Libro Ingles 1

English 1
Universidad Internacional de las Américas
English Department
2019 - III Q
Compiled by:
Dinier Amador
Serrano
Catalina Guerrero
Troyo
Sarah Guzmán
Zuñiga
Acknowledgements
This English booklet was part of a project implemented by the English Department
at UIA. This project aimed the improvement of language teaching through the
implementation of didactive and interactive material within the courses, so students will
take advantage of all the tips and information of this booklet.
First, the English Department and the Head of Department must be thanked by
allowing the realization of this material. Her support and advice allowed us to achieve the
best of the results. Also, we want to thank the group of professors who kindly provided
material to accomplish this booklet.

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Table of Contents
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ 1
Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................... 2
Unit 1: Nice to meet you! ............................................................................................................... 9
First Meeting.............................................................................................................................. 9
Personal Space ........................................................................................................................... 9
Introducing your Friend............................................................................................................ 11
Personal information ................................................................................................................ 12
Practice 1 ............................................................................................................................. 14
Practice 2 ............................................................................................................................. 15
Practice 3 ............................................................................................................................. 16
Practice 4 ............................................................................................................................. 17
Practice 5 ............................................................................................................................. 18
Unit 2: He is my hero! .................................................................................................................. 19
Mind map: Simple present tense .............................................................................................. 21
Simple Present of Verb “To be” ................................................................................................ 22
Personality Adjectives .............................................................................................................. 24
Practice 6 ............................................................................................................................. 25
Practice 7 ............................................................................................................................. 26
Practice 8 ............................................................................................................................. 26
Practice 9 ............................................................................................................................. 27
Practice 10 ........................................................................................................................... 29
Practice 11 ........................................................................................................................... 30
Countries & Nationalities ......................................................................................................... 31
List of Countries, Nationalities and their Languages ............................................................. 31
Wh- Questions ......................................................................................................................... 35
Practice 12 ........................................................................................................................... 36
Reading Comprehension .......................................................................................................... 37
Text 1: My daily routine ....................................................................................................... 37
Text 2: Mary's Hobbies and Interests .................................................................................... 38
Unit 3: What do you do? .............................................................................................................. 39

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Simple present of any other verb .............................................................................................. 39
Uses of Simple Present ............................................................................................................. 42
Repeated Actions ................................................................................................................. 42
Scheduled Events in the Near Future .................................................................................... 42
Adverb Placement ................................................................................................................ 42
Pronunciation Key .................................................................................................................... 43
Type one: final sound /S/ ...................................................................................................... 43
Type two: final sound /Z/ ..................................................................................................... 43
Type three: final sound /IZ/ .................................................................................................. 44
Spelling rules............................................................................................................................ 45
Practice 13 ........................................................................................................................... 46
Practice 14 ........................................................................................................................... 46
Practice 15 ........................................................................................................................... 46
Practice 16 ........................................................................................................................... 47
Practice 17 ........................................................................................................................... 48
Practice 18 ........................................................................................................................... 48
Practice 19 ........................................................................................................................... 50
Practice 20 ........................................................................................................................... 51
Practice 21 ........................................................................................................................... 52
Practice 22 ........................................................................................................................... 53
Practice 23 ........................................................................................................................... 54
Practice 24 ........................................................................................................................... 55
Practice 25 ........................................................................................................................... 56
Practice 26 ........................................................................................................................... 57
Text 3: It’s the journey, not the destination…. ...................................................................... 58
Text 4: New Year in Vietnam ............................................................................................... 59
Text 5: San Valentine’s Day ................................................................................................. 60
Unit 4: Where is the theater? ....................................................................................................... 61

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Use of on, in, at (time).............................................................................................................. 61
Use of on, in, at (place) ............................................................................................................ 62
Practice 27 ........................................................................................................................... 63
Practice 28 ........................................................................................................................... 64
Practice 29 ........................................................................................................................... 65
Practice 30 ........................................................................................................................... 66
Practice 31 ........................................................................................................................... 67
Practice 32 ........................................................................................................................... 68
Text 6: My House ................................................................................................................ 70
Unit 5: Let’s go shopping .............................................................................................................. 71
Practice 33 ........................................................................................................................... 73
Practice 34 ........................................................................................................................... 73
Practice 35 ........................................................................................................................... 74
Practice 36 ........................................................................................................................... 75
Unit 6: How often do you…? ........................................................................................................ 76
Definition: ............................................................................................................................... 76
Use of adverbs ......................................................................................................................... 76
Adverbs of frequency ............................................................................................................... 77
Some Frequency Adverbs......................................................................................................... 77
Practice 37 ........................................................................................................................... 78
Practice 38 ........................................................................................................................... 79
Practice 39 ........................................................................................................................... 80
Practice 40 ........................................................................................................................... 81
Unit 7: Let’s meet at 2 pm. ........................................................................................................... 82
Explanation .............................................................................................................................. 82
O'clock ..................................................................................................................................... 82
12:00 ....................................................................................................................................... 83
Asking for the Time .................................................................................................................. 83
Giving the Time ........................................................................................................................ 83
Practice 41 ........................................................................................................................... 83

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Practice 42 ........................................................................................................................... 84
Unit 8: This is my family ............................................................................................................... 86
Members of the Family ............................................................................................................ 87
What is a Pronoun? .................................................................................................................. 88
Personal / Subject Pronouns ..................................................................................................... 88
Rules ........................................................................................................................................ 88
Object Personal Pronouns......................................................................................................... 88
Rules ........................................................................................................................................ 89
Possessive Personal Pronouns .................................................................................................. 89
Rules ........................................................................................................................................ 89
Practice 43 ........................................................................................................................... 90
Practice 44 ........................................................................................................................... 90
Practice 45 ........................................................................................................................... 91
Practice 46 ........................................................................................................................... 91
Practice 47 ........................................................................................................................... 92
Practice 48 ........................................................................................................................... 93
Practice 49 ........................................................................................................................... 93
Practice 50 ........................................................................................................................... 94
Practice 51 ........................................................................................................................... 95
Practice 52 ........................................................................................................................... 96
Practice 53 ........................................................................................................................... 97
Practice 54 ........................................................................................................................... 98
Practice 55 ........................................................................................................................... 99
Reading Comprehension ........................................................................................................ 100
Text 7: Mary's family ......................................................................................................... 100
Unit 9: Look! What are they doing? ............................................................................................ 101
Definition .................................................................................................................................. 102
Grammar Form ...................................................................................................................... 102
1. The Now period of time .............................................................................................. 103
Examples:............................................................................................................................... 103
2. Long Actions in Progress Now ................................................................................... 103

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Examples:............................................................................................................................... 103
3. Near Future ................................................................................................................ 103
Examples:............................................................................................................................... 103
Adverb Placement .............................................................................................................. 103
Examples:............................................................................................................................... 104
Practice 56 ......................................................................................................................... 105
Practice 57 ......................................................................................................................... 106
Practice 58 ......................................................................................................................... 106
Practice 59 ......................................................................................................................... 107
Practice 60 ......................................................................................................................... 108
Unit 10: One or two?.................................................................................................................. 109
Articles .................................................................................................................................. 109
Practice 61 ......................................................................................................................... 111
Practice 62 ......................................................................................................................... 112
Practice 63 ......................................................................................................................... 112
Practice 64 ......................................................................................................................... 113
Practice 65 ......................................................................................................................... 114
Practice 66 ......................................................................................................................... 114
Practice 67 ......................................................................................................................... 115
Practice 68 ......................................................................................................................... 117
Practice 69 ......................................................................................................................... 118
Practice 70 ......................................................................................................................... 120
Practice 71 ......................................................................................................................... 120
Unit 11: I had fun during my last vacations ................................................................................. 122
Simple Past of Verb “to be” ................................................................................................... 123
Practice 72 ......................................................................................................................... 124
Simple Past of Regular and Irregular Verbs ............................................................................ 125
Form ...................................................................................................................................... 125
Use of Simple Past ................................................................................................................. 125
Irregular Verbs ................................................................................................................... 126
Spelling Key............................................................................................................................ 126

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Pronunciation Key .................................................................................................................. 126
Practice 73 ......................................................................................................................... 127
Practice 74 ......................................................................................................................... 128
Practice 75 ......................................................................................................................... 129
Practice 76 ......................................................................................................................... 130
Practice 77 ......................................................................................................................... 131
Practice 78 ......................................................................................................................... 132
Practice 79 ......................................................................................................................... 133
Unit 12: Are you hungry? ........................................................................................................... 134
Practice 80 ......................................................................................................................... 135
Countable and Uncountable Nouns ......................................................................................... 136
Much and Many ..................................................................................................................... 137
Some & Any .......................................................................................................................... 137
Positive Clauses ..................................................................................................................... 137
Negative Clauses.................................................................................................................... 138
Questions ............................................................................................................................... 138
Exceptions ............................................................................................................................. 138
Positive Clauses with Any .................................................................................................. 138
Questions with Some .......................................................................................................... 138
Practice 81 ......................................................................................................................... 139
Practice 82 ......................................................................................................................... 140
Practice 83 ......................................................................................................................... 141
Practice 84 ......................................................................................................................... 141
Practice 85 ......................................................................................................................... 142
Practice 86 ......................................................................................................................... 142
Practice 87 ......................................................................................................................... 143
Practice 88 ......................................................................................................................... 144
Additional Readings ................................................................................................................... 145
Additional Reading 1 ............................................................................................................. 145

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List of Verbs ............................................................................................................................... 157

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Unit 1: Nice to meet you!
First Meeting
When you meet someone new, it is common to shake hands, both for men and for women.
Hugs are a way to express affection especially among close friends. Kissing is not common, and
U.S.A men never kiss other men.
Personal Space
You must remember to keep a specific distance when you are talking to somebody else.
Everybody has an invisible shield around their body into which other people may not come.
Crossing this shield can make the other person feel uncomfortable; also, avoid physical contact
while you are speaking because this may lead to discomfort. Touching is a bit too intimate for
casual acquaintances.
Greetings, farewells, and important phrases
Are you ready? Can you repeat?
Can you repeat, please? See you later!
Can you speak slower, please? Have a nice day!
Good Afternoon Good Night!
Good Bye Bye bye!
Good Morning Good Evening!
Hello, my name is... I am ... years old.
How are you? Where do you live?
I don't understand. You're welcome.
I'm fine, thank you. Excuse me.
Pleased to meet you. / Nice to meet you. Where are you from?
See you later Take care

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Thank you very much! Same to you.
What does “XX” mean? How do you say “XX” in English?
What is your name? How old are you?
What's happening? / What's up? What do you do? / What do you do for a
living?
Collocations
 Personality:
 Charismatic, dominant, dynamic, engaging,
extroverted, forceful, outgoing, strong

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Introducing your Friend
Read the dialogues
Conversation 1
Ann: "Hello Tony. It's good to see you again. How are you doing?"
Tony: "Oh, hi Ann. I'm doing fine. What about you?"
Ann: "I'm doing great. Tony, this is my friend Kate. She's from the U.S."
Tony: "Hi Kate, nice to meet you."
Kate: "Nice to meet you too, Tony. Your English is good. Where do you go to school?"
Tony: "Oh, thank you. I'm a student at the local university."
Kate: "What's your major?"
Tony: "My major is Business Administration. I'm a graduate student and Ann studies at the
School of Humanities, right?"
Ann: "That's right. I'm an English major undergraduate."
Kate: "That’s good. Sorry Tony, Ann and I must go now. Have a great day."
Tony: "You too, Kate. It was nice meeting you. Bye Ann."
Ann: "Bye Tony. Take care. I'll see you tomorrow."
Conversation 2
A: You are David, right?
B: Yes. And you are? Oh, I remember. You are in my English class. We are classmates.
A: Yeah. I’m Katherine.
B: Well, it’s nice to meet you.
A: How are you doing? Do you enjoy the class?
B: I’m not sure. Some days it seems to be ok, but other days I am so bored in class.
A: I know what you mean. And the weather doesn’t help at all.
B: You are right. The weather is terrible.
A: I hope it gets better. I’d like to see the sun.

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B: Do you have something coming up?
A: To tell you the truth, it’s just depressing seeing so much rain.
B: I don’t blame you. But don’t let it get you down.
A: Thanks, I will. Oh! This is my stop. See you later.
B: See you in class. Bye!
Conversation 3
A: I hear “Catching fire” is supposed to be good. Do you want to go to the movies tomorrow?
B: I have a dinner with my family tomorrow.
A: We can go to the late show. I think it starts at nine o’clock.
B: That would be great.
A: What time can you be at the theatre by?
B: I can be there at 8:45.
A: Ok, I’ll meet you there.
Personal information
Personal information questions are the basis to start a conversation in any language. They
build the stages of conversation.
Some common questions are:
Names
 What is your name?

 My name is _______.
o Do you have a nickname?
o Yes, my nickname is _______ or No, I don't.
Work & Occupation
 What do you do?

 I am a _______.
 Where do you work?
 I work at _______.
 Do you like your job?
 Yes, I do. or No, I don't.

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Marital Status
 Are you married / single?

 Yes, I am. or No I'm not.
 Do you have a boyfriend / girlfriend?
 Yes, I do. or No, I don't.
 What is your partner's name?
 My partner's name is _______.
Family
 Do you have any children?

 Yes, I have _______ children. or No, I don't
 How many brothers and sister do you have?
 I have _______ brothers and _______ sisters.
Age
 How old are you?

 I am _______ years old.
 When is your birthday?
 My birthday is on the _______ of _______.
Contact Information
 Where are you from?

 I am from _______.
 What is your phone number?
 My phone number is _______.
Free time activities
 What are your hobbies?

 My hobbies are _______.
 What type of music do you like?
 I like _______ music.
 Do you like to read?
 Yes, I do. or No, I don't.

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Practice 1
Read the dialogue and complete the chart with the information requested.
Hi! My name is John Hello guys! I’m Stefani Joanne Hello! We are Barack
Christopher Depp II. I was born Angelina Germanotta. I’m known and Michelle Obama.
in 1963, in Kentucky. I’m an in the music world as Lady Gaga. I’m the president of
actor and people know me as I was born in 1986. I’m a pop the U.S.A. I am 52
Johnny Depp. Maybe you should singer. During my last show in years old and my wife
recognize me for movies like Costa Rica, I enjoyed a lot of the is 50. We live in the
Pirates of the Caribbean or Alice nature and beaches. White House. I love to
in Wonderland. spend some time with
my family.
Name: Name: Name:

Nickname: Nickname: Nickname:
Last Name: Last Name: Last Name:
Age: Age: Age:
Occupation: Occupation: Occupation:

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Practice 2
Look at the picture and look for a phrase to break the ice and start a conversation. Write it down
and compare it with the one of your classmates.

