FOR INFORMATION

0 29.09.2022 K.H.KIM J.H.PARK H.W.NAM FOR INFORMATION

Rev Date Prepared Checked Approved Details of Revision
Owner

VUNG ANG II THERMAL POWER LLC

Owner’s Engineer

Contractor

Doosan Enerbility – Samsung C&T Joint Venture

Sub-Supplier

Project

VUNG ANG II THERMAL POWER PROJECT

Title

OVERALL_PLANT OPERATION PHILOSOPHY

Document No. Identification No. Rev. Page-No.

VA2-YU03-P0LF-150001 - 0 17
 OVERALL PLANT OPERATION PHILOSOPH
VA2-YU03-P0LF-150001

RECORD OF REVISION
Rev. Date Page Affected Description of Revision

0 29.09.2022 First Issue

Rev.0 1 of 16
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CONTENTS

1. GENERAL ............................................................................................................................ 3
1.1. PROJECT GENERAL ........................................................................................................ 3
1.2. PLANT CONFIGURATION .............................................................................................. 4
1.3. ABBREVIATION ................................................................................................................ 6
2. UNIT OPERATION ............................................................................................................ 7
2.1. NORMAL OPERATION OF THE UNIT ......................................................................... 7
2.1.1. CONSTANT PRESSURE OPERATION .......................................................................... 7
2.1.2. SLIDING PRESSURE OPERATION ................................................................................ 8
2.1.3. FREQUENCY CONTROL ................................................................................................. 8
2.1.4. FUEL CHANGE OVER ...................................................................................................... 8
2.2. ABNORMAL OPERATION OF THE UNIT .................................................................... 9
2.2.1. ISLAND OPERATION (HOUSE LOAD OPERATION) ................................................ 9
2.2.2. LOSS OF UNIT AUXILIARY POWER .......................................................................... 10
2.2.3. TOTAL GRID BLACK OUT ........................................................................................... 10
2.2.4. RUNBACK OPERATION ................................................................................................ 10
2.2.5. BOILER OPERATIONS WHEN STG TRIPS ............................................................... 10
3. UNIT CONTROL .............................................................................................................. 11
3.1. FUNCTION OF UNIT MASTER CONTROL................................................................ 11
3.2. CONTROL MODE OF UNIT MASTER CONTROL ................................................... 12
4. BFP AND TRANSFER ECO. INLET FCV TO MOV ................................................... 12
5. STEAM TURBINE BYPASS SYSTEM .......................................................................... 13
5.1. FUNCTION FOR UNIT START-UP ............................................................................... 13
5.2. MONITORING OF STEAM PRESSURE ...................................................................... 13
5.2.1. SLIDING OPERATION OF THE UNIT......................................................................... 13
5.2.2. CONSTANT OPERATION OF THE UNIT ................................................................... 13
5.3. QUICK DUMP OF THE STEAM DURING ABNORMAL OPERATION ................. 14
6. SUPPLY OF AUXILIARY STEAM FOR UNIT START-UP ....................................... 14
7. UNIT MASTER TRIP AND PROTECTION.................................................................. 15
7.1. IN CASE OF STG TRIP ................................................................................................... 15
7.2. IN CASE OF BOILER TRIP ............................................................................................ 16
7.3. IN CASE OF ALL CWP TRIP ......................................................................................... 16

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 OVERALL PLANT OPERATION PHILOSOPH
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1. General
This document provides the general description about overall plant operation philosophy for
Vung Ang 2 THERMAL POWER PROJECT.
This document is supplemented by other engineering documents such as P&ID, System
description, Design criteria, Logic and loop diagram, Key single lie diagram, Overall plant
startup & shutdown procedure and etc.

1.1. Project General

The plant is constructed at Hai Phong, approximately 60 km south of the Ha Tinh City, Vietnam.
This plant is next to Vung Ang 1 Power Plant.

The Facility is consistd of two 600 MW nominal, net capacity Units, firing imported coals. The
design steam conditions of the Units are at enhanced super-critical levels.
The Facility is designed to fire a mixture of bituminous and sub-bituminous coals, to be delivered
to the Site by sea going vessels.

