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IEC 61850
TR IEC 61850 90-30 extends the SCL language and the IEC 61850 engineering
process by powerful specification elements and creates the foundation for
the definition of Basic Application Profiles. This will revolutionize the way
we implement automation- and protection schemes in our IEC 61850
systems. This article gives a short introduction.
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objective to increase the efficiency of the IEC 61850 engineering process.
Extending SCL to formally describe (nearly) all aspects of the IEC 61850
configuration in an IED independent way. This includes the exchange of data
and the specification of protocol parameters independently of specific IEDs
Extending SCL with additional file types, relations, and versioning
information to support the workflow between the specification and
implementation phase
The TR 90-30 SCL extensions are aiming to improve the IEC 61850 specification
phase by providing a formalized way to specify in the context of the electrical
process, Functions, Protection- and Application schemes, and IED Specifications.
The IEC 61850 Engineering Process as it is described in Part 4 and Part 6 of the
IEC 61850 standard is extended with more details on the specification phase and
the interaction between specification- and system integration phase. (Figure 2).
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Edition 2.1 of the standard is focusing on the IED – and system configuration
aspects of the engineering process. Never the less, already in Edition 1 of the
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by defining an SCL file called SSD. SSD stands for System Specification
Description. Up until now this file has scarcely
been used in power automation
projects because of two major reasons.
TR IEC 61850 90-30 enables Utilities to create powerful SSD files that are
formalized specification files, covering nearly all aspects of an IEC 61850 based
PAC system.
The overall efficiency of the IEC 61850 engineering process can be improved by
using templates based on the TR IEC 61850 90.30 SCL extension.
This part of the article introduces some new XML elements or extensions of
existing elements defined in TR 61850 90-30. Be aware that not all elements and
relations defined in TR 61850 90-30 are discussed in this chapter.
The content of SCL Files: All SCL Files have potentially four different sections.
(Figure 3).
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For now, the extension to SCL defined by TR 61850 90-30 and TR 61850 7-6 (BAP)
are defined in a separate XML namespace. For now, this namespace is called
http://www.iec.ch/61850/2019/SCL/6-100
Once the work is terminated, it will be integrated in the regular SCL namespace.
This is intended to happen with IEC 61850 Edition 3.
Functions
The notion of Function has been omnipresent in IEC 61850. But only since
Edition 2 Functions found their way into SCL as essential elements of the
Process Section. They serve as container for Logical Nodes and can have internal
structures (SubFunctions). Functions are allocated on every level of the Process
Section and when implemented by IEDs, they can spread over multiple IEDs.
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TR 61850 90-30 now allows to group Functions into categories and, most
important, Functions can be associated to Applications.
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The Breaker Failure Function with the Logical Node RBRF and
The Circuit Breaker Function of the protected circuit breaker
A Protection Function that issues the trip for the circuit breaker and thus
initiates the Breaker Failure Function
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For this scenario, TR 61850 90-30 introduces the XML element Application and
allows this element to reference the participating Functions (Function
Reference). A Function can participate in different Applications. It can be
referenced multiple times.
In our example the trip may be sent by GOOSE, as well as the Operate External
for the surrounding circuit breakers. The Internal Operate of the Breaker Failure
Function (Logical Node RBRF) may be configured or even hard wired inside the
IED. Even if this is not a 61850 protocol-based data exchange TR 61850 90-30
allows including this data exchange in the specification of the Application.
Adding data flow information to the Process Section allows describing the data
exchange of Functions independently of the implementing IEDs. The data flow
inside and between Functions is modelled on Logical Node level.
The data exchange between Logical Nodes can represent a status, a measured
value or a configuration value, but it can also represent a command. In the first
case TR 61850 90-30 defines the SourceRef element, in the second case it is the
ControlRef element.
SourceRef
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The SourceRef is a link from a receiving Logical Node back to a source Data
Object or Attribute in a Function of the Process Section.
The Source Reference is conceptually very close to the ExtRef. The difference
between Source References of LNodes and ExtRef is:
The information content of a SourceRef element goes beyond the pure data
exchange specification. It has a life cycle and changes its status during the
specification and engineering process.
The SourceRef element has additional attributes that support the specification
and the implementation phase of the engineering process:
Specification Phase
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An “input” attribute that defines uniquely the SourceRef in the context of its
Logical Node. The value of the ”input” attribute as well as the description
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SourceRef.