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Practice 3
Read the following dialogue and complete it with the right questions.
Manager: Hello Sir. I am the manager Mr. Jonhson. How may I help you?
Applicant: Hello Mr. Jonhson. My name is Karla. I am here for the job as a secretary.
Manager: Perfect. I just need to ask you some questions. _________________________? (1)
Applicant: My full name is Karla Patricia Andrews Clark.
Manager: Well, Ms Andrews. ________________________? (2)
Applicant: I am Argentinean, but my parents are from England.
Manager: That’s interesting. _______________________? (3)
Applicant: I look older, but I’m just twenty.
Manager: That’s right. ________________________ ? (4)
Applicant: My birthday is on June 10th, 1991.
Manager: _______________________________? (5)
Applicant: I don’t have a cell phone number. But, my house number is 2441- 9867
Manager: ____________________________? (6)
Applicant: It’s kandrews@gmail.com.
Manager: _________________________________? (7)
Applicant: It’s 7 0 172 0 932
Manager: Finally, Miss Andrews. __________________________? (8)
Applicant: Right now, I am engaged. I’ll marry soon.
Manager: Well, Thank you very much. We’ll call you later for the job.
Applicant: Thanks to you. Have a nice day!
This file is licensed by judieguv under the iSLCollective Copyright License
Upload date: 2012-04-24 21:19:59

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Practice 4
The teacher reads the dialogue while the students select the correct option.
Giving personal information
Lucy: Hello.
School librarian: Hello, what’s your name?
Lucy: My name’s Lucy.
School librarian: And what’s your surname, Lucy?
Lucy: Moore.
School librarian: Can you spell that?
Lucy: M-O-O-R-E.
School librarian: Thank you. What class are you in?
Lucy: Class 1B.
School librarian: Class 1B. And how old are you, Lucy?
Lucy: I’m 13.
School librarian: Have you got a photo?
Lucy: Yes, here you are.
School librarian: Thank you ... OK, thank you, Lucy. Here’s your school library card.
Lucy: Thanks. Bye.
School librarian: Goodbye.
Circle the correct option according to the dialogue
1. Lucy’s surname is More / Moor / Moore .
2. She’s in class 1C / 1B / 4B .
3. Lucy is 13 / 14 / 15 .
4. The librarian asks for Lucy’s address / photo / passport

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Practice 5
Find two classmates to provide you with some personal information. Ask them the right question
so they can understand. Then, choose one of your classmates and introduce him/her to the rest of
the class.
Student Card #1
Library Card
Picture
First name: ______________________________
Last name: ______________________________
Phone number: ______________________________
Address: ______________________________
E-mail: ______________________________
Student Card #2
Student Card
First name: ______________________________
Last name: ______________________________
Phone number: ______________________________
Address: ______________________________
E-mail: ______________________________

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Unit 2: He is my hero!
“My Dad is my hero. He's 85 now and he is in great

health. He is handsome and strong. He has an
incredible moral and ethical backbone. I couldn't have
been luckier with my parents.”
Harry Connick, Jr.
In June, 2011, National Post Magazine Online published an article for Father’s Day.
Readers were pushed to tell people about fathers using only 6 words.
Taken from: http://news.nationalpost.com

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“For this year’s Father’s Day, we want you to tell us what your dad means to you. Inspired by
the six-word memoirs project, we’re asking for six words that sum up your father.”
For example:
My dad is the person who taught me to skate

or
He is tall and young
Instructions: Please write at least 5 sentences with 6 words to tell your classmates what
your dad means to you.
1. __________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________

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Mind map: Simple present tense
The simple present tense is used to express that an action (verb) takes place once, never,
or several times. It is also used for actions that are set by a timetable or schedule. It can be
divided in two categories: simple present of verb “to be” and simple present with other verbs.
Simple Present
To Be Other Verbs
I am He/She/It eats
I/You/We/They
He/She/It is
eat
You/We/They are

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Simple Present of Verb “To be”
The verb “to be” is the most important verb in the English language. It is a linking verb,
which means that it is used to connect the subject with extra information or complements. It has
an irregular conjugation in all the verb tenses. It is important to remember that verb “to be”
works as an auxiliary verb.
An auxiliary verb adds grammatical

information to the sentence (tense,
modality, emphasis, etc.
Positive and Negative Sentences
Subject Pronoun Verb Form Contraction Negative Contraction
I am ‘m am not -
You are ‘re are not aren’t
He/She/It is ‘s is not isn’t
We are ‘re are not aren’t
You are ‘re are not aren’t
They are ‘re are not aren’t

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Questions
Subject Pronoun Question Positive Answer Negative Answer
I Am I happy? Yes, I am No, I am not
You Are you tired? Yes, you are No, you are not
He/She/It Is she a student? Yes, she is No, she is not
We Are we friends? Yes, we are No, we are not
You Are you relatives? Yes, you are No, you are not
They Are they sad? Yes, they are No, they are not
Words that express simple present: always /

every ... / often / normally / usually /
sometimes / seldom / never / first / then

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Personality Adjectives
Personality adjectives are used to describe a person and his/her personality. Everybody is
different, for instance: one person may be crazy and like to do extroversive things, and another
one may be lazy and prefer to sleep rather than work. In the following chart, you will test your
knowledge on adjectives. Please write the meaning or translation
Personality adjectives Meaning

ambitious
annoying
argumentative, quarrelsome
bad-tempered
big-headed
bitchy
brave
cantankerous
carefree
careless
cautious
conceited, full of oneself
cowardly
crazy, nuts
cruel
charming
cheerful
dull, boring
flirtatious
friendly
generous
hard-working
honest
kind
laid-back
lazy
loyal
mean
modest

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moody
naive
naughty (children)
open-minded:
narrow-minded:
polite
proud
reliable: he’s a very reliable person
self-confident: to be self-confident
selfish
shy - introverted
strict
stubborn
sympathetic (understanding)
talkative
trustworthy
two-faced
weird
Practice 6
Write the correct form of verb “to be” for each sentence.
1. I _________ sleepy. 10. The doctors _________ smart
2. You _________ handsome. 11. My computer _________
3. _________ Mario French? necessary.
4. She _________ friendly. 12. This apple _________ delicious.
5. It _________ hot today. 13. He _________ tall.
6. We _________ tired. 14. Windows ________ made of
7. You _________ hungry. glass.
8. They _________ ugly. 15. I ________ here now.
9. The teacher _________ kind.

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Practice 7
Circle the correct verb form of the verb “to be” in each sentence.
1. Luis (am – is – are) a journalist. 6. The students (am – is – are)

2. Kristy and Sue (am – is – are) tired.
friends. 7. It (am – is – are) cold today.
3. I (am – is – are) sleepy. 8. Carlos (am – is – are) busy.
4. A dog (am – is – are) loyal. 9. María (am – is – are) crazy.
5. His cat (am – is – are) black. 10. Donald and Daisy (am – is –
are) a couple.
Practice 8
Use the verb “to be” to complete the sentences.
Daniela and Noely ________best friends and they do everything together. After
school, they spend every day together. One day they meet on the bus to school and they start
talking.
“Hey Daniela,” says Noely. “How ________you?”
“Hey girl,” says Daniela. “I ________ doing fine. What ________ you doing today?”
“Oh,” says Noely, “I _____ _____ doing anything special. I don’t have any plans.”
“That ________ cool.”
“Yeah,” says Noely. “But I have something really important to tell you.”
“Really! Can I try to guess?”
“Umm…” says Noely. “Well…”
“Okay, I get three guesses. Ready?”
“Umm, well… if you say so.”
“________ we going to the movies together?”
“No, that _____ _____ it.”

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“Okay. Are we going to a party together?”
“No. It ____ ____ that either.” Noely looks sad and nervous. From her eyes a tear starts to fall
down her cheek.
“Oh,” says Daniela, wiping a tear from her own eye. “Now I know. I can read you face… You
________ moving away.”
Practice 9
Write the correct form of "to be" in Simple Present tense.
My name (be) ________ (1) Richard. I (be) ________ (2) fifteen years old. I live on a
farm. It (be) ________ (3) in the country. It is quiet in the country. It (be, not) ____ ____ (4)
loud in the country.
I wake up early. Sometimes, I wake up before the sun rises. Sometimes it (be)
5 ________ (5) still dark when I wake up. But I don’t mind. I like waking up that early. I like
the way the country looks in the morning.
The first thing I do after I wake up is milk the cow. After I finished milking the cow, I
bring the milk to my mom. I think she uses it to make breakfast. She makes a delicious
breakfast. My mom (be) ________ (6) a good cook.
10 Next, I feed the pigs. One time, I asked my mom how come my little sister doesn’t feed
them. She said it is because my sister (be, not) ________ (7) strong enough. But I still don’t
understand. She is almost as strong as me! I guess my mom doesn’t want my sister to get hurt.
After all, the pigs (be) ________ (8) rough, especially when they (be) ________ (9) hungry.
The last thing I do (be) ________ (10) to feed the chickens. That (be) ________ (11)
15 easy. I just throw some food down on the ground and they run out and eat it. While the

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chickens (be) ________ (12) eating, I go into their house to collect their eggs. Chicken eggs
(be) ________ (13) good to eat. They (be) ________ (14) easy to cook too. That is what I do
in the mornings. I (be) ________ (15) busy.
Taken for: EnglishForEveryone.org

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Practice 10
Complete with the right conjugation of verb to be and then choose the correct answer
according to the picture.
1. ______ he a football player?
a. No, _____ _____. He _____ a 2. _____ they adults?
___________________ a. _____, _____ _____.
_____________________________
3. _____ she a nurse?
a. _____, _____ _____.

4. _____ he a student?
a. _____, _____ _____.
5. _____ she a girl? 6. _____ she his aunt?

a. _____, _____ _____. a. _____, _____ _____.
______ ______ his mom.
7. _____ she a ballerina?
a. _____, _____ _____.
8. _____ he a pilot?
a. _____, _____ _____.

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Practice 11
Transform the sentences into negative using the Simple Present Tense of the verb “to be.”
1. I am French.
_____________________________________________
2. Science is my favorite subject.
_____________________________________________
3. You are my best friend in the world.
_____________________________________________
4. We are sad.
_____________________________________________
5. My friends are jumping the rope.
_____________________________________________
6. I am excited about Sally’s party.
_____________________________________________
7. She is my sister’s friend.
_____________________________________________
8. The dog is barking.
_____________________________________________
9. They are mad at each other.
_____________________________________________
10. I am quiet.
_____________________________________________

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Countries & Nationalities
There are some aspects you must take into consideration when talking about nationalities:
 We almost never say: What is your nationality?

 We usually say: Where are you from? OR Where do you come from?
 To tell someone your nationality you DON'T say: My nationality is Chilean.

 You say: I'm Chilean
Remember
 I am from Chile.
 To Be + from + country
 I am Chilean.
 To Be + Nationality
List of Countries, Nationalities and their Languages
The following list includes some countries with the appropriate nationality and the main
language that is spoken in the country.
*You will notice that people from United States have the nationality 'American.' Some
people from other parts of the American continent (especially Central and South America) tend
not to like the word American for people from the United States. You will find that they will call
them North American.
Country Nationality Language

Afghanistan Afghan Persian - Pashto
Argentina Argentine / Argentinean Spanish
Australia Australian English
Bolivia Bolivian Spanish
Brazil Brazilian Portuguese
Cambodia Cambodian Cambodian
Cameroon Cameroonian French / English

31
Canada Canadian English / French
Chile Chilean Spanish
China Chinese Chinese
Colombia Colombian Spanish
Costa Rica Costa Rican Spanish
Cuba Cuban Spanish
Denmark Danish (Dane) Danish
Dominican Republic Dominican Spanish
Ecuador Ecuadorian Spanish
Egypt Egyptian Arabic
El Salvador Salvadorian Spanish
England English English
Finland Finnish Finnish
France French French
Germany German German
Ghana Ghanaian English
Greece Greek Greek
Guatemala Guatemalan Spanish
Haiti Haitian French / Creole
Honduras Honduran Spanish
Indonesia Indonesian Indonesian
Iran Iranian Persian
Ireland Irish Irish / English
Israel Israeli Hebrew
Italy Italian Italian
Japan Japanese Japanese
Jordan Jordanian Arabic
Kenya Kenyan Swahili
Korea Korean Korean
Laos Laotian Laotian

32
Malaysia Malaysian Malay / Malaysian
Mexico Mexican Spanish
Morocco Moroccan Arabic / French
Netherlands Dutch Dutch
New Zealand New Zealander English / Maori
Nicaragua Nicaraguan Spanish
Norway Norwegian Norwegian
Panama Panamanian Spanish
Paraguay Paraguayan Spanish
Peru Peruvian Spanish
Philippines Filipino Tagalog / Filipino
Poland Polish Polish
Portugal Portuguese Portuguese
Puerto Rico Puerto Rican Spanish
Russia Russian Russian
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic
Spain Spanish Spanish
Sweden Swedish Swedish
Switzerland Swiss Swiss
Taiwan Taiwanese Chinese
Tajikistan Tajik Tajik (Persian)
Thailand Thai Thai
Turkey Turkish Turkish
United States American * English
Uruguay Uruguayan Spanish
Venezuela Venezuelan Spanish
Vietnam Vietnamese Vietnamese
Wales Welsh Welsh / English
Taken from: http://www.vocabulary.cl/

33
These are Wh- Information
words. You can Questions
use them to create
information
questions.
How?
When?
Who?
Why?
What?
Where?
Examples:
What is that? Why are you sad?
Who is that girl? Where is the bank?
How are you?
When is the party?

34
Wh- Questions
Wh- Questions are used to find out more information about topics.
When? Time
Where? Place
Use the
Who? Person nationalities to
make
Why? Reason information
questions
How? Manner
What? Object/Idea/Action
Other words can also be used to inquire about specific information:
Which (one)? Choice of alternatives
Whose? Possession
Whom? Person (objective formal)
How much? Price, amount (non-count)
How many? Quantity (count)
How long? Duration
How often? Frequency
How far? Distance
What kind (of)? Description

35
Practice 12
Complete the questions with the right Wh-word.
1. __________ is that? It is a pencil.
2. __________ are those girls? They are my granddaughters.
3. __________ is your birthday? It is on March 15.
4. __________ are you here? Because I want to see you.
5. __________ am I? You are in Montreal.
6. __________ is on the table? My bag.
7. __________ is your English teacher? Mr. Andrew.
8. __________ is your telephone number? It’s 022224556.
9. __________ are you? I’m fine.
10. __________ is the coffee? It is very sweet.
11. __________ are his parents? They are in China.
12. __________ are you? I am a mechanic.
13. __________ is John’s birthday? It is on December 12.
14. __________ old, is she? She is twelve years old.
15. __________ is your father sick? Because he works very hard.
16. __________ are these? They are candies.

36
17. __________ is Christmas Day? On December 25th.
18. __________ are my notebooks? They are on the bookshelf.
19. __________ is that tall man? He is my brother.
20. __________ are the children sad? They don’t go to the zoo.
Reading Comprehension
Text 1: My daily routine

Hello, my name is Pablo. I'm twelve years old. I live in Tegueste with my parents and my
sister.
On weekdays, I usually wake up at half past seven, but I stay in bed until twenty-five to
5 eight. Then I go to the bathroom and I take a shower. After that, I get dressed, comb my hair and
I go to the kitchen to have breakfast. I usually have a cup of milk and some biscuits for breakfast.
After breakfast, I go back to the bathroom and brush my teeth. Then I go to my bedroom
and make my bed. I leave home at eight o'clock. I always go to school by car, but some of my
friends go to school by bus or on foot.
10 My lessons start at half past eight. In our school, we always have three lessons before the
break. The break starts at a quarter past eleven and it finishes at a quarter to twelve. After the
break, I have three more lessons and I leave school at half past two. I sometimes walk back home.
I walk along the road with my friends. I get home at about ten to three. I have lunch with my
parents and my sister.
15 After lunch I do different things. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays I go training. I

train from five to seven. Then I go back home and do my homework, chat with my friends on the
messenger and read a book. On Tuesdays and Thursdays, I watch TV, I do my homework, I go
for a walk, I play with my computer and read a book. I always have dinner with my family and
we talk about our day during dinner. Then I take a shower, I read a book and I go to bed at about
20 eleven o'clock.
Taken from: gobiernodecanarias.org

37
1. What is the name of the boy?
2. How old is he?
3. Where does he live?
4. What time does he wake up?
5. Does he have milk and biscuits for breakfast?
6. What does he do after breakfast?
7. Does he make his bed?
8. How does he go to school?
9. What time does he leave home?
10. What time does his lesson start?
Text 2: Mary's Hobbies and Interests

Mary has a lot of hobbies and interests. She usually gets up early so she can jog before
work. She often doesn’t have time to ski, but she occasionally goes on Saturdays during the
winter. Mary often rides a horse at a caw house near her home. She usually goes horseback riding
on Sundays and sometimes after work. She loves music. She always goes to choir practice on
Wednesday evenings and sings in church on Sundays. She doesn't have much extra money, so
she rarely goes to concerts in the city. She seldom watches TV because she likes doing things
outside. She usually goes to the gym if it's raining outside. She isn't often alone because she has a
lot of friends. She occasionally does something alone, but she usually does her activities with one
of her friends. She's a happy woman!
Taken from: http://esl.about.com/
Activity: Ask the students to talk about their favorite hobbies and activities.