The generated output of the plant will be transmitted to the national electricity network by 500
kV connections.

Plant is designed to operate safely and reliably, and be able to deliver the full electrical output for
each Unit at TMCR condition.

Valve-wide-open (VWO) of the turbine is defined as 103% of throttle steam flow at TMCR
conditions. VWO gross output will be approx.102.8% of TMCR gross output.
The steam evaporation rate of the boiler at BMCR is at least equal to the sum of the steam flow
required by the turbine at its valve wide open (VWO) rating plus the auxiliary steam
consumption requirements.
The Facility is capable to operate on sliding pressure, between 40% and 100% TMCR while the
steam pressure will remain constant below 40% TMCR.

The specific conditions associated with guaranteed performance levels are as stated in the table
below.
Air temperature (dry bulb) 32 °C
Relative humidity 84 %
Atmospheric pressure 1013 mbara
Sea water temperature at condenser inlet 29.3°C
Make-up water flow 0% with cycle isolation condition
Auxiliary steam flow 0%
Feedwater Heaters All in service

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Grid normal frequency 50 Hz

Power factor / lagging at generator terminals 0.85
Grid voltage 500 kV
Generator voltage 23.5 kV

The coals fired during Commissioning and Testing shall have constituents and fuel
characteristics as shown in Chapter 2, paragraph 2.2.2 of the Owner’s Technical Requirements.
The coal shall be as close as possible to the performance coal in composition and characteristics
such that a reasonable comparison to guaranteed performance can be made. During the boiler
efficiency test, the heating value and constituents of the test coal (including volatile matter and
fixed carbon) shall be within a +/- 5% (relative) band of the performance coal analysis for ASME
Code test corrections to apply.
Correction shall follow ASME PTC 4.
The Net Electrical Output Guarantee (NEOG) and Net Heat Rate Guarantee (NHRG) shall be
based on Performance Coal” as specified in Chapter 2, paragraph 2.2.2 of the Owner’s Technical
Requirements.

1.2. Plant Configuration

Plant consists of two units. Each unit consists of following components
- One (1) turbine generator unit
- One (1) supercritical coal fired boiler
- Four (4) LP heaters
- One (1) Deaerator
- Three (3) HP heaters & One (1) External desuperheater of feedwater heater #6
- One (1) Sea water cooled surface condenser
- One (1) Sea Water FGD plants
- One (1) Electro static precipitator & Ash handling system
- Two (2) HP Bypass and Two (2) LP Bypass for STG
- Two (2) motor driven BFP
- Three (3 x 50% capacity) Condensate Extraction Pumps
- Two (2 x 50% capacity) Circulating Water Pumps
- Condensate Polishing Plant (CPP)
- One(1) Aux steam header
- Two (2 X 100%) Closed Cooling Water pumps
- Two (2 X 100%) Aux cooling water pump
- Three (3 x 50%) Closed cooling water heat exchanger
- One (1) Emergency diesel generator
- Chemical & Oxygen dosing facility
- Main step-up transformer
- Unit aux. transformer A & B

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Common facilities for two units consists of;

- Compressed Air System
 Four (4 x 33% capacity) Compressors
 Two (2) Instrument Air Receivers
 Two (2) Service Air Receivers
 Two (2 x 100% capacity) Instrument Air Dryer (Dessicant type)
 One (1 x 100% capacity) Service Air Dryer (Refrigerant type)
- Coal handling system
 Coal bunker
 Convey system
 Stacker/reclaimer
 Ship unloader
 Dry coal shed
 Coal crusher
 Magnetic separator
 Belt scale
 Metal detector
 Travelling tripper
- Four (4) bar screens.
- Electro chlorination plant
- Water Treatment Plant
- Waste Water Treatment Plant
- Service & fire water storage tank (8,000m3 x 2)
- Demineralized water storage tank (2,800m3 x 2)
- Potable water storage tank (200m3 x 1)
- H2 Plant
- CPP regeneration
- Ash handling system
 Fly ash
 Bottom ash
- LDO system
 LDO storage tank (2,000m3 x 2)
 LDO transfer pump (2 x 100%)
 LDO unloading pump (2 x 100%)
- CEMS (Continuous Emissions Monitoring System)
- Clean & Dirty lube oil system
 Clean & Dirty lube oil tank
 Clean & Dirty lube oil pump
- N2 gas supply system

