PERSONNEL ROLES AND FUNCTION FOR
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSES
PLAN
Incident Commander
 The individual responsible for incident activities,
including the development for strategies and
tactics and ordering and the release of
resources.
 Has overall authority and responsibility for
conducting incident operations and is
responsible for the management of all incident
operations at the incident site.
 BFP – put off the fire
Medical Command Physician
 Communicates with and issues medical
command orders to EMS providers when they
seek direction.
 Shall have an arrangement with a medical
command facility to provide medical command
on its behalf and shall function under the
direction of a medical command facility medical
director and under the policies and procedures
of the medical command facility.
 Ex.: National Disaster Medical Management
Center (under DOH)– responsible for providing
medical director and coordinating medical
resources during disaster response operation
o Provides guidance in the field
o Works closely with the local government
to ensure an integrated and coordinated
approach for a medical care during
emergency
 Shall provide medical command to EMS
providers consistent with Statewide protocols
and protocols that are in effect in either the
region in which treatment originates or the
region from which the EMS providers begin
receiving medical command from a medical
command physician
Triage Officer
 Responsible for overseeing the triage of
patients, either directly or through managing the
individuals who are directly performing triage
 The duties include ensuring the triage of all
victims and directing the movement of patients
toward the treatment/transport areas of a mass
casualty incident.
 Often one of the first roles assigned, as one of
the priorities in an MCI is triage of the victims.
Community Relations for Public Information Officer
 Responsible for the community relations
programs of a company or organization
 Job duties include ensuring that the outreach
missions are meeting their objectives and
staying within budget.
 Ex.: Aboitiz Power – “The brighter community” –
to provide the solar power solutions to
underserved communities in the city, and the
manager also overseas the implementation of
the program and also ensure that it meets the
objectives which include providing the
sustainable energy solution, empowering the
communities and improving the quality of life of
the beneficiaries.
o The manager also works closely with the
local government units and non-
government organizations to identify the
target communities.
 Uses media events, public events, and group
activities to portray a positive image on behalf of
their organization.
 Qualifications for a CRO may include advanced
training in community psychology and
experience designing programs that meet the
goals of outreach programs.
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
National and Local Council
 Acts as the main institution in Mauritius for
coordinating and monitoring the implementation
of disaster risk reduction and management
activities as per the National Strategic
Framework and National Plan; through
community participation and public awareness
campaigns.
 Facilitate and coordinate the conduct of regular
trainings, drills, and simulation exercises to test
the adequacy of disaster response plans.
 Undertake and participate in post-disaster
reviews including lessons drawn from previous
disasters in disaster preparedness and response
plans.
Philippine National red Cross (PNRC)
 An independent and autonomous non-
government organization tasked to help the
Philippine government in the humanitarian field
and to adhere to the obligations of the
Philippines to the Geneva Conventions and
International Red Cross and Red Crescent
Society.
o Provides immediate assistance; medical
equipment and supplies in health
centers in the country.
o Staysafe.ph – track and monitor the
spread of covid virus
o Conducted blood donations regularly –
to ensure that the blood supply in
 hospital is adequate and accessible to
those who need it.
o Livelihood programs – help uplift the
lives of the most vulnerable communities
 The purpose of the Red Cross are as follows:
o To cooperate with public authorities in
the prevention of disease, promotion of
health and mitigation of human suffering
through programs administered by the
Philippine Red Cross
o To organize emergency relief operations
and other such services to aid the sick
and wounded of the armed forces in
time of armed conflict.
o To act in matters of voluntary relief and
of communication between the Republic
of the Philippines and their Armed
Forces, and between other countries,
their governments and people, and the
Armed Forced of the Republic of the
Philippines.
o To establish and maintain a system of
national and international relief in times
of calamities
o To devise and promote services as may
be found desirable in improving the
health, safety and welfare of the people.
National and Local Health Personnel
 Health professionals play a central and critical