38
Unit 3: What do you do?
Simple present of any other verb
As its name says, you can conjugate any other verb in the Simple Present Tense. Just try
to have in mind that both kinds of verbs belong to the same verb tense but they are used to
express different ideas.
Examples:
 I like bananas.
 You dance tango.
 We eat pizza.
 They play the piano.
 He washes the dishes.
 She listens to music.
 It (The dog) barks aloud.
Positive Form Negative Form Questions

I like bananas. I don’t like bananas. Do I like bananas?
You dance tango. You don’t dance tango. Do you dance tango?
We eat pizza. We don’t eat pizza. Do we eat pizza?
They play the piano. They don’t play the piano. Do they play the piano?
He washes the dishes. He doesn’t wash the dishes. Does he wash the dishes?
She listens to music. She doesn’t listen to music. Does she listen to music?
It (The dog) barks aloud. It doesn’t bark aloud. Does it bark aloud?

39
Uses of Simple Present
Repeated Actions
Simple Present is used to express that an action is repeated or usual. It can be a hobby,
daily event, schedule, etc. It can also express something a person forgot or usually does not do.
Past Present Future
Scheduled Events in the Near Future
Past
*
Present Future
You can use Simple Present to talk about events planned in the near future. This is done
when you talk about public transportation, but it can be used with other events as well.
Examples:
 The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.

 The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
Adverb Placement
Adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc. are placed after the subject.
Examples:
 You only eat pizza.

 Do you only eat pizza?

42
Pronunciation Key
If a word ends in the letter’s’ (e.g. plural noun or verb in the third person), there are three
ways to pronounce this’s’ - /S/, /Z/ and /IZ/. Similarly, any word which ends in 'ed' (e.g.
adjective or the past of a regular verb) may be pronounced/T/, /D/ or /ID/.
Type one: final sound /S/

In this kind of words, the final’s’ should be pronounced by pushing out some air between
the top of your tongue and your top teeth, without using the vocal chords (the sound made by a
snake or gas escaping from a pipe). This sound takes place in voiceless sounds, which means in
words that end in the following sounds:
Type two: final sound /Z/

This sound is formed in the same way as in the previous example, but you must make a
sound with your vocal chords (the sound made by a bee, or high-voltage electricity). Type two
sounds come after voiced sound such as in the following words:

43
Type three: final sound /IZ/
This sound is pronounced in the same way as the verb 'to be' in its third person form (is).
If a word ends in a consonant sound + 'y', the pronunciation of final 'y' is /EE/ and in the plural,
it has a type 3 sound, but there is no extra syllable e.g. 'copy' /KO PEE/ (2 syllables), 'copies'
/KO PIZ/ (also 2 syllables).
You have to add the extra sound

/IZ/, if the verb ends in:
ch, sh, z, s, x, g
Pronunciation
Classify the word according to the final sound
/s/ /z/ /iz/

Watches
Houses
Cars
Looks
Knives
Baths
Handkerchiefs
Boxes
Keys
Envelopes
Boys

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Wishes
Walks
Glasses
Studies
Works
Jobs
Spelling rules
The spelling for the verb in the third person differs depending on the ending of that verb.
1. For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z we add -ES in the third person.
 go – goes
 catch – catches
 wash – washes
 kiss – kisses
 fix – fixes
 buzz – buzzes
2. For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove the Y and add -IES.
 marry – marries
 study – studies
 carry – carries
 worry – worries
NOTE: For verbs that end in a vowel + Y, we just add -S.
 play – plays
 enjoy – enjoys
 say – says

45
Practice 13
Circle the word which contains a different sound.
a) Likes makes watches decides

b) dances washes plays catches
c) smokes words drinks eats
d) listens drives thinks wives
Circle the word which ends in /IZ/. Classify the other words in /s/ or /z/
a) Smokes words dances

b) Drinks likes washes
c) Drives finishes plays
d) Watches cooks speaks
e) Studies listens cooks
Practice 14
Write the “-s” or “-es” in the verbs:
See Fly Dance Cut

Do Write Drink Say
Think Catch Wash Sit
Buy Go Live Give
Eat Study Fix Lay
Come Dream Break Teach
Practice 15
Complete the sentences using the verbs in simple present.
• I ________ (go) to the park with my girlfriend.
• We sometimes ________ (use) the computer in class.
• My friends ________ (study) Medicine at U.I.A.
• Classes ________ (finish) at nine o’clock.

46
• Peter _________ (not study) French.
• Adrian _________ (watch) the game on TV.
• Antonio _________ (play) the guitar.
• Karla _________ (not read) magazines.
• _________ you _________ (like) my new car?
• _________ she _________ (walk) to school?
• Pedro _________ (speak) Italian fluently.
• My dog _________ (bark) very loudly.
• _________ Sara _________ (read) the book in her bed?
• _________ babies _________ (sleep) during the day?
Practice 16
Organize the sentences below
1. (we / not / study much for the exam)

__________________________________________________________________
2. (they / think to get a new apartment)
__________________________________________________________________
3. (he / know how to cook?)
__________________________________________________________________
4. (why / I / have to feed the dog?)
__________________________________________________________________
5. (she / not / sleep late)
__________________________________________________________________

47
Practice 17
Complete using Simple Present.
1. (He / eat) _________________________________ lunch every day?
2. (He / come) _________________________________ to Hawaii often?
3. They (go) _________________________________ to a restaurant every Saturday
evening.
4. She (not / go) _________________________________ to the theater very often.
5. You usually (arrive) _________________________________ late.
6. He normally (eat) _________________________________ breakfast at the office.
7. (You / study) _________________________________ every night?
8. (They / work) _________________________________ late usually?
Practice 18
Write questions based on the answers given.
1.- ……………………………………………………………………?
My name is Steven.
2.- ……………………………………………………………………?
I’m from Colombia.
3.- ……………………………………………………………………?
My birthday is in April.
4.- ……………………………………………………………………?
I have two children.
5.- ……………………………………………………………………?

48
Daniela (the oldest) is 15 years old.
6.- ……………………………………………………………………?
Cristian is just four years old.
7.- ……………………………………………………………………?
My wife is an English teacher, too.
8.- ……………………………………………………………………?
I go to school by bus.
9.- ……………………………………………………………………?
It usually takes me twenty minutes to get to school.
10.- ………………………………………………………………….?
School starts at seven o’clock and finishes at three o’clock.
11.- ………………………………………………………………….?
My favorite food is pizza.
12.-……………………………………………………………………?
I always have lunch at home.
13.- ………………………………………………………………….?
I prepare my lessons at night.
14.- …………………………………………………………………….?
My daughter does her homework in the evening.

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Practice 19
Make Simple Present tense ‘wh’ questions:
1. (where / you / go to work?)
__________________________________________________________________
2. (what / you / do?)
__________________________________________________________________
3. (where / John / come from?)
__________________________________________________________________
4. (how long / it / take from U.S.A to Japan?)
__________________________________________________________________
5. (how often / she / go to the doctor?)
__________________________________________________________________

50
Practice 20
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (Verbs with (*) can be repeated)
Want – Meet – Listen – Boil – Drink - Cost* - Speak – Need – Love – Teach – Ring - Go* -
Have - Close* - Wash – Open – Eat - Smoke
1. She _____________________ four languages.
2. Jane is a teacher. She_________________________ French.
3. When the kettle __________________, will you make some coffee?
4. I always ____________________ the window of my room at night because it is snowing.
5. Those shoes __________________________ too much.
6. The food and transportation in Italy are expensive. It ___________________ a lot to live
there.
7. His job is great because he ______________________ so many different people and cultures.
8. He always _____________________________ his bike on Mondays.
9. My watch is broken and it __________________________ to be fixed again.
10. I ___________________ to watch movies with my family.
11. I ___________________________ to the cinema with my friend at least once a week.
12. They never ______________________________ tea in the morning.
13. We both ________________________________ to the radio in the morning.
14. Kathy _____________________________ a big wedding with a white dress.
15. George _______________________ too much so he will get fat if he doesn’t get on a diet.
16. The earth ________________________ around the sun, doesn't it?
17. The shops in England ______________________ at 9:00 in the morning.
18. The post office ________________________________ at 5:30 pm.

51
19. Jackie _________________________________ two children now.
20. Mr. Smith _________________ too much. He always has a cigarette in his mouth.
21. When the phone _____________________________, please answer it.
Practice 21
Read the text and Underline the mistakes. Then write the mistake number and correct them.
Does you have a fast car? Brian has a fast car and he drive very fast. He never gets a
ticket because his car is too fast for the police. They chases him, but they can't catch him, Brian
always escapes from the police. The police wants to catch him, but their cars are too slow. Brian
like to drive over 100 mph. When he sees the police, he waves to the police. They turn on their
sirens and their red lights to chase after Brian, but Brian speeds up and escapes from the police.

52
Practice 22
Write sentences in the present simple tense, transform them into negative and questions as it
corresponds.
1. Subject: His father Verb: work Complement: fire department / everyday
(+) …………………………………………………………………………………….
(-) ……………………………………………………………………………………..
(?) ……………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Subject: I Verb: walk to school Complement: everyday
(+)……………………………………………………………………………………..
(-) ……………………………………………………………………………………..
(?) ……………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Subject: Sally Verb: study Complement: Italian / in Rome.
(+) ……………………………………………………………………………………
(-) …………………………………………………………………………………….
(?) ……………………………………………………………………………………
4. My friends _______________________________ (play) volleyball.
(-)___________________________________________________________________
(?)___________________________________________________________________
5. It _______________________________ (to be) small and adorable.
(-)___________________________________________________________________
(?)___________________________________________________________________

53
6. I _______________________________ (watch) TV on Saturday morning.
(-)___________________________________________________________________
(?)___________________________________________________________________
7. Luis and Diana _______________________________ (to be) Chinese.
(-)___________________________________________________________________
(?)___________________________________________________________________
8. The dog _______________________________ (like) cats.
(-)___________________________________________________________________
(?)___________________________________________________________________
Practice 23
Transform the sentences into negative using the Simple Present Tense.
1. I study French.
_____________________________________________
2. School finishes at two o´clock.
_____________________________________________
3. You copy from other students.
_____________________________________________
4. We think English is easy.
_____________________________________________
5. My friends play volleyball.
_____________________________________________

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6. I watch TV on Saturday morning.
_____________________________________________
7. She speaks Chinese.
_____________________________________________
8. The dog likes cats.
_____________________________________________
9. They listen to pop music.
_____________________________________________
10. I play with my hamster every day.
_____________________________________________
Practice 24
Complete the questions and write true answers:
Example: do you study English? Yes, I do
 ………… you play tennis? ……………………
 ……….... you and your family live in Denmark? …………………….
 …………. your friends like rock music? ……………………..
 …………. your English teacher come from the U.S.A? ………………………..
 …………. you and your classmates study Electromechanical Engineering?
………………………..

55
Practice 25
Look at the picture and write a description of the routine. You can write it in 1° person or
3°-person singular.

56
Practice 26
Read the text and underline the simple present mistakes. Then, write the correct form over the
mistake. There are 13 mistakes.
Tim has 23 years old and he work for a company in Sacramento, California. He is a
customer service representative. He gets up at six o'clock each workday. He does drive to work
and begins his job at eight o'clock. He speaks to people on the telephone to help them with their
banking problems. People telephones the bank to ask questions about their accounts. Does you
have a bank account? If you do, Tim can help you any time. He don't give information about
accounts until people answers a few questions. Tim asks callers their birth date, the last four
digits of their social security number and their address.
If a person give incorrect information or if people doesn’t know the answer, Tim asks
them to call back with the correct information. Tim be polite and friendly with everyone. He have
lunch in a park next to his office. He returns home at five o'clock in the evening. After work, he
go to the gym to work out. He has dinner at seven o'clock. Tim like watching TV after dinner. He
goes to bed at eleven o'clock at night.
Taken from: esl.about.com

57
Ask the students to read the text and ask them to answer some questions related to it.
Text 3: It’s the journey, not the destination….
Do you ever dream of a very special place for a party? You are not alone! That is why a
lot of people, especially in North America, now have some celebrations on board a ‘dinner train’.
Dinner trains are often beautiful, old steam trains which have a restaurant car and take their
passengers on a return journey across spectacular scenery. The return journey is usually two to
four hours. The trains do not run very fast, they do between about 20 and 40 kilometers per hour.
But for the people who book them, it is the journey itself that’s important, not the destination.
People go on those trains to enjoy a good meal and the slow journey, and to look out of
the window and enjoy the scenery. Some people even have wedding receptions and birthday
parties on them. But dinner trains are not just restaurants on wheels: companies now book them
not only for staff parties and company anniversaries, but also for business meetings!
1. What’s a dinner train?
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. How fast do they travel?
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. How long does a journey take?
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. What do people do on dinner trains?
_____________________________________________________________________________

58
Ask the students to read the article and make them tell different ways to celebrate other holidays.
Text 4: New Year in Vietnam
In Vietnam, our New Year is not on 1 January. It takes place late January or early
February, it depends on the moon, and it lasts three days or more. We call this festival Tê´ t. It is
also our spring festival, and it is the top event of the year. We prepare for Tê´ t weeks before. We
do a lot of shopping because shops close during the celebrations. We also clean and decorate the
house, buy new clothes for the children and cook special holiday food.
On New Year’s Day, children wear their new clothes and wish their parents and
grandparents a happy new year. Then they receive a red envelope with ‘lucky money’ in it. We
believe red is a lucky color, but we don’t use white or black decorations. Tê´ t is also everybody’s
birthday, because in Vietnam you are one year old on the day when you celebrate your first Tê´t!
After New Year’s Day, we visit friends and relatives. Many people go to temples, play games, or
watch dragon dancers and other street performances. And during Tê´t, we don’t say bad things
and we don’t do bad things!
1. When does it take place New Year in Vietnam?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. How is this festival called?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What activities are carried out before the festival?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. What are the children given on New Year’s Day?
___________________________________________________________________________
5. What do people do after New Year’s Day?
___________________________________________________________________________