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1.3. Abbreviation
APC Automatic Plant Control
APS Automatic Plant startup & shutdown Sys.
BFP Boiler Feedwater Pump
BLR Boiler
BMCR Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating
BOP Balance of Plant
CEP Condensate Extraction Pump
CID fan Combined Induced Draft fan
CRH Cold Reheat
CRV Combined Reheat Valve
CW Circulating Water
CWP Circulating Water Pump
DFO Distillate Fuel Oil
ESP Electro Static Precipitator
FCV Flow Control Valve
FD fan Forced Draft fan
FGD Flue Gas Desulfurization System
FW Feed Water
GAH Gas Air Heater
GR fan Gas Recirculation fan
H/W Hot Well
HDR Header
HP High Pressure
HRH Hot Reheat
HTR Heater
ID fan Induced Draft fan
IP Intermediate Pressure
LDC Load Dispatch Center
LDO Light Diesel Oil
LP Low Pressure
M-BFP Motor driven-Boiler Feedwater Pump
MCV Main Control Valve
MFT Master Fuel Trip
Misc. Miscellaneous
MOV Motor Operated Valve
O&M manuals Operating & Maintenance manuals
OFA Over Fire Air
P&I diagrams Piping & Instruments diagrams
PRDS Pressure Reducing and Desuperheating station
RFV Reverse Flow Valve
RPM Revolution Per Minute
RO Rated Output
SAH Steam Air Heater
SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
SSDV Steam Seal Dump Valve
STG Steam Turbine Generator
SW Sea Water
TBN Turbine
TMCR Turbine Maximum Continuous Rating
UMC Unit Master Control
VWO Valve Wide Open

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2. Unit Operation
Unit operation of the plant is classified into normal operation and abnormal operation.

2.1. Normal operation of the unit

During normal operation, Plant will run in UMC (Unit Master Control) with sliding pressure
operation between 40 to 100% TMCR load. The unit will operate in constant pressure mode
beyond the above load band. It will give reliable plant operation with good frequency response to
the grid and less heat rate.
UMC generates and regulates the set point for unit load (MW). The unit load set point i.e. MW
demand may be generated in the following ways.
- Local operator entry
- Remote entry from Load Dispatch Center (LDC) / Vietnam Electricity (EVN)
- Internally generated contingencies such as runbacks and rundowns
The UMC controls unit load (megawatts) and main steam pressure by sending out parallel
demand signals to the boiler and turbine control loops through the Boiler Master and Turbine
Master Stations, respectively.

Loading and deloading rate of the Plant is as below table;

0-40% TMCR In accordance with manufacturer’s Start curves and
manufacturer recommendations;
40-50% TMCR 7 MW per minute
50-100% TMCR 22 MW per minute
 Note : this ramp rate is defined according to ASME PTC 70.

Main Steam pressure is divided into 2 sections in operating load range of the unit.
Main Steam pressure at inlet of Steam Turbine maintains;
- From 275 bar(a) to 110 bar(a), sliding when load of unit is between 665 MW (100%
load of TMCR) and 266 MW (40% load of TMCR)
- 110 bar(a), constant when load of the unit is equal or lower than 266 MW (40 % load
of TMCR)

2.1.1. Constant pressure operation

Main Steam pressure at inlet of Steam Turbine will be maintained 275 bar(a) at more than 665
MW(100 % TMCR) and 110 bar(a) at less than 266 MW(40 % TMCR) after completing the unit
start-up.
Boiler and Steam Turbine will be normally controlled by coordinate control mode. Main Steam
pressure is primarily managed with constant pressure by the Boiler while Steam Turbine
manages its load to meet the unit target load (power generation) and requirement of grid
frequency.

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2.1.2. Sliding pressure operation

MCV of Steam Turbine keep a certain opening position at the load between 665 MW(100 %
TMCR) and 266 MW(40 % TMCR).
Boiler and Steam Turbine will be normally controlled by coordinate control mode.
Boiler manages its load to meet the unit target load and main steam pressure varies according to
unit target load.

