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7/16/2019 GAB Level 3 Workbook Answer Key

GrammarandBeyondWorkbook3 AnswerKey

Unit 1 Simple Present Special Meanings


and Present Progressive and Uses of Simple Present
FirstImpressions 1 pages 5–6
2. say   8. seem
Simple Present vs. Present Progressive 3. ae  9. dn’t/dnt;like
4. sees 10. think 
1 page 2 5. ecgnizes 11. dn’t/dnthave
 2. teats 6. heas 12. make
 3. explains 7. eels
 4. desn’t/desntlse
 5. iskeeping  2 pages 6–7
 6. alwaystellsor’s/isalwaystelling  2. believe/say   7. give
 7. see 3. says/teaches  8. teaches
 8. alwaysmakes 4. dn’t/dntpay   9. lives
 9. espect 5. use 10. tavel
10. wakeup 6. has/teaches
11. ’m/amteaching 
12. alwaysty  Avoid Common Mistakes
13. ’m/amcnstantlylkingorcnstantlylk 
1 page 7
2 page 3 2. b 6. a
 2. ’snt/isn’t/isntteaching  3. c 7. a
 3. ’s/isding  4. b 8. b
 4. ’s/isinvestigating  5. b
 5. aepaticipating;aen’t/aentwking 
 6. typicallymeets 2 page 8
 7. tentalk 
 8. usuallyasks  Fsalespeple,physicalappeaanceisimptant,but
 9. ’s/isasking;geneallysay 
theeaethethingsthatalsgintmakingagdfst
10. ’s/isalsteachingoralsteaches arrive 
impessin.Fexample,Ialwaysamaivingatmeetings
3 page 3 know 
2. ’mwalking  6. ’snt/isn’tplaying  ntime.Iamknwingmyclientsaebusypeple,andI
3. ’mstudying  7. ’eshwing  undestandthattheitimeisimptant.Als,Ialwayscall
4. D;want 8. want
5. Is;playing  9. stats/’sstating  thembyname.Ievenkeepnamesandinmatinabut
’m/am adding
clientsinaspecialflenline.Inact,Iaddinmatint
Stative Verbs
thatflethisweek.
1 page 4  Inthepast,Ididn’tpaymuchattentintbdy
2. I’mhaving   8. dyuhea learning
3. dn’tseem  9. iteels language.Hweve,Iamleantbemecnscius
4.
5. Ilk 
Aeyuthinking  10.
11. Ieallywant
Ineed thewaysImveandhwtusemyhandseectively.At
make 
6. dn’thave 12. Idn’tthink  eveymeetingIammakingeyecntact–especiallywhen
7. I’mbeing 
IfstgeetaclientandagainwhenIleave.Ipacticemy
2 page 5 geetingsinntthemieveyday.Itytemembe
2. ’s/isbeing  6. ’s/isseeing 
3. have 7. isthinking  tsmile.Ocuse,Ialswanttlkgd.Ihavenice
4. ’s/ishaving  8. thinks think 
shes,andIkeepthemcleanandplished.Iamthinking
5. sees
mynewhaicutmakesmelkgd,t.

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 Mysalesnumbesusedtbeabitlw,buttheygup  5. until


know   6. Assnas/Once/Ate
nw.Iamtytdbette.IamknwingthatIcanbe
“NumbeOne”insalesnextyea. 3 page 13
2. I 6. S
3. I 7. I
Self-Assessment pages 8–9 4. I 8. S
1. b 4. c 7. a 10. a 13. b 5. S 9. I
2. a 5. c 8. b 11. a 14. a
3. a 6. b 9. a 12. a 15. c 4 page 13
 2. head;called
 3. weeexplaining;weethinking 
 4. was;saw 
Unit 2 Simple Past  5. fnished;needed
and Past Progressive; Used To, Would   6. appved;gave
GlobalMarketing
Used To and Would 
Simple Past vs. Past Progressive 1 page 14
2. a 4. e
1 page 10 3. b 5. c
2. washiding/hid  8. wasplanning/planned
3. let  9. wastaking/tk  2 page 14
4. saw  10. said  2. usedtsuppt/wuldsuppt/suppted
5. dpped 11. eed  3. usedtpay/wuldpay/paid
6. wanted 12. weeselling   4. usedtwea/wuldwea/we
7. went  5. didn’tusetlike/didn’tlike
 6. usedtty/tied
2 page 11  7. eused
 2. did  8. tld
 3. ealized  9. wuldwea/we
 4. placed 10. usedtd/wuldd/did
 5. made;placed
 6. used
 7. began;weestillgetting  Avoid Common Mistakes

 9.
8. weealeadycunting;weeputting 
paked 1 page 15
10. undestd 2. c 6. b
3. a 7. c
3 page 11 4. b 8. a
 Answers will vary. 5. b

2 page 16
Time Clauses with Simple Past
and Past Progressive  ABCCeativeStwaeusedtdesignstwae
theU.S.maketnly.eyweedingveywellandthei
1 page 12 was  talk 
 2. BeetheyhiedaBazilianmaketingexpett businessinceasingeveyyea.eywuldtalkingm

impvetheiimagethee,businesswasteible. timettimeabut“gingglbal.”Twyeasag,the
 3. Oncetheexpetbegantalkingwiththeimaketing decided 
depatment,businessbegantimpve.  pesidentthecmpanyfnallydecidesitwastimet“g
 4. Eveyneelaxedalittlewhensalesinceased. aced 
glbal.”Duingthefstyea,theyacemanypblemsand
 5. Themaketingexpetcntinuedtwkwiththe were  market 
cmpanyuntiltheyleanedhwtadaptthei glbalsalesaentgd.Becausetheyusedtmaketing
advetisingtthelcalcultue.
theipductsttheUnitedStatesnly,theyhieda
2 page 12 cnsultantwhhelpedthemdesignbettemaketing
 2. while was 
 3. ate stategies.Eveyweekasthecmpanydevelping,he

 4. Assnas/Once/Ate  wuldewkshpsinwhichhetaughtapppiate

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maketingstategiesdieentcultues.Snsales 2 page 20
was  2. escaped  7. said
 weeisingandthebusinessdingveywell.Snate
^  3. haveseen  8. has;bught
that,ABCCeativeStwaepenedtheifstcein 4. have;stpped  9. gave
were celebrating 5. haven’t/haventhad 10. aested
India.Whenwecalledthemecently,theycelebatedthis 6. eceived
peningwithabigpaty.
Present Perfect vs.
Self-Assessment pages 16–17 Present Perfect Progressive
1. a 4. b 7. b 10. c 13. c 1 pages 20–21
2. c 5. a 8. a 11. b 14. a  Possible answers: 
3. c 6. b 9. b 12. b 15. a  2. H wlnghasOpahWineybeenwkinginTV?;She
hasbeenwkinginTVsincethe1970s.
 3. HwlnghaveVenusandSeenaWilliamsbeen
Unit 3 Present Perfect  playingtennis?;eyhavebeenplayingitme
and Present Perfect Progressive than20yeas.
 4. HwlnghasNeildeGasseTysnbeenhstingtheTV
Success shw NOVA scienceNow ?;Hehasbeenhstingitsince
2006.
Present Perfect  5. HwlnghasLangLangbeenplayingthepian?;He
hasbeenplayingitsincehewastheeyeasld.
1 page 18 2 page 21
2. C 5. R  2. hasn’tdecided
3. C 6. C  3. havebeenvisiting 
4. U  4. haveseen
2 pages 18–19  5. hasspent/hasbeenspending 
2. Hehaslived15yeasinCupetin,Calinia.orHe  6. haswitten
haslivedinCupetin,Calinia,15yeas.  7. hasasked/hasbeenasking 
3. Hehasuncitycuncilutimesinthelastseveal  8. haveallmade/havebeenmaking 
 yeas.orInthelastsevealyeas,hehaduncity  9. havewked/havebeenwking 
cuncilutimes. 10. havegaduated
4. Sa,hehasn’t/hasntwnanyelectininhistwn. 11. havehad/havebeenhaving 

orHehasn’t/hasntwnanyelectininhistwn 3 page 22
sa.  2. hasaleadyinvented
5. Hehasjustdecidedtuntheschlbad.  3. hasn’t/hasntcmeorhasn’t/hasntbeencming 
6. Henystillhasn’t/hasntgivenupnhisdeam.or  4. hashad
Henyhasstillntgivenupnhisdeam.  5. hasbeenunning 
7. Hehasnevebecmediscuaged.  6. hasbeen
3 page 19  7. hasbeenthinking 
2.  5. since
4 pages 22–23
3.  6. since
 2. havebeen
4. 
 3. havebeenlivingorhavelived
 4. ’ve/havelved
Present Perfect vs. Simple Past  5. ’ve/havedneor’ve/havebeending 
 6. ’ve/have;takenor’ve/have;beentaking 
1 page 19  7. haslivedorhasbeenliving 
2. fnished 6. have;stated  8. ’vecmeor’vebeencming 
3. haven’thead 7. haven’tkept  9. haslived
4. mved 8. ’sbeen/was 10. hashad
5. gt

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Avoid Common Mistakes Unit 4 Past Perfect


and Past Perfect Progressive
1 page 23
2. a 6. b Naturevs.Nurture
3. c 7. a
4. a 8. a Past Perfect
5. a

2 page 24
1 pages 26–27
2. hadn’tgtten  7. hadgwnup
 TmWilsnetiedlastyeaatealng,successul 3. hadjustgiven  8. hadbecme
4. hadbeenbn  9. hadcmmitted
caeeinbusiness.Sinceheetied,hehasemdeledthe 5. hadbecme 10. hadswitched
painted  6. ’dmade 11. ’dneveleaned
kitchenandhasbeenpaintingthewhlehuse.Nwthat
itisfnished,itlksnewagain!Tmandhiswie,Babaa, 2 page 27
have  been 2. emthehadaguedtkeepthetwinstgethe
hasalstakenaewgllessnsandhaveglfngncea 3. theyhadalwaysdneeveythingtgethe

 weekatthelcalglcuse.Tmhasaltextatime 4. thetwinshadn’t/hadntmadeanyiendsinclass
has  5. thetwinshadbeensickudays
andenegyandhavebeguntdsmetheckingand 6. theyhadalwaysgttenalngwell
cleaning.Babaahashadhewnwaysdingthings 7. thetwins’teacheshadgnetthepincipalwith
been
 yeas,andshehastyingtfndanicewayttellTmthat theicncens
8. theteacheshadputtheminthesameclass

heneedstfndsmethingelsetkeephimbusy.
Past Perfect with Time Clauses
 Ftunately,thethedayTmanintantheetied
has been
businessmanmhiscmpanywhtldhimthatheis 1 page 28
2. Ate 6. Ate/When
dingvlunteewksincelastyeaattheLcalBusiness 3. bee/bythetime 7. Bythetime/When
 Assciatin(LBA).Hesaidhehasbeenveyhappyand 4. When/Assnas 8. until/bee
5. Until/Bee
busyevesincehestated.HetldTmthatthelastew
has been 2 pages 28–29
mnthsheishelpingaVietnamesecuplewiththeinew
called  2. Beeschlstated,theyhadplayedwithChippy
business.TmhasaleadybeencallingtheLBAtwicetday
had  allsumme.
3.  Atetheipaentshaddnesmeeseach

tvluntee,t.Hehasbeenhavingtleaveamessage nimaginayiends,theydecidedttalkta
bthtimes,butwhentheycallhimback,he’llsetupaday  psychlgist.
4. Beetheipaentsmadeanappintmentwiththe
tbegin.Nwhisetiementwillbeaealsuccess!  psychlgist,theyhadeadaltabutthetpic.
5.  Whentheytalkedtthepsychlgist,hehadaleady

Self-Assessment pages 24–25 spent30minuteswiththetwins.
7. Bythetimetheyletthepsychlgist’sce,thei
1. a 4. c 7. a 10. a 13. c  paentshadleanedthatthetwinsweenmal.
2. b 5. a 8. b 11. b 14. c
3. a 6. c 9. a 12. b 15. c
Past Perfect Progressive

1 page 29
2. hadbeentalking  6. hadbeenpaying 
3. hadbeenwking  7. hadn’tbeenpaying 
4. hadbeenunning  8. hadbeenchewing 
5. hadbeenplaying 

2 page 30
2. hadhad
3. hadbeenpaying/hadpaid
4. hadwn
5. hadbeenwking/hadwked

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 6. hadbeenhsting  Unit 5 Be Going To, Present Progressive,


 7. hadbeending 
 8. hadbeenshaing  and Future Progressive
 9. hadbeenplanning/hadplanned LookingAheadatTechnology
10. hadbeeninteviewing/hadinteviewed
11. hadappeaed
Be Going To, Present Progressive,
Avoid Common Mistakes and Simple Present for Future

1 pages 30–31 1 pages 34–35


2. b 6. c 2. We’ehlding  6. ey’eallstaying 
3. a 7. b 3. I’mgingthave 7. I’mpbablygingtcme
4. b 8. c 4. We’ehaving  8. I’mgingtmakesue
5. a 5. isying  9. issettingup

