10~inch treads. Where necessary in order to hold the 9 to 12 slope, the risers may be changed to any. value between 7 1/4 and 7 3/4 inches. Tf this will not achieve a uniform riser for the run of staire, change the slope. The sum of the rise and the tread dimensions shall egual 17 1/2 inches plus or minus 5/8 inch. The minimum stair width shall be 2 1/2 feet unl otherwise specified, The maximum rise for a single unbroken flight of stairs shall be 16 feet. STANDARD RAILINGS Railings shall be detailed and shop fabricated to conform with the typical details shown on Plate 2 of this specification. Provide for expansion and contraction of the railing at expansion joints by placing posts on either side of the joint and interrupting the rail. Provision for expansion ie not required for a railing on circular platforms where anticipated movement is less than one inch. CIRCULAR PLATFORMS (1) Circular vessel platforms shall be detailed and fabricated in accordance with the typical ails and notes shown on Plates 9 and 9A. They shall be bracketed from the vessel as These include where the vessel wall is not strong enough to aupport the load, or where for other reasons bracketing 1s not practical. Turn all bracket flanges the same way for ease of erection. (2) Provision for vessel expansion shal) be made in accordance with the typical details and notes. Provision for movement shall also be made where nequal or conflicting expansion or differentia jettlement may occur between platforms attached. to two or more adjacent vessels.STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 5.7 RECTANGULAR PLATFORMS Rectangular platforms, where requixed, designed in a manner cot mt with the details ahown on Plate 11 of this specification. Flooring for platforms or walkways shall be pressure locked or Pressure welded steel grating, hot dippéd galvanized after manufacture. The bearing bars shall be 1 1/4 x 3/16 inches at 1 3/16 inches on center. Cross bars shall be twisted square, 5/16 inches on two 4 inches on cent Grating for stair landings is shown on Plate 6 of this specification. Floor plates, when indicated on the drawings, shall be 1/4 inch raised pattern plates. 5.8 AUXILIARY ESCAPE A second means of escape shal) be provided for operating platforms if they are over 10 feet above grade and have an area in excess of 200 square feet. Walkways shall be provided with an escapeway so arranged that there are no dead ends in excess of 20 feet. 5.9 CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS Unless otherwise shown on drawings or sketches furnished by KNPC or its autorized repr. the following minimum clearance requiremen’ observed in laying out ladders, platforms, stairs and railing. MINIMUM ITEM CLEARANCE ¥quipment to edge of platform Walkway and stairway width Headroom over platforms, stairs access ways or operating area at grade 7 feet 0 inchesPage 27 Rev. 1 Date: Nov. 2 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 SHOP ASSEMBLY ladders, cages, and platforms, 8 or floor grating, shall be They shall then be shipped sections suitable for erection mb1y « assembled in in the larg without dis PINISH ‘The Vendor shall remove all burrs and sharp edges from railings, la@ders and cages. CONNECTION All structural steel shop connections shall be welded or bolted. All field connections shall be bolted. Floor grating shall be attached to the supporting members