59
Ask the students to read the article and answer some questions.
Text 5: San Valentine’s Day
Saint Valentine's Day started to honor the Christian Saint Valentine. In the 14 th Century,
Geoffrey Chaucer wrote a romantic poem about Valentine's Day. Since then, this day has been a
romantic day. In the 19th Century, paper Valentine cards became very popular in England. Soon
after, companies around the world printed many different cards for this special day.
Today, Valentine's Day is very commercial and many greeting cards are sold. In some
countries like Canada, children give Valentine cards to all their classmates. Valentine's Day is
also celebrated by couples. Many people go out on dates or do something romantic on this day.
Restaurants are very busy with boyfriends, girlfriends, husbands, and wives on romantic
dinner dates.
Valentine's Day is a happy day of love and friendship. So, this year on February 14th,
don't forget to tell everyone you love "Happy Valentine's Day!
Taken form: learnenglish-online.com

1. Why is San Valentine celebrated?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. When is San Valentine celebrated?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. When did Valentine cards become popular?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. How do people celebrate San Valentine’s Day?
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Why San Valentine is considered a special day?
___________________________________________________________________________

60
Unit 4: Where is the theater?
Prepositions are words that are placed before a noun. Prepositions do not always have a
literal translation or might have several translations depending on the use and situation. There are
not rules to learn them, but you can use some techniques such as reading and looking them up in
a dictionary.
Some prepositions of place:

On, in, at, over, next to, between, behind, in front of,
across, under
Use of on, in, at (time)
Preposition Use Example
On  Specific Days and Dates  On Mondays

 Holidays  On June, 25th
 On Halloween
In  Specific years, month, seasons  In 1997
 In summer
 In May
At  Specific times  At 12:35
 At noon
 At the moment

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At In On
at 8 o'clock in April on Friday
at 1: 43 pm in spring on March 12th
at noon in 1821 on 25 Dec. 2010
at bedtime in the 60s on Christmas Day
at sunrise in the Ice Age on my birthday
at the moment in the past/future on New Year's Eve
Use of on, in, at (place)
Preposition Use Example
On  Name of streets  on main avenue

 Directions  on the right
 Surfaces  on the wall
In  Name of towns, cities, states,  in New York, in San
countries, and continents José
 Bodies of water  in the lake
 A place where you can walk in  in the classroom
(Enclosed space)
At  Specific Addresses  at the bottom of the page
 Place of a page
At In On
at the corner in the garden on the wall
at the bus stop in London on the ceiling
at the door in a box on the cover
at the top of the page in a building on the floor
at the front desk in a car on the menu
on a page

62
Practice 27
Complete the sentences with in, on, or at as appropriated.
1. Stuart gets home late ______ night ________ Monday.
2. My English class starts ______ 6:30 p.m.
3. I prefer to work ______ the morning than ______ the afternoon ________
Saturday.
4. They have a snack __________ 10:00 A.M.
5. Jane and I got married ___________ 2004, and now we have three children.
6. A: Hello, Is Jane home?
i. B: She is not here ________ the moment. Can I take a message?
7. I usually take Japanese classes ________ Saturday afternoon.
8. I will go to England to visit my parents________ the fall.
9. _______ the picture, I can see a woman.
10. The woman is sitting _______ a table.
11. She is sitting _______ a chair.
12. Her feet are _______ the table
13. The woman is holding a cup _______ her hands.
14. _______ the table there are a laptop, a paper, a calculator, an appointment
calendar, two pens and a muffin.
15. The woman is looking _______ her laptop.
16. The woman's bag is _______ the table.

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Practice 28
Each sentence given below contains a mistake on prepositions use. Find the mistake and correct
it.
1. Who is that cute girl on the fifth row?
2. There is a big spider in the ceiling.
3. Granny is arriving with the 3.30 train.
4. As there was no room on the bus, we got out.
5. Don’t throw food at the animals.
6. We should arrive to Smith’s in time for dinner.
7. She lives in a flat in the third floor.
8. What did you do in the weekend?
9. He can run 1000 meters at about four minutes.
10. I met her in a cold afternoon in winter.

64
Practice 29
Write sentences using prepositions of place.
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________
6. _____________________________________________________________________
7. _____________________________________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________________________________
9. _____________________________________________________________________
10. _____________________________________________________________________

65
Practice 30
Write sentences using prepositions.
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________

66
Practice 31
Match the numbers with the preposition.
Taken from iSLCollective.com

67
Practice 32
Follow the instructions and find the requested places.
Supermarket
Hospital
station
Police
Bus
Book store Bakery station
King’s Road
Cinema
Street Italian
Theatre
Underground Café
Bond Avenue
station Restaurant
Shop
Green Street
Library
Museum
office
Factory
Post
You are here!

A.
Go straight on. Then take the first left on to Green Street. Walk past the library and it’s the
building next to the library on the left.
Answer: __________________
B.
Go straight on. Go past the traffic lights. You will see a shop on the right. Go past that and it’s on
the right next to the shop.
Answer: __________________
C.
Go straight on. Go past the traffic lights and go straight on until you get to the roundabout. At the
roundabout turn left. Go past the theatre. It’s the building next to the theatre, opposite the
hospital.
Answer: __________________
D.
Go straight on. Go past the traffic lights and take the second right on to King’s Road. Go past the
bookshop. It’s the building next to the bookshop opposite the café.
Answer: __________________

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Text 6: My House
Read the text and ask the students to write a short composition describing their houses.
I live in a house near the sea. It’s an old house, about 100 years old, and it’s very small.
There are two bedrooms upstairs but no bathroom. The bathroom is downstairs next to the
kitchen and there’s a living room where there’s a lovely old fireplace. There’s a garden in front of
the house. The garden goes down to the beach and in spring and summer there are flowers
everywhere. I live alone with my dog, Boxer, but we have a lot of visitors. My city friends often
stay with me. I love my house for many reasons: the garden, the flowers in summer, the fire in
winter, but the best thing is the view from my bedroom window.
Taken from: scribd.com

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Unit 5: Let’s go shopping
Shopping experience
Shop assistant: Hello, how can I help you?

Customer: Hello, yes please. I’m looking for a T-shirt.
Shop assistant: What size do you need?
Customer: I use a large / medium / small size.
Shop assistant: OK. In your size, we just have these three models.
Customer: Oh, they are very beautiful!
Shop assistant: Oh, I forgot. That one over there is also of your size.
Customer: It is a nice one!
Shop assistant: Do you want to try them on?
Customer: Yes, please. Where are the fitting rooms?
Shop assistant: There is one at the end of the corridor.
Customer: Ok, thanks.
Some minutes later…
Shop assistant: Do they suit you?
Customer: Yes, but I just take this one. How much is it?
Shop assistant: It is 20 euros.
Customer: Ok, I take it.
Shop assistant: Would you like anything else?
Customer: No, thank you / Yes, I also need a ….
Shop assistant: Ok, come with me, please. Will you put it on your credit card?
Customer: No, I'll pay with cash.
Shop assistant: Thank you. Here’s your change.
Customer: Thank you. Good bye.
Shop assistant: Good bye.

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What are Demonstrative Pronouns?
Demonstrative pronouns are used to identify things and people. They are singular and
plural. There are four demonstrative pronouns: that, those, this, these.
Demonstrative Pronouns
Singular Plural
That Those
This These
Demonstrative Pronoun Close Far

That
Those
This
These
 I love that sweater (Refers to ONE object that is far)

 I love this sweater (Refers to ONE object that is close)
 Bring me those books please! (Refers to SEVERAL objects that are far)
 Take these books. (Refers to SEVERAL objects that are close)

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Practice 33
Change the following sentences from singular to plural or vice versa
1. Those keys are mine. _________________________________
2. That dog is black. _________________________________
3. That is my notebook. _________________________________
4. This office is near the bank. _________________________________
5. These glasses are broken. _________________________________
6. This orange is very nice. _________________________________
7. That student writes well. _________________________________
8. That house is near the beach. _________________________________
9. This book belongs to George. _________________________________
Practice 34
Correct the mistakes:
1. Those car is beautiful.

_________________________________________
2. That bags are expensive.

_________________________________________
3. Take this keys.

_________________________________________
4. Go to that shelf and bring these books.

_________________________________________
5. Give me those T-shirt.

_________________________________________
6. Drive me to this bus stop there.

_________________________________________

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Practice 35
Use This or These
1. ______________ houses
2. ______________ sandwich
3. ______________ desk
4. ______________ mouse
5. ______________ houses
6. ______________ pants
7. ______________ books
8. ______________ students
9. ______________windows
10. ______________ cheese
Use That or Those
1. ______________ pictures
2. ______________ men
3. ______________ tree
4. ______________ dice
5. ______________ eggs
6. ______________ plants
7. ______________ babies
8. ______________ room
9. ______________people
10. ______________ woman

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Practice 36
Fill in the gaps using that, those, this, these.
1. I like this sofa, but I prefer ______________ one over there.
2. A: (Picking up a Backpack) Is ______________ your backpack?
B: Yes, it is. Thanks.
3. A: (Pointing to the corner) Is ______________ your bag?
B: No, it is not.
4. ______________ building is old but the one on the corner is older.
5. Carlos sits back there. He sits in ______________ desk.
6. The yellow dress is awful. I like ______________ one here.
7. I love ______________ sweater you are wearing today.
8. If ______________ kid doesn’t stop crying, I’m going to another place.
9. Do you remember ______________ earrings I always wore… well… I lost them.
10. Look at ______________ people over there. What are they doing?
11. This seat is yours and ______________ seat is mine.
12. These are Bob's glasses, not mine. ______________ glasses are mine.
13. 3 This is a cupboard and ______________ is a sideboard.
14. These cigarettes are shorter than ______________.
15. Which road shall we take: this one or ______________ one?
16. That towel is dirty. Take ______________ one.
17. 7 These tickets are for you and ______________ are for us.
18. ______________ are our models and those are our competitors'.
19. Give me ______________ ball-pen and I'll give you this.
20. Which line is longer: ______________ one or that one?

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Unit 6: How often do you…?
What do you do during the weekend?
I always go out on Saturday. Sometimes I go to a restaurant, and

sometimes I watch a movie. I never go to concerts, but I often go to my
friend's house. I always have a good time!
What kind of person are you?
Well, I'm friendly and outgoing, and I'm usually very happy. I don't often
complain, and I never shout or get angry. How about you?
I'm friendly too, and I'm a little shy.
I'm always happy, but sometimes I'm very busy. I always try to have a
happy face.
Me too!
Definition:
Adverbs tell us the way in which a noun performs an action. Adverbs can modify verbs,
adjectives or other adverbs. Adverbs of frequency answer the questions: "How frequently?" or
"How often?” They tell us how often an action takes place.
Use of adverbs
 To modify verbs:
My favorite soccer team played badly last match.
 To modify adjectives:
I can tell you that it was an extremely bad soccer game.
 To modify adverbs:
My soccer team played extremely badly last night.
 To modify quantities:
There are quite a lot of people here to see the match.
 To modify sentences:
Unfortunately, the match was cancelled due to rain.

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Adverbs of frequency
Always, usually,
regularly, normally,
They go often, sometimes,
before the occasionally, rarely,
main verb. seldom, and never are
frequency adverbs.
After verb
“to be”
 My mom always gets up at 5:00 am.

 I usually do some stretching before a match.
 Peter sometimes makes his homework.
 María is never on time.
 I am seldom afraid.
 We are always ready.
Some Frequency Adverbs

Adverbs of Frequency
Always 100%
Usually 99% - 90%
Frequently 90% - 80%
Often 80% - 70%
Sometimes 70% - 60%
Seldom 25%
Almost never 25% - 5%
Never 0%
Everyday
Every + day
every Thursday
On + day + "s"
on Thursdays
Once a week
Twice a week
Three times a week

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Practice 37
Place the words in the correct order to make sentences.
1. late / is / Laura / sometimes
____________________________________________________
2. early / up / mom / always / Saturdays / on / gets / my
___________________________________________
3. usually / he / goes / to / on / Fridays / a / party
___________________________________________
4. you / dinner / out / often / a / do / how / have / ?
___________________________________________
5. she / the / beach / to / always / goes / in / the / summer
___________________________________________
6. sometimes / morning / her / does / she / Mondays / on / shopping
___________________________________________
7. in winter / he / goes swimming / never/
___________________________________________
8. on the phone/ my mum / to grandma/ always / talks
___________________________________________
9. apples/sometimes /my friend/ eats/
___________________________________________
10. eat / meat or fish/ never / giraffes
___________________________________________
11. home / by bus/ often/ go/ they/
___________________________________________

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12. / once / week / I / theatre / to / the / go / a
___________________________________________
13. never / in / is / the / at / mornings / Peter / home
___________________________________________
14. he / work / rides / motorbike / to / his / often
___________________________________________
15. home / they / get / six o’clock / usually / at
__________________________________________
Practice 38
Put the frequency adverbs and expressions in the right place.
1. Mary is late for school. (always)
__________________________________________________
2. My brother doesn’t write SMS to his friends. (usually)
__________________________________________________
3. We go to the countryside. (twice a year)
__________________________________________________
4. Pablo wears a hat. (sometimes)
__________________________________________________
5. I eat pizza. (once a week)
__________________________________________________
6. Do the children watch TV? (often)
__________________________________________________
7. Mario is very lazy. (always)
__________________________________________________

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8. Peter tidies his room. (never)
__________________________________________________
9. My brother and I go biking. (every week)
__________________________________________________
10. I drink coffee. (every morning)
__________________________________________________
Practice 39
Answer the following questions using frequency expressions.
1. How often do you cook pasta?
___________________________________________
2. How often do you talk to your friends?
___________________________________________
3. How often do you brush your teeth?
___________________________________________
4. How often do you do exercise?
___________________________________________
5. How often do you sit in front of a computer?
___________________________________________
6. How often do you go out the country?
___________________________________________

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Practice 40
Choose the sentence that is correct.
1.
a) Jim never is at work.
b) Jim is at work never.
c) Never is Jim at work.
d) Jim is never at work.
2.
a) We have usually lunch at 12 o’clock.
b) We usually have lunch at 12 o’clock.
c) We have lunch at usually 12 o’clock.
d) We have lunch at 12 usually o’clock.
3.
a) She travels always by train.
b) Always she travels by train.
c) She always travels by train.
d) She travels by always train.
4.
a) They go out sometimes in the evening.
b) They sometimes go out in the evening.
c) They go out in sometimes the evening.
d) They go sometimes out in the evening.

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Unit 7: Let’s meet at 2 pm.
Explanation
There are two common ways of telling the time.
1. Say the hours first and then the minutes.

 7:45 - seven forty-five
For minutes 01 through 09, you can pronounce the '0' as oh.
Example: 11:06 - eleven (oh) six
2. Say the minutes first and then the hours. Use past and the preceding hour for minutes 01
through 30. Use to and the forthcoming hour for minutes 31 through 59.
 7.15 - fifteen minutes past seven
 7.45 - fifteen minutes to eight
Picture taken from: http://www.ego4u.com
O'clock
We use “o'clock” when there are NO minutes in the hour.
 10:00 - ten o'clock

 5:00 - five o'clock
 1:00 - one o'clock

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12:00
For 12:00 there are four expressions in English.
 twelve o'clock
 midday = noon
 midnight
Asking for the Time

 What time is it?
 What is the time?
 What time...?
 When...?
o What time does the flight to New York leave?
o When does the bus arrive from London?
o When does the concert begin?
Giving the Time

When you tell the hour, you need to use “It” or “It’s”.
 It is half past three (3:30).

 It's fifteen to twelve (11:45)
We use the structure AT + time when giving the time of a specific event.
 The train always arrives at noon (12:00).

