A KAZANIMLAR

AZAN
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F
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Destek ve
e Hareket Sistemi
mi - I
B

Kemik D
Doku ve Özellikleri
llikleri

ırd
Kıkırdak Doku ve Çeşitleri

Görev
İskelet Yapının Temel Görevleri
C

Eklem Çeşitleri

Eklemleri Oluşturan Temel Yapılar

 ÖSYM TADINDA

1. 4.

Kemik
Eklem
:PUV]P`HS RÛRÛYKHȘÛ
aHY

:PUV]P`HS
ZÛ]Û Eklem
RHWZ…S…
9LZPTKLN€Z[LYPSLULRSLT[…Y…PsPU
3PNHTLU[
LRSLTIHȘÛ
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A
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 000 2HWZ…S… PsLYPZPUKL ZÛ]Û PsLYPY 9LZPTKLN€Z[LYPSLULRSLTsLȴPKPPsPU
9LZPTKLN€Z[LYPSL
LZPTKLN€Z[LYPSL PPsPU
PsPU

Sƞ OC

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]LYPSLUPMHKLSLYKLUOHUNPSLYPKVȘY\K\Y&  0 6`UHY LRSL KPY
LRSLT ZÛUÛMÛUH KHOPSKPY
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6 \ `HWÛKHKÛY
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( @HSUÛa 0 ) 0 ]L 00 * @HSUÛa 00

D
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.LUPȴ OHYLRL[ HsÛZÛUH ZHOPW[
+ 00 ]L 000 , 0 00 ]L 000
]LYPSLUPMHKLSLYKLUOHUNPSLYPKVȘY\K\Y&
YKLUOHUNPSLYPKVȘY
ET H

P
( @HSUÛa 0 ) 0 ]L 000 * @HSUÛa 00

+ 00 ]]L 000
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2. 7LYPVZ[SHPSNPSPVSHYHR]LYPSLU
46
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R IƵ

 HYÛ PsLYPY
0 )VS TPR[HYKH RHU KHTHYÛ PsLYP
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00 AHYHY N€YLU RLTPRSLYPU ÛT ZHȘSH
HȘSH
ZHȘSHY
5.
Ü AR

.LsPYKPȘ
.LsPYKPȘPIPYRHaHZVU\J\RLTPRSLYPUKLU
.LsPYK
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+ 00 ]L 000 , 0 000 ]L 000

B

( )PSLR ) )HJHR * @…a

+ 2HMH[HZÛ , 6T\Y
C

3. 2ÛRÛYKHRKVR\PSLPSNPSP]LYPSLU
PSLPSNPSP]LYPSLU
LPSNPSP]LYPSLU

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0 ,TIYP`VKH PZ sVȘ\U
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00 )\ KVR\U\U HYH THKKLZPUKL RHU KHTHYÛ  0 6Z[LVU HKÛ ]LYPSLU IPYPTSLYKLU VS\ȴTH
I\S\UTHa  00 +PRPUL RVU\TS\ /H]LYZ RHUHSSHYÛ PsLYTL
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( @HSUÛa 0 ) 00 ]L 000 * 0 ]L 000 ( @HSUÛa 0 ) 0 ]L 00 * @HSUÛa 00

+ 0 00 ]L 000 , @HSUÛa 000 + 0 00 ]L 000 , 00 ]L 000

+ ) , ) , ,
 Destek ve Hareket Sistemi - I

2,4Ǧ2+62<=,kA,33Ǧ23,9Ǧ
X ǦUZHU PZRLSL[PUKL ................ HKL[ RLTPR I\S\U\Y

X 2LTPR KVR\ O…JYLSLYPUL .................... VYNHUPR ]L PUVYNHUPR `HWÛSÛ HYH THKKL`L KL .................... KLUPY

X 6ZLPUPU .. .. .. .. ............ RÛZTÛ WYV[LPU `HWÛZÛUKHRP RVSSHNLU SPMSLYKLU VS\ȴ\Y

X . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............. RÛZTÛ PZL RHSZP`\T MVZMH[ RHSZP`\T RHYIVUH[ RHSZP`\T MSVY…Y NPIP [\aSHY PsLYPY