2 page 31
2 page 35
 2. ’m/amtakingor’m/amgingttakeortake
 WhenMay’sdaughtewas10yeasld,Maytld  3. ’m/amteachingor’m/amgingtteachorteach
had   4. pens
heastyabutwhenshehasbeenayunggilhesel.  5. isgivingorisgingtgive
had   6. isspeakingorisgingtspeak 
Shesaidthatuntilshewasabut10yeasld,shehas
 7. is
alwaysbelievedthatshehadatwinsistesmewhee.  8. stats
Hepaentshadlaughedandhadsaidthatthatwas  9. isattendingorisgingtattend
had read / had been reading 10. isgingtgorisging 
becausesheeadtmanystiesabuttwins.Maytld 11. iesorisying 
had 
hedaughtethatneday,shehasdiscveedabx 3 page 35
 phtsnthetpshelinacupbad.Shesaiditlkedas  Answers will vary.
had 
iithasbeentheealngtime.ebxcntainedanld Will and Be Going To
 phttwlittlegilswhappeaedtbeabuttwyeas
1 page 36
ld.Maysaidsheimmediatelythughtthatthephtwas 2. willget 5. wn’t/willnthappen
apictueheandhemissing“twinsiste.”Shetkitt 3. isgingtbe 6. wn’t/willntfllut
4. willinvent
hemthe,whbegantcy.ShetldMaythatsmene
taken 2 page 37
hadbeentakingthephtheselandhetwinsiste
 2. ’mgingtwatch/’llwatch
40yeasbee,butthenashttimelate,hesistehad  3. ’llcheck 
died had    4. ’lllet
beendyinginanaccident.AllalngMayhasthughtthee  5. Will;tundwn
 wasa“missingtwin,”butnwsheknewithadbeenbeing  6. ’lld

hemthe’stwin,nthes. 3 page 37
 Answers will vary.
Self-Assessment pages 32–33
Future Progressive
1.
2. ba 4.
5. ba 7.
8. ca 10.
11. ab 13.
14. ac
1 page 38
3. c 6. a 9. c 12. a 15. c
 Possible answers: 
 2. isgingtbepickingorwillbepicking 
 3. ’s/isgingtbespendingor’ll/willbespending 
 4. isgingtbemeetingorwillbemeeting 
 5. ’s/isgingtbestayingor’ll/willbestaying 
 6. ’s/isgingtbegivingor’ll/willbegiving 
 7. ’s/isgingtbeecveingor’ll/willbeecveing 
 8. isgingtbetakingorwillbetaking 

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2 pages 38–39 Unit 6 Future Time Clauses, Future


 2. isgingtbetaveling 
 3. ’s/isgingtbetalking 
Perfect, and Future Perfect Progressive
 4. Ae;gingtbetaveling  BusinessPracticesoftheFuture
 5. ’m/amgingtbewking 
 6. will;beding 
 7. willbetaveling 
Future Time Clauses
 8. ’ll/willbetalking 
 9. Will;betaveling  1 page 42
10. ’ll/willbewking  2. O ncethewebsiteiseady,shewillpstpictueshe
 pducts.
3. Shewillntmakemehatsuntilhecustmesplace/
Avoid Common Mistakes haveplacedaltdes.
4.  Assnassheeceives/haseceivedalagede

1 page 39 hats,shewillbuy/isgingtbuymemateials.
2. c 6. c 5. Shewillmail/isgingtmailhatstcustmesate
3. b 7. c shefnishes/hasfnishedthehats.
4. a 8. a 6. Shewillnthie/isntgingthieemplyeesand
5. b anaccuntantuntilhebusinessmakes/hasmadea
 pft.
2 page 40 7. Beethehlidayseasnaives,shewilljin/isging
 eApilissuethemagazine Future Trends says tjinannlinenetwkingsiteentepeneus.
be wearing 2 page 43
thatintheyea2030,peplewillweadispsableclthing
’s/is  2. ’ve/haveinstalled;aegingtbe
eveyday.Ithispedictiniscect,itgingthaveabig 3. aegingtsend;hasstated

’re/are  4. aegingtwash;havefnished
impactnuclthingbusiness.Wegingtneedtbegin 5. aen’t/aentgingthappen;hasbegun

eseachinganddevelpingideasceatingclthingthat
3 page 43
 peplecanweanceandthenthwaway. 2. aegingttake;emdel
3. willaleadybeplanning;cmes
 Discussinthistpicstatstmwatuweekly 4. willbemeeting;aives
’m traveling / ’ll be traveling
ideameetinginCneenceRmA.I’lltavelnextweek 5. isgingtbe;isstating 
6. willbeinteviewing;isplanning 
inSuthCalinatseeuacties,andIamgingtbe
4 page 43
discussingthesametpicwithplantmanageswhileIam
 Answers will vary.
thee.
is  Future Perfect vs.
 eegingtbeacneencecalled“eFutue
^  ’m/am attending Future Perfect Progressive
Fashin”inOctbethisyea.Iwillattendthat
cneence,andIhpettakeatleastnedesignewith 1 page 44
’m/am 2. willhavebecme 5. willhavebecme
me.Igingtaskallyutvteatthebeginning 3. willhavedeceased 6. willhavehied

Septembethedesigneyuthinkdesevestg. 4. willhavestated 7. willhavetaken

2 page 44
Self-Assessment pages 40–41
  2. Bcmpany25yeas.
yMach,thediectwillhavebeenwkingatthe
1. b 4. b 7. c 10. a 13. c 3. ByAugust,thesalesepswillhavebeentelecmmuting
2. b 5. b 8. c 11. c 14. b
5yeas.
3. b 6. c 9. a 12. c 15. b 4. ByOctbe,theemplyeeswillhavebeenusingstwae
tsetupmeetings3yeas.

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3 page 45 5. shuld/ughtt


2. willhavebeendesigning  6. hadbettent/shuldn’t
3. willhavebeenceating  7. shuld/ughtt
4. willhavebaked
5. willhavemved 3 page 50
6. willhavestudied/willhavebeenstudying   Answers will vary.

Avoid Common Mistakes Modals and Modal-like Expressions

1 pages 45–46 of Permission, Necessity, and Obligation


2. a 6. b 1 pages 50–51
3. b 7. b 2. must
4. b 8. a 3. hast
5. a 4. dn’thavet
5. aeequiedt
2 page 46 6. weesuppsedt
7. weentsuppsedt
 AnaRaywillstatanewchild-caecenteate
 gets   gets  8. willhavet
shewillgetachild-caelicense.Onceshewillgetthe 9. aeequiedt
will 
license,shewillemdelhehme.Bynextall,shehave 2 A page 51

tunedthefstintachild-caecente.Bythen,he
will have  2.
3. Yucan/maytalkttheteache.
Yucan/mayasktheteachehelpwithdiectins.
amilymvedtthesecnd.Bythetimethecente 4. Yucan’t/mayntuseyuntes.

opens  working
 willhavepened,Anawillhavebeenwkedwithchilden 5. Yucan/mayuseadictinay.
6. Yucan’t/maynthaveyutextbkspen.
10yeas.Shewillbewkingbyheselwhenshe
open B page 52
fstwillpenhebusiness,butshemayexpand.Bythis 2. Culdyuuse
will have 
timenextyea,shehasdecidedwhetheanexpansinis 3. weeallwedtask 
will  4. ween’t/weentallwedtbing 
 pssible.Shehavemademanycntactsbythen,sshewill 5. culdn’t/culdntpen

beabletfndmanycustmes. 6. ween’t/weentallwedttalk 

Self-Assessment pages 46–47 Modals


of Abilityand Modal-like Expressions
1. b 4. a 7. c 10. b 13. b
2. a 5. b 8. c 11. c 14. b
1 page 53
3. a 6. a 9. c 12. c 15. a
 Phtgaphicmemyccuswhenapesn
is able to remember 
isableemembealageamuntinmatinaccuately.
Unit 7 Social Modals can have 
Expetsdisageenwhethentapesncanthave
LearningHowtoRemember
aphtgaphicmemy.Smeexpetssayitisextemely
are able to remember 
Modals and Modal-like Expressions ae.eysaythatsmechildenaeabletemembeing
of Advice and Regret aren’t/are not able to do
altinmatin.Hweve,asadults,theyntabletd
1 pages 48–49 this.Otheexpetssaythatphtgaphicmemydes
2. shuld 5. shuldnt ntexist.
3. ’dbettent 6. ’dbette
4. mightnt 7. shuldnt  Manypeplethinkthataphtgaphicmemywuld
2 page 49 bewndeul.Smeeseachessaythisisnttue.When
 Possible answers: 
are able to store 
 peplehavephtgaphicmemy,theyaeableste
2. might/culd
3. might/culd ageatdealinmatin,likeacmputedatabase.
4. shuld/ughtt/hadbette Hweve,theymightemembealtinmatinthat

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isntnecessayeveydaylie.Reseachessaythat catalittlebitlnge.ecatemembeedtheblckwas
can use 
memyisnlyimptantwhenpeplecanuseditin theeupt10minutes.Ate10minutesplay,thecat
theieveydaylives.Ipepleemembeeveythingthey tippedvetheblck.Annewassupised.Shethught
won’t/will not be able to organize  have 
see,ead,andhea,theywillbentabletganizethe thecatshuldemembeedtheblck.

inmatininauseulwayandecallitquicklywhen  Annecncludedthatcatshavememiesabut
did not have to turn in
theyneedit.Als,smetimespeplewithphtgaphic 10minutes.Shemustnthavetunedinheesultsight
can’t/cannot orget 
memycangetntthingstheydn’twantt away,sshedecidedttesthetheywithmecats.
emembe. Shebwed10catsmashelteandepeatedthe
was 
 Smeexpetssaythatphtgaphicmemyisnt expeiment.Sheallwedtkeepthecatssevealdays.

smethingpepleaebnwith.eybelievethatpeple eesultsweethesame.Anne’sbssthughttheesults
can remember 
 whcantemembelageamuntsinmatinhave  weesuccessul,butshehadsmeciticisms.Shethught
can do have 
twkhadsthattheycantdthis. thatAnneshuldtestedevenmecatsheexpeiment.
^  have 
2 page 54 ShealsthughtAnne’sntesshuldincludedme

2. Hweve,theyaeabletmemizehispiecesby details.
 pacticingalt. was 
3. Hiseditculdn’t/culdntundestandhw  Annesuppsedtetunthecatsttheshelte.She

Sheeshevskywasabletemembeeveythinghe did not have to fnd 
head. mustnthaveundhmesthecats,butshewantedt.
4. ejunalistwasabletemembealnglist
numbes. Self-Assessment pages 56–57
5. Hweve,mststudentsaen’t/aentablet
emembeinmatinwithutstudying. 1. a 4. a 7. b 10. c 13. c
2. b 5. c 8. a 11. a 14. b
3 page 54 3. a 6. b 9. c 12. a 15. c
2. culdhaveleaned
3. culdhavegtten
4. culdn’thavegiven Unit 8 Modals of Probability:
5. culdn’thaveead
Present, Future, and Past
6. culdn’thavepassed
ComputersandCrime
Avoid Common Mistakes
Modals of Present Probability
1 page 55
2. a 6. c 1 page 58
3. c 7. b 2. maynt 5. culdn’t
4. b 8. a 3. mightnt 6. hast
5. b 4. shuld 7. might
2 page 56 2 page 59
was  2. might/culd/may  6. may/might/culd
 AnnePaksuppsedtceateanexpeimentttestthe 3. culdn’t/can’t 7. shuld/ughtt

memiescats.Shedevelpedthellwingtest.Sheput 4. must/hast 8. must/hast
was  5. can’t/culdn’t 9. havet/must
ablckbetweenacatandateat.ecatallwedtgetthe

teat,buttheblckwasintheway.efsttimethecat Modals of Future Probability
tiedtgettheteat,ittippedvetheblck.esecnd
1 A page 60
time,itemembeedtheblckwastheeandsteppedve  Possible answers: 
it.Annethenplayedwiththecatinanthemandthen 2. willpay 
3. wn’t/willntspend
epeatedtheexpeiment.Eachtimesheplayedwiththe 4. wn’t/willntfnish

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 5. shuldgetormightgetorwillget fndweaknessesinthesystem.Einthinksthatshe


 6. willtake may 
 7. mightntbe mustenjythistypewkishegetsthejb.She
be 
 8. mightknworshuldknw  mightstatingthejbinthenextewweeks.
 9. willbeorshuldbe ^  be 
10. wn’t/willnttake  IEindesgetthejb,shewn’tfxingthepblems.
will  ^ 
11. shuldfnish
Instead,shemustbepepaingaepttthecmpany.
B page 61 SmeneelsewillfxthepblemsbecauseEindesn’t
 Possible answers: 
 2. Niclewillbetakingclassesinthesumme. havetheexpeiencetdthat.Sheisupsetthatshecannt
 3. Niclemay/might/culdbetakingaclassintheall. fxpblemsaswellbecauseshewuldmakememney.
 4. Nicleshuld/ughtt/may/might/culdbe not 
gaduatinginJanuay.  Untunately,sheculdhaventgttenadegeein
 5. Niclemay/might/culdbegettingapmtin ^ 
inJanuay. stwaedevelpmentbecausehecllegedidn’te
 6. Niclewn’tbelkinganewjbinJanuay. stwaedevelpmentclasses.Instead,shestudied
2 page 61 cmputesecuitysystems.
 Answers will vary. not 
 Einmighthaventgttenthejbssheapplied,

Modals of Past Probability butthat’sOK.She’seallyhpeulabuthechances
will 
thisjb.Ishegetsthejbanddeswell,maybeshemust
1 page 62
2. b 5. a gbacktschlnceshe’smakingmemney.
3. a 6. b
4. b Self-Assessment pages 64–65
2 pages 62–63 1. a 4. a 7. b 10. b 13. b
 Possible answers:  2. c 5. c 8. c 11. a 14. b
 2. S ilviamust/culd/mighthavebeenablackhathacke. 3. a 6. b 9. a 12. c 15. c
Shemust/culd/mighthavestlensmene’scedit
cad.
 3. Debbiemust/culd/mighthavebeenawhitehat Unit 9 Nouns and Modifying Nouns
hacke.Shemust/culd/mighthavebkeninta
cmputesystemlegally.Shemust/culd/mighthave
testedthecmpany’ssecuitysystem. AttitudesTowardNutrition
 4. Claiemust/culd/mighthavebeenahbbyhacke. Nouns
Shemust/culd/mighthavehackedintthepgam
un.Shemust/culd/mighthavehadenugh
1 page 66
mneytpaythepgams.
2. Smeexpetssayit’shealthytgetanhuexecise
 5. Calmust/culd/mighthavebeenapheake.
daily.
Hemust/culd/mighthavehackedintthephne
3. Smepepleneedtdinksixclasseswate
cmpany’scmputesystem.
eveyday.
4. atdietistexteme.
Avoid Common Mistakes 5. Yushuldeattheemealsaday.
6. It’sOKthaveasnackduingtheday.
1 pages 63–64 7.  Achildneedsthaveadietwithenughcalciumt

