Principle of Reverse Osmosis

OSMOSIS

REVERSE OSMOSIS PROCESS

Softening
1952

Spiral – wound
Hollow
Fiber

Osmosis
OSMOS Process

RO 7
 1 a

‫ التناضح الطبيعي‬: ) 1 -a ( ‫شكل‬

Osmotic Pressure
1– b

1– b

RO 8
 1 c

1 c

Reverse Osmosis Process

( Total Dissolved Solids TDS

60%
0.07 1-1.1
35000ppm 1430 1
3.4 5000 ppm 25
320 32000 ppm
22

RO 9
 1
2
3
4

77F 25 1

mg /l psi
NaCl 35,000 0.6 398
NaCl 1,000 0.0171 11.4
NaHCO3 1,000 0.0119 12.8
Na2SO4 1,000 0.00705 6
MgSO4 1,000 0.00831 3.6
MgCl2 1,000 0.0105 9.7
CaCl2 1,000 0.009 8.3
‫السكروز‬ 1,000 0.00292 1.05
‫الدكستروز‬ 1,000 0.00555 2.0

1000 mg/l 10 psi

RO
4
1

RO 10
RO 11