 My flight leaves at a quarter to five (4:45).
 The event begins at nine o'clock. (9:00)
Practice 41
Don't forget to write a.m. or p.m. Start the sentence with "It's". Don't write the word "minutes"
(e.g.: 20:50 - It's ten to nine p.m.)
1. 20:15 _______________________________________.
2. 07:30 _______________________________________.
3. 14:50 _______________________________________.
4. 18:23 _______________________________________.
5. 06:17 _______________________________________.

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6. 20:45 _______________________________________.
7. 11:00 _______________________________________.
8. 14:55 _______________________________________.
9. 21:46 _______________________________________.
10. 22:30 _______________________________________.
11. 12:15 _______________________________________.
12. 05:42 _______________________________________.
13. 16:23 _______________________________________.
14. 10:45 _______________________________________.
15. 17:08 _______________________________________.
Practice 42
Provide the time for each clock. Use complete sentences. Don’t use number to give the hour.

84
85
Unit 8: This is my family

86
Members of the Family
The family
Aunt Mummy
Boyfriend Nephew
Brother Niece
Brother-In-Law Parents
Cousin Sibling
Dad Sister
Daddy Sister-In-Law
Daughter Son
Daughter-In-Law Son-In-Law
Father Stepdaughter
Father-In-Law Stepmother
Girlfriend Stepfather
Godfather Stepson
Godmother Uncle
Granddad Wife
Grandchildren Firstborn
Granddaughter Oldest
Grandfather Youngest
Grandma The baby of the family
Grandmother Twins
Grandpa Adopted
Grandparents Orphan
Grandson Relative
Great-Grandfather Acquaintance
Great-Grandmother Generation
Husband Ancestors
Mother Descendants
Mother-In-Law Widow (Woman)
Mom (Mum) Widower (Man)

87
What is a Pronoun?
A pronoun is a word that can replace a noun or another pronoun. They can be classified
into: personal pronoun, the demonstrative pronoun, the interrogative pronoun, the indefinite
pronoun, the relative pronoun, the reflexive pronoun, and the intensive pronoun.
Personal / Subject Pronouns

A personal or subject pronoun refers to a specific person or thing and changes its form to
indicate person, number, gender, and case.
Example:
Maria is running. She is a fast runner.
The students are making noise. They are noisy.
Rules
 Subject pronouns are used to replace the subject of the sentence. You can place subject
pronouns in the blank subject space of a simple sentence to verify the correct type of
pronoun. (Straus, n.d.)
Example ______ did the job. (Who did the job?)
(I, you, he, she, it, we, and they) fit into the blank and are subject pronouns.
Object Personal Pronouns

An objective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as an object of a verb,
compound verb, preposition, or infinitive phrase.
Example:
Give me your phone number please.
Ask them to do the homework.
Give the list to her.

88
Rules
 Object pronouns are used everywhere else. They can work as direct object, indirect
object, object of the preposition.
 To decide whether to use Subject or Object pronouns after the words than or as, mentally
complete the sentence.
Examples Tom is as smart as she/her.

If we mentally complete the sentence, we would say, "Tom is as smart as she is." Therefore, she
is the correct answer. If we use the verb we will have to use the subject and if is not, we use the
object pronoun
He is taller than I/me.

Mentally completing the sentence, we have, "He is taller than I am." (Straus, n.d.)
Possessive Personal Pronouns

A possessive pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as a marker of possession and
defines who owns an object or person.
Example:
This book is hers.
Whose book is it? It’s mine.
These are your cats. These are yours.
Rules
 Possessive Pronouns show ownership and never need apostrophes. Possessive Pronouns:
mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
NOTE: The only time it’s has an apostrophe is when it is a contraction for it is.
Examples It’s a cold morning.
The thermometer reached its highest reading. (Straus, n.d.)

89
Personal Pronouns Possessive Pronoun Possessive Object
Adjective Pronoun
I Mine My Me
You Yours Your You
He His His Him
She Hers Her Her
It Its Its It
We Ours Our Us
You Yours Your You
They Theirs Their Them
Practice 43
Fill in the blanks with the right subject pronoun.
1. Lee is Chinese. _______ isn’t French.

2. Sarah is Chinese, too. _______ isn’t German.
3. Lee and Sarah aren’t French. _______ are Chinese.
4. These people are students at a University. _______ aren’t high school students.
5. _______ am a student.
6. _______ are great people.
7. My sister is very pretty. _______ is very popular.
8. Her cousins are musicians. _______ play any instrument.
9. His uncle is at the movies. _______ loves horror movies.
10. My sister and I are best friends. _______ do everything together.
Practice 44
Use the right subject pronoun to complete the following sentences.
• ____ are Ale and Jim.
• Hello, ____ am John.
• ____ is a beautiful cat.
• ____ are my best friends.

90
• Daniela is my cousin. ____ likes dogs.
• Marco is my brother. ____ lives in a huge apartment.
• Please, can ____ open the window?
• ____ has two Guinness records.
• I have a bike. ____ is red.
• Look at those doves, ____ are taking a bath.
• ____ can’t open the box, can you help me?
• ____ play tennis and we read books.
• My father hasn’t got a car, but ____ has got a bike.
• Is ____ your mom?
Practice 45
Replace the personal pronouns by possessive adjectives.
1. Where are ______________ (you) friends now?
2. Here is a postcard from ______________ (I) friend Peggy.
3. She lives in Australia now with ______________ (she) family.
4. ______________ (She) husband works in Newcastle.
5. ______________ (He) company builds ships.
6. ______________ (They) children go to school in Newcastle.
7. ______________ (I) husband and I want to go to Australia, too.
8. We want to see Peggy and ______________ (she) family next winter.
9. ______________ (We) loved winter!
Practice 46
Complete the sentences with the correct possessive adjective. Pay attention to the context.
1. I’m Marcus and this is ________ garden.

91
2. My mother’s Susan and this is ________ hat.
3. They are Robert and Adam and this is ________ bedroom.
4. This is Marco in ________ living room.
5. We are Betty and Barbara and this is ________ favorite book. ________ title is
Twilight.
6. This is Rachel and this is ________ sister.
7. These are my teachers. ________ names are Paul and Rita.
8. This is my brother. ________ name is Peter. ________ is a student in Hungary.
9. We are friends. ________ hobbies are gardening and walking.
10. I’m Sophie and this is ________ dog, Aladdin.
Practice 47
Complete the sentences with the correct object pronoun. Consider the underlined word or
the words in parenthesis.
1. "Your son is making a lot of noise!" "I'll ask ______________________to be quiet."
2. ""Where are my glasses?" "You are wearing ______________________!"
3. "Do you like apples?" "I love ______________________!"
4. "Why is he always talking about Liza?" "He obviously likes _________________!"
5. "Where is my book? Oh, dear! I've lost ______________________!"
6. Please give ____________ the book. (Peter)
7. I bought ____________ last week. (the car)
8. Angela visited ____________ two months ago. (Mary)
9. Alexander asked ____________to give the book to him. (I)
10. I picked ____________up at seven o'clock. (Peter and Jane)

92
Practice 48
Replace the words in brackets by the correct personal pronouns. Note that Natty is the person
speaking. The (*) means that you are asked a question.
1. My name is Natty. (Natty) ________________ am English. And I will introduce you to

my family.
2. My mom's name is Vanessa. (Vanessa) ________________ is from Mexico.
3. Robert is my dad. (My dad) ________________ is a waiter in a big restaurant.
4. On the left you can see Julio. (Julio) ________________ is my brother.
5. (Natty and Julio) ________________ are identical twins.
6. Our dog is a girl, Judy. (Judy) ________________ is two years old and is a pit-bull.
7. (Natty, Julio, Vanessa, and Robert) ________________ live in Miami.
8. (Miami) ________________ is not far from Washington.
9. My grandparents live in Washington. (My grandparents) ________________ often come

and see us.
10. What can (*) ________________ tell me about your family?
Practice 49
Replace the subject of each sentence with the correct subject pronoun.
1. The thief stole an expensive T.V.
___________________________________________________________________________
2. The rich lady walks into the room.
___________________________________________________________________________

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3. Tall palm trees grow abundantly.
4. The lid of the box is open.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. The woman writes a letter.
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Policemen watch the bank diligently.
___________________________________________________________________________
7. A mouse ran through the house.
___________________________________________________________________________
8. The chimney is very dirty.
___________________________________________________________________________
Practice 50
Circle the correct option for each sentence.
1. I’ve got a sister. She / Her name is Hazel.
2. She / Her is fifteen and she / her likes music.
3. I like music too. My / I’m favorite band is Coldplay.
4. I’ve also got two brothers. They’re/ They/ Their names are Billy and Tom.
5. Billy likes football. He / His / Him favorite team is Manchester United.
6. Tom doesn’t like sport. He / His / Him prefers computer games.

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7. We’ve got a dog. It is big and its / it’s name is Jane.
Practice 51
Use personal pronouns, possessive adjectives or pronouns to complete the sentences.
1. ________ am a teacher.
2. The students need to bring ________ books to class.
3. Is this my book or ________?
4. Michelle and I like pizza, but ________ don't like hamburgers.
5. I call my mom once a week. I tell her about my week and ________ tells me about hers.
6. My sister and I don't share clothes. She wears her clothes and I wear ________.
7. The house is very big. ________ has five bedrooms.
8. My friend's car is fast but ________ car is more economical.
9. Valerie can't find ________ book.
10. I like to play on ________ computer.
11. Are ________ going to the party on Friday?
12. ________ is a very interesting man.
13. ________ live in Toronto.
14. Don't forget to bring ________ towel to the beach.
15. This book is mine, but that book is ________.
16. That house is ________.
17. The other house is ________.

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Practice 52
Each of these sentences contains one pronoun error. Underline the incorrect word and write the
correct pronoun.
1. She bought two bags of sweets and gave it to the children.
2. The cause of pollution is man himself and their inventions.
3. A student must study hard to maintain their marks throughout the year.
4. My friends and I went for a holiday in Hawaii and really enjoyed themselves.
5. I could see three cows sitting in a nearby field having its afternoon rest.
6. Rose was an excellent student but she always suffered terrible nerves before doing his
exams.
7. The man who lives across the road from us is very proud of their to daughters.
8. The results of my oral exam are out today. I hope they don't put it up on the notice board.
9. I've tried so hard to get along with the girls but I just don't see eye to eye with her.
10. Ambition is one of the most dangerous things in life. They can even force a man to
become evil.

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Practice 53
Who am I?
Read the sentences below and try to guess who is the person describing the family. Pay attention
to the clues within the sentences.
 My father is 64 years old. His name is Tom.
 My _____________is 62. Her name is _____________.
 I have got a _____________, she is 37.
 My _____________is 40. He is married with two _____________.
 I have got _____________, too.
 My _____________is called _____________. She is 17 years old.
 My _____________is called Joe. He is married.
 His _____________is called _____________, just like my _____________.
 Do you know who I am? My name is _____________.
Taken from: http://www.bunam.unam.mx/tutorial/examenes/ef_u2p01.html

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Practice 54
Read the text and complete the family tree with the name of the right family members.
Hi, my name is Eric. I am 10 years old. I want to talk to you about my family. I have two
sisters. Their names are Rachel and Carrie. Rachel is 18 and Carrie is 15 years old. My sisters
are very nice because they play with me all the time. My mother's name is Julia. She is 40 years
old. My mother is from Canada but she lives with me in Hawaii. My father's name is Richard. He
is smart and he is an engineer in a big company. He is 45 years old. My grandparents live with
us.
My grandfather’s name is Tom. He is 70 years old. My grandmother’s name is Sam. She is 65
years old. She has blue eyes. Rachel looks like my grandmother. We live in a big house. Besides
my mother, my grandparents also have another daughter, my aunt Jessica. She is married to
David and they have two children; Dylan and Mary. They are my favorite cousins. I also have
two dogs. Their
names are Paw and
Snoopy. Paw is a big
dog. He is a brown
dog. He is a big
brown dog. Snoopy is
smaller than Paw but
also faster. Because,
Paw is old. I like
playing with my dogs
in the garden. It is the
most beautiful thing I
do in my spare time.
Taken from: enriquetrujilloflorez.blogspot.com/

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Practice 55
Taken from: iSLCollective.com

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Text 7: Mary's family
Mary is ten years old. She is from Dorset. Her hair is long and brown. She has got brown
eyes. She has got a cat and a dog. Their names are Pat and Fluffy. Pat, the dog has got a small
house in the garden. Mary's cat, Fluffy is 3 years old.
Mary's mother is Jane. She is a teacher. She's thirty-six years old. Her husband is Nick.
He is thirty-eight. He's a bus driver. He has got brown hair and blue eyes. Jane's hair is blonde
and her eyes are brown. They have got three children Mary, Sean and Peter. Sean is six and Peter
is twelve years old. The children are pupils. Sean's hair is blonde; Peter's hair is brown. The boys
have got blue eyes. Jane hasn't got a pet. She has a friend. Her name is Laura.
Nick has got a horse. Its name is Lightning. Nick's friends are bus drivers. They are Tom,
Charles and John. Peter's pet is a hamster. Its name is Tiny. She is so small. Sean has got a
goldfish. Its name's Goldie.
Taken from: englishexercises.org
Complete the chart with the information. Write “no” if there is no information.
Name Mary
Age 36
Hair Blonde
Eyes
Job Bus Driver
Friends
Pets Hamster
Pets’
Name

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Unit 9: Look! What are they doing?
Read the following interview using the present continuous tense
On the telephone
Tracy: Hello, can I speak to Alex.
Alex: This is Alex, who is speaking?
Tracy: Hi, this is Tracy.
Alex: Hi Tracy. What are you doing?
Tracy: Oh, I'm just watching TV. What are you doing?
Alex: Well, I'm cooking dinner.
Tracy: What are you cooking?
Alex: I'm baking some potatoes, boiling some carrots and grilling a steak.
Tracy: It sounds delicious.
Alex: What are you doing for dinner tonight?
Tracy: Well, I don't have any plans...
Alex: Would you like to come over for dinner?
Tracy: Oh, I'd love to. Thanks.
Alex: Great. Mary and Jack are also coming. They are arriving at seven.
Tracy: OK, I'll be there at seven, too.
Alex: OK, see you then. Bye.
Tracy: Bye.

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Taken from: http://esl.about.com/
Definition
The present continuous focuses on the duration of an action.
The present continuous tense is used for actions that take place in the moment of speaking
or for actions with a short period of time. It is also used to express development and actions that
are arranged for the near future.
Past Present Future
Grammar Form
Positive Negative Question
I I am watching T.V. I am not watching T.V. Am I watching T.V?
He / She / It She is reading a book. She is not reading a book. Is she reading a
book?
You / We / They We are cooking. We are not cooking. Are we cooking?
Word related to
present continuous: at the
moment / now / just now /
right now / Listen! / Look!

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1. The Now period of time
It expresses the idea that an action is taking place right in the moment the speaker is
talking. It can also be used in the negative way to express that something is not happening now.
Examples:
 You are not swimming right now because you are out the pool.
 Are you sleeping?
 I am reading a book.
 Is he sitting or standing?
 What are you watching on the T.V?
 Why aren't you doing your homework?
2. Long Actions in Progress Now
In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on.
Sometimes, the Present Continuous can be implemented to say that we are performing a long
action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.
Examples:
 I am studying to become a doctor.