2. b 6. a buildbnes.
3. b 7. c 8. Itishealthytaddsmestawbeiestyuceeal.
4. a 8. c
5. c 2 pages 66–67
2. nins  9. nutitin
2 page 64 3. wate 10. vegetables
 Possible answers:  4. salt 11. health
be  5. sup 12. advice
 Einmightgettingajbasawhitehathackealage 6. diet 13. inmatin
^  be 
cmputecmpany.Shemaywkingwithnetw 7. weight 14. execise
^  8. lss
thepeplettestthesystem.ehackeswilltyt
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3 page 67  8. geatFenchcee


2. Yucanhavechicken.Yucan’t/cannthavebee.  9. unnewexecise
3. Yucanhavefsh.Yucan’t/cannthavepasta. 10. deliciusstawbey 
4. Yucanhavenuts.Yucan’t/cannthaveckies.
5. Yucanhavebead.Yucan’t/cannthavednuts. Avoid Common Mistakes
6. Yucanhavevegetables.Yucan’t/cannthaveuit.
7. Yucanhaveygut.Yucan’t/cannthaveeggs. 1 page 71
8. Yucanhavetea.Yucan’t/cannthavecee. 2. b 6. b
4 page 68 3.
4. aa 7.
8. ac
 Possible answers: 
5. c
2.  eichdn’talwayshaveabettediet.oreich
alwayshaveabettediet. 2 page 72
3. eeducatedknwwhatkindsdaehealthy.or meals 
eeducateddn’tknwwhatkindsdaehealthy.  Allmealaeimptant,butbeakastisthemst
4. Itcanbehadthepthavehealthyeatinghabits.
orItisnthadthepthavehealthyeating imptantmealtheday.It’ssmetimeshadtget
habits. childenteatbeakast.Heeisaecipethatchilden
5. esickshuldexeciseegulaly.oresickshuldn’t fve-year-old 
execiseegulaly. lve,andevenafve-yeas-ldchildcanmakeit!Putd
coloring three-ounce  
clingsintathee-uncesglassmilk.Useyuchild’s
Noncount Nouns as Count Nouns bread 
avitecl.engiveyuchildtwslicesbeads.
1 page 68 Letyuchildpaintaaceneachslicewithaclean
2. cheese;cheeses 6. sups;sup
3. meat;meats 7. d;ds  paintbushandthecledmilk.Putthebeadintthe
children
4. uits;uit 8. juice;juices taste.Remveitandaddsmebutte.Mstchildlvethe
5. tea;teas
unaces!
2 page 69 are 
2. twcups  6. abit   ManyecipesthiskindisntheKidsEatwebsite.
3. theecups  7. eightglasses  KidsEatisanganizatinthathelpschildeneatbette.
4. apund  8. anhu  are 
5. fveteaspns  epepleattheganizatinisdedicatedtimpving
recipes 
childen’seatinghabits.eecipeaeeasytllwand
3 page 69 delicius!
2. twcups;cn 6. Aewdps;il
3. Apiece;watemeln 7. Twquats;wate
4. Aglass;milk  8. agame;basketball Self-Assessment pages 72–73
5. apinch;salt
1. b 4. c 7. a 10. b 13. b
Modifying Nouns 2. b 5. b 8. c 11. c 14. c
3. c 6. c 9. b 12. c 15. c
1 page 70
2. Ithasanenmusectangulaswimmingpl.
3. Ithasgeatmdenexeciseequipment. Unit 10 Articles and Quantifiers
4. eeaebigundmetalweights. Color
5. egymesppulaygaclasses.
6. egymhasawndeulnewEupeancaé.
7. ecaésevesdeliciuslagebwlsuit. Indefinite Article, Definite Article,
8. eeaealshealthyJapaneseteasinthecaé. and No Article
2 pages 70–71 1 page 74
2. newcttn 2. the  7. a
3. blueandwhiteorwhiteandblue 3. a  8. e
4. geatblack  4. a  9. a
5. edandyellworyellwanded 5. a 10. e
6. uglygeenandpupleoruglypupleandgeen 6. the
7. lvelyantiqueceamic

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2 page 74 • Puttingunusualclstgetheisalsgingtbea
2. the;Ø 5. Ø
tendinashin–example,weainged,ange,and
3. Ø 6. Ø
4. Ø;the  pupletgethe.eseclsusuallydn’tgtgethe.
a lot 
3 page 75  M.Wilsnhasbeensuccessulatpickingaltcl
2. A;the 6. a;Ø an
tendsinthepast.AnnaRamiez,whisinteidesigne,
3. an 7. the ^ 
4. Ø;e 8. the alwayscnsidesPhil’sadvice.Shesays,“Lastyea,hesaid
5. Ø 9. a thatpuplewuldbeppula,andve50pecentmy
Quantifiers clientswantedpupleintheihmes.isyea,I’mging
a lot 
tbeeadytuseeathyclsandaltange!”
1 page 75
2. Alt  6. Sme;aew 
3. Nne  7. Many;ntalt  Self-Assessment pages 78–79
4. Quiteaew;ntmany  8. Aew;nne  1. b 4. c 7. a 10. c 13. b
5. Alt;n 2. b 5. b 8. b 11. b 14. a
3. a 6. c 9. a 12. a 15. c
2 page 76
2. little 5. Aew 
3. aew  6. alittle
4. Few  7. ew  Unit 11 Pronouns
3 page 76
UnusualWorkEnvironments
3. alittle  10. many 
4. Ntmany  11. Sme  Reflexive Pronouns
5. sme  12. aew 
6. Ntmuch  13. Many  1 page 80
7. alt  15. n 
8. aew  16. All  Subject Object Reflexive
Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun
9. quiteaew  17. ageatdeal 
1. I me myself  

Avoid Common Mistakes 2. you (singular) you yourself  


3. he him himself  
1 page 77 4. she her herself  
2. c 6. a 5. it it itself  
3. a 7. b
4. c 8. a 6. we us ourselves
5. c 7. you (plural) you yourselves
8. they them themselves
2 page 78
a  2 pages 80–81
 PhilWilsnisclecaste.Helksatwhatcls
^  many  2. himsel  6. yuselves
 willbeppulainmuchaeaslikeashinandintei 3. yusel  7. itsel 
4. themselves 8. uselves
design.Lkattheclshesayswillbecmeppula. 5. hesel 

• Oangeisgingtbeveyppulathisyeainclthing 3 page 81
andinthehme. 2. itsel   7. himsel 
Many  3. they   8. themselves
• Mucheathycls,likeshadesbwn,geen,and 4. them  9. them
blue,willbeppulainhmedecating.Hweve, 5. themselves 10. him
6. themselves 11. yusel 
theseeathyclsaen’tgingtbeppulainashin.
many 
•  Weaingmuchclsatthesametimewillbe

a lot 
ashinable.Weaingaltclstgetheisgingt
beeallyppulawithteenages.
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4 page 82 2 page 86
2. yuselves 6. yusel/yuselves 2. anywhee; Answers will vary.
3. byhesel  7. himsel  3. eveyne/eveybdy; Answers will vary.
4. himsel  8. mysel  4. anything; Answers will vary.
5. bythemselves 9. yuselves/yusel  5. nthing; Answers will vary.

Pronouns with Other 


   Another 
 /   Avoid Common Mistakes

12.page 83
Antheis 5. ethesae 1 page 87
2. b 6. c
3. Othesae 6. Othesae 3. b 7. c
4. ethesae 4. c 8. c
5. a
2 page 83
 2. thes 2 page 88
 3. eachthe
 4. thes  Manycmpanieshaveunusualwkenvinments,but
others 
 5. thes smeaemeunusualthanthe.
3 page 84 •  AtGeenMuntainCeeRastes,emplyeescang

 2. eachthe/neanthe
 3. eachthe/neanthe takeaclassatthensitemeditatincente.ee,they
 4. thethe themselves 
cangivetheiselvessmetimetelax,andtheng
 5. eachthe/neanthe
 6. eachthe/neanthe backtwk.
 7. anthe
 8. eachthe/neanthe/thes •  AtChesapeakeEnegyCp.,emplyeescantake

 9. anthe scuba-divingclasses.Smeemplyeeswktwad
10. anthe Others 
11. ethe ascuba-divingcetifcatin.Othejusttaketheclasses
12. anthe un.
13. thethe
•  AtTupanin,apethealthinsuancecmpany,

receives 
Indefinite Pronouns eveybdyeceiveeepetinsuancetheicatdg.

1 A page 85 •  Anumbecmpanieseageatbeneft:eveyne

 gets 
People Places Things getaeelunch.FactSetReseachisnecmpanythat
others 
anybody nobody anywhere anything desthis,andtheincludeGgle,Facebk,and
anyone no one everywhere everything Netix.
everybody somebody nowhere nothing
• CamdenPpetyTustgivesadiscunttemplyees
everyone someone somewhere something
 whliveinthebuildingsthecmpanywns.Anyne
B pages 85–86 pays 
 2. Anybdy/Anyne mthecmpanypay20pecentlessinent.
 3. anywhee/eveywhee • Micstgivesemplyeeseegceydelivey.Itals
 4. Anybdy/Anyne  gives 
 5. smething  matchesdnatinsthatanynegivetachaity.e
himsel 
 6. smewhee
 7. Eveybdy/Eveyne undethecmpanyhisselgivesaltmneyt
 8. anything/eveything  chaity.
 9. eveybdy/eveyne
10. nbdy/nne
Self-Assessment pages 88–89
11. nwhee
12. anywhee 1. b 4. c 7. c 10. a 13. b
2. a 5. b 8. c 11. b 14. c
3. a 6. a 9. b 12. c 15. a

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Unit 12 Gerunds Gerunds After Nouns + of 


GettinganEducation 1 page 93
2. Sheundestandstheimptancegingtcllege.
Gerunds as Subjects and Objects 3. Shethinksthecstattendingcllegeisexpensive.
4. Sheistyingtfgueutthebestwaypaying
1 page 90 cllege.
 Gettinganeducatinisimptanttmanyyung 5. She’sntsueabutthebenefttakingutastudent
 pepleintheUnitedStates.Inact,yungpeplemustget
aneducatin.Statingschlatagefve,evenyunge lan.
6. Sheisexcitedabutthepssibilitygettingagant.
itheygtpeschl,isnmalmststudents.It
dependsnthestate,butmststudentsdn’tfnish 2 page 94
studyinguntiltheyae1718.Studentsgtelementay 2. wayspending 
schl,middleschl(smetimescalledjunihigh 3. isknthaving 
schl),andthenhighschl. 4. advantagebwing 
 Manyhighschlsaeeingclassesthatpepae 5. disadvantagegetting 
studentscllege–example,advancedEnglish,math, 6. eapaying 
andscienceclasses.eseclassesaecalledcllegepep
classes.Hweve,ntattendingcllegeisanptin.Sme Avoid Common Mistakes
studentsenjygettingajbightutschl.Taking
 vcatinalcuses,suchascaepaicmputeskills,is 1 pages 94–95
anptinhighschlstudentswhaentplanningt
gtcllege. 2.
3. aa 6.
7. ac
4. c 8. c
2 page 90 5. c
2. wking  6. becming 
3. mving  7. Paying  2 page 95
4. Planning  8. helping  spending
5. becming   Atespendtwyeasatacmmunitycllege,Pam
3 page 91 decidedthatshedidntwantttansettheu-yea
 Answers will vary. becoming
univesityinhecity.Shethughtabutbecmeadg
being
Gerunds After Prepositions taineinstead.Shehaddeamedbeadgtainesince
and Fixed Expressions shewasveyyung.Sheaskedaiendadvice.He
iendsuggestedvlunteeingattheHumaneSciety.
1 page 91 Trying
2. having  5. inapplying  Tytgetajbatapetstetgainexpeiencewas
3. leaning  6. ateducating  antheidea.Heiendalssuggestedeadingbksand
4. nusing  7. abuttying 
aticlesabutdgtaining.Atetalkingtheiend,Pam
Checking
2 pages 92–93 spenttimenlineseachinginmatin.Checkut
was 
2. Heneedstleanabutgettingfnancialaid.  websitesweeanthegdsuggestinmheiend.
3. HecmplainsabutdingseachesntheIntenet. Interviewing
4. He’s/Heisusedtdingeveythingbyhimsel. Inteviewveteinaiansinthecmmunityalsseemed
Becoming
5. HethinksIvanshuldcncentatengettingmney likeagdidea.Becmeadgtainebegantlkme
schl.
6. Headmitstthinkingabuttmanythingsatthe dicultthanshehadealized.Shedecidedttanset
sametime. theunivesitytstudyanimalscienceandvlunteeatthe
7. HeinsistsnhelpingIvan.
8. He’ll/Hewilltakecaesigningupacmpute. HumaneScietyinhespaetime.Cncentatingnhe
is 
3 page 93 studiesaemakinghehappythesedays.Studyinganimal
is 
 Answers will vary. scienceaethebestdecisinshe’sevemade!

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Self-Assessment pages 96–97 Infinitives After Adjectives and Nouns


1. c 4. a 7. c 10. a 13. b
1 page 102
2. a 5. c 8. b 11. c 14. c
3. b 6. a 9. a 12. b 15. c  2. isn’t/isntdiculttpst
 3. willbeamazedtdiscveorwillbesupisedtfnd
 4. aeeadytheaoraelikelytbuy 
 5. Dntbeaaidtgiveaway 
Unit 13 Infinitives  6. willbesupisedtfndorwillbeamazedtdiscve

InnovativeMarketingTechniques 7. isn’t/isntnecessaytshck 


 8. aelikelytbuy 
 9. iseasytd
Infinitives with Verbs 10. aeluckytbecme

1 page 98 2 page 103


2. twk  6. ntthave  2. waytget; Answers will vary.
3. tteach 7. tincease  3. chancetsell; Answers will vary.
4. tbecme 8. nttwaste  4. abilitytchange; Answers will vary.
5. tbe  5. timetbuy; Answers will vary.