role in improving access and quality health care
for the population
 They provide essential services that promote
health, prevent diseases, and deliver health care
services to individuals, families, and
communities based on the primary health care
approach.
Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD)
 The lead agency that formulates policies and
plans on social welfare and development
services, develops and implement programs and
services for the vulnerable sector, and serves as
the regulatory and capacity building body for the
intermediaries.
 Oversees and support the implementation of
social welfare and development programs
 The agency works to ensure that the services in
programs are effectively delivered to those in
need.
 The resources are use efficiently and effectively.
 Provides support for the disaster response and
rehabilitation efforts. And also promote a
sustainable livelihood program to help the
communities to become more resilient and self-
sufficient.
 Ensuring that the needs of the most vulnerable
sectors are addressed.
Civil Society Organizations
 Non-state, not-for-profit, voluntary entities
formed by people in the social sphere that are
separate from the state and the market. CSOs
represent a wide range of interest and ties.
Include community-based organizations as well
as non-governmental organizations (NGOs).
 This organizations are created by the
individuals, groups who seek to address social
issues, promote public welfare and advocate for
various causes that are important to them. CSOs
represent a wide range of interests: including
community-based organizations, non-
government organizations or the NGOs, fake
based organizations, labor unions, social
movement, advocacy group. These
organizations can vary from structures, and the
scope but they all share common goal of
working towards positive social change and
improving the lives of the people in the
communities.
 CSO play a vital role in the society in providing
the services, providing human rights and
advocating for social change. They often work in
the areas that are not fully covered by the state
or the private sector such as poverty reduction,
education, health care, and environmental
protection.
 Serves as the market by promoting
accountability and transparency indirect
representing the voices of the marginalized and
the represented groups. So overall, the CSOs
are important part of the civil society and lay a
crucial role in promoting social justice and
human rights and democracy. They provide
platform for citizens who engage in the social
and political issues and work towards creating a
more just society.
 In the context of the UN guiding Principles
Reporting Framework, CSOs do not include
business or for-profit associations.
 Examples of well-known civil society
organizations include Amnesty International, the
International Trade Union Confederation, the
Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF), Greenpeace
and the Danish Refugee Council (DRC).
Community Volunteers
 The key players in dealing with other hazards
like floods, earthquakes, and fires.
 Come from the community and remain in
community.
  The volunteers should be competent in the
following areas to execute the above-mentioned
tasks:
o Oral and written communications
o Problem solving
o Training, managing, and utilizing
information
o Mobilizing of vulnerable groups
o Benchmarking and service delivery
improvement on Disaster Risk
Reduction
LEADERSHIP ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A
NURSE IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND
MANAGEMENT
Leadership roles and responsibilities of a nurse
 Nurse in leadership position in all types of
healthcare and public health organizations can
assist with the design of disaster response plans
and the development of future change in
organization
 Advocates for communities and in particular for
vulnerable populations
o They can ensure that the need of this
population is taken into account in
planning and in implementation of the
disaster response activity. And then can
work to address any disparities or
inequities that may arise.
 They can use their knowledge and expertise to
ensure that the disaster response plan is
comprehensive and effective; they address the
specific needs of the community and vulnerable
population
o To reduce the risk associated with the
disaster and to promote the health and
well-being of their communities.
 Improves readiness of staff in hospitals, public
health and clinics
 Works with local office to ensure the role of
nursing is included in emergency preparedness
 Recruit, screen and mobilize nurses
 Manage schedules and implementation of
policies that provide staffs with time and
continuing education credit for disaster
education
 Works with hospital administration to ensure
hands-on exercises that build competencies
 Form academic practice partnership to ensure
the skills begin during the education process and
are furthered during practice.
AMERICAL ORGANIZATION OF NURSE
EXECUTIVES (AONE) GUIDING PRINCIPLES (2016):