2.1.3. Frequency control

Speed governor of steam turbine regulates the flow of steam to the turbine by means of throttle
valves (governor valves) and Boiler load also varies under the coordinate control mode.
When the generator is not connected to the grid system, for example, in the period just prior to
synchronization, the speed governor functions to match the rotor speed to grid frequency so that
the generator is able to be synchronized.
However, once the generator has been connected to the grid system, the rotor speed is dictated by
the grid frequency.
An increase in system demand will cause the grid frequency to fall, and vice-versa. When a
governor detects a change in frequency it will act in the sense to attempt to restore the frequency
to its previous value by delivering more (or less) steam to the turbine, i.e., it regulates the thermal
load delivered to the turbine in the sense to compensate for the variations in electrical load
demanded from the grid. Thus, when the generator is synchronized to the grid, the speed
governor actually controls the electrical load delivered to the grid by the generator in response to
variations in grid frequency.
The generator droop is set at 5 %.

2.1.4. Fuel change over

Start up is envisaged with LDO as a firing fuel. Fuel will be changed over from oil to coal
depending upon load requirement according to the start up curves. As coal feeding is started, oil
firing is decreased gradually but oil firing should be supported during start up until boiler firing is
stabilized. Especially, adjacent oil burner should be operated due to light up coal burner in order
to increase the load. The last oil burner can be taken out only after 5th coal mill is into the service.
As normal mill shutdown procedure, oil burner shall be in service to prevent supplying
pulverized coal particle to furnace without ignition source. Oil burner is designed as 30% of
BMCR.

2.1.5. Oxygenated Treatment (OT) and All Volatile Treatment (AVT)

Boiler water (feedwater / condensate) treatment method is classified into AVT(O) and OT.
During plant start-up and shutdown operation and cases of malfunctions(such as ST condenser
leak, problem with water treatment plant, condensate polishing plant or other contamination
incident)., the AVT(O) mode is applied.

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During AVT(O) mode, ammonia dosing will be done to maintain pH levels in the range of 9.2 –
9.6.
OT is normally applied during on-load steady state operation
If cation conductivity is stable at less than 0.15 μS/cm at CPP outlet and boiler economizer inlet,
OT is applicable by operator.
During treating boiler water by OT, vent valve into atmosphere installed on de-aerator has to be
maintained close and pH should be maintained 8.0 to 8.5 by adjusting ammonia dosing
After transition to OT operation, If cation conductivity(at Eco. Inlet) exceed 0.15 μS/cm (up to
0.3 μS/cm), the pH should be increased to more than 9.2 while continuing to dose oxygen.
If cation conductivity(at Eco. Inlet) exceed 0.3 μS/cm, oxygen dosing should be suspended, and
chemistry regime should revert to AVT(O).
If cation conductivity(at Eco. Inlet) exceed 1.0 μS/cm, the plant shall be immediately shutdown.

2.2. Abnormal operation of the unit

2.2.1. Island operation (House load operation)

The unit will come to house load operation by trip of both 500kV line circuit breakers at 500kV
AIS.

In case of the house load operation, the unit control system reduces its loads rapidly to prevent
turbine overspeed and each steam turbine generator supply power to its auxiliaries to maintain
the minimum loads and allowable maximum period of the house load operation is one (1) hours.
As per the house load operation command signal boiler enters run back operation mode and
maintains 40% of TMCR. During this operation surplus steam due to load difference between
boiler and steam turbine generator is delivered into ST condenser through HP and LP bypass
station, and power operated relief valve at boiler final superheater outlet can be used if necessary.
HP turbine exhaust steam is sent to condenser by opening ventilator valve automatically to
prevent from HP tubine exhaust overheating and the steam temperature will be controlled by
desuperheater during this operation.

If the grid recovers from the normal condition within one(1) hour, the unit may prepare re-
synchronization to the grid and increase power generation after successive grid re-connection.
Otherwise, if the abnormal condition of the grid continues over one(1) hour, the unit shall
prepare to plant shutdown.