2 page 99 Avoid Common Mistakes


2. tpaint 6. tadvetise
3. tput/himtput 7. ttake
4. tceate 8. Jimtpaint 12.pages
b
103–104
6. a
5. tleave
3. a 7. c
3 page 99 4. c 8. b
2. Ms.Lindentldhimtspendmemneyn 5. a
advetising.
3. Sheugedhimtuseceativeadvetisingmethds. 2 page 104

4. Heaskedhetgivehimsmeideas.  Falseadvetisingisgivinguntueinmatinabuta


5. Macelchsetputadsinteenmagazines.
6. eadvetisementspesuadedyungcnsumest  pduct.Smestesusealseadvetisingbecausethey
buyMacel’sclthing. to
 wantthatyucmeinside.Heeaesmecmmnms

Infinitives vs. Gerunds alseadvetisingthatstesusetpesuadeyut
buy 
buyingtheipducts:
1 A page 100
2. Niclehatescallingiendsnhecellphne. • Smecmpaniesusepictuesthatmaketheipducts
3. Niclelikestchecke-mailnhecellphne. lkbettethantheyae.Maybeyuseeapictuea
4. Nicledesn’t/desntlikeusingtheIntenetn
hecellphne. geatcmputenline.Whenyugetttheste,the
5. Niclepeesttakepictueswithacamea. cmputelksveydieent.esalespeplethen
6. Niclepeescheckinge-mailnhephne.
7. Niclebegantusetheiphnesevicelastyea. eyuanthe,meexpensive,cmpute.
8. Niclewillcntinueusingtheiphnesevice.
• Smestesadvetisegeatsales.Yulkwadt
B page 101
buying
buythepductyusee,butwhenyugetttheste,
 Answers will vary. to
2 page 101
theitemyuwantbuyisgne.Onceyu’einthe
not 
2. tput  7. tget ste,salespepleugeyutntleavewithutbuying

3. tbing   8. discussing  smething.
4. leaving   9. petending 
5. nthaving  10. ttell • Smeadvetisementssalespeplesayapductcan
6. tdiscuss to
dsmethingthatitcan’td.eycnvincethatyuget

it,andthenyu’edisappintedwhenyugethme.
 Becaeulalseadvetisingwhenyushp.Wedn’t
to
 wantthatyubedisappinted.

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Self-Assessment pages 104–105 4 A page 110


2. Yes,itis
1. b 4. c 7. a 10. a 13. a 3. N,theydidn’t
2. b 5. a 8. b 11. a 14. a 4. Yes,theydid
3. c 6. b 9. b 12. b 15. b 5. Yes,itis

B page 110
Unit 14 Negative Questions 2. A 
3. U
and Tag Questions 4. A 
GeographicMobility 5. A 

5 page 110
Negative Questions  Answers will vary.

1 page 106 Avoid Common Mistakes


2. didn’t;mve 5. Dn’t;stay 
3. Didn’t;change 6. Dn’t;include
4. aen’t 1 page 111
2. c 6. a
2 page 107 3. c 7. b
2. Dn’tyuhaveadegeeinecnmics?;N;Educatin 4. c 8. b
5. a
3. D n’tyuwkatDyettHighSchlnw?;n;Dylan
HighSchl
4. Haven’tyulived/beenlivinginChicagsince2006?; 2 page 112
don’t you
N;2008 Q:  YutavelmplacetplaceinKenya,desn’the?
5. Didn’tyumvetMexicCity?;Yes;2006 Yes, I do
6. Dn’tyuspeakSpanishandPtuguese?;Spanishand A: N.Itavelalt.Imvemplacetplacewiththe
Fench
dctsandnuses.
 Aren’t you
Tag Questions Q:  Yunwkingmstlyinsmalltwns?

1 page 108 A:  Yes,Iam.eeaen’tmanyhspitalsthee.Wehavea



2. aen’tthey   7. hashe smallhspitalinavan.
3. can’tit  8. hasthee don’t you
4. Q:  Yudivethevanmplacetplace,n?
5. isit
dn’tthey  10.
9. willthey 
wuldyu
6. aen’tthey  A:  Well,Idn’tdiveitmysel.Smeneelsedivesit.We

usuallystayinaplaceaewweeks.enwegt
2 pages 108–109
2. mved;didn’tthey;Yes,theydid.ordidn’tmve;did anthetwn.
they;Yes,theydid. it 
3. ispainting;isn’the;N,heisn’t.He’spaintinghuses.or Q:  ismedicalpgamhelpsaltpeple,desn’tshe?
isn’tpainting;ishe;N,heisn’t.He’spaintinghuses. A:  Yes,itdes.Wegivehealthcaetmanypepleinsmall

4. mved;didn’tshe;N,shedidn’t.ShemvedtLndn.
ordidn’tmve;didshe;N,shedidn’t.Shemvedt twns.
Lndn. Don’t you
5. bught;didn’tthey;N,theydidn’t.eybughta Q:  Yungettiedmvingaundsmuch?
No, I don’t 
estauant.ordidn’tbuy;didthey;N,theydidn’t.ey
bughtaestauant. A: Yes.Inevegettied.Ilveit.
6. isliving;isn’tshe;Yes,sheis.orisn’tliving;isshe;Yes, Q:  Newdctswillbecmingtyupgamnext
sheis. won’t they 
 week,n?
3 page 109
A: Yes,theywill.I’mgingtbetainingsixnewdcts.
2. a aren’t you
3. b Q:  enyu’eginghme,isn’tit?
4. a
5. a A: N,I’mnt.Actually,I’mgingtEthipiatsetupa
mbileclinicthee.

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Self-Assessment pages 112–113 5. M s.PipehasnticedthatCanadiansusuallystat


meetingsntime.
1. c 4. a 7. b 10. c 13. b 6. Calinahasealizedsmetimesit’sntimptanttbe
2. a 5. b 8. c 11. a 14. a ntimeinItaly.
3. c 6. c 9. a 12. c 15. a 7. D.RbinsundestandsthatChinesepepletenplan
thingsyeasinadvance.
8. Benguessespepleaen’ttenlatepatiesinJapan.
Unit 15 That Clauses
3 page 116
CulturalValues  Answers will vary.

That Clauses Agreement Between That Clauses


and Main Clauses
1 page 114
Manyjbshavedieentvaluesassciatedwiththem.Hee 1 page 116
aejustaew: 2. Reseachshwsthatmstpepleespecttheipaents.
3. Mstpaentsimaginethattheichildenwillalways/
 Doctors: Dctsvalueeachpatient’slie.eyeven aealwaysgingtespectthem.
that  4. Mstchildenleanthatgandpaentsdeseveespect.
takeanath.eathsaysdctsmust
^  5. Smehistianseelthatpepleshwedthesme
teatsickpepletthebesttheiability. espectinthepast.
Dctsalspmisetkeepapatient’s 6. Sinthepast.
meteachesthinkthatchildenweemeespectul
inmatinpivate. 7. Smeteacheshpethatstudentswill/aegingt
listenbetteintheutue.
 Lawyers: Pivacyisalsimptantinlaw.Lawyes 8. Expetsealizethattendswill/aegingtchange
that  vetime.
knwtheycanntshaeaclient’sinmatin

 withthesitheclientdesn’twantthemt. 2 page 117
2. stand 6. wuldsee
Lawyesalsvalueainess. 3. hadbeenstanding  7. didn’tstand
that  4. like 8. ae
 Teachers: Teachesvalueleaning.eybelieveall
^  5. wee
studentscanlean.

 Dentists: Dentistsvaluegddentalcae.ey
that 
That Clauses After Adjectives and Nouns
knwtheipatientswillhavehealthieteeth 1 page 118

itheybushandssthemeveydayand  Dieentcultueshavedieentviewsnleaning
languages.Whatdyuthinkabutleaninglanguages?
seeadentistegulaly.  JL22: PepleintheUnitedStatestenknwnly
nelanguage,butit’scleathatpeplein
Librarians: Libaiansvalueeading.eyals Eupeusuallyleanmethannelanguage.
that 
thinkpepleshuldbequietinlibaies  KyleK: It’sundestandablethatEupeansknwmany
^  languages.ecuntiesaeclsetgethe,
tletthepeplecncentatenwhat andtheyneedtcmmunicatewitheach
theyaeeading. the.
 DougT: It’suntunatethatpepleintheUnited

 Journalists:  Junalistscaeabutthetuth.ey
 that  Statesdn’tspeakmelanguages.It’ smyview
thattheeaemanybeneftstbeingbilingual!
leantheymustbecectandaiwhen  Mar y96: Itisevidentthatbilingualpeplehave

epting. advantages.It’sundestandablethatbilingual
 peplegetbettejbs.
2 page 115  Sandra: epblemisthatntmanyschlsinthe
2. PaulassumesBaziliansdn’tusuallymindbeinglate UnitedStateseenugheignlanguage
patieswithclseiends. classes.
3. M.IthaseadthatGemansusuallyliketbentime. George06: Idisagee.Myimpessinisthatschlse
4. MelissaeelsAmeicansaesmetimestwied classes,butit’sveychallengingtfndplaces
abuttime. tspeakthelanguagesutsideclass.

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 JavierR: I’mcetainthatpepleinmycuntyvalue thatalmstne-thidthepeplein


languageleaning.Almsteveyneleans Tntspeakaeignlanguageathme.
SpanishandEnglishinschl.
 L1990: Myhpeisthateveynewillspeakbth OvehalthepeplelivinginTnt
SpanishandEnglishinthenext20yeas.  weentbninCanada.
 Mei92: Mycncenisthatpeplewillstillnlybe
bilingual.It’stunatethatwespeakthee  LosAngeles: LsAngelesisanthedivesecity.
languagesinmyamily.
 Isabel: Insmeplacesthee’sabeliethatleaning Reseachshws,thatalmsthal
nlynelanguageisthebest.Iguessthepint theppulatinisLatin,14pecentis
isthataltusdisagee!
 Asian,and9pecentisAicanAmeican.
2 page 119
L.A.isdiveseintheways,t.Expets
2. Itiscleathatdieentcultualvaluesshuldbe Los Angeles / the city / it 
espected. saythatistheceativecapitalthewld.
3. epblemisthatsmethingcnsideedpsitiveby ^ 
necultuemightbecnsideednegativebyanthe.or  London: Onewebsitesaysthat,almstevey
Itisapblemthatsmethingcnsideedpsitiveby cultueinthewldcanbeundin
necultuemightbecnsideednegativebyanthe.
4. ItisinteestingthattheIntenetmighthelpeduce Lndn.elagenumbecultuesis
thesepblemsbymakingpeplemeawaethe
eectedintheestauants,inwhichyu
cultues.
5.  valuesinthecunties.
ehpeisthatpeplewillleanmeabutcultual canfndavaietydmaundthe
6. Itislikelythattheewillbeewecnictsbecause  wld.
dieentcultualvaluesintheutue.  Dubai: Dubaiisquicklybecmingadivesecity.
Dubai / the city / it 
3 page 119 Itissupisingthatwasntdiveseinthe
 Answers will vary. ^ 
 past.Manypeplemaundthewld
Avoid Common Mistakes havemvedtheewk,makingita
glbalcitytday.
1 page 120
2. c 6. c
3. a 7. c Self-Assessment pages 122–123
4. b 8. b 1. b 4. a 7. a 10. b 13. a
5. c 2. c 5. b 8. a 11. c 14. c
3. b 6. c 9. b 12. a 15. a
2 page 121

 eeaemanyplacesinthewldthataecultually
that  Unit 16 Noun Clauses
divese.Itisinteestingpeplewithdieentcultual
^  with Wh- Words and If 
 / Whether 
 valuescantengetalngwellintheseplaces.Heeae
InventionsTheySaidWouldNeverWork
smethemstdivesecitiesinthewld.
has 
NewYorkCity:  ItiscleathatNewYkCityalwaysbeen Noun Clauses with Wh- Words

cultuallydivese.Peplespeakaund
1 page 124
800languagesinthecity.Immigantshave 2. whee 6. hwmany 
3. hwmany;wh 7. which/what
cmetNewYkCitymallvethe 4. when;hw/why  8. what
 wld,andexpetsaecetainthatthe 5. why 
is going to / will 
tendcntinueintheutue. 2 page 125
^  2. whattexpect 6. whatyuget
 Toronto: TntisCanada’smstdivesecity.Itis
3. wheetheitemcmes 7. hwtlk 
tue,thatFenchandEnglishaecial 4. when/wheeyuwant 8. hw/wheetfnd
5. whatyusee 9. Whatpeplesay 
languagesinCanada,buteseachshws

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3 page 125 Avoid Common Mistakes


2. eystilldn’tknwwhenthe“algaeuel”canbeused
incas. 1 pages 129–130
3. Manypeplecaeabutwhathappenswiththe 2. c 6. a
eseach. 3. b 7. c
4. eesultsthepjectmayaecthwwepweu 4. a 8. b
casintheutue. 5. a
5. I’mntsuewhatwillhappenwiththisnewtechnlgy.
6. Hweve,Icanundestandwhysmanypepleae 2 page 130
inteestedinit.
 It’stimeagaintheInvent’sFai.ankyu
Noun Clauses with If 
 /
   Whether  beingajudge.Pleasekeepthesethingsinmindwhenyu
 judgethepjects.
1 page 126
is 
2. thenamewasmthesevantwhpepaeditm • Itdesn’tmattewhatageistheinvent.Anyne
themanwhateit ^ 
3. ithappenedinthe17th18thcentuy  canwin.
4. theeallikedhissandwich is 
• Iyudn’tknwwhatistheinventin,eadthe
5. Sandwichisthenameaplace ^ 
6. theplaceisinEnglandNthAmeica desciptin.
7. thesandwichbecameppulaightaway  whether 
• Testtheinventintseeeitheitwksnt.
2 page 127
3. X    Asyutesteachinventin,askyuselthesequestins
4. Smepepleculdn’tfgueutiEinstein’sinventin thelpyupickawinne.
 waspacticalnt.
5. I’dliketfndutitday’svesinispactical. • Cananynefgueuthwtheinventinwks?
6. X   whether 
7. Idn’tknwitday’svesinwillhavefnancial • Canyutellwethenttheinventinwuldbeuseul
successnt. indailylie?Whmwuldithelp?
whether 
3 pages 127–128 • Dyuknwwethetheinventinisuniquent?
2. Idn’tcaewhethetheRingPhnetheScte
Sheswillmakememney. Desitaleadyexist?
3. ey’etyingtdecideitheRingPhnetheScte whether 
Sheswillgetfstpize. • Itshuldn’tmatteeithentyulikeit.Judgethe
4. Idn’temembewhethemycusininventedtheRing inventinniitisagdideant.Hwuseulisit
PhnetheScteShes.
5. I’mtyingtfndutitheRingPhnetheScte tpeple?
whether 
Sheswillgetapatentfst. • einventseadyucmmentseithethey’egd
6. Ican’tfgueutwhethetheRingPhnetheScte
Sheswillbemepactical. bad.Iyudn’tliketheinventin,pleasewiteyu
cmmentsplitely.
Noun Clauses in Direct
and Indirect Questions Self-Assessment pages 130–131

1 page 128
1. b 4. a 7. b 10. b 13. c
2. a 5. c 8. c 11. a 14. b
2.
3. Iwaswndeingwhinventedhaithatcmesinacan.
Canyuexplainhwthepductwks? 3. c 6. b 9. a 12. a 15. a
4. I’dliketknwwhysmenewuldwanttputcled
 pwdenhishehead.
5. Iwanttfndutianynebuysthispduct.
6. Cananynetellmewhethethepducteallylks
likehai?