X 2LTPR O…JYLSLYP `ÛSKÛa ȴLRSPUKL VS\W RLTPR KVR\Z\UKH ..................... HKÛ ]LYPSLU
U IVȴS\RSHYKH `LY HSÛY

A
Lakün

Sƞ OC

F
YZRHUHS
/H]LYZRHUHSÛ ,RSLTR
,RSLTRÛRÛYKHȘÛ
Osteosit Epifiz
Osteon

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Süngerimsi kemik
:ÛRÛRLTPR
:
Sharpey lifleri
RRHUHS
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ET H

P
Periost :HYÛPSPR

D
Damar Periost

47
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Damar
2H HTHYÛ
2HUKHTHYÛ Volkmann
RHUHSÛ /H]LYZRHU
/H]LYZRHUHSÛSÛ
Ü AR

@HWÛTO…JYLSLYP! .........................
@HWÛT

@ÛRÛTO…JYLSLYP! .........................

hLȴP[ <a\U 2ÛZH @HZZÛ +…aLUZPa

UZPa .LSPȴPTL,[RP,KLU-HR[€YSLY
.L
B

:ÛRÛ
2LTPR

/H]LYZ
=VSRTHUU
C

:…UNLYPTZP
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2ÛYTÛaÛǦSPR

7LYPVZ[

:HYÛǦSPR

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 Destek ve Hareket Sistemi - I

20209+(2+62<=,h,ǸǦ;3,9Ǧ
Kemik
Eklem
:PUV]P`HS RÛRÛYKHȘÛ
aHY

:PUV]P`HS
ZÛ]Û Eklem
RHWZ…S…
3PNHTLU[
LRSLTIHȘÛ
/P`HSPU2ÛRÛYKHR-PIY€a2ÛRÛYKHR

A
X 2LTPRSLYPU
LT LRSLT
RSLT `HWHU
` KL IHZÛUs
`…aL`SLYPUKL

Sƞ OC
HaHS[HU]LZ…Y[
aHS[HU]LZ…Y U
HaHS[HU]LZ…Y[…UTL`P€USL`LU

F
.........................
.............
.... `HWÛSHY
HY I\S\U\Y

6`UHY
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KL ...................
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................ ..

D
X
VSHYHR HKSHUKÛYÛSHU ]L PRP RLTPȘP IPYIPYPU
VSHY IPYIPYPUL IHȘSH`HU
LRSLT IHȘSHYÛ `LY
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ET H

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X 3PNHTLU[ LRSLTSLYL
LYL ZHȘSHTSÛR
ZHȘ ]L R\]]L[ RHaHUKÛYÛY
,RSLTSLYP IPSLaPR NPIP ZHYHU
LYP IPSLa
IPS HYHU ]L PRP RLTPȘP \s \JH [\[HU
.........................
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48
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X ,RSLTRHWZ…S…U…U
,RSLT
TRHWZ…S…U…
WZ…S…U… Ps `…aL`PUP €Y[LU ......... . . . . . . .
LRSLT
L LT
LRSLT ZÛ]ÛZÛ
ZÛ ZHSNÛSHY
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ZÛ ZHS

X ,RSLTZÛ]ÛZÛ
,RSLT
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] LRSLT IVȴS\Ș\UKH [VWSHUÛY RH`NHUSÛR
Ü AR

ZHȘSH`HYHR
ZHȘSH`H
HȘSH` LRSLT `…aL`PUKLRP HȴÛUTH`Û €USLY

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;Ǧ73,9Ǧ Ǧ:2,3,;:Ǧ:;,4Ǧ5Ǧ5.k9,=3,9Ǧ&
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 A KAZANIMLAR
AZAN
AZ
Sƞ OC

F
D
ET H

P
Z
Ü A
B

Destek
k ve Hareket Sistemi - II
R
C

Kas Çeşitleri

Hip
Huxley Hipotezi

rın Fizyolojisi
Kasların F
 ÖSYM TADINDA

1. ǦZRLSL[RHZÛPsPU]LYPSLU 4. .YHMPR[L IPY PZRLSL[ RHZÛ SPMPUPU RHZÛSTH ]L NL]ȴLTLZP

N€Z[LYPSTPȴ[PY
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2HZÛSTH
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VS\ȴ[\Y\Y
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IHUKÛKÛY
ab d
PMHKLSLYKLUOHUNPSLYPKVȘY\K\Y&
Zaman (s)