with saddte type clips as shown on Plate 11. BOLTS (1) The following bolts shall be used for all connections unless higher strength bolts are required and they are noted on the drawings. All nuts and bolts 3/4 inch and larger shall be high-strength ASTM A325. All nuts and bolts 5/8 inch and smaller shall be in accordance with ASTM A307. Load indicator washe: shall be used with all connection bolts for bracing and main members. Main members are defined as all beams framing into columns, beams supporting a tributary area of 600 square feet or more, and beams that support equipment. directly or indirectly. The fabricator shall flag, on the shop drawings, all connections where load indicator washers are required. Load indicating washers are manufactured by Cooper & Turner, Inc, or Bethlehem Steel Corp. They shall be installed in accordance with Plate 35. Bolt size shall be as follows, unless noted otherwise on the drawings. For main members 3/4 inch For railings and ladders 5/8 inch - For ladder cage: 1/2 inchPage 28 Rev. 1 Dater Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT KNPC ENG STD 40A3 (2) All bolts shall have hex heads and hex nuts Supply 5 percent more field bolts, including erection bolts, than the computed quantity required. High-strength bolts, nuts and washera conforming to ASTM A325 shall be mechanically galvanized in accordance with Clase 50 of ASTM B695. A307 bolte, nuts and washers ehall be galvanized as A325 bolts or they may be hot-dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM Specification A153. Galvanizing shall be done after all threada have been rolled or cut and all nut shall be retapped after the coating Process {s complete. Retapping after mechanical galvanizing is not necessary. 3.14 SHOP PAINTING All structural steel surfaces shall be either painted or galvanized as specified by KNPC. Surface Preparation, coating application, and repair of damaged surfaces shall be done by the fabricator using qualified craftsmen in accordance with KNPC ENG STD 83Al.r FUWAIT HANOHAL FEIEOIEWA COMPALTY (KSC) bs ee rug. LaCOeH D4 TALE fie itm 4 = ware |a-J pe | i i iT ie - GLeanauce to4, diceceD Leones nest wor Tt camer, q ‘ H {= Segoe nt wv ese : ) 4 { y : | Tach OF wane. Ape wot, x cos ee east Ih Be ee Dy aeceete ZU ee oan a 3 Peed i de Ee cae van, ‘Lenoes 3 eure acs rusrome eas 3 . +n ha ames wine Nes vy * Ste This'So Fes bot tase er apne roy i .. ee ~). ett 7 a tomes [l= rg tn etna tae Han qazann ce anance sum Steet annem le ran WVEAGED AGUCHS ‘av sTuuchints iG .liSNNG OCFLEGTOR PLATES.STRUCTURAT, REQUIREMENTS KUWAIT NAHONAL PEIKOIEUM COMPAHY (K.5.C,) FOR ENGIYEERED EQUIPHENT om seis Siti 4 At Shauc oS ®@ SO Oum, 10> "tit g Onn a. ish as, Shea a ava wemy | eT: ung AsseuoLyTae u bl DUgA—SUAUC AL aso —_DETANS. FOR_ENGINEERED EQUIRMENT KUWAIT LUTOHIAL reTEOLEUM COMPANY (.5.¢.) | = a 2, | STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS a =, Peed]2 “Nov. 2.1996 war anos reacts course (146.9 | A STRUCTURAL, REQUIREMENTS | mm 4043 FOR_ENGINEEREN EQUIPMENTra A STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS UWAIT NATIONAL PEIEOLLUM COMPANY (S.) FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT! ‘TYPICAL VERTICAL VESSEL. PLATFORM DETAILS WOR GEE with GRATING AND STAUCTURAL RAILING] ror RS, Stnceas notes.40a3 34 KUWAIT HATONAL FENOLEUM COMPA (K5.C.) ipa R_ENGHNGERED BQUIDMEN iy vo equieueit Nov. 2 1996 