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1.
INDIA AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD RELATIONS

1.1. INDIA-CHINA
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8468022022 DELHI | PUNE | HYDERABAD | AHMEDABAD | JAIPUR | LUCKNOW | CHANDIGARH | GUWAHATI
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DELHI | PUNE | HYDERABAD | AHMEDABAD | JAIPUR | LUCKNOW | CHANDIGARH | GUWAHATI 8468022022
1.5. INDIA-SRI LANKA
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1.6. INDIA’S NORTHEAST NEIGHBOURS
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1.7. INDIA-NEPAL
1.7.1. BANGLADESH-BHUTAN-INDIA-NEPAL (BBIN) MOTOR VEHICLES AGREEMENT

(MVA)
Why in News?
India, Bangladesh, and Nepal have finalized the enabling Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to
implement the BBIN MVA, pending ratification by Bhutan.
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1.8. INDIA-BANGLADESH
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1.10. INDIA-MALDIVES
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2. BILATERAL, REGIONAL AND GLOBAL GROUPINGS
AND AGREEMENTS INVOLVING INDIA AND/OR
AFFECTING INDIA’S INTERESTS
2.1. INDIA-US
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2.2. INDIA-RUSSIA
2.2.1. INDIA-RUSSIA DEFENSE RELATIONS

Why in News?
At the recently held 21st India-Russia summit, both nations signed a 10-year defence cooperation pact in the
background of ongoing deliveries of the S-400 air defence systems.
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2.3. INDIA-UNITED KINGDOM (UK)
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2.4. INDIA-EUROPEAN UNION
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2.4.1. INDIA-FRANCE
2.4.1.1. INDIA-FRANCE DEFENCE PARTNERSHIP

Why in news?
Recently, India and France agreed to strengthen defence and security partnership.
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2.5.1. INDIA-CENTRAL ASIA
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2.5.2. INDIA TURKMENISTAN RELATIONS
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2.6. INDIA-MIDDLE EAST
2.6.1. I2-U2 JOINT WORKING GROUP

Why in news?
India along with United States and two Middle east countries Israel, and the United Arab Emirates set up a
new joint working group “I2-U2” to enhance cooperation and partnerships.
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Significance of the grouping
• I2-U2 which stands for India, Israel, UAE and the US mirrors the Indo-Pacific Quad, and marks the growing
convergence between Indian and U.S. interests in Asia and a fundamental shift in India’s foreign policy
in the Middle East.
o Keeping its distance from the United States, Israel, and the Persian Gulf states on regional issues has
long been India’s default mode in the Middle East.
o This also highlights that India is now ready to move from bilateral relations conducted in separate silos
towards an integrated regional policy.
• The initial focus of the group will be on economic issues rather than strategic ones where the format
would leverage complementary capabilities in areas such as energy, climate, trade, regional security.
2.6.2. INDIA-UAE RELATIONS
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2.6.3. INDIA-ISRAEL
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2.7. INDIA-AFRICA
2.7.1. CHINA’S GROWING FOOTPRINT IN AFRICA

Why in news?
China has been investing across the African continent throughout the last decade and China is also using
private military companies to expand its footprint in Africa.
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2.8. INDIA VIETNAM
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2.9. INDIA-JAPAN
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2.10. INDIA-AUSTRALIA
2.10.1. INDIA-AUSTRALIA VIRTUAL SUMMIT

Why in news?
Recently, the 2nd India-Australia Virtual Summit was held between India’s and Australia’s Prime Minister.
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• Catering to the global challenges- The new principles and policies of the group should reflect a global
outlook rather than merely focusing on the myopic interests of the developed world. This would result in
prudent tackling of global problems like climate change.
• India’s Engagement at G7- India being a rising economic power and a responsible global stakeholder, it
remains one of the few nations which can engage with the G-7 in providing solutions to global problems.
2.12. G20
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2.13. SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION (SCO)
2.13.1. REGIONAL ANTI-TERRORIST STRUCTURE

Why in news?
Recently, meeting of Shanghai Cooperation Organization's (SCO's) Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure or RATS
held in New Delhi to discuss enhancing cooperation in fighting various regional security problems.
About Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS)
• The Agreement on RATS as a permanent SCO body was signed in 2002.
• RATS has been a coordinating center for combating terrorism, separatism and extremism at the regional
and global levels.
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o RATS platform provides a mechanism for interaction for ensuring the security of the SCO member
states from transnational crimes associated with terrorism, such as illegal migration and trafficking
of drugs, weapons, explosives, etc.
• Under RATS’ working relationship, the member countries coordinate with each other and other global
organisations to gather information to tackle terrorism.
o RATS also maintains a database of terrorists and terror organisations from across its member
countries.
o Within the RATS framework the anti-terrorist capacity of the SCO member states is being developed
by holding the annual joint antiterrorist exercises.
2.14. BENGAL INITIATIVE FOR MULTI-SECTORAL TECHNICAL AND

ECONOMIC COOPERATION (BIMSTEC)
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2.15. BRICS
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1.

INDIA AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD RELATIONS

1.7.1. BANGLADESH-BHUTAN-INDIA-NEPAL (BBIN) MOTOR VEHICLES AGREEMENT

2.2.1. INDIA-RUSSIA DEFENSE RELATIONS

2.4.1.1. INDIA-FRANCE DEFENCE PARTNERSHIP

2.6.1. I2-U2 JOINT WORKING GROUP

2.6.2. INDIA-UAE RELATIONS

2.7.1. CHINA’S GROWING FOOTPRINT IN AFRICA

2.10.1. INDIA-AUSTRALIA VIRTUAL SUMMIT

2.13.1. REGIONAL ANTI-TERRORIST STRUCTURE

2.14. BENGAL INITIATIVE FOR MULTI-SECTORAL TECHNICAL AND

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