 He is reading the book The Hunger Games.
 I am not reading any books right now.
 Are you working on any special projects at work?
3. Near Future
Present Continuous can also be used to indicate that an action will or will not happen soon.
Examples:
 I am meeting a friend at noon.

 I am not going to the party tonight.
 Is he visiting his girlfriend at work?
Adverb Placement
In Present Continuous adverbs are placed between the conjugation of verb “To be” and
the verb in –ing form.

103
Examples:
 You are still watching TV.

 Are you still watching TV?

104
Practice 56
Complete the chat with the missing information.
Positive Sentences Negative Sentences Questions
I I am studying for the exam.
You You are making so much noise.
He / She He is not paying attention.
It (The dog) It is drinking water It is not drinking water.
Carlos and
Carlos and María are fighting.
María
You Are you sleeping in class?
We Are we baking a cake?
They They are not cleaning the car.

Practice 57
Look at the picture and write sentences using present continuous.
1. ________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________
Practice 58
Complete the sentences using Present Continuous.
1 Michael / clean / the room /
________________________________________________________________________
2 He / cook / a turkey / for thanksgiving
________________________________________________________________________
3 Mike / smile at / me
________________________________________________________________________

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4 The monkey / eat / a banana
________________________________________________________________________
5 Miguel / dance / disco music
________________________________________________________________________
6 He / sleep
________________________________________________________________________
7 He / laugh at / you
________________________________________________________________________
8 He / wait for / his friends
________________________________________________________________________
9 He / listen to / music
________________________________________________________________________
10 He /drink/ water with sugar
________________________________________________________________________
Practice 59
Make questions in the Present Continuous asking for the underlined information.
Ashley is going to a restaurant. ________________________________________
Gary is reading his favorite book. ________________________________________
Stacey is playing in the garden. ________________________________________
She is wearing a nice necklace. ________________________________________
Britney is doing her homework. ________________________________________
Mandy is leaving at nine. ________________________________________

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Joe is fixing his old car. ________________________________________
Amanda is going out with Dan. ________________________________________
They are meeting at two o'clock. ________________________________________
Practice 60
Use the words below to make sentences in the Present Continuous.
1. I / to read a book ___________________________________________________
2. it / to rain ___________________________________________________
3. he / to repair his bike ___________________________________________________
4. they / to watch a film ___________________________________________________
5. the cat /to sleep on the chair _________________________________________________
6. Jane and Emily / to do their homework _______________________________________
7. Bill / to wait at the bus stop ________________________________________________
8. we / to listen to the radio ___________________________________________________
9. the children / to play a game ________________________________________________
10. Laura / to walk the dog ___________________________________________________

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Unit 10: One or two?
Articles
Articles
Definite Indefinite
a (before
the consonant
sound)
an (before vowel
sound)
The
The definite article “the” is the same for all genders in singular and in plural.
 It can be used with a first mention of an item which is familiar to both the speaker and the
listener.
 Use “the” in sentences where we identify a specific person or object.
 Do not use “the” for generalizations.
 Use “the” to refer to things that are unique (The sun, the moon, the world).

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A or An
 Use A before nouns with consonant sound

 Use An before nouns with vowel sound
 Examples: a cat, a parrot, an animal, an apple
o Use an before words that begins with vowel sound.
o Examples: An hour, an owl.
When to use “an” or “a” with a word that begins with “u” the use of the articles will
change depending on how the word is pronounced and not on how it is written. Look at the
examples:
University
/ju/
The letter “u” is a vowel but in the word 'university' it sounds as the vowel sound /j/. We
therefore say ‘a university.’
Umbrella
/˄/
The “u” in umbrella is pronounced as the vowel sound /Λ/ (phonetic alphabet). We
therefore say ‘an umbrella.’
This rule also applies to the use of consonants. Example:
 The word hour has a soft ‘h’ which is weakly pronounced and therefore we say ‘an hour.’
 If the word has a hard ‘h’ like house, we use ‘a’ (a house).

110
Practice 61
Decide if “an” or “a” is needed in these sentences. Remember to focus on how the key
words are pronounced:
1 - There's ___ mouse in the garden.
 a
 an
2 - We saw ___ ostrich in the zoo.
 a
 an
3 - Meet me in __ hour.
 an
 a
4 - The clown was riding ___ one-wheel bike.
 an
 a
5 - Is that a picture of ___ unicorn?
 an
 a
6 - She said I had __ ugly dog.
 a
 an
7 - Her parents bought her __ horse for her birthday.
 a
 an
8 - It was ___ honest mistake.
 a
 an
9 - We all had __ unbelievable day.
 a
 an

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Practice 62
Fill in the gaps using An/A.
_____ cat _____ ostrich _____ watch
______ cake ______ airplane _____ egg
___ elephant ____ snowman _____ snake
Practice 63
Write the indefinite article a / an before each noun.
1. door 7._____elephant
2. ______ apple 8._______ruler
3.______island 9. ______orange
4. _______board 10.______stapler
5. ______ pencil 11._____umbrella
6. ______marker 12._____friend

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Practice 64
Write the article a / an.
______banana
_______office
_______notebooks
______English teacher
______computers
_______ teachers
_______ schools
______actor
______table
_______class
______eraser
_____buses

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Practice 65
Complete the text below using either a, an, or the.
Today is ________ very important day; it's my birthday! I have sent ________
invitations, ________ birthday cake is on ________ table and I am getting ready. I choose
________ dress to wear and then put on my shoes. It's ________ beautiful day, ________
sun is shining and there's not ________ cloud in ________ sky. I can't wait for everyone to
arrive. In less than ________ hour, the party will begin. I look out ________ window and
see ________ girl, but she's not one of my friends. Where is everyone? I hope they are all
coming. ________ doorbell rings, I open ________ door but see only ________ present
wrapped in pink paper with ________ orange bow.
Taken from: englishexercises.org
Practice 66
Fill in the blank with the appropriate article, a, an, or the, or leave the space blank if no
article is needed.
1. I ate ____ apple from that basket.
2. ____ church on the corner is progressive.
3. Miss Lin speaks ____ Japanese.
4. I borrowed ____ pen from your case.
5. One student said aloud, "____ professor is late today."
6. Eli likes to play ____ football soccer.
7. I bought ____ umbrella to go out in the rain.

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8. My daughter takes classes to play ____ cello at her school.
9. Please give me ____ cake that is on the counter.
10. I live on ____ Main Street.
11. Albany is the capital of ____ New York State.
12. My husband's family speaks ____ Italian.
13. ____ apple a day keeps the doctor away.
14. ____ ink in my pen is red.
15. Our neighbors have ____ cat and ____ dog.
Practice 67
Fill in the blank with a / an / the / ᶱ

According to _______ National Weather Service, _______ cyclones are _______
areas of circulating winds that rotate counterclockwise in _______ Northern Hemisphere
and clockwise in _______ Southern Hemisphere. They are generally accompanied by
_______ precipitation and by _______ stormy weather. _______ tornadoes and _______
hurricanes are _______ types of cyclones, as are typhoons, which are _______ storms that
occur in _______ western Pacific Ocean. _______ hurricane is _______ cyclone that forms
over _______ tropical oceans and seas and has _______ winds of at least seventy-four miles
_______ hour. _______ hurricane rotates in shape of _______ oval or _______ circle.
_______ hurricanes can cause great environmental damage. _______ Hurricane Andrew,
which hit _______ coasts of Louisiana and southern Florida in August 1992, caused
_______ extreme devastation. In terms of _______ environmental damage, Hurricane

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Andrew is one of _______ most devastating hurricanes ever to hit _______ United States.
Fourteen people died because of _______ Andrew's effects.
Taken from: grammarbank.com
Remember…
In English you must write the adjective before
a noun.
Sometimes, sentences need more that an adjective. The most adequate order that we
need to follow when writing sentences with 2 or more adjectives is:
1 2 3 4
Number Opinion Size Age
5 6 7 8
Shape Color Origin Material
Purpose

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When there are three or more adjectives from the same adjective group, place a comma
between each of the coordinate adjectives:
1. We live in the big green, white and red house at the end of the street.
2. My friend lost a red, black and white watch.
Practice 68
Place the adjectives before the noun in the most natural order.
 Examples: a box (round, small) - a small round box; a beach (long, sandy) - a long
sandy beach
1. clouds (big, grey) __________________________________________________
2. a writer (German, well-known)
__________________________________________________
3. a table (glass, large, rectangular)
_________________________________________________
4. a mug (coffee, dirty) __________________________________________________
5. weather (horrible, wet) __________________________________________________
6. a tie (blue, silk) __________________________________________________
7. a suitcase (brown, huge, leather)
_______________________________________________
8. a chalet (cozy, Swiss) __________________________________________________

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Practice 69
Put the following adjectives in the right order.
1. Our school is in a _______________________________ (big, old, rectangular)
building.
2. We have ____________________________ (English, interesting, two) classes this
week.
3. We have ______________________________ (a few, tasteless, tiny) hot dogs for
dinner.
4. We drink some ____________________________ (American, orange, sweet)
lemonade.
5. We meet a group of ________________________________ (five, smart, young)
authors.
6. Today, we have a ______________________________ (difficult, extensive, math)
exam.
7. We are selling our _____________________________________ (broken, tiny, ugly)
car.
8. We can see _________________________________ (ancient, circular, several)
coins.
9. They sell ____________________________________ (colorful, round, southern)
cacti.
10. We are looking for ___________________________________ (fresh, red, some)
apples.

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11. This restaurant had _____________________________ (Atlantic, delicious, some)
crabs.
12. Aunt Lucy bought an ___________________________ (antique, rocking, wooden)
chair.
13. Jason wrote a _______________________________________ (horror, long, new)
novel.
14. Angel joined an _________________________________ (ambitious, rich, soccer)
team.
15. Kim directed an __________________________ (acclaimed, modern, international)
film.
16. Alex watched the ____________________________________ (blue, northern, pale)
sky.
17. Tony survived a ___________________________________ (big, electric, violent)
storm.
18. Mary fell in love with a _______________________ (good-looking, tall, strapping)
man.
19. Sean owns an _________________________________(imported, orange, precious)
carp.
20. Mel got a ______________________________________ (canopy, massive, square)
bed.

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Practice 70
Complete the chart with adjectives to create logical sentences. Some spaces can be left in
blank.
Opinion Size Age Shape Color Origin Material Purpose Noun
Ugly Round
Costa Student
Rican
Tall Red
Practice 71
Write the opposite for the following adjectives.
1. long _______________________
2. old _______________________
3. beautiful _______________________
4. interesting _______________________
5. cheap _______________________
6. fast _______________________
7. tall _______________________
8. loud _______________________
9. clean _____________________
10. funny _____________________
11. stupid _____________________

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12. big _________________________
13. thin _________________________
14. light _________________________
15. heavy ________________________

121
Unit 11: I had fun during my last
vacations
1.
A: Were you in school yesterday?
B: Yes, I was.
A: I missed the class. I was sick.
B: It was a very interesting class. I learnt a lot.
A: Was Silvia in class?
B: Yes, she was.
2.
A: We were out of town last week.
B: Really! Where were you? At your mom’s place?
A: We weren’t at the beach.
B: Were you in Reno?
A: Yes, we were.
B: Was it hot there?
A: It wasn’t too hot.
The simple past tense expresses an action that finished in the past and took place
once, never, several times. It can also be used to describe actions that took place one after
another. There are two kinds of simple past: Simple Past of Verb” to be” and Simple Past of
Regular and Irregular verbs.

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Simple Past of Verb “to be”
This tense follows the same structure for the creating sentences.
Simple Past
of Verb To Be
We / You /
I He / She / It
They
Was Was Were
Was not Was not Were not

(Wasn't) (Wasn't) (Weren't)
Form:
Noun + Was/were (not) + Complement
 I was happy.
 Carlos and Mary were sick.
 Michael was tired.
 I wasn’t ready for the test.
 They weren’t hungry.
 John wasn’t sad.

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 He was my friend when I was twelve years old
Practice 72
Complete the sentences with the correct form of verb “to be” in the simple past tense.
1. Julie _________________ sleepy yesterday.
2. Ale and Mary _________________ in the same school.
3. My dad _________________ tired after working all day long.
4. The weather _________________ cloudy yesterday.
5. Last quarter my professor _________________ mad.
6. Last year, nobody _________________ hungry after the Christmas dinner.
7. The wind _________________ strong last week.
8. I _________________ very nervous my first day of classes.
9. The boys _________________ after the match.
10. She _________________ happy to get your letters.
11. I _________________ in Canada last summer holiday.
12. My sister _________________ with me.
13. We _________________ in Montreal.
14. She _________________ very happy.
15. I _________________ happy, too.
16. I ___________________ in Italy last month.

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Simple Past of Regular and Irregular Verbs
Form
Noun + Verb* + -ed + Complement

The only way to identify if a
I loved to watch T.V. verb is regular o irregular is by
learning a list of verbs.
She ate an apple.
They grew together.
Luis and Steven played soccer.
Use of Simple Past

 An action in the past that takes place once, never or several times.
Example: He went to school every day.
 Actions in the past that take place one after the other.
Example: He took a book, sat down, and started to read it.
 An action in the past that takes place in the middle of another action.
Example: When I was taking a shower, the bell rang.
Regular Verbs
 I waited.  I did not wait.  Did I wait?

 You waited.  You did not wait.  Did you wait?
 He waited.  He did not wait.  Did he wait?