Support for the specification of Applications
by providing preferred Logical
Node, DO and DA information. These attributes help the engineer to find
the appropriate source data for the SourceRef. This is helpful for the manual
Application design, but it is also intended for the automatic Application
instantiation defined in TR 61850 7-6.
Implementation Phase
The Control Reference is a link from a controlling Logical Node to the controlled
Data Object or Attribute.
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Control References are referencing I-Group (e.g. ITCI or IHMI) Logical Nodes
without Data Object/Attribute specification or, similar to SourceRef they also can
refer to any other Logical Node that performs control operations. (Figure 9).
TR 61850 90-30 defines new elements named DOS (Data Object Specification),
SDS (Structured Data Specification) and DAS (Data Attribute Specification). These
elements are children of the Logical Node. They correspond to the LN instance
data of the IED data model. With these new elements values can be added to the
Data Attributes of every LNode instance in the Process Section.
Specification Tracking
There are new attributes to the Logical Node. These attributes store the
originally specified Logical Node.
If, for some reason, the system integrator is forced to implement a Logical Node
different from its specification the customer can compare the mapped Logical
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generally also a different DO/DA must be used. This can be tracked by the
customer due to the new DOS/DAS elements.
Virtual IEDs
Virtual IED Definition in TR 61850 90-30: In this article the virtual IED
definition is not requiring changes in SCL (Edition 2.1) except for some additional
attributes of the IED element and the Header element.
ISD Files
Virtual IEDs are very much like ICD or IID files. The extension for a virtual IED is “.
ISD”. ISD stands for IED Specification Description
The main difference between ISD files and other IED describing SCL files (ICD,
IID, CID) does not lay in the SCL structure but in the role of the file in the
engineering process and partly in the semantics of the SCL elements.
In the context of a PAC project SCD files can have a reference to the related SSD
file. This reference is contained in the Header element- The attribute is “ssdRef.”
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The IED instances in an SSD File can have references to ISD and ICD Files. The
SCD references the SSD File. (Figure 10).
SCTs and ICTs from different vendors have been used to model, specify and
implement an 61850 based battery storage application.
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The specification data model is delivered as an IEC 61950 SSD file. It is based on
typical feeder arrangements and includes the structure and IEC 61850 naming
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IEC 61850 Functions and Logical Nodes.
The Logical Node types are taken from an SNH (Stromnetz Hamburg) specific
private namespace.
According to TR 61850 90-30, Data Exchange and Function Parameters are
added to the Substation/Process section. The Function Templates may contain
unbound SourceRefs(inputs). During the definition of the Application Schemes,
the Source attributes of the inputs are resolved. The Function Parameters are
defined on the Data Object resp. Data Attribute instances (DOS / DAS) in the
Substation/Process section.
Virtual IEDs are derived from the Substation/Process section. The Logical Device
hierarchy is built based on functional testing requirements and is reflected in
the Virtual IEDs. Functional Naming (ldName) and Flexible Naming (LN Prefix and
Inst) is applied. The Virtual IEDs define the required services and contain
specifications for Data Sets and Control Block configurations.
In the Communication Section, Process- and Station bus are defined as well as
the required network settings and IEC 61850 network connections for MMS
Reporting, GOOSE and Sampled Values.
The SSD file describes a highly formalized and comprehensive data model that is
binding for the contractors. The contractors are expected to deliver a
corresponding SCD file, that allows to formally compare the degree of the
specification fulfilment.
Conclusion
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TR IEC 61850 90-30 enables Utilities to formally specify their IEC 61850 PAC
System in a device independent way. It provides a solid base for the successful
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the way for working with Basic Application Profiles. This will revolutionize the
way we implement automation- and protection schemes.
Biography:
Jorg Reuter – After earning his master’s degree in electrical engineering from
the University of Kaiserslautern/Germany Jörg entered the world of Industrial
Process Automation to explore his passion for Real Time Operating Systems and
Process Automation.He spent the last 20 years learning about the Utilities
requirements and challenges in engineering IEC 61850 based protection and
control systems as software developer. R&D Manager and CEO in different
companies. Currently, he works as a Director and Owner of Helinks LLC
Switzerland, where he is focused on IEC 61850 Engineering Tools and the IEC
61850 Engineering Process. As a member of TC57 WG10 he is actively involved in
the further development of the IEC 61850 standard.
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