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2.2.2. Loss of unit auxiliary power

In case of the Generator Step-up Transformer fault or one(1) of Unit Auxiliary Transformer fault,
the unit enter emergency shutdown mode. The essential loads for emergency shutdown are
connected to 400V essential switchgear and the necessary power for emergency shutdown shall
be fed from the other unit through 11kV common switchgear or Emergency Diesel Generator.

2.2.3. Total grid black out

In case of total grid black out, power plants enter the house load operation as stated in Section
2.2.1. If it is fail to enter the house load operation and under voltage is occurred at both 400V
essential bus, emergency diesel generator will be operated automatically for safe shutdown.

2.2.4. Runback operation

In case BOP which consist of 2 x 50% or 3 x 33.3% capacity is tripped, the unit enter runback
operation mode and the output of steam turbine and boiler will be reduced according to the time-
delayed control from DCS. The BOP which are related to runback operation are listed hereunder.

Reduced Reduced
List of Equipment No. of
Boiler Steam
tripped Remark
Description Specification Load Turbine Load
BOP
(equipment name) (i.e 2X50%) (Target) (Target)
CID Fan 2X50% 1 50% 50%

FD Fan 2X50% 1 50% 50%

PA Fan 2x50% 1 50% 50%

BFP 2X50% 1 50% 50%

5 operating &
Pulverizer Trip 6X20% 1 80% 80% 1 stand by
See Note 1.

Note 1) In case any pulverizer trips, runback will be to 60% load if 3 pulverizers are still running, to 40% load if 2

pulverizers are still running.

Note 2) In case of one (1) CWP trips, the unit does not enters run back operation mode but operator shall decide whether

reducing load of the unit is required and to consider seawater temperature at the Plant common cooling water discharge

point.

2.2.5. Boiler operations when STG trips

Boiler load will run back to 40% load of TMCR and operator will operate manually to its 30%
load of BMCR, if neccessary. The B.O.P of the unit will maintain their operation as they did
before STG trips.
Operator may manually shut down the Boiler or B.O.P of the unit if necessary for long inspection
of STG.

Rev.0 10 of 16
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3. Unit Control
Automatic sequencing of each power generating unit from off-line to full load with minimized
operator intervention to ensure safe, reliable and highly efficient operation will be provided.
Operator intervention will include break-points in the sequence where the operator must confirm
that all vital pre-start conditions are acceptable before proceeding. Off-line is defined as the
Feedwater tank is enough heated, the steam turbine is on turning gear, fuel oil tank and coal silo
levels are suitable for continuous firing, and all auxiliaries are in service.
After start-up is completed, the load control shall follow the electrical load set point signal
established for each unit. As per the load control, the plant will be operated automatically for the
normal condition (above plant 40% TMCR load) and the disturbance condition such as runback
or house load case.

As part of this unit level sequencing, automated functional groups and subgroups of related
equipment will be included.
All automation capabilities and supervision of normal unit or plant operation will be performed
by the operator from the DCS operator workstations in the CCR.
It is important that all start-up and shut-down sequencing and operating procedures shall be
developed in close coordination with the equipment manufacturer’s information such as start-up
curves, operation procedures, etc.
The plant normal shut-down will be initiated by a shut-down command issued by the CCR
operator. The normal shut-down sequence will allow the plant to be shutdown in efficient and
orderly manner automatically with minimized operator intervention. All precautions required for
a safe plant shut-down of each system or piece of equipment will be applied.

3.1. Function of Unit Master Control

The Unit Master Control is composed of Unit Load Demand, Boiler Master, Turbine Master and
Main Steam Pressure Modeling. The MW target will come from Unit Load Demand. MW target
is determined by operator manually or by LDC automatically. Main steam pressure set value is
determined by main steam pressure modeling function. Sliding pressure operation as per design
criteria will be applied to VA2 power plant. So, main steam pressure is the variable according to
plant load. MW target and main steam pressure set value are transferred to both Boiler Master
and Turbine Master. Boiler Master function control the firing rate of the boiler by regulating the
fuel, air and feed water flow. Turbine Master function provide required steam turbine output to
turbine control system mainly.