2 page 129
 Answers will vary.

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Unit 17 Direct Speech 2 pages 135–136


2. a 5. c
and Indirect Speech 3. b 6. c
HumanMotivation 4. b

Direct Speech Indirect Speech Without Tense Shift

1 page 132 1 pages 136–137

2. said 6. said 2. D iegsaid(that)theeaemanywaystemain


mtivatedduingdiculttimesatwk.
3. said 7. said
4. said 8. asked 3.  Jesaid(that)avidsdistactinbyntcheckinghis

5. asked 9. said e-mailallday.
4. Tngsaid(that)checkinge-mailwastesalttime.
2 page 133 5. Biansaid(that)hedesn’tchecke-mailveyten
 2. “Beakastmtivatesmetgetup,”Jingsaid,“andI atwk.
alwayslkwadtacupcee.”or“Beakast 6.  Adamsaid(that)hebkehiswkdwnintsmall

mtivatesmetgetup,”saidJing,“andIalwayslk  pats.
wadtacupcee.” 7. Einsaid(that)calendaseallyhelphestayn
 3. Danasaid,“Nthingmtivatesmetgetutbed!” schedule.
 4. “Whatabutyu?”askedKyleor“Whatabutyu?”
Kyleasked. 2 page 137
 Answers will vary.
 5. “mtivatesme,”saidIan.
esunisemtivatesme,”Iansaidor“esunise
 8. Kylesaid,“It’sinteestingthateveyne’sanswewas Other Reporting Verbs
dieent.”
 9.  Jingasked(Kyle),“Whatabutyu?Whatmtivates
 1 page 138
 yutgetutbed?” 2. cnessed 5. swe
10. “eIntenet!”Kylesaidor“eIntenet!”saidKyle. 3. tld 6. cnvinced
4. explained
3 page 134
 2. Calsaid,“Execisingduinglunchhelpsmestay 2 page 138
mtivatedatwk.”or“Execisingduinglunchhelps 2. tBeatizthatlisteningtmusicis/wasagdwayt
mestaymtivatedatwk,”Calsaid staymtivated.
 3. “Mydeadlineskeepmemtivatedatwk,”saidEica. 3. JiAhthatthegymwill/wuldbeclsednSunday 
 4. “I’mawaite,”saidJsh,“sI’mmtivatedbytips.”or
“I’mawaite,sI’mmtivatedbytips,”saidJsh. 4.  wasn’tgingwellatall
tCythatit/hisexeciseplan/theexeciseplan
 5. Raaelsaid,“Mymanagemtivatesmetwkhad.” 5. Amandathattheesultswuldbewthit
or“Mymanagemtivatesmetwkhad,”Raael 6. AnnethatJilllst/hadlsttenpundslastmnth
said. 7. tClaiethatygawill/wuldhelpwithftness
 6. “Idn’tneedextenalmtivatin,”saidAlisn,
“becauseI’mnatuallymtivated.”or“Idn’tneed
extenalmtivatinbecauseI’mnatuallymtivated,” Avoid Common Mistakes
saidAlisn.
 7. “Myjbmtivatesmetgetupinthemning,”said 1 page 139
Chis. 2. c 6. b
 8. Maxasked,“Isitdiculttfndmtivatinatyu 3. a 7. c
 jb?”or“Isitdiculttfndmtivatinatyujb?” 4. a 8. b
Maxasked. 5. c

2 page 140
Indirect Speech
 Musiccanbeveymtivatinal.D.OliviaHalstnsaid,
1 pages 134–135      ^ ^
” 
Musiccanmakedicultjbsseemeasie.Sheexplained
         ”

 2. said(that)thestudentshadleanedabutthe to had 


19thcentuy  usthatmusicaectsthebain.Shesaidthatshehave
 3. said(that)histywasaninteestingsubject ^ 
 4. said(that)theteachewastalkingabutinspiing discveedthatmusicmakesthebainhappy.Wewanted
leadesnTuesday  tknwhwmusicmtivatesueades,swedidan
 5. said(that)theclasswasgingtahistymuseum
nlinesuveytaskabuttheimusichabitsvea

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listened 
ne-mnthpeid.Manyeadessaidthattheylistent  7. heaskedJillwhthemanagethedepatmentwas
 8. JillaskediheknewAnde
musicmtivatinwhentheyexecisedduingthattime.  9. askedishewantedtgetsmelunch
     ^
Fexample,Lien,a22-yea-ldnuse,said,Ilistent
         ”

     ^ to
” 
musicnmyheadphneswhenIexecise.Sheeptedus Indirect Imperatives, Requests,
^  and Advice
thatitmadehewkutgaste.Otheeadesadmitted
to
usthattheylistenedtmusicwhentheydidhusewk. 1 page 145
^  would 
 Jack,astudent,saidthatnextSatudayhewillpbably  2. saidtlistentmusic
 3. saidtbainstmideas
 playmusicbytheRllingStneswhenhecleanedthe  4. saidnttwatchTV 
     ^  5. saidteadasmuchaspssible
huse.“Itwn’tmakecleaningun,”hesaid,butitwill
         ”

 6. saidnttsitatadeskallday 
     ^
makeitbette.”   7. saidtmeditate20minuteseveyday 
 8. saidtexeciseatleastutimeseveyweek 
 9. saidttalktiendsandclleagues
Self-Assessment pages 140–141
1. c 4. b 7. b 10. c 13. c 2 page 146
2. c 5. b 8. a 11. b 14. c  2. D.Tayltldhimnttdinksdaceeate
3. a 6. a 9. a 12. a 15. b 11:00a.m.
 3. D.Tayltldthemtwitedwntheipblems
beediscussingthem.
 4. D.Tayltldhimtstpusinghisphne.
Unit 18 Indirect Questions; Indirect  5. D.Tayltldusnttwyabutsmallpblems.
Imperatives, Requests, and Advice  6. D.Taylaskedtmeetnusdayinstead.
 7. D.Tayltldthemnttignepblemswhen
CreativeProblemSolving theyccued.
 8. D.Taylaskedhetlknlinejb
Indirect Questions pptunities.
 9. D.TaylaskedNayungttalkthiseceptinist
1 pages 142–143 abuthisbills.
2. T 10. D.Tayltldthemtleantmanagethei
3. F;Mataaskeditheyculdstatsellingtheipducts timebette.
nline.
4. F;Binaskedwhentheywuldbeabletstatselling
itemsnline. Avoid Common Mistakes
5. T 1 page 147
6. T 2. c 6. c
7. F;Ms.Otegaaskedwhculdceateapagethem. 3. c 7. b
8. T 4. a 8. a
9. F;Ms.OtegaaskedBinihehadEd’scntact 5. b
inmatin.
2 page 148
2 pages 143–144
2. JackaskedFenishewasunhappyatwk.  Aeyuaceativepesn?D.LydiaGacia,acunsel
3. Fenaskedhimishehadtwkuntil6:00p.m. to go
4.  JackaskedFenishehadapblemwithhewk
  whhelpspeplefndjbs,saysthatwegatethejb
schedule.  yudeams.Heeaesmegeatjbsceativepeple.
5. FenaskedJackisheculdleaveealytpickup
hechilden. InteriorDesigner:  WeaskedinteidesigneJulie

6. JackaskedFenishehadapblemwithhebabysitte. i  thought 
Newtndidshethinkhejbwas
7. FenaskedJackishewuldbeallwedtwkm us 
hmetmw. ceative.Shetldthatitwas.She

3 page 144 explainedthatinteidesignesneed
3. JillaskedDanihehadeptedthepblemyet tbeceativewithcls,pattens,
4. DanaskedJillwheeheculdeptthepblem
5. JillaskedihehadtalkedttheITdepatment andlight.
6. enJillaskedihewantedhetgwithhim

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 Photographer : Phtgaphesneedthavea 2 pages 150–151


ceativeeye.Weaskedphtgaphe  2. Englishisusedataiptsandtainstatins.
i he   3. CmmandsinEnglishaetypedncmputes.or
CyDavisculdhetellusthe CmmandsaetypedinEnglishncmputes.
^   4. E-mailsaebeingwitteninEnglish.orE-mailsin
mstimptanttipbeingagd Englishaebeingwitten.
to
 phtgaphe.Hesaidthatwebe  5.  AnnuncementsaemadeinEnglishatintenatinal

events.orAnnuncementsinEnglishaemadeat
uniqueandnttdwhateveyne intenatinalevents.
elsedes.  6. Englishsngsaeheadinmanyplaces.
 7. HwisEnglishusedinyucunty?
 Teacher: Teacheshavetthinkceative  8. AebusinessmeetingsbeingcnductedinEnglish?
 9. AestudentsaskedteadEnglish-languagebks?
 waysthelpstudentslean.Teache
DebbieMganhas25students.She 3 page 151
 2. hasbeencalled
saysthatshe’salwaysthinkingnew  3. haven’t/haventbeentanslated
 waysthelphestudentslean.She  4. havebeentaken
her students / them  5. havebeenleaned
tellstdtheibest,andshehelps  6. hasbeenbught

themdit. 4 pages 151–152

 Chef: Gdchesaeceativeches.Peple  2.


3. wasntbeingused
weestated
likeavaietydieentkinds  4. hasbeenspead
ds.WeaskedCheAsamiTanaka  5. isalsbeingtaught
i  thought   6. havebeenmade
didshethinkitwasimptanttbe  7. isused
us   8. aebeingcnducted
ceativeinthekitchen.Shetldthatit  9. aebeingwitten

 was.Sheexplainedthatpeplewant
5 page 152
dthattastesgd,buttheyals  2. bytheDukeAthll
 wantittlknice.  3. bytheDuke
 4. bymeandmepeple
 5. byewethan200inhabitants
 Aeanythesejbsyu?Whateveyud,llw
to  6. bythepeple
D.Gacia’sadvice.Shesaidthatyufndajbthat’sight  7. bythegvenment
yu.  8. byteaches
 9. byve1,500peple
10. bypeple
Self-Assessment pages 148–149
1. b 4. c 7. b 10. c 13. b Verbs and Objects with the Passive
2. c 5. a 8. b 11. a 14. c
3. c 6. c 9. b 12. a 15. b 1 pages 152–153
 2. I
 3. T;eLatinalphabetisused(bymanypeple)aund
Unit 19 The Passive (1) thewld.
EnglishasaGlobalLanguage  4.
5. IT;Awitingsystembasednealiealphabetswas
ceated(bytheRmans).
Active vs. Passive Sentences  6. I
 7. I
1 page 150  8. I
2. A   6. P  9. T;LettesnancientRmanmnumentsaeeasily
3. P 7. A   ecgnizedbymanytuiststItaly.
4. A   8. P
5. P

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2 page 153  waystimpvetheipnunciatininEnglishalng


2. IO;eaudiencewastldthehistyEnglishsince oered 
time.Manypnunciatinclassesaeeingatschls.
thefthcentuy(bythenaat).
3. DO;Exampleschangesinthelanguagevethe Peplealslistentnativespeakestimpve.What
centuiesweeeedttheaudiencebythenaat. were 
orExampleschangesinthelanguagevethe  pnunciatintipsyuweetaught?Whichnesaeyu

centuiesweeeedbythenaatttheaudience. using?
orExampleschangesinthelanguagevethe
centuiesweeeedttheaudience.
4. IO;Viewesweeshwnsmethevaietiesspken Self-Assessment pages 156–157
English(bythemviemakes). 1. c 4. c 7. b 10. c 13. b
5. IO;emviemakesweegivensamplesspeechby 2. a 5. a 8. b 11. c 14. c
Englishspeakesmdieentplaces. 3. a 6. a 9. b 12. c 15. b
6. DO;edieencesbetweenBitishEnglishand
 AmeicanEnglishweeshwn(bythenaat).
Unit 20 The Passive (2)
Reasons for Using the Passive
FoodSafety
1 page 154
2. weeincluded The Passive with Be Going To and Modals
3. weeasked
4. weecmpaed
5. weeexamined 1 pages 158–159
 2.  WillpubliccncensabutGMdsaetybe

6. weepublished educed?;’ll/willbeeduced;wn’t/willntbeeduced
 3.  WillmeandmeGMdsbepuchased(by

2 pages 154–155 cnsumes)?;willbebught(bycnsumes);wn’t/will
2. havebeenpesented 6. wasmade ntbebught(bycnsumes)
3. wascnducted 7. wasepted  4.  WillthesaetyGMdsbecnfmed(by

4. weepublished 8. isbeingstudied eseach)?;’ll/willbecnfmed(byeseach);wn’t/
5. aespken  willntbecnfmed(byeseach)
 5.  WillGMdsbeegulatedmestictlybyme

Avoid Common Mistakes cunties?;wn’t/willntbeegulatedmestictlyby
mecunties;’ll/willbeegulatedmestictlyby
1 pages 155–156 mecunties

2. ac
3. 6. ab
7. 2 page 159
4. b 8. b  2. is;gingtbetalked
5. b  3. hasbeendne
 4. havebeenused
2 page 156  5. aegingtbehamed
used   6. aegingtbegivenorhavebeengiven
 Englishisuseinmanycuntiesaundthewld.  7. isgingtbedne
 8. havebeengwn
Itissmetimesadicultlanguagetlean.  9. haven’t/haventbeentested
is 
Pnunciatinknwntbedicultsmepeple. 10. havebeenmade
^  pronounced  11. aegingtbeseen
Fexample,the j asitispnuncinginEnglishwds
(like June)canbedicultSpanishspeakes.atis 3 page 160
 2. maybemdifed
becausethesamesunddesntccuinSpanish.  3. mightbesld
 VwelsaealsdicultmstleanesEnglish.  4. culdbekept
ound   5. mayntbeknwn
ManyvwelsundsaefndinginEnglish.Ameicans  6. culdbedamaged
use   7. mustbetested
aeusedabutfteenvwelsunds.Als,thevwel  8. mightbecaused
are 
sundspnuncedabitdieentlyindieentplacesin
^  have been inding / have ound  4 page 160
theEnglish-speakingwld.Leaneshavebeenund  Answers will vary.

