JAWAPAN

E (a) Perbelanjaan tetap / Fixed expense

BAB 10 Matematik Pengguna: Pengurusan K
­ ewangan (b) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
(c) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
(d) Perbelanjaan tetap / Fixed expense
10.1 Perancangan dan Pengurusan Kewangan (e) Perbelanjaan tetap / Fixed expense
(f) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
A Menetapkan matlamat kewangan → Menilai kedudukan kewangan (g) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
→ Mewujudkan pelan kewangan → Melaksanakan pelan (h) Perbelanjaan tidak tetap / Variable expense
kewangan → Mengkaji semula dan menyemak kemajuan
Setting goals → Evaluating financial status → Creating financial F 1. (a) Jumlah pendapatan / Total income
plan → Carrying out financial plan → Reviewing and revising the = RM2 200 + RM350 = RM2 550
progress Jumlah perbelanjaan / Total expenses
= RM800 + RM850 = RM1 650
B Matlamat Jangka Pendek
Short-term Goal Aliran tunai / Cash flow
• Membeli pakaian sukan = RM2 550 – RM1 650 = RM900
Buying sport attire \  Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow
• Membayar hutang RM500
(b) Jumlah pendapatan / Total income
Paying a debt of RM500
= RM2 500 + RM300 = RM2 800
• Menyimpan RM1 200 untuk membeli telefon pintar
Saving RM1 200 to buy a smartphone Jumlah perbelanjaan / Total expenses
= RM1 900 + RM1 170 = RM3 070
Matlamat Jangka Panjang
Long-term Goal Aliran tunai / Cash flow
• Menyimpan dana persaraan = RM2 800 – RM3 070 = –RM270
Saving for retirement fund \  Aliran tunai negatif / Negative cash flow
• Menyimpan untuk pendidikan anak-anak
2. Aliran tunai / Cash flow
Saving for children’s education
= RM2 600 + RM1 400 – (RM2 400 + RM1 800)
• Membuat pelaburan ASB bernilai RM250 000
= RM4 000 – RM4 200 = –RM200
Making ASB investment worth RM250 000
\  Aliran tunai Negatif / Negative cash flow
Selepas perubahan / After changes:
C Membeli satu set televisyen bersama kabinet
S Perbelanjaan tetap / Fixed expenses
Buy a set of television with the cabinet
= 90% × RM2 400 = RM2 160
Harga satu set televisyen bersama kabinet ialah RM4 500 Aliran tunai / Cash flow
M
The price of a set of television with the cabinet is RM4 500 = RM2 600 + RM1 400 – [RM2 160 + (RM1 800 – RM140)]
= RM4 000 – RM3 820
Menyimpan RM750 setiap bulan daripada jumlah = RM180
pendapatan bulanan RM5 000 \  Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow
A
Save RM750 each month from her monthly income of
RM5 000 G 1. (a) Jumlah simpanan / Total savings
= RM90 × 4 bulan / months
RM750 adalah 15% daripada pendapatan bulanannya = RM360
R
RM750 is 15% of the monthly income Boleh dicapai / Can be achieved

Dalam tempoh 6 bulan (b) Jumlah simpanan / Total savings

T = RM250 × 12 × 5
Within 6 months
= RM15 000
Tidak boleh dicapai
Cannot be achieved
D (a) Pendapatan aktif / Active income
(b) Pendapatan pasif / Passive income H 1. (a) x = RM2 800 – RM1 150 – RM1 550
(c) Pendapatan aktif / Active income = RM100
(d) Pendapatan aktif / Active income y = RM2 800 – RM1 150 – RM1 450
(e) Pendapatan pasif / Passive income = RM200
(f) Pendapatan pasif / Passive income

1 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

   Matematik Tingkatan 4 Jawapan Bab 10

(b) Jumlah simpanan / Total savings Pelan kewangan Encik Leong mempunyai pendapatan lebihan
= RM750 × 54 bulan / months kerana jumlah pendapatan melebihi jumlah perbelanjaan.
= RM40 500 Mr Leong’s financial plan has a surplus of income because the
Oleh itu, Rokiah dapat mencapai matlamat kewangan dan total income exceeds the total expenses.
dia mempunyai lebihan RM500 (RM40 500 – RM40 000)
daripada simpanannya.
Thus, Rokiah can achieve her financial goal and has PRAKTIS BERPANDU SPM
SPM
a surplus of RM500 (RM40 500 – RM40 000) from her
savings. 1. Mengembara ke Eropah.
S
(c) Gaji baharu / New salary Travel to Europe.
= 110% × RM3 500 = RM3 850
Kenaikan gaji membolehkan simpanan bulanan ditambah Kos mengembara ialah RM5 000.
M
dan Rokiah dapat mengumpul jumlah wang yang diperlukan The travelling cost is RM5 000.
dalam masa kurang daripada 54 bulan kerana jumlah
perbelanjaan masih sama. Menyimpan RM350 setiap bulan daripada pendapatan
The salary increment enables the monthly savings increase bulanan RM3 100.
A
and Rokiah can save the amount needed in less than Save RM350 every month from the monthly income of
54 months because the total expenses is still the same. RM3 100.