Rev.0 11 of 16
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3.2. Control Mode of Unit Master Control

3.2.1. Boiler Following Mode
Boiler following mode means Boiler Master is in auto and Turbine Master is in manual mode. In
this mode Turbine Master controls only Plant load(MW) and Boiler Master controls main steam
pressure.
In results, main steam pressure may fluctuate because of Boiler response time. Plant load also
may fluctuate because of main steam pressure fluctuation.

3.2.2. Turbine Following Mode

Turbine following mode means Turbine Master is in auto and Boiler Master is in manual mode.
In this mode Boiler Master controls only Boiler output and Turbine Master controls main steam
pressure.
In results, Main steam pressure may be stable because Turbine inlet control valve moving speed
is much faster than boiler response time.

3.2.3. Co-ordinated Control Mode

Co-ordinated Control mode means both Turbine Master is in auto and Boiler Master is in auto
mode. In this mode Boiler Master and Turbine Master control both Plant load(MW) and main
steam pressure together.
In results, both Plant load(MW) and main steam pressure may be stable. Turbine inlet control
valve and Boiler output value to be changed automatically to keep target Plant load(MW) and
main steam pressure set value.

4. BFP and transfer Eco. inlet FCV to MOV

2 x 50% motor driven boiler feedwater pumps are provided and each pump includes motor,
booster pump which operates at constant speed, and hydraulic coupling to operate the main BFP
at variable speed.

The BFP which runs variable speed modulates feedwater pressure and flow after opening pump
discharge MOV, and one BFP is able to operate 50% load of TMCR.

In principle, transfer economizer inlet FCV to MOV as following but finally decided at
commissioning stage;
During start up and low load until about 30% load of TMCR feedwater flow to boiler is regulated
by economizer inlet FCV till it becomes almost fully open.
When Unit output increases and reaches to about 30% load of TMCR, economizer inlet FCV
position will be about 80~90%. Then MOV provided in parallel to the FCV will start to open and
the FCV will keep full open position.
Simultaneously, BFP change to flow control mode with keeping 30% FCV at fixed position.

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5. Steam turbine bypass system

Steam Turbine Bypass System consists of HP Steam Bypass System (based on 70% of main
steam flow at BMCR) which dumps the steam from Main Steam line into cold reheat steam line
and LP Steam Bypass System (corresponding to HP bypass capacity including HP bypass spray
water except extraction steam to feedwater heater No.7 and heating steam for deaerator) which
dumps the steam from hot reheat steam line into condenser.
They have three modes of function for start-up of the unit, monitoring, and quick dumping of the
steam during abnormal operation situation of the unit.

5.1. Function for unit start-up

Auxiliary steam is reserved from auxiliary boiler or another operating unit.
HP and LP Bypass valve should be open after condenser vacuum is established.
Steam Turbine Generator does start-up with HP turbine.
Main steam pressure is maintained 80 bar(g) by HP steam bypass valve for initial steam
admission & synchronization and the expected cold reheat steam pressure (HP bypass
downstream side) 10.5 bar(g). HP steam bypass valve outlet temperature is controlled equal or
close to HP turbine exhaust steam temperature predetermined.

5.2. Monitoring of steam pressure

HP and LP Bypass Systems have pressure monitoring function in order to prevent the steam from
over pressurization during normal operation. This function is activated after completion of the
start up mode.

5.2.1. Sliding operation of the unit

When the unit is in sliding pressure operation, pressure monitoring function controls main steam
pressure and hot reheat steam pressure as following.

HP bypass : normal operating steam pressure + 12.0 bar

LP bypass : normal operating steam pressure + 3.5 to 5.0 bar (bias between 40% TMCR and
100% TMCR)

5.2.2. Constant operation of the unit

When the unit is in constant pressure operation, pressure monitoring function controls main
steam pressure and hot reheat steam pressure as following.

HP bypass : normal operating pressure + 12.0 bar

LP bypass : normal operating steam pressure + 5.0 bar

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5.3. Quick dump of the steam during abnormal operation

When the unit is rapidly shifted to abnormal operation such as house load operation due to load
rejection of the unit, HP and LP bypass system will dump the surplus steam into Steam Turbine
Condenser.
HP steam bypass valve will quickly open to pre-determined position which is calculated by
energy balance at each load of unit and desuperheating water spray valve will be activated by
detecting temperature of bypass valve outlet.