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Get Passives Interviewer:  Andwhathappenedtthseemplyees?



Did   get 
 Weetheyfed?
1 page 161 ^ 
2. getscntaminated  Mr.Harris:  Yes,Ifedthem.AtChedCheese,wetake

3. desn’t/desntgetcked
saetyseiusly.
4. dn’t/dntgetwashed
 got 
5. getsdpped Interviewer: Yucmpanywasshutdwn,ight?
6. getsput didn’t get 
2 page 161  Mr.Harris:  Yes,butitwasn’tshutdwnbythe

2. ezenptatesaegettingecalledbecausethey gvenment.Idecidedtclsethe
gtlabeledincectly. actyanddathughcleaning
3. efshisn’t/isntgettingecalledbecauseitdidn’t/did
ntgetcntaminated. uequipment.We’egingtepenn
4. echclatemilkisgettingecalledbecauseitdidn’t/ Mnday,andIwantcnsumestknwit
didntgetpcessedcectly.
5. ehtdgsaen’t/aentgettingecalledbecause  willbesaetbuyucheeseagain.
theydidn’t/didntgetdamagedbybacteia.
6. euitdinksaegettingecalledbecausethey Interviewer: ankyuyutime,M.Hais.
didn’t/didntgetpackagedcectly.
Passive Gerunds and Infinitives
3 page 162

Interviewer:  Lastweek,1,000casescheesemadeby 1 page 163


 got  2. beinginmedortbeinmed
ChedCheese,Inc.weeecalled.Tday,the 3. tbepesuaded
4. beinghamed
wneChedCheese,M.JhnHais,is
5. tbeimpved
heettalkwithusabutthepblem. 6. beingmisinmed
7. tbemisled
Hell,M.Hais,andthankyucming.
2 pages 163–164
 Mr.Harris:  Yu’ewelcme.ankyuhavingme.

2. tbe 5. being 
Interviewer:  S,tellusabutthepblem. 3. being  6. tbe
4. tbe
 Mr.Harris:  Well,sevealpeplebecamesickateeating

ucheese,sallucheesepducts 3 page 164
 got 
2. Iwant; Answers will vary.
 weetestedbytheFDA. 3. Ihpe; Answers will vary.
4. I’maaid; Answers will vary.
Interviewer:  Isee.AndwhatdidtheFDAfnd? 5. I’minteestedin; Answers will vary.
 gotten 6. I’mntlikely; Answers will vary.
 Mr.Harris: eyundthatneucheeseshadbeen
cntaminated. Avoid Common Mistakes
Interviewer:  S,whathappened?
 got  1 pages 164–165
 Mr.Harris: atcheesewasecalledbytheFDA.O 2. b 6. b
3. b 7. c
cuse,atChedCheese,weaecncened 4. a 8. a
abutpublicsaety.Ipesnallymadean 5. c
annuncementabuttheecall. 2 page 165
 got  approved 
Interviewer:  Dyuknwhwthecheesewas  Aames’maketwillmallybeappvebythe
cntaminated? cmmunitybadatitsnextmeeting.Fames’pducts
sold 
 Mr.Harris:  Yes,Id.Untunately,sevealmy
  willbesellatamaketdwntwneveyweekend.e
inspected 
emplyeesdidntllwusaety maketwillbeinspectbythehealthbadbeeitpens
 pcedues. inMay.ehealthbadneedstgivefnalappval.

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displayed 
 Awidevaietyeshlygwnpductswillbedisplay 4 page 169
2.  wh/thatsupptenvinmentalganizatins

cnsumestchse,includinguits,vegetables,  pliticalpaties
andwes.Inadditin,pductssuchashneymight 3.  which/thatsellspductssevicesthatdntham

included  theenvinment
beincludenthelistitemsavailable.GMdswn’t 4.  wh/thatwksageenbusinessan

be sold 
sellatthemaket,hweve.Ckingdemnstatinsmay envinmentalganizatin
be scheduled  be ound  5.  which/thatdesnthamtheenvinmentwhen

schedulesmeweekends.Meinmatincanfnd  pducedcnsumed
enjoyed 
nthecity’swebsite.ismaketwillbeenjybyamilies 6.  which/thattapthesun’sheatandcauseaisein

tempeatue
thughutthecmmunity.
Nonidentifying Subject Relative Clauses
Self-Assessment pages 166–167
1. a 4. b 7. c 10. b 13. b 1 page 170
2. b 5. a 8. a 11. b 14. c 2. Enegycstscanbeeducedbygeens,whichkeep
3. b 6. c 9. a 12. b 15. c heatutinthesummeandkeepheatinduingthe
 winte.
3. Pepleputgadens,whichcanincludeteesand
wes,nthetpsbuildings.
Unit 21 Subject Relative Clauses 4. Teesandlageplantsaegwninnetype

(Adjective Clauses with 5. Igaden,whichisalscalledanintensivegaden.


ntensivegadens,whichneedathicklayesil,can
Subject Relative Pronouns) seemlikepaksinthesky.
AlternativeEnergySources 6.  Anthekindgaden,whichiscalledan

extensivegaden,haslw-gwingplantsin
thinsil.
Identifying Subject Relative Clauses 7. Mycusin,whisapesseseachinggeens,
gwscatsandpeppesinhisextensivegaden.
1 page 168
 HelenandDavidMitchellaepeplewhlivein 2 pages 170–171
Michigan.MichiganisaU.S.statethathasveycld 2. Ivan’sca,whichisahybid,getsgdgasmileage.
 wintes.Inthewinte,theMitchellshadheatingbillswhich 3. Ouuncle,whisanelecticalenginee,hasan
 weeve$600amnth.eydidalteseachtsee electicca.
hwtheyculdsavemneyntheiheatingbill.Getime 4. eNRGwhich/thatislcatednMainSteetsellsnly
isacmpanythatinstallsatypegethemalenegy ec-iendlypducts.
system.Itisasystemwhichisputundegund.Ituses 5. Getime,whichhas30emplyees,installsgethemal
heatmthegundtheatthehme.M.Reynldsis systems.
amanwhwksGetime.HecamettheMitchells’ 6. Paulina’scewhich/thatisdwntwnusessla
husetexplainthesystem,andtheydecidedthave enegy.
itinstalled.Ithasbeenveysuccessul.InJanuay,the
Mitchellshadaheatingbillthatwasnly$115!
Subject Relative Clauses with Whose
2 page 168
2. thathelps 6. thatinstall 1 page 171
3. whlive 7. whichcllects
4. whichis 8. whichsaves  Weneedtsupptleadeswhsemaingalis tuse
(1)
5. thatuns
enewableenegysuces.AlexNelsn,whsepaents
3 page 169 wnageencmpany,isunningmay.Hewks
2. CleanPweCampaignwasstatedbypeplewh (2)
 wantedtmakeadieence. asalawyeatCawd&Hu.PatCawd,whstated
3. CleanPweCampaignemplyeestalktcmpanies
 whichusealtdityuels. thelawfmandwhsepacticeiswellknwn,helps
(3)
4. EmplyeeswhwkCleanPweCampaign
encuagethsecmpaniestuseenewableenegy.  pesevegeenspaces.Nelsn’sexpeiencemakeshima
5. eganizatincntactsgvenmentagencieswhich geatcandidate.RitaLevins,whsevlunteeactivitiesin
makedecisinsabutenegyuse.
6. CleaPweCampaignspeaksttheagenciesnbehal thecmmunity ae numeus,isalsunningmay.
citizenswhaecncenedabutcleanenegy. (4)

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Levins,whseathe haswkedinacalmine,suppts Avoid Common Mistakes


(5)
usingcalasanenegysuce.Shehassevednthetwn
1 pages 173–174
cuncil.Levinsmaybeaqualifedplitician,but 2. c 6. a
3. b 7. c
shedesntsupptenewableenegy.JennieChen, 4. a 8. c
5. b
 whsecampaignpmises includesupptenewable
(6)
2 page 174
enegy,isthethidcandidatemay.Chen,whse which or that 
 paents wn agadeningbusiness,hasexpeiencewith  eeaemanythingsyucandthaveahmewh
(7) helpstheenvinment.Installaslapanelsystem,which
geenissues.Hweve,Chen’smainissueissuppt
itheatsyuhmewithenegymthesun.Yuculd
educatin,whseunding hasbeencut.Inmy which
(8) alsgetagethemalsystem,whheatsyuhmewith
pinin,yushuldvteAlexNelsn,whse
enegymthegund.Agethemalsystem,whichit
expeiencemakeshimthebestpesnthejb. canbeexpensiveatfst,savesmneyvetime.istype
(9)
which
system,whheatsyuhmecheaply,canalscl
2 page 172 who / or that 
2. I;eSanchezesaetheamilywhsedeamisthave  yuhme.Yucanfndmanypeplenlinewhichsell
anenegy-eicienthuse. slapanelsandgethemalsystems.Yuculdalsput
3. I ;eSanchezamilyaeiendswithsmenewhse which
cmpanydesignsenegy-eicienthmes. ageennyuhme.e,whhelpstheatthe
4. NI;GliaRamiez,whsecmpanyisaamilybusiness,
 willdesigntheihme. hme,canalsbeusedagaden.Geens,which
5. NI;Glia,whsechildenallwkinthebusiness,has needtbeat,wkbestnnewhmes.Findanachitect
twdaughtesandasn. whose 
6. I;Glia’sdaughtewhsespecialtyisec-iendlyhme  wh’scmpanyspecializesingeenstbuildyu
designwilldesigntheinteis. hme.eeaemanyptinshavingahmethatit
7. NI,Glia’ssn ,whsespecialtyisgethemalenegy ,
 willinstalltheheatingsystem. desn’tpllutetheenvinmentandsavesyumneyn
8. NI;eseelativesmine,whsehmeisbeingbuilt heatingbills.
thisyea,aepleasedwiththeplans.

3 A page 172 Self-Assessment pages 174–175


2. a 5. b
3.    6. c 1. c 4. b 7. a 10. c 13. b
4. e 2. c 5. a 8. a 11. c 14. c
3. b 6. c 9. b 12. a 15. c
B page 172
2. L auaAkpemisanachitectwhsedesignageen
wnanawad. Unit 22 Object Relative Clauses
3. MacsAvilezisanactwhselatestmvieisabuta (Adjective Clauses with
 wldwideenegycisis.
4. Ec-Caisacacmpanywhsehybidcasaesme Object Relative Clauses)
thecleanestvehiclessldintheUnitedStates. Biometrics
5.  JamesPetesisapliticianwhsedecisinsledt

cleaneenegythecity.
6. GdGeenHmeGupisaemdelingcmpany Indentifying Object Relative Clauses
 whsewindwsaeveyenegy-ecient.
1 page 176
4 page 173  FensicFilesisappulaTVshw.Itshwscimes
2. wh 5. wh thatexpetsslvewithensicscience.Eachepisdeis
3. wh 6. wh abutadieentcimewhichsmenehascmmitted.
4. whse 7. whse Inmanyepisdes,investigatsuseDNAthatciminals
haveletatthecimescenethelpthemslvethecase.
Becauseeachpesn’sDNAisunique,theDNAthatthe
investigatscllectistenimptantevidence.Once

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7/16/2019 GAB Level 3 Workbook Answer Key

investigatsfndasuspect,theycanmatchthesuspect’s 3. H lmes’smstamusdetectivecases,whichheslved


DNAttheDNAthattheyhaveundatthescene.e  withtheuselgic,invlvedensicevidence.
DNAcanshwiasuspectwaspesentatacimescene. 4. D.Watsn,wh/whmDyleusesasthenaat
Hweve,DNAisntthenlyensicevidencethat mstthesties,wasHlmes’siendandassistant.
theseinvestigatsusetslvethecimes.eyalsuse 5. In2009,RbetDwney,J.playedthedetectiveinthe
fngepints,tpints,andevenclthingfbesthat mvieSherlock Holmes ,whichmillinspepleaund
theyindatthescene.Investigatsntheshwusually thewldsaw.
useensicstcatchciminals,butntalways.Sme
thesuspectswhtheyinvestigateaeinncent.Fensic
evidence,likeDNA,canhelpshwthat,t. Object Relative Clauses as Objects
of Prepositions
2 page 176
 Fensicscanbeusedtslvecasesthatplice 1 A–B pages 179–180
cnside“cld.”Cldcasesaeinvestigatins thatplice  ✗
haventbeenabletslve–smetimesve20yeas. 2. which/that