 The nurse leaders are trained in media relations
and understand the tense of good
communication
 Leaders are skilled critical thinkers,
collaborative, and able to manage ambiguity
 Nurse leader projects calm, confidence, and
authority in all situations. They are empathetic to
how people react to loss, challenges, and
uncertainty.
 Nurse leaders are prepared to review and
practice the organization’s crisis readiness plan
with nursing staff
 The chief nursing officer is a member of the
senior leadership team, whose role is clearly
defined and sought by colleagues, particularly
during a crisis
CONCEPTS AND PRICIPLES IN MANAGING A
COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
AND MANAGEMENT (CBDRRM) PROGRAM
 Approach that seeks to involve local
communities in the disaster preparedness
 Recognizing that they are the first responder in
times of crisis, the concept and principles under
this program include the community
participation, risk assessment, capacity building,
partnership and collaboration, sustainability.
Core Principles of CBDRM
 The centrality of the role of the community in
CBDRM
 Priority should be given to the most vulnerable
people
 Recognition of different perceptions of risks,
vulnerabilities and capacities
 Application of multi-sectoral and multi-
disciplinary approaches
 Integration of disaster risk management into
local development processes
 CBDRM as an evolving and dynamic framework
 Disaster risk reduction is the highest aim
 CBDRM takes into account global emerging
issues, such as climate change, and epidemics
 To promote a common understanding on this
subject for use of the public, authorities, and
practitioners, most concepts and terms are
internationally defined concepts introduced by
the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
– ISDR in 2009. These concepts are:
o Hazard, disaster, natural disaster, risk
o Capacity, vulnerability
o Mitigation, preparedness, response,
recovery, relief
 o Climate change, adaptation, resilience
o Community, CBDRM
Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction
Management (CBDRRM) Process:
Household Disaster Risk Reduction Plan (Source:
World Vision)
 A continuous cycle of activity that aims to reduce
disaster risk and enhance the disaster
preparedness response recovery at the
community level
COMMUNITY PROFILE AND PARTICIPATORY RISK
ASSESSMENT
 Purpose
o To identify and profile the community
and collect general background
information about the community and
hazards
o The community will assess, analyze,
and rank disaster risks, hazards,
vulnerability, and their capacity.
Safer Commune Plan
Summary of commonly used tools in participatory
risk assessment
PARTICIPATORY RISK REDUCTION PLAN
 Purpose
o To develop a disaster risk reduction plan
through a participatory process with
targeted community
o Integrate disaster risk reduction into
local development planning
 A document that helps the household identify the
potential hazards and risk in their homes and
communities. And also take the necessary steps
to reduce the impact of the disaster
 Includes information on how to prepare for
disaster such as identifying the safe areas,
evacuation routes, emergency supplies, and
establishing a communication plans.
 How to response during and after the disaster
such as first aid, search and rescue, damage
assessment
 The role of this plan is to empower the house to
take control of their own safety and reduce the
impact of disaster in their lives
 monitoring activities with effective
support and assistance from
governmental agencies and outside
stakeholders.

PARTICIPATORY MONITORING AND EVALUATION

 Purpose
o Participatory monitoring and evaluation
(M&E) is to review the progress and
support the decision-making and
management system.
 Participatory monitoring has the following
purposes:
o To know whether or not implemented
activities achieve the planned
objectives. What can be done to better
achieve the planned objectives?
o To measure the process of achieving
objectives, performance, efficiency and
impacts
o To develop a feedback system that
encourages regular learning and sharing
among communities and stakeholders
for better implementation in the future.

 A community-based disaster risk reduction plan

that is developed through a participatory process
with a targeted community.
 Aims to identify and prioritize and address the
disaster risk and only the risk vulnerabilities and
capacity of the specific community.
 The plan includes specific actions and strategies
to disaster risk
 Enhance the community resilience and integrate
the disaster risk reduction to local development
planning.
 An important tool for promoting disaster risk
reduction at the community level and for
ensuring that the local development planning
takes into account the potential impact of the
disaster.

PARTICIPATORY IMPLEMENTATION OF DISASTER

RISK REDUCTION ACTIVITIES

 Purpose:
o The purpose of this step is to enable
vulnerable communities to take
leadership in reducing disaster risks
faced by them. The community
participates in implementing and