LP steam bypass valve will quickly open to pre-determined position which is calculated by
energy balance at each load of unit and desuperheating water spray valve will be activated by
enthalpy calculation and then, reheat steam pressure as well as the steam temperature at the outlet
of steam bypass valve will be managed with feedforward control.

But in case of run back operation, pressure monitoring function of HP and LP bypass system is
able to manage the over pressurization of the steam.

6. Supply of auxiliary steam for unit start-up

Each unit has one auxiliary steam header and there is a interconnection line between two units.
Auxiliary steam supply line from auxiliary boiler is also connected to the interconnection line.
Auxiliary steam for unit start up will be supplied from the auxiliary boiler when all the units are
not available to supply auxiliary steam, and will be supplied from another unit if it is available.

Auxiliary steam into auxiliary steam header which operates at 16 bar(a) will be fed in the
following order (During start-up of unit, auxiliary steam will be supplied from another operating
unit or auxiliary boiler up to following load) ;
Another unit aux. steam header ⇒ Startup unit aux. steam header : up to 20 % of TMCR load
Auxiliary boiler ⇒ Startup unit aux. steam header : up to 20 % of TMCR load

Aux. steam supply from main steam will be started when unit load is equal or higher than 10 %
of TMCR, and Aux. steam will be supplied from cold reheat steam when unit load is equal or
higher than 50 % of TMCR.

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7. Unit master trip and protection

Unit trip and its protective actions are normally related to the operation of Boiler and Steam
Turbine Generator (STG).

7.1. In case of STG trip

When STG trips, boiler will be de-loaded and maintain 40% of TMCR.
Electrical power for auxiliary equipment in Unit SWGR and Common SWGR is fed through
Main transformer and Unit Auxiliary transformer.
The surplus steam due to STG trip will be dumped into STG condenser.
Main steam pressure will be decreased and finally maintained 110 bar(a) in constant pressure
operation.
Two(2) BFPs are still in operation and one BFP can be shut down by operator after
acknowledging the situation.
Steam supply to No. 7 heater from Cold reheat steam line is maintained and pegging steam for
deaerator will be fed from cold reheat steam line.

On an emergency turbine trip, all MSV, GV, RSV and ICV will be closed instantly.
Conditions which will cause a turbine trip are as follows:
- Generator Trip
- Stator Cooling Water Outlet Temperature high-high
- Lack of stator cooling water flow
- High vibration high-high
- Low vacuum of LP exhaust hood
- LP Turbine Exhaust Hood Temperature high-high
- LP Turbine LSB Temperature high-high
- HP Turbine Exhaust Temperature high-high
- TBN over speed
- EHC oil pressure low-low
- STG lube oil pressure low-low
- Main Oil Tank Level low
- HP turbine exhaust temperature High
- LP turbine last stage blade temp High
- Thrust Position High

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 OVERALL PLANT OPERATION PHILOSOPH
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7.2. In case of boiler trip

On boiler trip, Unit has to be shut down. STG will be accordingly tripped.
Turbine bypass system will dump the surplus steam into condenser.
Bypass damper of FGD will be open and raw gas damper as well as clean gas damper will be
close if furnace pressure of boiler is over-pressurized or under-pressurized at this situation.

Boiler trip is mainly caused by;

- Both FDF trip
- Both IDF trip
- Economizer inlet feed water flow low-low
- Total air flow low-low
- Furnace pressure high-high or low-low
- Loss of fuel
- Loss of both PAF while Coal Firing
- RH Protection
- Loss of all flame
- MFT relay trip
- MFT bush button (Manual EPB)
- Both BFP trip (BFP not running)
- Scanner cooling air fan not running
- Spiral tube temperature high-high
- Loss of DCS Control Power
- Main steam temperature high-high
- Reheat steam temperature high-high
- Instrument Air Pressure Not Healthy

7.3. In case of all CWP trip

In case two (2) X 50% CWPs are all tripped, boiler and steam turbine is intentionally tripped
and HP/LP bypass valve keep the closed position. Steam generated in boiler is vented out into air.

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