 Newtechnlgythatinvestigatsdidn’thaveinthe 3. which
 pastisavailabletday,scimes whichpeplecmmitted ✓
manyyeasagcaneventuallybeslved.Innecase, 4. which
 plicecllectedevidencemacimethatsmene  ✗
cmmitted30yeasag.epliceundsmehaiatthe 5. wh/whm/that
cimescene,buttheinvestigatsculdn’tpve whose  ✗
6. which/that
haiitwas.ityyeaslate,theDNAinthehai which
 ✗
theplicehadundwastested.ehaimatchedne 7. wh/whm/that
thesuspect’sDNA,andhewasaestedthecimethat ✓
hehadcmmittedyeasbee. 8. which
 Cldcaseinvestigatshaveanimptantjb.Peple
 whoseamilymembesciminalshavehutmayeel 2 page 180
satisfedwhenapesnisaestedevenatemanyyeas.  emvieConviction,inwhichHilaySwankstas,was
eleasedin2010.BettyAnneWatesistheeal-liewman
3 page 177 nwhmthemvieisbased.BettyAnnefghtstpvehe
2. teiblecimeswhich/that/Øpepleaundthewld btheisinncentamudewhichhewascnvicted.
havecmmittedaeshwn Sheenteslawschl,mwhichshegaduatesate
3. DayleHinmanisaninvestigatwh/whm/that/Ø  yeasstudy.Sheisdeteminedtpvehebtheis
 viewesseeslvecimeswithensics inncentthecimewhichthessayheisguilty.
4. ensicinvestigatsanalyzedatawhich/that/Øthe

5.  plicefndatthecimescene
twunusualcimeswhich/that/Øinvestigatsslve Avoid Common Mistakes
 withensicsaeshwneachweek 
6. amedicalexaminestudiesvictimsevidence 1 page 181
 which/that/Øsheusestslvecimes 2. a 6. b
3. c 7. c
4. c 8. c
Nonidentifying Object Relative Clauses 5. a

1 page 178 2 page 182


2. Lenadbecameinteestedinlinguistics,whichhenw which
teachesataunivesity.  Fensicscience,whmanyinvestigatsusetslve
3. Heenjysteachingensiclinguistics,whichhe cimestday,isntanewscience.FtunatusFidelis,
descibesasthenewesttlininvestigatins. who/whom
4. Linauniqueway,islikeafngepint.
enadthinksthatlanguage,whicheachpesnuses  whichpeplecalltheundeensicmedicine,
5. Lenad,wh/whmplicesmetimesaskhelp,can aleadypacticedthistypemedicineinthe1590s.
which
tenidentiypeplebyhwtheywite. Fensicmedicine,whatusesmedicalevidencetslve
6. Lenad,wh/whm Forensic Files nceinteviewed,
hashelpedthepliceslvemanycimes. cimes,haschangedvetheyeas.Heeaesmehistic
develpments:
2 pages 178–179
2. efstShelckHlmesmystey,whichpeple 1. Fingepints,whichciminalsleavethematcime
likedimmediately,was A Study in Scarlet .orefst
ShelckHlmesmysteywas A Study in Scarlet ,which scenes,becameawaytidentiypepleinthelate
which/that/Ø 
 peplelikedimmediately. 1800s.Hweve,cmputesystemswhatpliceuset
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scan,ste,andcmpaefngepintsween’tceated Reduced Relative Clauses


untilthelasthalthetwentiethcentuy.
1 page 185
2. In1901,KalLandsteinediscveedthatpeplehave 2. BabyBmesaeptimisticpeple.Mstthemae
 pepleinthei50sand60s.
dieentbldtypes.Atethat,investigatsculduse
3. GenXesaepeplebninthe1960sand1970s.Gen
bldsamplesthattheyundthematcimescenest  Xesaeexiblepeple.
4. Millennialsaepeplelkingchallenges.eyae
eliminatesuspects.
educatedpeple.
3. Inthe1980s,RayWhiteidentifedimptanteatues
which 2 page 186
DNA,whinvestigatsnwcllectmalmstevey 2. Hissn,atw-yea-ld,isaGenZe.
3. TimisdingeseachnChina’sGeneatinY,the
mden-daycimescene.In1987,DNAwasfstusedt Chinesepst-1980sgeneatin.
 pvethataman,whplicethughthadcmmitteda 4. TimundutabutGeneatinYmMichaelStanat,
theauthChina’s Generation Y: Understanding the
cime,wasguilty.  Future Leaders of the World’s Next Superpower .
 Technlgyinensicscienceisalwaysbeing 5.  AccdingtStanat,China’sGeneatinY,an

entepeneuialandtech-savvygup,iscmpsed
develped,andtheewillbeevenmeways,thatplice appximately200millinindividuals.
cancatchciminalsintheutue. 3 pages 186–187
2. eganizesthinkthatmstthepepleattending
Self-Assessment pages 182–183 thecneenceaeMillennials.
3. eeisamanwitingnametagsattheinmatin
1. b 4. b 7. a 10. a 13. b table.
2. c 5. b 8. c 11. c 14. b 4. ewatentheinmatintableistheattendees.
3. a 6. a 9. b 12. c 15. c 5. eeisawmanpassingutthebttleswatebythe
inmatintable.
6. ewmanspeakingfstatthecneenceisaleady
Unit 23 Relative Clauses with Where  nthestage.
and When; Reduced Relative Clauses
Avoid Common Mistakes
Millennials
1 pages 187–188
Relative Clauses with Where and When 2. b 6. a
3. c 7. b
1 page 184 4. b 8. c
2. when 5. whee 5. a
3. when 6. when
4. whee 2 page 188

2 page 184  Ageneatingapisadieenceinvaluesandattitudes


2. isaplacewheeGenXeshaveintducedmany betweentwgeneatins.Scilgists,aepeple
newideas
3. isawebsitewheemanyGenXesshp  whstudysciety,tenexaminegeneatingaps.e
4. aelcatinswheeGenXesliketgnadventue sociologists/they 
UnitedStatesisacuntywheehaveundgapsamng
 vacatins ^ 
5. aeplaceswheeGenXeswanttwk  geneatins.
3 page 185  e1960swasadecadeinwhentheewasabig
2. wheemanyyungpeplecmmunicate. geneatingapbetweenTaditinalistsandBabyBmes.
3. whenIntenetusespeadapidly.
4. inwhichmsthmeshaveIntenetcnnectins. Taditinalists,weethepaentstheBabyBmes,
5. inwhichmstIntenetapplicatinsstattsell.  weecnsevative.eichilden,weetheBabyBmes,
 wantedtexpesstheipesnaleedm.Itwasapeid
inwhentheyungegeneatinptestedagainstsciety
the younger generation / people / th
andgvenment.Bigcitiesweeplaceswheeten

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gatheedtptest,smetimesthughmusic.JanBaez, Future Real Conditionals


 wasalksinge,sangptestsngs.ManyTaditinalists
1 A pages 192–193
didntlike,evenundestand,themusictheichilden 2. wait  8. will;d
4. wn’t/willntget  9. is
 weelisteningt. 5. dn’t/dntg 10. ’ll/willputup
6. willbe 11. miss
Self-Assessment pages 188–189 7. ains 12. ’ll/willwatch

1. c 4. b 7. c 10. a 13. b B page 193


2. a 5. c 8. a 11. a 14. a 2. eveni 
3. a 6. a 9. b 12. c 15. c 3. eveni 
4. Unless
5. Eveni 
Unit 24 Real Conditionals:
2 pages 193–194
Present and Future  Answers will vary.
MediaintheUnitedStates
Real Conditionals with Modals,
Present Real Conditionals Modal-like Expressions, and Imperatives

12.page 190
yuae;yushw  1 page
2. must194 6. shuld
 3. phtis;ittells 3. shuldn’t 7. might
 4. Yuneed;yuwant 4. culd 8. can’t
 5. smeneplans;theeae 5. havet
 6. yulk;yuneed
 7. apesndesn’t/desntneed;heshehas 2 pages 194–195
 8. peplety;theywant 2. Iyuwiteaeview,itculdhelpthepeple.
 9. yuae;yuhave 3.  Wecan’tpublishyueviewiyudn’tinclude

 yuname.
2 page 191 4.  Whenyuwiteaeviewus,ithastbeewe

 2. Ianaveagepesnsubmitsanewssty,anews than100wdslng.
ganizatincnsidesit.;Anewsganizatin 5.  Yueviewshuldincludepsitiveandnegative

cnsidesthestyianaveagepesnsubmitsit. eedbackiyuaentbiased.
 3. Ithestyisinteesting,anewsganizatinten 6. Whenyuwiteaeview,llwtheseules.
usesit.;Anewsganizatintenusesthestyi
3 pages 195–196
it’s/itisinteesting.
 Answers will vary.
 4. Ithenewsganizatinisgd,itcheckstheacts.;
enewsganizatincheckstheactsiit’s/itisgd.
 5. Ithestiesaen’t/aentbjective,agdnews Avoid Common Mistakes
ganizatindesn’t/desntusethem.;Agdnews
ganizatindesn’t/desntusethestiesithey’e 1 page 197
nt/theyaen’t/theyaentbjective. 2. a 6. a
3. b 7. a
3 pages 191–192 4. c 8. c
 2. whatdyud 5. b
 3. whatnewssucesdyuuse
 4.
5. yuwantnewsnsmethingspecifc
whathappens 2 page 198
 6. yuwanttfndutmeabutasty   Onewaytgetnewsistgetitnyucellphne.I
     ^
 7. Whataeyuavitenewssuces  pepleaenthegtheyliketeadthenewswheeve
 ,
 8. yuwanttgetmeinmatin      ^
 9. myiendspstinteestingnewssties theyae.ItheyhavesmatphneswithIntenetsevice
 ,
10. Itenllwup
theycanusuallyeadnewsanywhee.Newscmpaniesae
11. yuaehmeatewk 
12. dyuwatchthenewsnTV  tyingtmakeiteveneasietgetnewsnphnes.Ithey
4 page 192  willmakenewseveneasieteadnasmallsceen,me
 Answers will vary.  peplewilleadit.
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 Cmpaniescnsidesevealquestinswhenthey 5. I theewee/wasahuicane,husesnthebeach


 wuldbeindange.orHusesnthebeachwuldbein
develpstiescellphnes.Fexample,iastyis dangeitheewee/wasahuicane.
will 
lng,peplewilleadit?Ipeplenlywillwanttead 6. Iwehadaheatwave,manyplantsculddie.orMany
^  can  plantsculddieiwehadaheatwave.
stiesncetaintpics,hwpeplecangetthese

stieseasily? 3 page 201
 Possible answers: 
 Iyuwilleadlistentthenewsnyuphne, 2. I itdidn’tsnwsequently,Iwuldn’thavetcancel
theeculdbesmepblems.Fexample,imagineyu schl.
3. Ididn’tmissalagenumbedays,wewuldn’thave
aeutsideduingyulunchbeaktmw,andyu tmakethemupattheendtheyea.
I  4. Isaetyween’tapiity,Iculdkeepschlspen
 wanttcatchupnthenews.Whentheweatheisbad duingbadweathe.
tmw,yupbablywn’tgetgdcellphnesevice. 5. Ithecityhadgdsnwemvalequipment,we
I   wuldn’taltcanceledschldays.
 Yudefnitelywn’tuseyuphneutsidewhenitainsa 6. Ithecityaisedtaxes,weculdbuynewequipment.
lttmw.Ocuse,yuwuldn’teadanewspapein 4 page 202
theain,eithe!  Answers will vary.

Self-Assessment pages 198–199 Past Unreal Conditionals


1. b 4. a 7. c 10. c 13. c 1 page 203
2. c 5. b 8. b 11. b 14. b 2. a.Yes
3. a 6. a 9. a 12. b 15. a  b.N
3. a.N
 b.Yes
Unit 25 Unreal Conditionals: 4. a.Yes
Present, Future, and Past  b.N
5. a.Yes
NaturalDisasters  b.N

Present and Future Unreal Conditionals 2 page 203


 Possible answers: 
1 page 200 2. F lightswuldhavecntinuedithesmkeandash
hadn’tbeensthickintheai.
 3. had 3. Flightswuldn’thavestppedithepiltshadbeenable
 4. wuldstay  tsee.
 5. gt 4. Manytuistswuldhavewnhmeitheaipts
 6. wuldclse hadn’tclsed.
 7. didn’t/didnthave 5. ecatastphewuldn’thaveaectedsmany
 8. mightcatchup cuntiesinEupeithewindhadn’tbeensstng.
 9. clsed
10. mightntfnish 3 page 204
11. wuldn’t/wuldntdive 2. hadslwed;culd/might/wuldhavestayed
12. wee/was 3.  wuldn’t/wuldnt/mightnthavegtten;

hadclsed
2 pages 200–201
 2. Itheestfecameneatwn,esidentswuldleave 4.
5. hadseen;wuldn’t/mightnthavestepped
culd/might/wuldhavegne;hademembeed
theihmes.orResidentswuldleavetheihmesi
theestfescameneatwn. 4 page 205
 3. Itheewee/wasatnad,peplewuldgtthei  Answers will vary.
basements.orPeplewuldgttheibasementsi
theewee/wasatnad.
 4. Iitainedalt,steetsculdd.orSteetsculd
diitainedalt.