125
Irregular Verbs
 I had.  I did not have.  Did I have?

 We had.  We did not have.  Did we have?
 She had.  She did not have.  Did she have?
 It had.  It did not have.  Did it have?
Spelling Key
 If a regular verb ends in vowel + consonant you need to add double consonant before
–ed.
 Hop: hopped
 Stop: stopped
 If a regular verb ends in consonant + y you need to add double consonant.
 Worry: worried
 Cry: cried
 Marry: married
Pronunciation Key
As well as in simple present, in past we need to pay attention to the final
pronunciation of the verbs.
1. /t/
Verbs that end in -ed before a voiceless consonant [p, k, f, sh, ch, s]
 Walked /wɔkt/
2. /d/

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Verbs ending in -ed before a voiced consonant [b, g, v, g, z, l, m, n] or a vowel
 Smelled /smɛld/
3. /ɪd/
Verbs ending in -ed before [t] or [d]
 Visited /vɪzɪtɪd/
Practice 73
Complete the chart.
Base form Simple Past Base form Simple Past

arrive like
was / were lived
catch meet
climb rang
came sell
cut wore
discover write
did
fall
forgot
go
killed

127
Practice 74
Complete the following text using the simple past tense of the verbs in parenthesis.
Goldilocks and the Three Bears
Once upon a time there __________________ (be) three bears: huge Papa Bear,
ordinary Mama Bear and tiny little Baby Bear. They __________________ (live) in a great
big wood.
One day, ordinary Mama Bear __________________ (cook) a delicious porridge for
her family and __________________ (put) it into bowls: a huge bowl for huge Papa Bear,
an ordinary bowl for ordinary Mama Bear and a tiny little bowl for tiny little Baby Bear. To
give the porridge some time to cool down, the three bears __________________ (go) for a
walk.
Near the great big wood, there __________________ (live) a little girl called
Goldilocks. She __________________ (be) not allowed to go into the wood. But one day,
she __________________ (sneak) out of the house and __________________ (run) into the
great big wood.
After a while, she __________________ (come) to the house of the three bears. She
__________________ (knock) at the door. She __________________ (look) through the
windows. But nobody __________________ (seem) to be there. So, little Goldilocks
__________________ (step) inside.
In the kitchen Goldilocks __________________ (smell) the porridge. She

__________________ (get) very hungry and __________________ (try) the porridge in the
huge bowl - too hot. Then she __________________ (taste) some of the porridge from the
ordinary bowl - too cold. But the porridge in the little bowl __________________ (be) just
right and Goldilocks __________________ (eat) it all up.
In the sitting-room, there __________________ (be) three chairs. Goldilocks

__________________ (sit) down in the huge chair - too hard. She __________________
(not / like) the ordinary chair either - too soft. She __________________ (love) the little
chair, however. But she __________________ (not / sit) on that one very long, as soon it

128
__________________ (break) into pieces. So, Goldilocks __________________ (go) on
exploring.
In the bedroom, there __________________ (stand) the three bears' beds. Goldilocks
suddenly __________________ (feel) very tired. She __________________ (climb) onto
the huge bed - too hard. Then she __________________ (crawl) into the ordinary bed - too
soft. The little bed, however, __________________ (be) just right. So, Goldilocks
__________________ (lie) down. And in next to no time, she __________________ (fall)
asleep.
After a while, the three bears __________________ (return) home. One look at their
bowls and chairs and they __________________ (start) wondering. Something
__________________ (not / be) right. They __________________ (come) into the
bedroom. And there they __________________ (see) little Goldilocks in Baby Bear's bed.
The three bears __________________ (watch) her for a while and then they
__________________ (wake) her up. Goldilocks __________________ (open) her eyes.
She __________________ (see) the bears, __________________ (begin) to scream and as
fast as she __________________ (can), Goldilocks __________________ (run) out of the
bears' house. The three bears __________________ (follow) her. But at the edge of the
wood, the bears suddenly __________________ (stop). Frightened little Goldilocks,
however, __________________ (not / stop). She __________________ (hurry) home to her
parents. And she never __________________ (visit) the bears' house again.
Taken from: ego4u.com
Practice 75
Complete the sentences using simple past
1. Last year I __________________ (go) to England on holiday.
2. It __________________ (be) fantastic.
3. I __________________ (visit) lots of interesting places. I __________________
(go) with two friends of mine.
4. In the mornings, we __________________ (walk) in the streets of London.

129
5. In the evenings, we __________________ (go) to pubs.
6. The weather __________________ (be) strangely fine.
7. It __________________ (not / rain) a lot.
8. But we __________________ (see) some beautiful rainbows.
9. Where __________________ (spend / you) your last holiday?
Transform the sentences into the simple past.
1. We move to a new house. →
2. They bring a sandwich. →
3. He doesn't do the homework. →
4. They sell cars. →
5. Does he visit his friends? →
Write sentences in simple past.
1. Janet / miss / the bus →
2. she / tidy / her room →
3. Nancy / watch / not / television→
4. she / read / a book →
Practice 76
Complete the text using the simple past tense of the verbs in parenthesis.
Dear Sam,
Thanks for your letter. It is great to hear from you now that the weather is rainy and I
can’t go out that much. Hope your life is a lot more exciting than mine.
You ______________ (ask) me to write about my life. Well, there is nothing special
going on. Last Saturday, for example, my family and I (visit) ______________ my

130
grandparents. My mother (help) ______________ my grandmother with the housework. My
father (clean) ______________ the windows outside. My sister and I (watch)
______________ cartoons on television and later we (play) ______________ outside in the
garden. We (climb) ______________ the old oak-tree in the garden to our tree-house. We
(stay) ______________ there all afternoon. Then our mother (call) ______________ us
because it (be) ______________ time to go home. Our grandparents (kiss) ______________
us goodbye and we (return) ______________ home. We (arrive) ______________ home at
9 o’clock. Father (look) ______________ for the key, (open) ______________ the front
door, and we all (walk) ______________ inside.
That’s it about the way I spent last weekend. How about you? What did you do last
Saturday? Write back and tell me how you’re doing.
Love,
Julie
Taken from: englishlab.net
Practice 77
Make the simple past, positive, negative or question:
1. I _________________ (work) in a bank for ten years.
2. Where _________________ (you / live) when you were young?
3. She _________________ (not / study) French at university.
4. He _________________ (travel) through the Middle East last year.
5. _________________ (they / visit) the Louvre in Paris?
6. She _________________ (not / watch) TV yesterday.

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7. We _________________ (buy) a new car last weekend.
8. Where _________________ (you / teach) before you came here?
9. He _________________ (not / think) that he was right.
10. I _________________ (cook) steak last night.
11. _________________ (Lucy / read) ‘War and Peace’ at school?
12. She _________________ (not / write) to her grandmother.
13. We _________________ (have) a computer when I was a child.
14. Where _________________ (you / go) on holiday?
15. I _________________ (love) ice cream when I was a child.
Practice 78
Rewrite the sentences into the negative form.
1. They collected postcards. _______________________________________
2. You jumped high. _______________________________________
3. Albert played squash. _______________________________________
4. The teacher tested our English. _______________________________________
5. Fiona visited her grandma. _______________________________________
6. He washed the car. _______________________________________
7. You were thirsty. _______________________________________
8. He had a computer. _______________________________________
9. I bought bread. _______________________________________
10. You saw the house. _______________________________________

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Practice 79
What did they do yesterday? Write sentences to express situations in the past.
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________

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Unit 12: Are you hungry?
Dialogue: Charles and his wife are making a list for the supermarket.
Charles: Ok honey, what do I need to buy?

Nancy: Well, do we have enough noodles?
Charles: We have some noodles but not enough.
Nancy: How about tomato sauce?
Charles: I don’t see any tomato sauce.
Nancy: Are there any onions?
Charles: Yes, we have a lot of onions.
Nancy: Do we need any tomatoes or garlic?
Charles: There are a lot of tomatoes but there isn’t any garlic.
Nancy: Are you making a salad?
Charles: Yes, I am, but there isn’t any lettuce.
Nancy: Are there any apples for the pie?
Charles: There are a few apples. Maybe I’ll buy a couple more.
Nancy: Did you look in the freezer for ice cream?
Charles: There isn’t any vanilla but there is some chocolate ice cream.
Nancy: You should get vanilla ice cream. It goes best with apple pie.
Charles: So, I need some noodles, a can of tomato sauce, some garlic, a head of lettuce and
a few apples. Is that everything?
Nancy: Don’t forget bread and ice cream.
Charles: That’s right, a carton of vanilla ice cream and a loaf of bread.
Nancy: One more thing. Don’t forget your list.
Charles: Thanks for reminding me. Bye.
Taken from: http://www.stickyball.net/

134
Practice 80
Answer the following questions based on the reading. Remember to use complete
sentences.
1. What is Charles doing? ____________________________________________________
2. Where is he going to go? ___________________________________________________
3. Why is he making a list? ___________________________________________________
4. Are there any oranges in his refrigerator? ______________________________________
5. Is there any bread? _______________________________________________________
6. Is there a lot of milk? _____________________________________________________
7. What is Charles making for dinner? __________________________________________
8. Is he making spaghetti? ____________________________________________________
9. What does Charles have to buy at the supermarket? ______________________________
10. Will he buy any apples? __________________________________________________
11. Will he buy a carton of ice cream? __________________________________________
12. What kind of ice cream will he buy? ________________________________________
13. How much bread will he buy? _____________________________________________
14. What is Charles making for dessert? ________________________________________
15. What did Charles almost forget? ___________________________________________

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Countable and Uncountable Nouns
A noun can be either countable or uncountable. Countable nouns can be "counted." They
have a singular and plural form.
Countable Nouns
one apple many eggs
two watermelons an apple
a pear ten grapes
On the other hand, uncountable nouns cannot be counted as individual objects. In other
words, you cannot make them plural by adding -s, because they only have a singular form.
It also means that they do not take a/an or a number in front of them.
Non-countable Nouns
Chocolate milk
Fish sugar
Chicken flour
Tip: Think about the batter from which a cake is made. Before putting the batter into the
oven, you cannot divide it into its parts because it is a liquid mix. Once it has been baked,
however, it becomes solid enough to be cut into pieces.
Think of non-count nouns as

the batter which forms a mass
and cannot be divided.
Think of the pieces of cake as the

count nouns which may be
numbered and distributed.

136
Words used with…
Countable Nouns Non-Countable nouns
Many Much
How Many How Much
Few Little
A / An -
Some – A lot of – Any - Enough
Much and Many
The words much and many mean a lot of.
 If the noun is in uncountable, we use much

 If the noun is in countable, we use many
Example:
How much money do you have?
 If a noun is in plural, we use many
Example:
How many friends are coming to the party?
Some & Any

Positive Clauses
In positive clauses, we usually use some.
Example:
I bought some bread.
I took some apples.

137
Negative Clauses
In negative clauses, we use any. Note, however, that any alone is not a negative - it must be
not ... any
Example:
I did not buy any bread.
I did not take any apples.
Questions
In questions, we usually use any.
Example:
Did you buy any bread?
Did you buy any apples?
Exceptions
Positive Clauses with Any
We usually use some in positive clauses. But after never, without, hardly, we use any.
Example:
We never go anywhere.
She did her homework without any help.
There’s hardly anyone here.
Questions with Some
We usually use any in questions. But if we expect or want the other person to answer “yes”,
we use some.
Example:
Do you have any brothers and sisters?
Would you like some biscuits?

138
few /
many a lot of
some /
any /
enough
a / an
Countable
Uncountable
Little /
Much
a lot of
Some /
any /
enough
Practice 81
Are these nouns countable or uncountable?
1. cupcake ____________
2. water ____________
3. fruit ____________
4. onion ____________
5. coconut ____________
6. bread ____________
7. meat ____________

139
8. candy ____________
9. egg ____________
10. milk____________
11. oil ____________
12. yogurt____________
13. food ____________
14. chocolate ____________
15. cookies ____________
Practice 82
Circle the correct word.
1. Ignacio doesn’t have any / some sandwiches.
2. Angeles has an / some apples.
3. We have some / any sandwiches.
́ going to buy some / an ice cream.

4. I m
5. You can have this cereal with some / a milk.
6. I have got any / some fruit.
7. Is there some / any cheese in the fridge?
8. There is a / any water in the fridge?
9. The supermarket ś got some / a strawberries.
10. I have a / some soup in the fridge.

140
Practice 83
Fill in the correct word (some or any).
1. I need a hammer and _________________nails.
2. He does not want _________________help from you.
3. There are _________________dogs in the garden.
4. Do you know _________________famous people?
5. They often invite _________________ relatives to the company dinner.
6. Do you have _________________idea what they are doing there?
7. Charly doesn't have _________________pets, but he would love to get a dog.
8. My little brother already knows _________________words in English.
9. My mum doesn't speak _________________foreign languages.
10. I've got _________________sweets for you.
Practice 84
Ask question using How much and How many.
(eggs) _________________________________________________________________
(flour) _______________________________________________________
(sugar) _______________________________________________________
(apples) _________________________________________________________________
(carrots) _________________________________________________________________
(salad) __________________________________________________________________

141
(beer) _______________________________________________________
(butter) _________________________________________________________________
(bread) _________________________________________________________________
Practice 85
Choose the correct word (how much or how many)
1. ________________________ sandwiches did you prepare?
2. ________________________ milk do you need?
3. ________________________ fruit can you see on the table?
4. ________________________ grapes do you eat a day?
5. ________________________ sugar does the recipe need?
Practice 86
Decide whether you must use “much” or “many”.
1. Jane hasn't got ________________time.
2. Do you know ________________words in English?
3. He didn't eat ________________meat.
4. There isn't ________________butter in the fridge.
5. How ________________eggs did the hens lay?
6. Samantha has as ________________money as Bruce.

142
7. How ________________lessons do you have on Mondays?
8. There was too________________ noise in the streets.
9. I cannot see ________________stars in the sky tonight.
10. Do you have ________________friends abroad?
Practice 87
Look at the picture and organize the food on countable and non-countable nouns.
Countable Non-countable

143
Practice 88
Label the food as it corresponds. Then, write 6 sentences using some of those words.
tea – sugar – chocolate - ice-cream - rice – water - cake – eggs –
orange - meat - jam – flour - oil – hamburger - cookies
Countable Nouns Non-Countable Nouns
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
6. ____________________________________________________________

144
Additional Readings
The following readings were taken from Internet with the purpose of helping students to
improve their reading skills and the acquisition of vocabulary. Also, the activities presented are
just a guide for the professor to work with; they can be modified if the professor of the course
considers it necessary.
Additional Reading 1
The Skeleton Key
by Kelly Hashway
Erik rang his grandparents’ doorbell and silently wished the next four hours would go by
quickly. He didn’t want to give up his entire Saturday afternoon at his grandparents’ house where
there were no kids in the neighborhood.
“You’re right on time,” Grandma Bethany said, opening the door. “There’s tea and cake
in the dining room.”
Cake? At least the first ten minutes would go by quickly. Erik hung his coat on the rack by
the door and saw a strange looking key hanging on a hook. “Grandpa Bill, what’s this funny key
for?”
“That’s a skeleton key. It opens the best room in this house,” Grandpa Bill whispered so
no one else could hear. “It’s the room I go to when your grandmother tries to make me help with
the dishes.”
“What’s so special about the room?” Erik asked.
“It’s a game room,” Grandpa Bill said. “Take the key and see if you can find the room by
the time I finish my tea.”
Erik grabbed the key and stared at it. “A skeleton key? It looks old.” Erik decided the
oldest things in the house were probably upstairs in the walk-up attic. He headed past the dining
room and to the stairs.
Grandpa Bill sipped his tea and shook his head.
Erik knew that meant he was going the wrong way. He headed back to the front door
where he’d found the key.