A
0 0,01
01 0,05 0,010
( @HSUÛa 0 ) 0 ]L 00 * @HSUÛa 00
)\UHN€YL
\UH
+ 0 00 ]L 000 , @HSUÛa 000

Sƞ OC
 0 2HZÛSTH \` KH ]LYPSTPȴ[PY
\`HYÛZÛ I UVR[HZÛUKH

F
 00 2HZÛSTH
2 L IHȴSHTHZÛ IL`PUJP
2HZÛSTHUÛU ILSSP KLȘLYSL IL`PUJ
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ZH
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D
2. ǦZRLSL[RHZÛUÛURHZÛSTHZÛZÛYHZÛUKHTL`KHUH
NLSLUVSH`SHYȴ\ȴLRPSKL€aL[SLUTPȴ[PY!  000 H ]L K HYHZÛUKHRP
RP […T aHTHUSHYKH (
(;7
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OHYJHUTÛȴ[ÛY
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UÛY
ET H

P
K NPSLYPK
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 00 :HYRVWSHaTPR YL[PR\S\TKHU ZHYRVWSHaTH`H
SHa
HaTH`H
RHSZP`\T P`VU\ NLsLY HSUÛa 0
( @HSUÛa ) @HSUÛa 00 * @HSUÛa 000
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Z`VU NLSPY
`VU TL`KHUH NLSP
NL
LSPY
50
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R IƵ

+ 0 ]L 00
+ , 0 00 ]L 000
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HȘSHUHJHȘÛ
ȘSHUHJH
UVR[HSHYÛ HsÛȘH sÛRHYÛY
YÛY
5. ǦZRLSL[R
ǦZRLSL[RHZSHYÛUKHRPLULYQPK€U…ȴ…TVSH`SHYÛPsPU
ǦZRLSL[ RHZ
RHZ
Ü AR

)\UHN€YLHȴHȘÛKHRPSLYKLUOHUNPZP`HWÛSÛYZH
KHRPSLYKLUOHUNPZP
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YPSLU
RHZÛSTHVSH`ÛKVȘY\IPYZÛYH`SHHUSH[ÛSTÛȴVS\U\Y&
KVȘY\IPYZÛYH`SH
KVȘY\IPYZÛYH`SHHU S\U\Y&
Y&
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0
( +LȘPȴPTL
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LR `VR ZÛYHSH
ZÛYHSHTH
S KVȘY\K\Y
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) 0 ]L 00 `LY KLȘPȴ[PYTLSPKPY
LY KLȘPȴ[PYTLS
KLȘPȴ[PYT
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* 00 ]L 000 `LY KLȘPȴ[PYTLSPKPY
`L KLȘPȴ[
LȘPȴ[
B

`\RHYÛKHRPYLHRZP`VUSHYKHUOHUNPSLYPKVȘY\K\Y&
+ 000 ]L KLȘPȴ[PYTLSPKPY
L 0= `LY K KPY
, 0 ]L 0= `LY KLȘPȴ[PYTLSPKPY
LSPKPY ( @HSUÛa 0 ) 0 ]L 00 * @HSUÛa 00

+ 0 ]L 000 , 0 00 ]L 000
C

3. (ȴHȘÛKH]LYPSLUVSH`SHYKHU"
YPSLUVSH`SHYKHU"
LUVSH`SHYKHU"
6. :HYRVWSHaTHZÛUKHRHSZP`\TTPR[HYÛNPKLYLR
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TP[[LYPU
0 5€YV[YHUZTP[[LYPU VY \s
\ WSHȘH ZHSÛUTHZÛ HY[HUIPYPZRLSL[RHZSPMPPsPU
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00 2HSZP`\T P`VUSHYÛUÛU ZHYRVWSHaTPR YL[PR\S\TH
NLYP HSÛUTHZÛ  0 / IHUKÛ NLUPȴSLTLR[LKPY