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Wishes About the Present, Future, thepesevealhus,buthefnallyhadtcutthe


and Past pe.HethughtJehaddied,butJewasntdead.He
hadallenmethan100eet,butevenwithhishutleg,he
1 pages 205–206
2. hadbeen hadmanagedtclimbtsaetyandgetbacktthecamp.
3. ween’t/weentainingorwasn’t/wasntaining 
4. hadn’t/hadntmade  In1988,JeSimpsnwteabk,calledTuching
hadn’t/had not been
5. culdeschedule theVid,abuttheexpeience.Ithebkwasn’tahuge
6.
7. wee/was
wuldpmte success,themvieabuttheclimbmightnthavebeen
8. culdask  hadn’t/had not seen
made.IwishthatIdidntseethemviebeeIeadthe
9. culdtalk  had gone 
bk.IalswishIwenttthemviewithaiend.Itwas
2 page 206 were/was 
 Possible answers:  ightening!Ocuse,itwasinspiing,t.IIamyu,
2. IwishthatIhadn’tletmyumbellaathme. Iwuldentthemvietday!
3. IwishthatIculdgutsideandplayscceightnw.
4. Iwishthattheainwuldstp.
5. Iwishthatitdidn’taineveyweekhee. Self-Assessment pages 208–209
6. Iwishthatmyainbtsdidn’thavehlesinthem. 1. c 4. c 7. b 10. c 13. c
7. IwishthatIculdgtthepaktday. 2. b 5. b 8. b 11. a 14. c
8. Iwishitweewintenw. 3. a 6. c 9. a 12. b 15. a
Avoid Common Mistakes
Unit 26 Conjunctions
1 page 207
2. b 6. c GlobalizationofFood
3. a 7. a
4. b 8. c Connecting Words and Phrases
5. a with Conjunctions
2 page 208
wasn’t  1 A page 210
 Iitisn’tatagicevent,nnewuldknw 2.  6. 
3. and 7. and
abutJeSimpsn.In1985,JeSimpsnandSimn 4.  8. 
 YatesweeclimbingamuntainintheAndes.Iablizzad 5. and
hadn’t/had not happened 
didn’thappen,thetipmighthaveendedwithutany B page 211
2. but/and 6. but
 pblems.etwclimbesgttthetpthemuntain, 3. but/and 7. but
buttheyhadpblemsnthewaydwn.Iithadn’tbeen 4. and 8. 
5.  9. but
icy,Jewuldn’thaveslipped.Hweve,itwasicy,andJe
2 page 211
slippedandbkehisleg.Heculdhaveclimbeddwnthe
he  2. n;is 5. n;sunds
muntainihadn’tgttentheinjuy.BecauseJeculdn’t 3. ;is 6. and;ae
^  4. butals;adds
 walk,SimnlweedJedwnthemuntainnape.
 Whentheyweealmstbacktthecamp,Jeslipped 3 page 212
2.  Attheestauants,yucanhaveeithesavycêpes

again.Hewasdanglingnthepevetheedgethe sweetcêpes.orAttheestauants,yucanhaveeithe
he  savysweetcêpes.
muntain.Heculdhaveclimbedupthepeihadhad
hadn’t/had not damaged ^  3. ecêpesaentnlyinexpensivebutalslage.
thestength.Itheweathedidn’tdamageSimn’shands, 4. Bththechclate(cêpes)andthestawbeycêpes
aedelicius.
hemighthavebeenabletpullJeup.Simnheldnt 5. NeitheceenteaiseeatLaCêpeie.

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Connecting Sentences angesdntgwincldclimates,andlemnsdnt,


either both
with Coordinating Conjunctions t.Hweve,eitheangesandlemnscanbeundin
supemaketsallyeaund.Wheedtheycmem?
1 pages 212–213
2. and 6. but Mstsupemaketsinplaceswithcldwintesimptd
3. but 7. and
4. s 8. but mtheplaces.OangesaegwninCalinia,andae
5. but 9. s shippedtplaceslikeNewYk.
2 page 213 or 
 eeaesmeuitsthatdntgwwellinwamand
2. but 5. 
3. s 6. yet cldclimatesintheUnitedStates.eee,manyuits
both
4. yet aeimptedmthecunties.Fexample,eithe
3 page 213 PeuandMexicexptavcadsttheUnitedStates.
2. Mexicandisppulaandenjyedbypepleinmany DuianisntnativettheUnitedStates,andpassinuit
cunties. either 
3. aidcanbeundinmanyplacesandisusually isnt,t.DuianistenimptedmMalaysiaand
similatthedinailand.
4. IndianestauantsaecmmninEnglandandund Indnesia,andpassinuitisimptedmNewZealand
inmanythecunties. andBazil.Lycheeisantheuitthatisntveycmmn
5.  YushuldtyFenchdinFanceandhaveitin

Canada. intheUnitedStates.ItisgwninsmeaeastheUnited
States,butismainlyimptedmplaceslikeChina.
Reducing Sentences with Similar Clauses eseexticuitsusuallycanntbeundinsmalltwns
or 
1 page 214 andsmallecities.Hweve,supemaketsinbiggecities
2. is;t  7. wee usuallysellthem.
3. haven’t;eithe  8. neithe;des/d
4. s;was  9. wn’t;eithe
5. wee;,t 10. s;ae Self-Assessment pages 218–219
6. ween’t 1. a 4. c 7. a 10. b 13. b
2 page 215
2. b 5. c 8. a 11. c 14. b
3. a 6. a 9. c 12. b 15. a
2.
3. Sisthelamb.;elambis,t.
Neitheisthechicken.;echickenisn’t,eithe.
4. Sisthesteak.;esteakis,t.
5. Swasthesteak.;esteakwas,t. Unit 27 Adverb Clauses and Phrases
6. Neithewasthefsh.;efshwasn’t,eithe.
7. Neithewasthelamb.;elambwasn’t,eithe.
Consumerism
8. Swasthechicken.;echickenwas,t.
Subordinators and Adverb Clauses
3 pages 215–216
 Answers will vary. 1 page 220
2. since  7. While
Avoid Common Mistakes 3. while  8. since
4. Althugh  9. While
5. Eventhugh 10. as
1 pages
2. c 216–217
6. b 6. Because
3. b 7. a
2 page 221
4. a 8. c
5. c 2. Althugh/Eventhugh/ugh/While;18
3. while;17
2 page 217
4. Althugh/Eventhugh/ugh/While;13
5. When;5
 PlaceslikeFlidaandCaliniacangwuit 6. because/since;4
 yea-und,butplaceslikeNewYkandMinnesta
canntbecausetheclimateistcld.Fexample,

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Reducing Adverb Clauses Subordinators to Express Purpose

1 page 222 1 pages 223–224


2. t 6. sthat
 Chistinaisapesnalshppewhwksa 3. t 7. s
Being very busy  4. s 8. t
businesswman,Ms.Adams.Becausesheisverybusy , 5. indet
Ms.Adamsdesnthavetimetshp.Chistinades
2 page 224
Being
mstheshpping. a successul businesswoman
Sincesheisasuccessful  2. Santiagbuysldguitassthathecanfxthem.
businesswoman,Ms.Adamstenhastgtevents.
3. DaeJinandAlexbuycncetticketstsellthemtthei
iends.
Chistinapicksutdessesandsheshe.Chistinaals 4. Gabielabuysnewclthessshecanhavethelatest
While getting Mrs. Adams groceries  style.
getsgceiesMs.Adams. WhileshegetsMrs.Adams 5. Chuckbuyscmicbksindetaddthemthis
groceries,Chistinaalsdeshewnshpping.Chistina cllectin.
ater starting college  6. SfaandYingbuyatsuppliessthattheycanmake
statedwkingMs.Adamsaftershestartedcollege. bithdaycadstsell.
Having earned enough money or her tuition
Becauseshehasearnedenoughmoneyforhertuition, 3 page 224
 Answers will vary.
Chistinawillfnishschlthisyea.
 Davidisalsapesnalshppe,buthisjbisdieent Avoid Common Mistakes
mChistina’s.Davidgesshppingeldely
Being homebound  1 page 225
 peple.Becausetheyarehomebound,hisclientshave 2. b 6. c
dicultyleavingtheihuses.Daviddestheigcey 3. c 7. c
4. a 8. a
shppingandalsbuystheitemsthem.Onehis 5. b
clients,M.Mtn,saidthatDavidhaschangedhislie. 2 page 226
Since having a stroke two years ago
Sincehehadastroketwoyearsago,M.Mtnhas Even though
 Eveneveynespendsmneydieently,eseachshws
hadtublewalking.Hischildendidhisshppinghim
beore realizing a service could do it  theeisacmmnpattenspendingvealietime:
beforetheyrealizedaservicecoulddoit.Nwwhen • Fmages18t22,pepledntspendaltmney.
theyvisittheiathe,theycanspendtimewithhiminstead spend becaus
 Yungpepletendnthavealtmneytspend.
dingeandshim.
Becausetheyaeinschlgettingtheifstjb.
2 pages 222–223 money although
2. Havingbught100paisshes,shedidn’thavem • Peplewhae22t30spendalittlememney.
theminheclset.  Althughtheystilldntspendthatmuch.F
3.  Whileshppingagithesiste,shebughtthee

newpaisshes. example,pepleinthei20stencanntadtbuy
earning
4. Shestatedbuyingshesbeegettingajb. huseswhennteanaltmney.Asaesult,they
5. Beingcaingpeple,hepaentsweewied
abuthe. tendtentapatments.
6. Havingeadanaticleabutshppingaddicts,he
athesuggestedteatment. • Fmages31t40,peplespendmemney.ey
spend because 
7. Melissaageedtgethelpateealizingshehada usuallyhavememneytspend.Becausetheyhave
 pblem. even though
8. Nwshetakesnlythemneysheneedsbeegingt beenwkingawhile.Hweve,eventhughthey
themall. makememney,theytenhaveahadtimesaving
3 page 223 mney.
 Answers will vary.
• Reseachshwsthatpepleinthei40sspendthemst
mney.Manypepleinthisageguphavechilden,s
theyhavetbuythingstheentieamily.
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• Pepleinthei50sspendlessmneythanthseinthei Connecting Information


even though
40seventheytenhavememneythanwhenthey with Transition Words
even though
 weeyunge.Onetheeasnsisthat,eventhugh
1 pages 230–231
theymaycntinuewking,theyaetentyingtsave 2. Secnd,J.StuatBlacktnmadethefstanimatedflm
byusingdawingsnablackbad.
mneyetiement. 3. en/Next,/Atethat,ÉmileChlceatedanealy
• Pepleve60spendtheleastamuntmney.Many animatedflm,usingpapecututs.
 pepleinthisagegupaentwkinganymeate 4. animatedcatnwith10,000dawings.
en/Next,/Atethat,WinsMcCaymadean
having 5. en/Next,/Atethat,thefstull-lengthanimated
haveetied,stheyaeusuallyaaidspendingmuch
even though mviewasmadeinAgentinabyQuiinCistiani.
mney,eventheyhavesavedmneymstthei 6. Finally,WaltDisneypducedthefstanimated
catnwithsynchnizedsund.
lives.
2 page 231
Self-Assessment pages 226–227 2. Inadditin/Meve
3. Asaesult/Cnsequently 
1. b 4. a 7. a 10. b 13. b 4. theee/asaesult
2. c 5. c 8. b 11. c 14. b 5. Meve/Futheme
3. b 6. c 9. a 12. c 15. a 6. Incntast/Onthethehand

7. Tsummaize/Incnclusin
8. Inadditin/Futheme
Unit 28 Connecting Information
3 page 232
with Prepositions and Transitions 2. Mstdanceappsnlyshwsteps.Incntast,U-Dance
TechnologyinEntertainment shwsause’smvements.
3. Ithughttheappwuldntbegdexecise.Hweve,
Igtagdwkut.
Connecting Information with Prepositions 4. U-Danceisee.eee,yuhaveneasnntt
and Prepositional Phrases getit.
5. Tsummaize,it’seasytuse,un,andee.It’sa
1 page 228 geatapp.
2. Because  6. Inadditint
3. Aswellas 7. instead  Avoid Common Mistakes
4. Instead  8. Despite
5. except 9. inspite 
1 pages 232–233
2 page 229 2. a 6. b
2. insteadananimatedmvie 3. c 7. b
3. inspitehedietorinspitebeingnadiet 4. b 8. c
4. aswellassmechclate 5. b
5. duetthebadseatsorduetthetheatehavingbad
seats 2 page 233
being
6. asaesultsittingtclsetthesceen  Despiteitisaelativelyyungcmpany,Pixahasbeen
having
3 pages 229–230  veysuccessul.InspitehehadagdjbatDisney,
 Possible answers: 
 JhnLassetelethisjbtstatacmputeanimatin
2.  Hop.
AllthemviesIwnaeliveactinexcept
3.  Hop isasweetmviebesidesbeingveyunny. cmpanywithGegeLucasin1984.ecmpanylate
4.  Hop
 hasanimatedchaactesinitinadditint“eal”
acts. becamePixa.In1986,Pixaeleaseditsfstanimated
5. emainacttalkstthepepleaswellastan shtflm,whichwascalled Luxo Jr .In1987, Luxo Jr .
animatedbunny. being
 wasnminatedanAcademyAwadaswellasitwas
4 page 230
nminatedaGldenGateAwad.ItwntheGlden
 Answers will vary.

Grammar and Beyond Workbook 3 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 33


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7/16/2019 GAB Level 3 Workbook Answer Key

On
GateAwad.Inthethehand,itdidntwintheAcademy
 Awad.In1989,Pixastatedmakingcmmecialsin
making
additintitmadeflms.Inthe1990s,Pixacntinued
making
makingshtflmsaswellasitmadecmmecials.In
additintPixa’sshtflms,thecmmecialsalswn
awads.
 In1995,Pixa’s Toy Story wasahugesuccessatthe
bxce.Inadditin,itwasthewld’sfstull-length
mviecmpletelyanimatedncmputes.Intheyeast
cme,PixamadeToy Story  2 andToy Story 3.Toy Story 3
madeevenmemneythantheveysuccessulToy Story 
andToy Story  2 cmbined.Incnclusin,Pixahashad
antasticsuccesswithmanyitsmviesandcmmecials
andhaswnalagenumbeawadsvetheyeas.

Self-Assessment pages 234–235
1. c 4. c 7. b 10. c 13. b
2. b 5. c 8. c 11. a 14. b
3. a 6. a 9. a 12. c 15. a

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