TWPICAL VERTICAL VESSEL. PLATFORM DETAR S eae oe cates eee ree itty mee eases, wana tenses geste Sang setaewae a STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS KUWAIT HATOHAL FEIEOLEIM COMPANY (K5.C.) FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT SAATING ANCHORAGE USING, WEL DIE sma Now 2,1996 TYPICAL PLATFORM FLOORING DETANLS eects occa sa BD) ~ den at a re rNfemme 7 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS ——— anon motes courner (186) —— Fou UcINEsne. squienrt| =~ bas hoe 2.1996 TyPicat_ninet ane WALKWAY TT FOR USE WITH GRATING CUMS ¢ HOLE WH CHANNEL. . siktermcee ne = yb TP 4 81068) © WEB BAR 3° 4*x 0-3" — - ag| | - _. . Boies ams q tess (FIELD BOLT) SUPPORT BAR 5x Y's 0-54" ~ PG Uhex2 SLOTTED NOE 2 @ MACHINE BOLT Wirt ® IN {SUPPORT DAR 2° FLAT WASHERS 6 Ig COTTER PIN (SiOP BoLT| NOTES {Fac revvcan pLateous ne rans sti fare 1. 6x6a% WALKWAY cinannEL ~ Jone L—.-. .2zg sto ewe sieeve © SER EEAE PLATE 118'- CLOSING HINGED BAR TFOR UAE WITH STRUCTURAL RAILING) SEL! ELEVATION pase 4083 vse can__Nov. 2 1996 PLATE 13 PLAN VIEW BAR STOP DETAIL -KUWAIT HATIONAL PETEOLEUM COMPANY (S.C) perce {ihter mere, nt tan @) somnr suersons “t sua/or € 10 RAY won sans Coe pi tat Bond Cs wot enero smu waves a wane a ow surrucn | vege rm 2) omy nen 9 4 anennetttg ae aac ano ae mance 27 Be Eh then fe Nat SERIE hyoap inpieaToR me waroren MADMER ‘TYPICAL INSTALLATION LOF GALVANIZED OR BLACK BOLTS, i woicaTon waanen anor ase ALTERNATE INSTALLATION OF BLACK BOLTS ONLY 2A APTI ‘nella 005 CaF Lose worcaTon SOSHER ‘alate etre ‘uy aren nares sate tecnieaaseer BEVELLED FLANGES STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS wasro__4043 » INSTALLATION OF LOAD INDICATOR WASHERS MAgMens sueT ME inSTARLED MAPA Aa CALEY Dove, THE UT 1S TE TERN anor rex rhoertiune, AML TS ama LTS BALL HE ua TED Gitash mores oe eeaior Seectacs Anke, NeArE #nF0RE Flewronne. sooty roogiee secTich 108 UF t8 9087 UseoKTanT usr sroact vagnones Hare aocquaTe carneite Steaves, ‘Prouawect HOUT ASSorauy TO AUCH ae CETDAT TART TNC HORT BY ep rucrusts, be smucering a roo, 17 18 vise re cnoote ont Siren nas A rongue GuTov? tw ExeEEs oF Pot Sone Aukovane POX Lass aF” Puarowanct 00 TO Weak AIK CECE, CYC ‘no To mith Svincteg Tet CuEAcY s2S0K800 renvonen Pasw von, BEAD FICTION “seater ours, OST ALA VAEWENES MEQUIAE 35 &v. Pacssuae or too tr. (rtinon rekrgunee, Seutvare 23/6 noe AIL SERUIAED than Tet conve ering at Cone oS DOOAT AG PANNA How wot caveesson Taxes ae Baier To KUInIMATE MATER, WE PUUTEACLUEELCATORS 8 ALL AUR LIMES UP Trorronne 1 ner canmucraa oe oat auguente WS Meconos, extcx ron: 7 wwe To, anoenearee PLATE 35NPE STRUCTURAL REQUIRENENTS 0 sto S04} / FOR ENGINEERED BQUTSMENT a | —— om— Nov. 2 1996 aaa 20,000- teeoo- PEE ee 12900- roo00- 000 ‘000 s000- spco~ 3ecc~ ALLOWABLE STRESSES FOR CARBON STEEL SHELLS | 2,000- 1800 1a00- 100% 800 600 - s00- a00- CYLINDERICAL, AND CONICAL SHELL Psi 300- ALLOWABLE LONGITUDINAL COMPRESSIVE STRESS FOR 200- 140 bae eocer * **"o.001 *o.08 Ou 0.2 Sirs nati PLATE 40 iPage 41 Rev. Date: Nov. 2, 1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS NPC ENG STD 40A3 FOR FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPHENT FORM NUMBER 299Page 42 Rev. 7 Date: Nov, 2.1996 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS KNPC ENG STD 4043 FOR ENGINEERED EQUIPMENT ——oe ore Te tearm am Ae Amie Sea Vhs _ sore ane FORM NUMBER 300