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 000 0 IHUKÛ KHYHSTHR[HKÛY
OHUNPSLYPUPUNLYsLRSLȴTLZPPsPU(;7»`LPO[P`Hs
K\`\S\Y& ]LYPSLUPMHKLSLYPUKLUOHUNPSLYPKVȘY\K\Y&

( @HSUÛa 0 ) 0 ]L 00 * @HSUÛa 00 ( 00 ]L 000 ) 0 00 ]L 000 * @HSUÛa 0

+ 0 00 ]L 000 , @HSUÛa 000 + @HSUÛa 00 , @HSUÛa 000

( + * + * +
 Destek ve Hareket Sistemi - II

2(::Ǧ:;,4Ǧ 2(:;Ǧ73,9Ǧ

+…a2HZ
X /LYOHUNP IPY \`HYHUSH \`HYÛSKÛȘÛ aHTHU RHZÛSHU ]L
[\[\UK\Ș\ VYNHU `H KH RLTPȘP V`UH[HU
. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . KVR\K\Y

X <a\U VSHU O…JYLSLYP ........................... HKÛUÛ HSÛY

X /…JYLSLYPHYHZÛUKHO…JYLHYHTHKKLZPI\S\UTHa

A
X /…JYL aHYÛUH .. ......................... ZP[VWSHaTHZÛUH
. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............... KLUPY

Sƞ OC

F
X :HYRVWSHaTHKH RHZÛSÛW NL]ȴLTL €aLSSPȘP VSHU
IPYIPYPUL WHYHSLS RVU\TKH \aHUHU

D
. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............ KLUPSLU [LSJPRSLY I\S\U\Y
ǦZRLSL[2HZÛ
RLSL[2HZÛ
X 4P`VMPIYPSSLY . .. ............... ]L ................... NPIP
WYV[LPU `HWÛSHYKÛY
ET H

P
X :HYRVWSHaTHKH sVR ZH`ÛKH ........................
...
. .. 
. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............. I\S\U\Y

51
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2(:/l*9,:Ǧ
Ü AR

ǦZRLSL[RHZÛ
Kemik KVR\Z\
)HȘKVR\Z\
)HȘKVR\Z\
HȘKVR\Z\
Çekirdek
kirdek
B

2HSW2HZÛ

4P`VMPIYPS
`VMPIYP
2HZSPMP
2HZS
C

Tendon 2HZMHZPR…S…!
:PUPY]LRHZ
KHTHYSHYÛ SPMKLTL[P
LTL[P

X 2HZÛU K\Y\T\U\U KLȘLYSLUKPYPSTLZPUKL ZPUPY PSL[P

OÛaÛUÛU OLZHWSHUTHZÛUKH YLMSLRZ T\H`LULSLYPUKL
R\SSHUÛSHU RHZÛULSLR[YPRZLSHR[P]P[LZPUPU
`HaKÛYÛSTHZÛUH ................................... KLUPY

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 Destek ve Hareket Sistemi - II

/<?3,@/Ǧ76;,AǦ

A
Sƞ OC

F
D
ET H

52 P
Z
R IƵ
Ü AR
B

2HZSHYRHZÛSZHKHNL]ȴLZLKLOHJPT
2HZSHYRHZÛSZH LOHJPT KLȘPȴTLa 2HZSHY RHZÛSÛYRLU KL NL]ȴLYRLU KL LULYQPOHYJHY

X ǦRP[PWTP`VMPSHTLU[I\S\U\Y
U\Y ............................
... ]L ............................
C

X 4P`VaPU PWSPRSLYPUPU
PU IHȴ
Hȴ RÛZTÛUK
RÛZTÛUKH ............
.... .............. LUaPTP HR[PUP `HRHSHKÛȘÛUKH ......................... `P WHYsHSHY

X (R[PUSLY .. .....................
............... ]L ....................... WYV[LPUSLYP PsLYPY

X (R[PUSLYPU IHȘSHUKÛȘÛ ................ sPaNPZP KLUPY

UKÛȘÛ aHYH ...