145
Erik thought about the oldest part of a house. “The basement! It’s the first part that’s
built.” He rushed to the basement door and looked at the lock. It was different from a normal
lock. He slid the key inside and turned it. With a click, the door opened.
Erik switched on the light and walked down the stairs. The basement was one giant room
with a pool table in the middle and a dartboard on the far wall.
“Awesome!” Erik said.
“Ever learn to play pool?” Grandpa Bill asked, coming down the stairs.
“No,” Erik said.
“Well then, grab a cue from the rack and I’ll teach you.”
Erik smiled. The next four hours were going to fly by.
Taken from: www.superteacherworksheets.com
1. What is the setting of this story? (Tell where and when the story takes place.)
2. Why didn't Erik want to visit his grandparents' house at the beginning of the story?
3. Grandpa told Erik that the skeleton key opened...
 a trunk with secrets

 the basement door
 the attic door
 a game room
4. Why did Erik think the key would open the attic door?
5. Choose the best definition for the underlined word in each sentence.
a. Erik and his grandfather played a game of pool.

i. a hole in the ground filled with water
ii. a game where a large ball is shot into a goal
iii. a game where a stick is used to shoot balls across a table

146
b. Grandpa Bill grabbed a cue from the rack.
i. a ball used to play pool
ii. a stick used to play pool
iii. a storage container for pool equipment
c. Erik noticed a dartboard on the wall in Grandpa Bill's game room.

i. a square box where darts are kept
ii. a piece of wood use to keep score while playing darts
iii. a target made of cork that is used in a game of darts
The Right Way to Punish Your Child
Never discipline your child when you are angry. It only increases the chance that you will
be excessively harsh, either physically or verbally. There will inevitably be times: when you are
3 absolutely furious with your child; when he does not cooperate and you are in a hurry to get
somewhere; when you have a pounding headache and he won’t stop nagging you; when he has
ruined something that you really care about; when he has spoken to you in an extremely nasty or
6 disrespectful way, and/or when you discovered that he has been lying to you all along about
something you’ve discussed several times.
In any close relationship, whether it is between relatives, spouses, friends, or parents and
9 children, there are bound to be conflicts, arguments, and frustrations that leave one or both people
angry. It is perfectly normal to feel angry at your child from time to time. This doesn’t mean that
you’re a bad parent, that you have a bad child, or that you have a bad relationship.
12 There is a difference, though, between feeling angry at someone and letting that person have it.
I’m sure you’ve been in plenty of situations where what you really wanted to do was scream,
swear, or slap someone — but you didn’t. So, you know that you can control your anger when
15 you must. (If you can’t, you need to learn how. Uncontrollable anger may be entertaining to

147
watch in a movie, but in real life, it’s not a winning trait.) Control your anger when you are
disciplining your child. Make yourself do it.
18 I’ve said elsewhere that punishment is most effective when it is applied immediately.
How can you do this, then, when your child has done something that has really made you angry?
When you feel yourself getting angry with your child over something he’s done, take a deep
21 breath, count to three, and tell your child in a firm but measured tone that you are furious. Then
wait until you’ve calmed down to actually do something about the situation. Explain why you are
punishing your child, and then punish him.
24 Make sure, though, that you actually do something once you’ve settled down (for
example, deprive your child of something she likes or force her to do a chore that she detests).
You want your child to associate your anger over her misbehavior with a genuinely unpleasant
27 consequence. But you don’t want that consequence to be a slap on the behind or a verbal assault.
Physical punishment and verbal abuse have harmful side effects.
The time that elapses between your telling your child that you are furious and the point at
30 which you actually take action should be only as long as it takes you to calm down. Don’t draw it
out any longer than you need to. Remember, you want to punish your child as close in time to the
misbehavior as possible, because a swift response is more effective than a delayed response.
33 I know you’ve probably been told that it’s important for children to feel comfortable with
their emotions, whether they are positive or negative. I agree that children should grow up feeling
that anger, just like happiness and sadness, is a normal human feeling. And you may ask yourself
36 if your excessively controlled expression of anger will stifle your child’s emotional development.
The answer is no, it won’t. There is no evidence that children who are exposed to open
displays of parental anger are emotionally healthier than their peers, and plenty of proof that just

148
39 the opposite is true. Children whose parents yell at them often are more likely to feel anxious and
fearful and to have trouble controlling their own anger in their relationships with others.
Taken from: tipsonlifeandlove.com
1. Name two situations when it is inevitably to be angry at your child.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. If you get angry at your child does it mean that you are a bad parent? Why?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What do you have to do when your child has done sometime bad?
______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
4. Why it is important to punish your child as soon as the misbehavior took place?
______________________________________________________________________________
How do children feel when their parents yell at them?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5. Name two ineffective ways of expressing anger.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Dangerous animals
When we are young, we learn that tigers and sharks are dangerous animals. We might be
scared of them because they are big and powerful. As we get older, however, we learn that

149
3 sometimes the most dangerous animals are also the smallest animals. In fact, the animal that kills
the most people every year is one that you have probably killed yourself many times: the
mosquito.
6 While it may seem that all mosquitoes are biters, this is not actually the case. Male mosquitoes
eat plant nectar. On the other hand, female mosquitoes feed on animal blood. They need this
blood to live and produce eggs. When a female mosquito bites a human being, it transmits a small
9 amount of saliva into the blood. This saliva may or may not contain a deadly disease. The result
of the bite can be as minor as an itchy bump or as serious as death.
Because a mosquito can bite many people in the course of its life, it can carry diseases
12 from one person to another very easily. Two of the most deadly diseases carried by mosquitoes
are malaria and yellow fever. More than 700 million people become sick from these diseases
every year. At least 2 million of these people will die from these diseases.
15 Many scientists are working on safer and better ways to kill mosquitoes, but so far, there
is no sure way to protect everyone in the world from their deadly bites. Mosquito nets can be
placed over beds to protect people against being bitten. These nets help people stay safe at night,
18 but they do not kill any mosquitoes. Mosquitoes have many natural enemies like bats, birds,
dragonflies, and certain kinds of fish. Bringing more of these animals into places where
mosquitoes live might help to cut down the amount of mosquitoes in that area. This is a natural
21 solution, but it does not always work very well. Mosquitoes can also be killed with poisons or
sprays. Even though these sprays kill mosquitoes, they may also harm other plants or animals.
Although mosquitoes may not seem as scary as larger, more powerful animals, they are
24 far more dangerous to human beings. But things are changing. It is highly likely that one day
scientists will find a way to keep everyone safe from mosquitoes and the diseases they carry.

150
Taken from: aguilardiana530.blogspot.com
1. Why according to the author, some people are more afraid of tigers and sharks than of
mosquitoes?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the difference between the male and female mosquitoes?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3. What would happen if you get sick with malaria or yellow fever?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
4. What animals are the natural enemies of mosquitoes?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5. Why it is not advisable to use poisons or sprays to kill the mosquitoes?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
6. Name a way in which people can stay safe from mosquitoes at night.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

151
What’s Wild about African Wild Dogs?
What’s the difference between African wild dogs and the dogs we know as pets? For one
thing, African wild dogs, which live in Africa, south of the Sahara Desert, only have four toes,
3 while domestic dogs and wolves have five. But you wouldn’t want to count for yourself, because
these are truly wild animals.
Wild dogs are not somebody's domestic dogs that ran away and didn't come back, although
6 some people used to think that," explains Dr. McNutt, who studies these animals at Wild Dog
Research Camp in the African country of Botswana. "They are actually Africa's wolf, and just like
wolves, they do not make good pets. They need to be out in the wild doing what they are supposed
9 to be doing – ranging many miles every day and hunting to find the food they need to survive and
feed pups."
In fact, they travel so far that researchers use radio collars to keep track of them. The collars send
12 out radio signals that tell people where the dogs are. African wild dogs are a separate species from
domestic dogs: Lycaon pictus, which means painted, wolf-like animal. No two wild dogs have the
same pattern to their coats, so it is easy to tell them apart.
15 Roaming through grasslands, savannas, and wooded areas, they hunt gazelles and other
antelopes, baby wildebeests, warthogs, birds, and rats. Incredible hunters, they can run up to 35
miles per hour (56 kilometers per hour).
18 African wild dogs are smart and sociable, like pet dogs. They enjoy each other’s company
and live in packs of about six to 20 animals. Both males and females look out for young dogs and

152
make sure they have food. Dr. McNutt was surprised to learn that they like pups so much; they will
21 even take care of orphans that don’t belong to them.
African wild dogs talk to each other with two common types of calls, says Dr. McNutt.
"The 'hoo' call is a call that they make when lost or when a pack member is missing. It sounds
24 almost like an owl." The dogs can hear the call two or three miles away and easily find each other.
On the other hand, says Dr. McNutt, "The twitter calls are intended to carry only very short
distances, and are used to wake up the pack members and rally them to go hunting. They are very
27 high pitched and sound almost like songbird calls."
There's one huge difference between domestic or pet dogs and African wild dogs. Millions
of domestic dogs live on the planet, but there are probably fewer than 6,000 African wild dogs left.
30 Lions and hyenas eat them, but most of all, African wild dogs are threatened by people.
Humans hunt them, and ranchers and farmers who don’t want them going after cows and sheep
poison them. Humans are also destroying the wild, natural habitat they need to survive.
33 Researchers like Dr. McNutt are working to help people understand how rare and special
these animals are. Today more ranchers are finding other ways to protect their cows and sheep
from African wild dogs instead of killing the rare and special animals.
36 Taken from: kids.nationalgeographic.com
1. What is the difference between African wild dogs and regular dogs?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Why African wild dogs are not good pets?

153
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What artifact is used to track African wild dogs?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the meaning of Lycaon pictus?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. Do African wild dogs enjoy the company of other wild dogs?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6. Why African wild dogs are threatened species?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

154

155
1. What does spit do for our mouths?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Why are some animal experts at surviving?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What does a llama do when it feels threatened?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Why do animals often lose their appetite when a llama spits on them?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5. What does the archer fish do to create a forceful stream of water?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6. How does the venom of a cobra work?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

156
List of Verbs
Present Past Past Participle Meaning
arise arose arisen elevarse
awake awoke awaken despertarse
be was/were been ser o estar
beat beat beat/beaten golpear
become became become llegar a ser
begin began begun empezar
bend bent bent doblar
bet bet bet apostar
bind bound bound atar
bite bit bitten morder
bleed bled bled sangrar
blow blew blown soplar
break broke broken romper
breed bred bred criar
bring brought brought traer
broadcast broadcast broadcast difundir
build built built construir
burn burnt burnt quemar
burst burst burst reventar
buy bought bought comprar
can could - poder
catch caught caught coger
chide chid chidden reprender
choose chose chosen elegir
come came come venir
cost cost cost costar
cut cut cut cortar
deal dealt dealt tratar
dig dug dug cavar
dive dove dove zambullir
do did done hacer
draw drew drawn dibujar

157
dream dreamt dreamt soñar
drink drank drunk beber
drive drove driven conducir
eat ate eaten comer
fall fell fallen caer
feed fed fed alimentar
feel felt felt sentir
fight fought fought luchar
find found found encontrar
flee fled fled huir
fly flew flown volar
forbid forbade forbidden prohibir
forget forgot forgotten olvidar
forgive forgave forgiven perdonar
freeze froze frozen helar
get got gotten obtener
give gave given dar
go went gone ir
grow grew grown crecer
hang hung hung colgar
have had had haber, tener
has had had haber, tener
hear heard heard oír
hide hid hidden esconder
hit hit hit pegar
hold held held sostener
hurt hurt hurt herir
keep kept kept mantener
kneel knelt knelt arrodillar
knit knit knit tejer
know knew known saber
lay laid laid colocar
lead led led dirigir
leap leapt leapt brincar
learn learnt learnt aprender

158
leave left left dejar, irse
lend lent lent prestar
let let let permitir
lie lay lain acostarse
light lit lit encender
lose lost lost perder
make made made hacer
may might - poder
mean meant meant significar
meet met met reunirse
mistake mistook mistaken equivocar
mow mowed mown segar
pay paid paid pagar
prove proved proven demostrar
put put put poner
quit quit quit renunciar
read read read leer
ride rode ridden montar
ring rang rung llamar
rise rose risen levantarse
run ran run correr
say said said decir
see saw seen ver
seek sought sought buscar
sell sold sold vender
send sent sent enviar
set set set poner
shake shook shaken sacudir
shine shone shone brillar
shoot shot shot disparar
shut shut shut cerrar
sing sang sung cantar
sink sank sunk hundir
sit sat sat sentar
sleep slept slept dormir

159
smell smelt smelt oler
speak spoke spoken hablar
spend spent spent gastar
spill spilt spilt derramar
spin spun spun girar
spoil spoilt spoilt estropear
spread spread spread extender
stand stood stood colocar vertical
steal stole stolen robar
stick stuck stuck adherir(se)
sting stung stung picar
stink stank stunk apestar
strive strove striven forcejear
swear swore sworn jurar
sweep swept swept barrer
swim swam swum nadar
swing swung swung balancearse
take took taken tomar
teach taught taught enseñar
tear tore torn rasgar
tell told told decir
think thought thought pensar
throw threw thrown lanzar
understand understood understood entender
undo undid undone deshacer
upset upset upset volcar
wake woke woken despertar
wear wore worn llevar, usar
weep wept wept llorar
wet wet wet mojar
win won won ganar
wind wound wound enrollar
withdraw withdrew withdrawn retirar ($$$)
write wrote written escribir

160
Bibliography
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Articles Exercises a/an and the. (n.d.). Retrieved on December, 2013
http://www.grammarbank.com/articles-exercises.html
Beare, K. (n.d.). Mary's Hobbies and Interests. Retrieved on December, 2013 from
http://esl.about.com/od/beginnerreadingskills/a/adverbs_of_frequency_reading.htm
Beare, K. (n.d.). Present Continuous (Progressive) for Beginners. Retrieved on May, 2015 from
http://esl.about.com/library/beginner/blwhatdoing.htm
Beare, K. (n.d.). Tim’s day. Retrieved on December, 2013 from
http://esl.about.com/od/beginnerreadingskills/a/present_simple_tim.htm
CEIP TRINA RULL. (n.d.). Retrieved on December, 2013 from
www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/ceiptrinarull
Clarke Fox, C. (n.d.). What’s Wild about African Wild Dogs? Retrieved on December, 2013
from http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/stories/animalsnature/african-wild-dogs/
Dangerous Animals. (n.d.). Retrieved on December, 2013 from
http://www.rafflesis.com/asset/pdf/south/summerpack/summper%20pack%20grade5_engl
ish.pdf
English Exercises. (n.d.). A or An or The? Retrieved on December, 2013
fromhttp://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2986

161
English Exercises. (n.d.). Mary's family. Retrieved on December, 2013 from
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=5019
Gap-fill Exercise. (n.d.). Retrieved on December, 2013 from
http://www.englishlab.net/hp/quiz9_past_simple_1_add_ed_letter.htm
Goldilocks and the three bears. (n.d.). Retrieved on December, 2013 from
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-past/goldilocks
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with-sixwordsdad
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http://www.scribd.com/doc/16797473/Reading-Comprehension

162
Simple Present/Present Continuous. (n.d.). Retrieved on December, 2013 from
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Where is the dog. (n.d.). Retrieved from iSLCollective.com

163

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English 1

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

take advantage of all the tips and information of this booklet.

material to accomplish this booklet.

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Greetings, farewells, and important phrases

Are you ready? Can you repeat?

Can you repeat, please? See you later!

Can you speak slower, please? Have a nice day!

Good Afternoon Good Night!

Good Bye Bye bye!

Good Morning Good Evening!

Hello, my name is... I am ... years old.

How are you? Where do you live?

I don't understand. You're welcome.

I'm fine, thank you. Excuse me.

See you later Take care

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

What does “XX” mean? How do you say “XX” in English?

What is your name? How old are you?

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Tony: "Oh, hi Ann. I'm doing fine. What about you?"

Tony: "Hi Kate, nice to meet you."

Tony: "Oh, thank you. I'm a student at the local university."

Kate: "What's your major?"

Ann: "That's right. I'm an English major undergraduate."

Ann: "Bye Tony. Take care. I'll see you tomorrow."

A: You are David, right?

A: Yeah. I’m Katherine.

B: Well, it’s nice to meet you.

A: How are you doing? Do you enjoy the class?

B: You are right. The weather is terrible.

A: I hope it gets better. I’d like to see the sun.

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

B: I don’t blame you. But don’t let it get you down.

A: Thanks, I will. Oh! This is my stop. See you later.

B: See you in class. Bye!

B: I have a dinner with my family tomorrow.

A: We can go to the late show. I think it starts at nine o’clock.

B: That would be great.

A: What time can you be at the theatre by?

B: I can be there at 8:45.

A: Ok, I’ll meet you there.

Some common questions are:

 What is your name?

Work & Occupation

 What do you do?

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

 Are you married / single?

 Do you have any children?

 How old are you?

 Where are you from?

Free time activities

 What are your hobbies?

Universidad Internacional de las Américas

Name: Name: Name:

1. I _ sleepy. 10. The doctors _ smart

2. You _ handsome. 11. My computer _