I 1. Simpanan tetap bulanan / Fixed monthly savings RM350 ialah 11% daripada jumlah pendapatan.
R
10 RM350 is 11% of the total income.
= × RM4 200
100
Dalam tempoh 15 bulan.
= RM420 T
Within 15 months.
Pendapatan pasif / Passive income
= RM1 400 + RM350
= RM1 750 2. (a) Aliran tunai / Cash flow
= Jumlah pendapatan – Jumlah perbelanjaan
Pelan kewangan   Total income – Total expenses
Pendapatan dan Perbelanjaan = RM2 500 + RM500 – RM1 200 – RM1 350
Financial plan
Income and Expenditure = RM450
(RM)
(Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow)
Pendapatan bersih Aliran tunai yang bernilai positif adalah baik kerana Xu Ling
Net income mempunyai lebihan pendapatan dan ini dapat membantunya
Gaji bersih / Net salary 4 200 menghadapi perbelanjaan yang tidak dijangka.
Pendapatan pasif / Passive income 1 750 Positive cash flow is good because Xu Ling has a surplus
Jumlah pendapatan bulanan 5 950 of income and this can help her in case of unexpected
Total monthly income ­expenses.
Tolak simpanan tetap bulanan (10% daripada gaji (b) Aliran tunai / Cash flow
bulanan) 420 = Jumlah pendapatan – Jumlah perbelanjaan
Minus fixed monthly savings (10% of monthly salary)   Total income – Total expenses
Tolak simpanan dana kecemasan = RM2 500 – [110% × (RM1 200 + RM1 350)]
Minus savings for emergency fund 300 = RM2 500 – RM2 805
= –RM305
Baki pendapatan / Income balance 5 230
(Aliran tunai negatif / Negative cash flow)
Tolak perbelanjaan tetap bulanan Aliran tunai yang menjadi negatif kerana Xu Ling mempunyai
Minus monthly fixed expenses defisit pendapatan dan ini mungkin menyebabkan dia
Pinjaman rumah / Housing loan 1 000 mungkin menggunakan kad kredit kerana kekurangan wang.
Ansuran kereta / Car instalment 800 The cash flow is negative because Xu Ling has a deficit of
Premium insurans / Insurance premium 380 income and this may cause her to use credit card due to lack
Jumlah perbelanjaan tetap bulanan 2 180 of money.
Total monthly fixed expenses
Tolak perbelanjaan tidak tetap bulanan PRAKTIS BERORIENTASIKAN SPM
SPM
Minus monthly variable expenses
Petrol dan tol / Petrol and toll 250 1. Naik pangkat / Getting a promotion
Bill utiliti / Utility bills 300
Jawapan / Answer: B
Hiburan / Entertainment 380
Pendidikan anak-anak / Children’s education 450
Perbelanjaan makanan / Food expenses 1 000 2. Aset dan liabiliti diperlukan bagi menilai kedudukan kewangan
Duit belanja keluarga / Family pocket money 400 seseorang.
Assets and liabilities are needed to evaluate financial status.
Jumlah perbelanjaan tidak tetap bulanan 2 780
Total monthly variable expenses Jawapan / Answer: B
Pendapatan lebihan / Surplus of income 270

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 2

 Matematik Tingkatan 4 Jawapan Bab10 

3. Jumlah perbelanjaan tetap 5. Aliran tunai / Cash flow

Total fixed expenses
= RM70 + RM650 + RM500
= RM1 220
Jumlah perbelanjaan tidak tetap
Total variable expenses
= RM760 + RM130 + RM175 + RM50
= RM1 115
= RM3 000 + RM300 – RM1 400
= RM1 900
Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow
6. (a) Aliran tunai Rakesh / Rakesh’s cash flow
= RM3 450 + RM300 – RM2 205 – RM1 620
= –RM75

Jawapan / Answer: A Aliran tunai Monash / Monash’s cash flow

= RM2 850 + RM400 – RM2 100 – RM780
4. Pendapatan pasif / Passive income = RM370
= RM800 + RM150 (b) Aliran tunai Monash lebih baik kerana dia mempunyai lebihan
= RM950 pendapatan.
Monash’s cash flow is better because he has a surplus of
Jawapan / Answer: B income.

3 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.