X 4PRYVZRVW[H IHRÛSKÛȘÛUKH PRP A sPaNPZP HYHZÛUKH ZHKLJL HR[PU PWSPRSLYPUPU N€Y…SK…Ș… HSHUH ................... IHUKÛ
TP`VaPU PWSPRSLYPUPU IV`KHU IV`H I\S\UK\Ș\ HSHUH ................ IHUKÛ ( IHUKÛUÛU ULYLKL`ZL [HT VY[HZÛUKH ZHKLJL
TP`VaPU PWSPRSLYPUPU N€Y…SK…Ș… HSHUH ................ KLUPY

X ǦRPAsPaNPZPUPUHYHZÛUKHRHSHU RHZÛU RHZÛSTH IPYPTPUL .........................KLUPY

X 2HZÛSTH RHZ O…JYLSLYPUKL ZPUPY O…JYLSLYPUKL VSK\Ș\ NPIP .............................. R\YHSÛUH N€YL sHSÛȴÛY

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 Destek ve Hareket Sistemi - II

2(:034(=,.,=Ǹ,4,5Ǧ5-ǦA@6361Ǧ:Ǧ -ǦA@6361Ǧ2;,;(5<:

A
Sƞ OC

F
2(:3(9+(,5,91Ǧ+k5lǸl43,9Ǧ
2(:3(9+(
2(:3(9+(, k5lǸl43,9Ǧ
5lǸl43,9

D
X (;7

2YLH[PU -VZMH[
2
2YL
ET H
X

P
Troponin X .SPRVQLU
kompleksi Tropomiyozin
ozin
zin

My
Miyozin
IHȴ
IHȴÛ
53
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ADP
P

Miyozin
iyozin
1. ATP miyozin 2. ATP harcanar-
ar- 3. Yeni bir ATP
IHȴÛUÛL[RPSLY HRHR[PUL molekülünü
molekülünün
Ü AR

ve miyozin (R[PU
IHȘSHUÛY(R[PU TP`
TP`VaPUL
TP`VaPULIHȘSHUTHZÛ
HR[PUL merin
sarkomerin ZVU\
ZVU\J\
ZVU\J\HR[PU]L Oksidatif sistem
10
100
rji seviyesi (%)

IHȘSHUTH`H YRLaPULKVȘY\
ULKVȘY\
TLYRLaPULKVȘY\ TP`V
TP`VaPUH`YÛSÛY
OHaÛYKÛY HYLRL[LKLYLR
LKLYLR
OHYLRL[LKLYLR .
.L]ȴLTLIHȴSHY SHY
RHZÛSTHIHȴSHY 75

50 .SPRVSP[PRZPZ[LT
Enerji
erji
B

25
Fosfojen sistem
Zaman
10 s 1 2 3 4 5 (dakika)
30 s 2HZÛSTHKHLULYQPZRHSHZÛ
C

10 b
2HZÛSTH
dönemi
.L]ȴLTL
.
dönemi
d
dönem
0ZÛ
x x
1 a c
0 Zaman

<`HYÛ

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 Destek ve Hareket Sistemi - II

.,5,3Ǧ-(+,3,9

X ,ȘLY RHZH \`HYÛSHY HȴÛYÛ OÛaKH NLSPYZL RHZ

NL]ȴL`LTLKLU [LRYHY RHZÛSÛY

X . .. .. .. .. .. ................ HKÛ ]LYPSLU [LR ]L Z…YLRSP IPY

RHZÛSTH [PWP VS\ȴ\Y

X ;L[HUPVSTH`HU HYKÛȴÛR \`HYÛSHYÛU RHZSHYKH N…s

A
VS\ȴ[\YTHZÛ ........................... L[RPZPKPY

X ,ȘLY RHZÛSHU RHZSHY LULYQPKLU `VRZ\U PZL RHZÛSÛ RHSÛY

Sƞ OC

F
@L[LYSP LULYQP VSTHKÛȘÛUKHU €S…TKLU ZVUYH RHZSHY
NL]ȴL`LTLa )\ VSH`H ........................... KLUPY
)LSSP IPY Z…YL ZVUYH ........................ PSL s€a…UTL

D
TL`KHUH NLSPY

X 2V]HSHUHU OH`]HUÛU L[P RH[Û ]L SHR[PRHZP[[LUKVSH`Û

UKVSH`Û
ET H

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SLaaL[ZPa VS\Y

Açma K
Kapama
ma

54
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Kas
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on
Tendon
2HZÛSÛ .L
.
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